1.各种图表的名称(Types of chart)
饼状图(Pie chart): 饼状图内部分成一块一块,用于表示所占分量,那一块一块就叫"segment"。
线形图(Line graph): 横轴叫axis,枢轴叫vertical,实线是solid line,虚线是broken line
柱状图(Bar chart): 每一个矩形就叫一个bar
表(Table): 表的“行”是row,“列”是column
流程图(Flow chart)
组织结构图(organigram)
2.描述变化时(Describing Change)
(1)向上的趋势(Upward movement):
To increase/rise/go up
To grow/expand
To rocket/boom/soar
e.g. We increased sales。
We expanded our workforce。
We raised our prices。(注意:Raise是及物动词)
(2)向下的趋势(Downward movement)
To decrease/fall/drop/decline/go down
To slump/collapse/plummet/crash
注意:decrease和drop是及物动词
(3)不再变动(an end to movement)
To flatten out/ level off
(4)无变化(No change)
To remain constant/stable
To stay the same/ at the same level
To maintain/hold/keep
e.g. We need to hold our costs down. 我们需要保持低成本
3.变化的程度(Degree of change)
Dramatically/considerably/significantly/moderately/slightly
e.g. Sales have fallen considerably. 销售大幅度下降
Profits rose slightly. 利润缓慢上升
4.变化速度(Speed of change)
Rapidly/quickly/suddenly/gradually/steadily/slowly
e.g. Sales went up rapidly. 销售迅速增长
最低点:bottom 最高点the highest the top
有了以上词汇,在描述一幅图表的时候就有了更多的选择啦!
如何写好图表提示的英语作文
纵观近几年高考,英语书面表达大致分为材料作文、图表作文和开放作文。
且材料作文逐渐被图表作文取代,图表分析作文就是将数据、图像所包含的信息,转化为表意的说明文字。
图表分析作文通常比较复杂,学生不仅要弄清提示,还要看懂所给的图表和数据。
由于这类试题提示内容少,信息点分散,审题时一定要领会作者的出题意图,弄清主题再动笔:...
雅思图表作文范文
北外雅思学院老师为您解答:雅思A类图表作文题写作精华提炼分析精华雅思写作技巧.数据图:一、介绍段introduction:介绍段内容几乎完全不用创新,就是对题目文字部分的第二段做改写,paraphrase therubric。
所谓改写,要么换词,要么换句式。
例如:(I4-100) The charts below give information about travel to and from theUK and most (1) (2) popular countries for UK residents to visit.换词(1)图 The charts图:chart, graph, diagram(雅思写作中完全等价,无差别)线:line / curve chart柱图:bar / column graph饼:pie diagram表:table / statistics / figures(2)动词“表明”give information about介绍段是客观描述,用一般现在时态,give informationabout虽然在这篇作文中最好不再用,但是informallearning,随手学到的东东,留作其它文章再用。
替换的词语和结构很多,比如我常用的reveal / indicate /demonstrate,大家也可以选几个自己喜欢并且拼写准确的形成风格,年轻时多尝试,年纪大了就要形成风格啦,三个就够,多了白搭,还是那句话,博大不如精深。
第二段其余部分的替换因题而异,比如travel换成visit,theUK换成Britain(注意不是England,英格兰只是Britain的一部分),popular换成fashionable,country换成nation,UKresidents to visit换成UKtourists。
不过随着练习作文数量的增加,你会惊喜的发现,雅思图表作文,连描述的对象都是类似的。
最后要注意点细节,原文的“below”应省略,因为答题纸上没有图;而第二副图上标注的1999年,可以补充进介绍段。
对担心写不足词数的单图作文,甚至还可以“猥琐”的把特征点概括成一句话加入介绍段。
换句:(1)并列句:The line chart reveals that … and the bar graph indicates that…(分别描述两幅图,形成风格哦,第一幅图用chart,第二副图用graph,第一幅图reveal,第二副图indicate,也许你写的所有文章都类似,但考官只有机会欣赏一篇啊。
)(2)被动语态:… is revealed in the line chart and … is indicated in the bargraph.One possible answer:The line chart reveals visits to and from Britain and the bargraph indicates most fashionable nations for UK tourists in1999.二、主体段body:过渡:段首过渡词(1个)信息出处:According to the line chart,As is shown in the line chart,The line chart shows that …表示逻辑:On the other hand等等段内过渡词(1-2个)顺承:also, besides, in addition转折:however, on the other hand, conversely其它:meanwhile / in the same time, similarly, in particular
都是图表作文,考研英语2的大作文和雅思作文的难度相差大么?
标题是申论文章的灵魂细谈申论标题选取技巧申论及范文标题是申论文章的灵魂,确定标题是写申论文章的第一步,也是必须的,一、拟题的要求凡是成功的标题,基本上要做到贴切、鲜明、精练、具体、生动。
(一)、贴切贴切标题贴切有三层含义:第一层是题文一致,即标题对论题范围的概括、对中心论点的提炼、对态度倾向的表述应与评论的内容或思想相符。
第二层是词语的运用正确恰当,即标题制作谴词用字时,不可望文生义,也不可滥用辞藻。
第三层是题意确切妥帖,不会产生歧解或误解。
(二)、鲜明标题应当鲜明,提倡什么、反对什么、褒扬什么、针砭什么,都应当在题目中有所反映,也就是说,标题应该有立场、有观点、有态度、有倾向,切忌钝刀子割肉,不痛不痒。
(三)、精炼要做到精炼这一点,一是要结构简单,多用单行题;二是要文字简约,要言不烦。
(四)、生动生动标题形象生动发现重要。
生动的标题能够先声夺人,赋予文章以新意和活力,既能抓住受众,又让人过目难忘。
使标题生动的方法有多种:一是变换标题句式通过把陈述句变为假设句、疑问句或感叹句等,使评论标题具有浓郁的感情色彩。
“清山绿水”离我们远去谁之过?;"致富路"缘何成了"民怨路;教育(医疗)乱收费应向谁问责;"献礼工程"当休矣活用成语、谚语、俗语。
把成语谚语俗语等引入标题,直接引用或变化引用,既可以使标题言简意赅,还可以使标题别有新意。
一是直接引用,即把成语、谚语、俗语直接引入标题,借助于受众,认识评论所要分析的事物或问题;二是变化引用即在引用成语、谚语、俗语时,对文字进行一些细微的改动,使词义发生一定的变化,赋予词语以新的内涵。
莫要"亡羊"才"补牢" 三是巧用修辞手法 现代汉语的修辞手法有多种,常用的有比喻、比拟、借代、双关、对照、连珠等,这些手法都可以用于评论标题的制作。
再塑园丁形象----浅谈加强师德建设;书包在愤怒;“养命钱”不能乱用;“房虫儿”还能活多久二、拟标题时应注意的事项(一)、议论文的标题要反映文章的主要内容拟题目不要太大,即论述的内容不要太多。
一般议论文,往往需要集中论述一个问题,提出一个论点,题目就要反映文章论述的范围。
如果题目很大,论述的事物或者问题却很小,就会文不对题。
(二)、议论文的标题要醒目醒目的标题既要抓住内容要点,又要见解明了有时,为了使标题吸引人,可以摘取文中有代表性的片言只语或文中触及的某些引人注目的事实作标题,再用副标题介绍文章的主要内容或写作缘由,如:抓好民生之本贵在和衷共济-正确看待下岗失业现象;人类智慧的一座“灯塔”------深刻认识科学技术是第一生产力;生死抉择的考验-我们党有决心有能力解决腐败问题;安得广厦千万间-----加强经济适用房建设与管理;“救死扶伤”白衣天使的天责-----浅谈加强医德建设;再塑园丁形象----浅谈加强师德建设;还老百姓知情权-----浅谈价格听证制度的完善;变暗补为名算--------浅谈公务员住房货币化改革;公立医院的公益性不容改变-----浅谈医疗体制改革等。
(三)、比喻,俗称打比方,是指在描写某一事物或说明某一道理时用与它有相似点的事物或道理来说明,在各种修辞格中它是最为常见的一种。
比喻的主要作用在于用具体的描绘抽象的,以浅显的阐释深奥的,以熟悉的说明陌生的。
它利用形象思维的形式,使谴词造句含蓄委婉、意味无穷,能让人们借助使用者营造的意境,展开想象的翅膀,去形象而又深刻地体会使用者所表述的意思。
〈〈机遇就像一条河〉〉。
机遇之所以像一条河,是因为机遇就如同河一样不停的在你身边流淌着,对每个人都是公平的,关键在于你能否有眼力识别它,有没有能力抓住它。
这种比喻意在说明机遇是常见的,就看你能不能发现它,利用它。
〈〈莫要"亡羊"才"补牢"〉〉、〈〈别把百姓当“白鼠”〉〉、〈〈别把学生(病人)当“人质”〉〉、生产安全拒绝"带血的“GDP"
英语作文书信格式范文
1、感谢信假设你是李华,梁教授去年六月推荐你去悉尼大学深造,现在你已经被悉尼大学化学学院录取,请写封信向梁教授表示感谢。
范文如下:DearProfessor Liang,I am writing to extend my gratitude to you because with your help I am now astudent of Chemistry Department of Sydney University.Last June, when I applied to become a graduate student of Sydney University,you really gave me a lot of valuable help. You not only wrote a recommendation(推荐) forme to Professor Wells who works in the Sydney University but also gave mecareful and patient instructions on how to fill the application forms and writethe application letters.It is your unreserved(无保留的) help that enables me to obtain this splendid(极好的)opportunityof further education. For the following two years I will study hard toreciprocate(回报) your sincere help and expectations with excellent grades.Yours truly,Zhang Ying2、建议信假定你是李华,你所喜爱的GlobalMirror周报创刊五周年之际征集读者意见.请你依据以下内容给主编写封信,内容主要包括: 1.说明你是该报的忠实读者 2.说明该报优点:1)兼顾国内外新闻 2)介绍名人成功故事 3.提出建议: 刊登指导英语学习的文章范文DearEditor-in-Chief,Congratulationson the 5th anniversary of Global Mirror!I'ma regular reader of your newspaper. I like it so much that I hardly miss anycopy.Thereare many advantages of Global Mirror. Firstly, Global Mirror covers bothnational and international news.By simply turning the pages, I can know allimportant things that have happened both home and abroad. Besides, the successstories of world-famous people are also attractive to me, which help me learn alot from them. In a word, thanks to Global Mirror, we are well-informed andkeep up with the changing world.As ayoung student, I wish that I can be a master of English language. Therefore, Isuggest that Global Mirror provide articles about English learning for us.Finally,I hope that Global Mirror will become more and more popular. Thank you foryour time!Sincerely yours,Li Hua3、求助信假设你是李华,你的美国朋友Tom上个月来到北京学习。
七月份你将去北京参加暑期中学生英语演讲比赛 (speech contest),你在资料搜集、语言运用等方面遇到了困难。
请根据以下要点给Tom写一封电子邮件:1.询问Tom的生活和学习情况;2.谈谈你的困难并请Tom帮忙;3.告诉Tom你打算赛后去看他。
范文DearTom,Howis it going these days? I keep wondering how you feel about your school life inBeijing. Have you got used to the life in China? Are you enjoying your life? Ihope you are.Letme tell you a piece of good news: I'm going to take part in an English speechcontest of middle school students in July in the coming summer vacation. So I'mbusy preparing for it. But now I have some difficulty in collecting usefulinformation and using proper English word to express my thoughts. Besides, I really want to improve my spoken English, especially the pronunciationand intonation(语调). Of course, as a native English speaker, you can give me somesuggestions.Inaddition, I'm going to visit you after the contest. I'm sure we will have awonderful time together in Beijing! I can hardly wait to see you! I am lookingforward to your early reply.Yours,Li Hua4、投诉信你是李华,两周前你从网上一套书虫系列读物(Book worm Series)昨天才到货,且包装破损,数量不足。
请就此向网店客服写邮件投诉。
要点如下:1. 介绍购物情况2. 反映存在问题3. 提出解决方案范文Towhom it may concern,I amone of your customers(顾客). I ordered(订购)a set of(一套) Bookworm Series on your website two weeks ago, but I didn'treceive them until yesterday. And much to my disappointment, the books were sopoorly packed up that the cover of one book was torn. To make matters worse, itis not a complete set, as I found one book missing.I amsorry to have received such poor service, and I believe I have every right toask you to deal with this problem. I hope that you either return my money or delivera new set of books to me. Besides, I'd like to be informed of the process ofyour dealing with my complaint.Lookingforward to your reply.Sincerely,Li Hua5、祝贺信假如你是李华,你的好友魏芳在中学生英语演讲比赛中荣获一等奖。
请你根据以下内容,给她写一封祝贺信。
范文DearWei Fang,Ihear that you have won first prize in the English Speech Contest of Middle SchoolStudents, so I'm writing to give my sincere congratulations.Youdon't know how excited I was when I heard the good news. As your best friend, Iam proud of you! Your pronunciation and fluent English left me with deepimpression. It came as no surprise to me that you won the contest. Coul...
求各种类型的高中英语作文范文
作文模版精华模版1 some people believe (argue, recognize, think) that 观点1. but other people take an opposite side. they firmly believe that 观点2. as for me, i agree to the former/latter idea. there are a dozen of reasons behind my belief. first of all, 论据1. more importantly, 论据2. most important of all, 论据3. in summary, 总结观点. as a college student, i am supposed to 表决心. 或 from above, we can predict that 预测. 模版2 people hold different views about x. some people are of the opinion that 观点1, while others point out that 观点2. as far as i am concerned, the former/latter opinion holds more weight. for one thing, 论据1. for another, 论据2. last but not the least, 论据3. to conclude, 总结观点. as a college student, i am supposed to 表决心. 或 from above, we can predict that 预测. 模版3 there is no consensus of opinions among people about x(争论的焦点)。
some people are of the view that 观点1,while others take an opposite side, firmly believing that 观点2。
as far as i am concerned, the former/latter notion is preferable in many senses. the reasons are obvious. first of all, 论据1。
furthermore, 论据2。
among all of the supporting evidences, one is the strongest. that is, 论据3。
a natural conclusion from the above discussion is that总结观点。
as a college student, i am supposed to 表决心. 或 from above, we can predict that 预测.1)We should take some effective measures. 2)We should try our best to overcome(con quer)the difficulties. 3)We should do our utmost in doing sth. 4)We should solve the problems that we are confronted(faced)with.11.表示结论 1)In short,it can be said that... 2)It may be briefly summed up as follows. 3)From what has been mentioned above,we can come to the conclusion that ...12.套语 1)It's well known to us that ... 2)As is known to us,... 3)This is a topic that is being widely talked about. 4)From the graph(table,chart)listed above,it can be seen that ... 5)As aproverb says,“Where there is a will,there is a way.)开篇 1) Many nations have been faced with the problem of ... 2) Recently the problem has been brought into focus. 3) Recently the phenomenon has become a heated topic. 4) Recently the issue has aroused great concern among ... 5) Nowadays there is a growing concern over ... 6) Never in our history has the idea that ... been so popular. 7) Faced with ..., quite a few people argue that ... 8) According to a recent survey, ... 9) With the rapid development of ..., ... 八)结尾 1) From what has been discussed above, we can draw the conclusion that ... 2) It is high time that strict measures were taken to stop ... 3) It is necessary that steps should be taken to ... 4) In conclusion, it is imperative that ... 5) There is no easy method, but ...might be of some help. 6) To solve the above-mentioned problem, we must ... 7) In summary, if we continue to ignore the above-mentioned issue, more problems will crop up. 8) With the efforts of all parts concerned, the problem will be solved thoroughly. 9) We might do more than identify the cause ; it is important to take actions to ... 10) Taking all these into account, we ... 11) Whether it is good or not /positive or negative, one thing is certain/clear...二、用于描写图表和数据 1. It has increased by three times as compared with that of 1998. 2. There is an increase of 20% in total this year. 3. It has been increased by a factor of 4since 1995. 4. It would be expected to increase 5 times. 5. The table shows a three times increase over that of last year. 6. It was decreased twice than that of the year 1996. 7. The total number was lowered by 10%. 8. It rose from 10-15 percent of the total this year. 9. Compared with 1997, it fell from 15 to 10 percent. 10. The number is 5 times as much as that of 1995. 11. It has decreased almost two and half times, compared with… 三、用于解释性和阐述性论说文 1.Everybody knows that… 2.It can be easily proved that… 3. It is true that… 4. No one can deny that 5. One thing which is equally important to the above mentioned is… 6. The chief reason is that… 7. We must recognize that… 8. There is on doubt that… 9. I am of the opinion that… 10. This can be expressed as follows; 11. To take …for an example… 12. We have reason to believe that 13. Now that we know that… 14. Among the most convincing reasons given, one should be mentioned… 15. The change in …largely results from the fact that 16. There are several causes for this significant growth in…,first …,second …,finally…17. A number of factors could account for the development in… 18. Perhaps the primary reason is… 19. It is chiefly responsible of… 20. The reasons for…are complicated, And probably they are ...
正规论文格式的范文?
http://www.joxue.com/fanwen/f1/diaochabaogao/就学网 >> 论文资料 >> 调查报告范文 这里去看看,有很多!农业税制改革的原则 1、要从重收入功能转向重调控功能。
自实行分税制财政体制以来,农业特产税成为地方财政收入中最具潜力的主体税种,为保支出,一些地方在征收任务上层层加码,使税收任务严重超越税源。
有的地方为保任务,甚至采取宁乎摊税负的办法。
这种情况导致税收的调控职能严重扭曲,农民不合理负担减而不轻很大程度上就是这种税制结构的产物。
因此,改革现行农业税制,必须首先调整改革的出发点,实行税收调控职能的“归位”。
具体而言:一是要体现对土地(耕地)资源的保护功能。
土地是农民的衣食之源,是农民赖以生存的“资本”,保护土地,对农民的生存、对农业的发展有着特殊的意义。
我国把保护土地,促进土地的合理开发利用作为一项长期的基本国策,农业税制改革,要有利于这一政策宗旨的贯彻、落实。
二是公平税负。
农村税费改革是减轻农民负担的有效途径,从各地试点的情况看,试点地方农民的负担确实有明显减轻,但是税负不公平的状况并没有得到根本性的扭转,突出表现在两方面:其一,税费改革政策以“土地”为核心,多田多税,少田少税,没田无税,不利于调动种田的积极性,诱发了新的“抛荒”,这种情况在试点地方都不同程度地存在。
其二,“低产高税”、“低收(入)高税”的现象比较普遍。
浙江省文成县巨屿镇人均耕地0.297亩,人均收入2052元;里阳乡人均耕地0.42亩,人均收入1820元。
费改税前两乡人均负担分别是22.91元和23.81元,相差仅0.9元;费改税后,巨屿镇人均负担15.03元,下降34.3%,而里阳乡人均负担为26.81元,反而递增了12.5%,两者相差11.78元。
税费改革试点之所以会造成新的税负不公,根本原因就在于新的政策对现行农业税制一些不合理的因素,如常年产量、计税土地面积的计量等没有作出根本性的改革,制度的“局部调整”无法承担起“公平税负”的重任。
2.要注重税制体系的统一与公平。
我国经济发展的二元特征,导致城乡税制呈现出工商税制与农业税制并存的二元结构特点。
这种带有“人为”因素的税制结构,是计划经济、二元经济的产物,与入世后税制统一的要求不相适应。
建立统一、公平的税制体系,促进贸易自由化、消除市场分割,是WTO对我国税制改革的基本要求。
因此,农业税制改革要按照税制统一的要求,按照对纳税人实行平等国民待遇的WTO规则,逐步实行与工商税制的并轨,从而为外资进入农业领域扫清障碍。
3、要与土地流转、人口流动、农业生产产品多变的状况相适应。
引导农业人口合理流向城镇或从事非农产业,实行土地向种田大户集中,推进农业规模经营,是提高农业生产效益,实现农业现代化的需要。
因此,农业税制改革要能有利于引导、推动土地的适度集中,有利于鼓励农业人口转向非农产业,使农业生产摆脱“小农经济”的困扰,早日走上专业化、产业化、现代化的轨道。
4、要有利于实现对收入分配的合理调节。
现行农业税制以农业税、农业特产税为主体税种,其对农业收入分配的对象是农业生产经营的总收入(毛收入),纳税人的农业生产经营成本、费用、损失等支出均不能在税前扣除,导致农业税收不能真正体现纳税人的税收负担能力。
农税凋控功能的相对僵化,使农业产业内行业收入差别与农产之间贫富差别的调节陷入“盲区”,不符合税收的量能负担原则。
据湖北省有关部门对典型农业县市30户农户税费负担的调查资料显示,1999年,30户农户出售粮棉油猪及外出打工货币收入102648元,农药、化肥、种子开支34025元,各种税费45614元,以货币收入扣出成本开支,上缴各种税费后,盈余23009元,再减去外出打工收入24700元,30产农户的农业收入为亏本1691元,亩平亏本12.1元。
农业比较效益差,种田亏本,不仅影响到农业及农村的稳定,而且已经严重威胁到国家的粮食安全。
二、构建“资源+收益”双重调节的农业税制的主要内容 对现行农业税制改革的基本思路是:取消农业税、农业特产税、耕地占用税和各种附加,设立土地资源税,开征农业收入增值税,对高收入农产或农业生产企业(或农场主)开征所得税,积极推进农业税制和工商税制的“并轨”,从而建立全国统一的税制体系。
(一)土地资源税 具体做法是:将现行耕地占用税与城镇土地使用税“合二为一”(以下简称二税),统一开征土地资源税,实行分档固定税额,按年征收。
土地是一种资源。
在市场经济条件下,每一寸土地的使用都是有偿的,单位或个人使用国有土地,缴纳税收,乃天经地义,也容易为社会接受。
现行城镇土地使用税与耕地占用税,实行城乡分征,带有很大的“人为因素”,既不规范,也不利于保护土地资源。
事实上,“二税”皆源于同一资源——土地,都是使用国有土地资源(城乡土地资源最终产权均归属国家)所付出的“代价”。
统一开展土地资源税,以税率或单位土地税额高低来调节土地使用者的成本或收益,有利于贯彻土地管理政策,有利于根据国家的产业政策实行灵活、有效的宏观调控。
(二)农...
英语议论文格式
一、正反观点式议论文万能句(对比观点型)作文框架模版给出观点——正反观点二选一(有的人认为,有的人认为,你的观点)There is a widespread concern over the issue that________(作文题目)But it is well known that the opinion concerning this hot topic varies from person to person. (开头一般题目给出)The majority think that________(观点一). First of all,________(原因一).Furthermore, ________(原因二). So it goes without saying that________(观点一).People,however,differ in their opinions on this matter.Some people hold the view that________(观点二). On the one hand,________(原因一). On the other hand,________(原因二). Therefore, there is no doubt that ________(观点二)As far as I am concerned, I firmly support the view that观点一或二.It is not only because ________(原因一), but also because ________.(原因二)It's high time that________. (喊口号) Only in this way eventually can we ________(支持这一观点的结果)模版译文:有一个广泛引起关注的问题________。
但众所周知有关这个热点话题的观点因人而异。
绝大多数人认为________。
首先,________。
而且,________。
因此不言而喻________。
然而在这个话题上人们的观点各不相同。
有的人持有的观点是________。
一方面,________。
另一方面,________。
因此,毫无疑问________。
就我而言,我强烈支持________的观点。
不仅因为________,还因为________。
该是________的时候了。
只有这样我们最终才能________。
二、“A或者B”类议论文万能句:(说明利弊型)作文框架模版:说明某一事物的优缺点及自己的看法Nowadays many people prefer A because it has a significant role in our daily life.Generally speaking, its advantages can be seen as follows. First of all ,________(A的优点之一).Moreover,________(A的优点之二).Besides ,________(A的优点之三)But every coin has two sides. The negative aspects are also apparent. One of the important disadvantages is that ________(A的第一个缺点).To make matters worse, ________(A的第二个缺点).Through above analyses, I believe that the positive aspects overweigh the negative ones. Therefore, I would like to________ (我的看法).或者(From the comparison between these positive and negative effects of A, we should take it reasonably and do it according to the circumstances we are in. Only by this way, (对前景的预测).模版译文:现如今很多人更喜欢A,因为它在我们生活中扮演了一个重要的角色。
总的来说。
他的优点如下。
首先________。
而且,________。
除此之外,________。
但凡事都有利有弊,消极的一面也是很明显的。
最重要的缺点是________。
更糟糕的是________通过以上分析,我认为积极的一面胜过消极的一面。
因此,我更喜欢________。
三、观点论述类议论文万能句:(现象说明型)作文框架模版现象说明型:说明某一现象及其产生的原因和自己的看法Nowadays, there are more and more ________ (某种现象) in ________ (某种场合). It is estimated that________ (相关数据). Why have there been so many ________ (某种现象)? Maybe the reasons can be listed as follows. To begin with, ________ (原因一). Besides, (原因二). Last but not least, ________ (原因三).Personally, the main cause of ________ (某种现象) is due to ________ (最主要原因). It is high time that something were done upon it. For one thing,________ (解决办法一). For another, ________ (解决办法二). All these measures will certainly reduce the amount of ________ (某种现象).模版译文:现如今在________(某种场合) 有越来越多的________。
(某种现象) 据统计,________。
为神马有如此多的________?也许原因如下。
首先,________。
除此之外,________。
最后但同样重要的是,________。
我认为,引起________的主要原因是________。
该是时候采取些措施了。
一方面,________。
另一方面,________。
所有这些措施都将会解决________。
阐述主题型:要求从一句话或一个主题出发,按照提纲的要求进行论述.四、"How to"类议论文万能句:(问题解决型)作文框架模版模版①要求考生列举出解决问题的多种途径 1.问题现状 2.怎样解决(解决方案的优缺点)In recent days, we have to face a problem________A, which , surprisingly , is becoming more and more serious. First of all, ________(说明A的现状).Secondly, ________(举例进一步说明现状)Confronted with A, we should take a series of effective measures to cope with the situation. For one thing,________(解决方法一). For another, ________(解决方法二). Finally, ________解决方法三).Personally, I believe that ________(我的解决方法). Con...
有哪些常见的原因分析 英语 范文
我有一个小本子上总结有所有类型,不知道该怎么写给你。
比较多,如果要详细的话。
只有一个框架和类型。
(1)分析别人的看法和我的看法(2)分析问题,分析意义(3)分析原因和我的选择(4)分析不同观点和我的看法(5)叙述事件和发生原因(6)分析作用和分析取胜方法(7)分析现象,解决办法和原因(8)分析正反观点和我的看法(9)竞选演讲词(10)导游词(11)给同学,同辈回信并提建议(12)给校长上级建议(13)图表作文 追问: 谢谢…我在福州。
不知道你有在这读书没?大点我还是知道的,就是不太会写… 回答: 首先,条理清晰,让人一目了然你的思路。
然后,少犯语法错误,如果不会写,就退而求其次,写稍微简单的。
毕竟,语法错误是很不好的。
但是你最好自己把以前做得四级真题作文反复揣摩,里面好的句型很多。
再次,你应该记得有些亮点词汇,如,vitally important ,表达非常重要,而indispensable 表达不可缺少的。
总之,能帮到你自己的永远只有你自己,还有四天,好好突击一下,应该有收获的。
追问: 谢谢…你认识我吗?谢谢,真的 回答: 不认识啊,我浙江嘉兴的。
追问: 哎呀呀,去年我还去过类。
我哥就在哪里。
回答: 汗!
英语的写信格式
[英语写信的格式]1. 信头(heading)信头包括写信人地址和写信日期,通常写在信笺的右上角,英语写信的格式[智库|专题]。
在比较熟识的朋友之间的通信,写信人的地址常可略去。
日期通常有下列两种定法:1.1 月、日、年:如august 15, 200__1.2. 日、月、年:如15th august, 200__地址的写法通常是由小到大,如:门牌号、街道名、市(县)名、省名、国名(邮政编码通 常写在城市名之后)。
这同中文书信的地址写法完全相反。
地址可以写1~3行,日期写在地址的下方。
2. 称呼(salutation)称呼指写信人对收信人的称呼,如dear xiaojun,写在信头的下方和信笺的左边。
称呼一般用dear…或my dear…开头,称呼后一般用逗号。
3. 正文(body)这是书信的主体部分,即写信人要表达的内容。
正文要求文字通顺,层次分明,表意清楚。
可以手书,也可以打写。
4. 结束语(complimentary close)它是书信结尾的恭维话,相当于文中书信最后的“祝好”、“致礼”之类的话语。
5. 签名(signature)签名通常签在结束语下方的中间偏右的位置,即使是打写机打出的信件,最后仍需亲笔签名。
在签名的上方可根据写信人和收信人的关系写上sincerely yours/yours sincerely(用于长辈或朋友之间),或respectfully yours/yours respectfully(用于对长辈或上级)。
商务信函的要求有所不同。
商业英文书信,一般都要求用打字机或电脑整齐地打印,左边各行开头垂直的,称为垂直式或齐头式(block style),美国常用这种格式;每段的第一个词缩进去,称为缩进式或锯齿式(indented style),英国常用此格式,垂直式的职务及签名都在左边的边栏界线,这种格式,在极度尊重工作效率的美国公司,已普遍采用。
正式的商业英语书信要在称呼的上方写上收信公司名称和地址或收信人的名字全称、职务及地址,称为信内地址(inside address)。
信内地址的写法也有垂直式和缩进式之分,垂直式和称美国式将各行并列,缩进式或称英国式将各行依次退缩。
不过,近来英国商业书信信内地址并未依次缩进,似乎与美国式相同。
此外,在美国还流行一种普通收信人地址的写法,就是在书信的inside address中,把门牌号和街名都省略掉。
在英文书信中要使用敬语,最普遍的敬语是mr, mrs和miss(用于未婚女性)。
英国人常在男性的姓名之后用esq. (esquire的缩写),不过在商业上也在慢慢地改用mr. mmes. (madam的复数形式),用于二个女士以上。
messrs(mr的复数形式)用于二个以上的男人,或用于二个以上的男人组成的公司或团体。
在英国式英文信里,mr, mrs, messrs,均不加缩写句点,相反地趋向于进步自由的美语反而加缩写句点如mr., mrs., messrs……在称呼方面,商业上最普遍的有gentlemen(美国式)与dear sirs(英国式)二种,相当于我国的"敬启者"或"谨启者".如果信是写给革个公司单位的,不是写给某个具体人的,美语用gentlemen(复数形式),英语用dear sirs.如果对方公司只一人时,必须使用sir/dear sir.称呼后一般要使用标点符号,英国式采用逗号“,”(comma),美国式用分号“;”(colon)。
书信结尾客套语(complimentary close)有多种,相当于我国书信在结尾时使用的"敬礼"、"致敬"、"顺安"等句。
最为典型的美国式写法是sincerely和best regards,典型的英国式表达有yours sincerely(熟人或知道对方姓名),best wishes, kind regards 和yours faithfully(不知姓名)。
此外,英国式的客套语还有特别礼貌的格式,但除了特殊情况外,现在不再使用。
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