一、过去进行时的时间状语
1. when 和while引导的状语从句中,强调某个动作正在进行的过程中时要用进行时态,
1. 过去进行时的定义 过去进行时主要表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作,或表示过去某一阶段一直在进行的动作。如:
I was having a talk with Li Hua at that time. 那时,我正在跟李华谈话。
I was watching TV at home last night. 昨晚我一直在看电视。
2. 过去进行时的结构
过去进行时由“was / were + 现在分词”构成。如:
I was doing my lessons then. 那时,我在做功课。
We were cleaning the house. 我们在打扫房子。
4. 过去进行时与一般过去时的区别
(1) 过去进行时强调动作在过去某时刻正在进行或持续,而一般过去时表示动作的完成。如:
He was writing his composition last night. 他昨晚在写作文。(不一定写完)
He wrote his composition last night. 他昨晚写了一篇作文。(已经写完)
(2) 表示过去的状态、感觉及心理活动的静态动词(如be, like, love, hate, fear, own, hear, see, know, want, notice)可用于一般过去时,但通常不用于进行时。如:
I hated it when a man spoke with his mouth full of food. 我讨厌人们说话时口里含着食物。
(4) 有时过去进行时可以用来替换一般过去时,但一般过去时表示主语的行为是经过认真考虑的;而过去进行时表示一种较随便或没有进行仔细考虑的行为。如:
I thought that he would agree with us. 我原以为它会同意我们的。
I was thinking of persuading him to follow my advice. 我想到了要说服他接受我们的建议
二 填入以下单词的正确形式
1. It was warm, so I ________off my coat (take).
2. John_________ (take) a photograph of me while I __________ (not/look).
3. Jane______________________(wait) for me when I
__________(arrive).
4. Sue wasn’t hungry, so she ____________ anything. ( eat)
5. It was hard work carrying the bags. They _____________very heavy . ( be )
6.When I was young, I____________(want) to be a bus driver.
7. My brother came into the bedroom while I
___________ (dance).
8. ________he __________ (lie) on the ground at nine yesterday evening?
9. What __________ Jim __________ (write) when the teacher came in?
10. The Reads __________ (not have) lunch when I got to their house.
11. Mike and I ________(play) basketball at that time ye
四.按要求转换下列句型。
1. We were having a PE class at four yesterday afternoon.(改为否定句)
We ______ ______ a PE class at four yesterday afternoon.
2. Kate was reviewing her lessons at eight last night.(改为一般疑问句,并做肯、否定回答)
________ Kate _______her lessons at eight last night? ________ , she ________. ________ , she _______ .
4. They were playing computer games at nine last night.(对划线部分提问)
________ ________ they _______ at nine last night?
5. I was reading a novel at three yesterday afternoon.(对划线部分提问)
_________ ________ you ________ at three yesterday
afternoon?
过去进行时参考答案
一:
1. got up 2. had 3. took her (about) half an hour
4. She started work. 5. She didn’t have (any) lunch/??eat (any) lunch
6. She finished work 7. She was tired when she got
8. She cooked 9. She didn’t go
10. She went to bed 11. She slept
二:
1. took 2. took, wasn’t looking
3. was waiting, arrived 4. didn’t eat
5. were 6. wanted
7was dancing 8.Was, lying
9.was, writing 10.weren't having 11.were playing
四. 1.weren't having 2. Was, reviewing, Yes, was, No, wasn't
3. was running 4.What were, doing 5.What were, reading
五. 1.weren't playing 2.Was, watching 3.Where was, waiting
4.was doing 5.were swee
过去进行时的用法
过去进行时(Past continuous tense或Past Progressive tense)表示在过去某
一时刻或某一段时间内进行或发生的动作。不强调是否完成。
1. 过去进行时的基本用法主要表示过去某一时间正在进行的动作。
例如:He fell asleep when he was reading. 他看书时睡着了。
2. 用过去进行时表示现在主要是为了使语气委婉、客气。
例如:I was wondering if you could give me a lift. 我不知你能否让我搭一下车。
【注】一般过去时也有类似用法,但比较而言,用过去进行时显得更客气,更不肯定。
3. 过去进行时表示感情色彩与现在进行时相似,过去进行时也可表示满意、称赞、惊讶、厌恶等感情色彩,也通常与always,forever,continually等副词连用。
例如:They were always quarrelling. 他们老是吵架。
4.动词be的过去进行时也可表示过去一时的表现或暂时的状态。
比较:He was friendly. 他很友好。(指过去长期如此)
He was being friendly. 他当时显得很友好。(指当时一时的表现) 补充:when 的后面加任意时态,而且动词是短暂性动词。
while 的后面加进行时,动词是延续性动词同省同留。
5.当两个动作在过去某一时间同时发生时、用过去进行时表示较长的动作,可用于主句和从句。
例如:He was watching TV when his mother came in. {当他妈妈进来时,他正在看电视}
1、当句子意思很清楚时,我们也可以把两个动词都换成一般过去时。
例如:We listened carefully when the teacher read the text. 老师读课文时,我们都仔细地听着。
2、表示按计划、安排过去将要发生的事。用于come,go,leave,start,arrive等表示位置转移的动词时,也可以用过去进行时表示过去将要发生的动作。
例如:He told me that he was going soon. 他告诉我他很快就要走了。
3、表示故事发生的背景。
例如:It was snowing as the medical team made its way to the front. 那支医疗小组往前线行进时,天正下着雪。
4、表示一个新的动作刚刚开始。过去进行时可用来引出一个新的动作,这种用法颇有点儿像镜头转换。
例如:Five minutes later,he stood in the doorway smoking a cigarette. 5分钟后,他已站在门口抽着烟。
5、过去进行时还可和when结构遥相呼应,含有意外之意。
例如:I was walking in the street when someone called me. 我正在街上走时突然有人喊我。
6、用来陈述原因或用作借口。
例如:She went to the doctor yesterday. She was having a lot of trouble with her heart.她昨天去看病了。她患了很严重的心脏病。
7、与always,constantly等词连用,表示感情色彩。
例如:he girl was always changing her mind. 这女孩老是改变主意。
8、用在状语中。
例如:He felt asleep when he was reading. 当他阅读时,他睡着了。
过去进行时的用法
过去进行时的用法
1)过去进行时主要表示过去某时的一个动作正在进行,过去时间可以由一个状语表示出来:
What were you doing when I rang you up? 我给你打电话时你在干吗?
I was having a bath (at that time). (那时) 我在洗澡。
You were then working in the post office, weren’t you? 那时你在邮局工作,对吧?
I was writing a letter when she called. 她来时我正在写信。
I was busy yesterday. I was preparing for the exams. 昨天我很忙,我在准备考试。
At that moment, I wasn’t doing anything. 那会儿我什么也没做。
I was thinking of you all those years. 那些年我一直惦记着你。
有时候时间由上下文表示出来:
Jane was in town. She was doing some shopping. 简在城里,在买东西。
The bride was wearing a pink dress and carrying a small bouquet. 新娘穿着粉红色的裙服,手上拿着一小束花。
He was sitting alone on the deck. 他一个人坐在甲板上。
Someone was following her. She was scared. 有人跟着她,她很害怕。
A small orchestra was playing. 一支小型管弦乐队在演奏。
They knew what they were working for. 他们知道在为什么而工作。
I didn’t know you were still waiting for me. 我不知道你还在等我。
I asked him to tell me what was troubling him. 我让他说出他的烦心事。
过去进行时还可以用在状语从句中:
He met the bride while he was studying in California. 他是在加州上学时遇到新娘的。
He lost his purse when he was strolling across a meadow. 他在草地上散步时把钱包丢了。
I got to know her when I was working in a pharmacy. 我在药房工作时认识了她。
While the water was heating, I began cooking. 烧水时我开始做饭。
2)过去进行时可以用来描绘一幅景象,作为描绘的开始:
A fire was burning and a cat was sleeping in front of it. A girl was playing the piano and singing softly to herself. Then there was a knock at the door. 炉火烧着,一只猫睡在炉火前。一个女孩在弹钢琴,轻声对自己唱着,这时有人敲门。
She was sitting at the window, watching the evening invade the avenue. Suddenly she heard someone calling her from downstairs, and she recognized the voice. She stood up quickly. 她坐在窗前,看着暮色渐渐笼罩大街。突然她听到楼下有人叫她。她听出了这声音,迅速站了起来。
在故事中间也可用过去进行时来描绘一幅景象:
At last we got to the top of the mountain. White snow covered everything. People were sitting in groups of three and four. Some were lying on their backs. When they saw us, they were very happy and shouted: “We thought you had lost your way!” 最后我们爬上了山顶。白雪覆盖着一切,人们三五成群地坐着,有的人仰面躺着。他们看到我们时非常高兴,高声叫到:“我们还以为你们迷路了!”
在小说中我们常可以看到这样的段落。
过去进行时的结构
1. 过去进行时的结构
am变为_________,are变为__________,is变为__________
过去进行时由“was / were + 现在分词”构成。如:
I was doing my lessons then. 那时,我在做功课。
We were cleaning the house. 我们在打扫房子。
2. 过去进行时的定义
过去进行时主要表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作,或表示过去某一阶段一直在进行的动作。如:
I was having a talk with Li Hua at that time.
I was watching TV at home last night.
表示过去进行时的词或词组:
那时 在那时 昨天的这个时候
昨天晚上八点 昨晚从六点到八点
3. 过去进行时与一般过去时的区别
过去进行时强调动作在过去某时刻正在进行或持续,而一般过去时表示动作的完成。如:
He was writing his composition last night. 他昨晚在写作文。(不一定写完)
He wrote his composition last night. 他昨晚写了一篇作文。(已经写完)
过去进行时的用法
过去进行时的用法
1 过去进行时主要表示过去某个时刻或某一阶段正在进行的动作,常常和表示过去时间的状语then,at this(that) time, yesterday,at nine,last night等连用。但在不少情况下,句中没有表示时间的状语,这时需要通过上下文来表示。例如:
What were you doing at ten last night?
昨晚十点时,你在做什么?
I called you yesterday afternoon but there was no answer.
昨天下午我打电话给你,但是没有人接电话。
I was visiting a friend of mine most of the afternoon.
我昨天下午大部分时间,都在一个朋友家里。
2 当两个一长一短的动作在过去某个时间同时发生时,用过去进行时来表示较长的动作。过去进行时可以用于主句,也可以用于从句。
It was raining hard when I left school.
当我离开学校的时候,雨下得正大。
When you called, I was watching TV.
你打电话时,我正在看电视。
When I was cleaning the windows, my brother was sweeping the floor.
(当)我在擦窗户的时候,我弟弟在拖地。
Some students were playing football, while others were running round the track.
一些学生在踢足球,同时别的学生正在跑道上跑步。
We were walking along the river when (suddenly) it rained.
我们沿着河边散步,突然下起雨来。
They were watching TV when the lights went out.
停电时,他们刚好在看电视。
3 过去进行时表示过去将来的动作
现在进行时可以表示将来的动作,同样,过去进行时也可以表示从过去某时间看来将要发生的动作。常常用在间接引语中。
She went to see Xiao Li. He was leaving early the next morning.
她去看小李。他第二天一早就要离开此地了。
She asked him whether he was coming back to lunch.
她问他晚饭是否要回来吃。
4 过去进行时和一般过去时的区别
过去进行时表示过去某时正在进行的动作,而一般当两个延续动作同时并行时,二者都可用过去进行时表达。
Li Ming washed the dishes.
李明洗过盘子了。
Li Ming was washing the dishes.
李明在洗盘子。
The children watched TV yesterday evening.
昨天晚上孩子们看了电视。
The children were watching TV yesterday evening.
昨晚孩子们整晚都在看电视。(没干别的)
I was reading a novel this morning.
上午我在看小说。(可能没看完)
I read a novel this morning.
上午我看了一本小说。(已经看完了)
[典型例题]
1) Mary ___ a dress when she cut her finger.
A. made B. is making C. was making D. makes
答案C. 割伤手指是已发生的事情,应用过去时。同 时,when表时间的同时性, “玛丽在做衣服时”提供事情发生的背景,因此用过去进行时。
2) As he ___ the newspaper, Granny ___ asleep.
A. read; was falling B. was reading; fell C. was reading; was falling D. read; fell
答案B. 句中的as = when, while,意为
(王海波)