请你说娟姐吉祥
范文一：高级英语与张汉熙
张汉熙与《高级英语》
一提到张汉熙，人们就会想到他主编的《高级英语》。有时我想，如果没有《高级英语》，社会上会有多少人知道张汉熙的名字呢？大概不会很多吧。
其实我没有上过 张老师的课，只是在五年级（当时北外本科为五年制）写毕业论文时，起初他是我的指导教师，论文题目都讨论过了，但后来却没有指导成，原因是系里把我分给了新来的新西兰专家。
**复课后，我和张老师同在高年级教研室，教精读课。我们小组每周集体备课，有问题时大家都不约而同地抛向张老师，他几乎没有被什么问题难倒过。他的英语如此精深，是不足为奇的，因为英语是他的母语。张汉熙于1921年出生印度，母亲为印度人，父亲是中国人。1942年毕业于印度加尔各答大学（注：加尔各答大学创建于1857年，是印度3所历史最悠久、规模最大的综合性大学之一。被NAAC评价为五星级大学。2005年，加尔各答大学在Times评出的全球最佳人文大学中排名第39位）。1948年回国执教。曾在辅仁大学任教，解放后分到华北革大（华北革命军政大学）研究院，与许多其他教师调到北京外国语学院。70年代末，系里决定把多年选用的高年级精读教材编辑成书，这个任务交给张汉熙老师。他的确是最佳人选，不仅因为他一直教授此课，积累了丰富宝贵的教学经验，而且他精通英语，有外国专家的优势。同时，系里分配我担任他的助手。我负责给张老师收集资料、查资料、设计练习、打字、校对等种种杂活，凡是书中涉及中文的工作都由我完成。《高级英语》凝聚了张老师的教学经验，通过这本教科书他成功地总结和体现了北外所遵循的英语阅读教学理念和传统：即通过阅读有语言难度和思想深度的原文提高学生的阅读理解能力，打下牢固的阅读功底，增强对语言的敏感，激发思考，学会分析和欣赏文本，吸收语言之精华，通过学习语言扩大知识面。1980年《高级英语》上下册由商务印书馆出版，立即成为全国许多高等院校英语系高年级的首选教材。1995年出版修订版，由外研社出品。 《高级英语》曾获北京市和国家级优秀教材奖，自1995年至2010年印刷40次，并评为“60年60本最具影响力英语教育出版物。”张汉熙的名字也因此从北外传到了全国。这次我修订新版《高级英语》，重读了张老师的教师用书第二册。每一篇课文分析之深刻中肯、文字之优雅流畅实在令人折服，深感他的英语功力之高是难以企及的。
在我与张老师的接触中，我深感他对语言十分敏锐，有着极强的判断能力，一篇文章好在何处，又有什么缺陷，他都一清二楚，选出的教材有很高的语言及思想价值。他的记忆力也超好。张老师的藏书不多，字典也就那么几部，但他脑子里装了很多东西，下笔很有把握。在我看来，他本人就是活字典，活的百科全书。其实有此看法的不止我一人，许多晚辈都时常求教张老师，问题有大有小，从文章内容到一个句子的语法结构，一个词的用法，我们是不敢拿这些琐碎问题打扰其他老教授的，而张老师一向是来者不拒，无论在备课会上还是登门拜访，他都有问必答，耐心讲解，这种免费咨询延续终身。在我们眼里张老师很有长者风范。和其他老教授比，张老师似乎不够勤奋，也许他想反正没有机会搞科研和教研究生课，以他掌握的英语，教教本科是绰绰有余的，所以，闲暇时，他多半是喝茶下棋，他的棋友主要是薄冰。薄冰教授乃知名英语语法家，《薄冰语法》
在学习英语者人群中几乎人手一册。可张老师说，下棋之余，薄冰经常问他关于语法的问题。连薄冰都求教于张老师，可见他的厉害。
在这十几年中，我从张老师那里学到了太多的东西，我所写的每一条注释或练习，他都一一认真审阅，逐字修改。张老师不仅教会我如何编写教材，使我的英语水平有了显著提高，而且我们结下忘年交，他有什么话都跟我说。工作之余，我们常聊到系里的事。他告诉我，英语系能人云集，他得不到应有的地位，因为他不是英美留学归国派，也不是牛津剑桥金牌大学出身，所以系里搞科研、教研究生课没有他的份。张老师虽然对怀才不遇颇有怨言，但仍能达观地面对现实。张老师数十年的教学生涯都默默奉献给高年级教学。他的学生说，张老师的丰富知识，流利无瑕的口语，以及他的风趣幽默和飞扬的神采，使得学生得以在无比享受的过程中学到了英语，张老师的精读课堪称一绝。
张老师的睿智也留给我深刻的印象。张老师是中印混血儿、海外华侨，在那个阶级斗争为纲的时代，他非但不被重用，而且成为不可靠因素、怀疑对象。在当时的政治环境中，他知道如何自我保护，以免遭受政治运动的牵连。他告诉我，57年反右，英语系好几位耿直的教师被打成右派。校党委书记亲自上门找他谈话，动员他给党提意见帮助党整风。但觉察形势复杂，还是沉默为上策，便推说没有意见。在党委书记一再催促下，他只好提了一条不痛不痒的生活方面的小建议，躲避了当 “引蛇出洞”策略牺牲品的命运。
就我所知，张老师家的经济状况不宽裕，他的妻子是家庭妇女，有四个孩子，一人的工资要支撑一大家子的生活实在不易。张老师城里有家，但他平时不回去，住在学校分配的筒子楼一间十二平米的小屋里，从沙洋干校回京后分到一个小两居室，屋里没有一件像样的家具，只有一张硕大的书桌显示屋的主人是个知识分子。张老师晚年因腰病频发，大女儿一家三口搬来照顾他，他打了报告，得到批准才搬到一个大两居室。张汉熙教授的生活和普通老百姓一样清苦。他这个海外华侨唯一保留了爱吃咖喱的习惯，每次到他家都能闻到咖喱的味道。1983年我去美国做访问学者，临走前张老师请我和朱永涛到他家吃饭，老先生亲自下厨，准备了一桌菜为我送行，那咖喱的香味飘满了房间。十几年来，我和朱永涛成了张老师最信任的人，每次稿费下来，他都把银行存折交给我或朱永涛，取后直接存入银行。1999年张老师和朱永涛先后住进医院，我忙于看护丈夫没有去看望张老师，每每带去问候，他都传话不让我去医院探视，还嘱咐我好好照顾丈夫，并说；“我年纪老了，走了就走了，可小朱还年轻就得了这样重的病，太可惜了。”这是张老师留给我最后的话。
当年张汉熙老师回国，不到三十岁就被聘为英语教授，肯定是想大展身手，但在相当长的时期里，他感到无用武之地。好在后来《高级英语》给了他施展才华的机会，弥补了他的遗憾。
北外 王立礼
范文二：张汉熙与《高级英语》
一提到张汉熙，人们就会想到他主编的《高级英语》。有时我想，如果没有《高级英语》，社会上会有多少人知道张汉熙的名字呢？大概不会很多吧。
其实我没有上过张老师的课，只是在五年级（当时北外本科为五年制）写毕业论文时，起初他是我的指导教师，论文题目都讨论过了，但后来却没有指导成，原因是系里把我分给了新来的新西兰专家。
**复课后，我和张老师同在高年级教研室，教精读课。我们小组每周集体备课，有问题时大家都不约而同地抛向张老师，他几乎没有被什么问题难倒过。他的英语如此精深，是不足为奇的，因为英语是他的母语。张汉熙于1921年出生印度，母亲为印度人，父亲是中国人。1942年毕业于印度加尔各答大学（注：加尔各答大学创建于1857年，是印度3所历史最悠久、规模最大的综合性大学之一。被NAAC评价为五星级大学。2005年，加尔各答大学在Times评出的全球最佳人文大学中排名第39位）。1948年回国执教。曾在辅仁大学任教，解放后分到华北革大（华北革命军政大学）研究院，与许多其他教师调到北京外国语学院。70年代末，系里决定把多年选用的高年级精读教材编辑成书，这个任务交给张汉熙老师。他的确是最佳人选，不仅因为他一直教授此课，积累了丰富宝贵的教学经验，而且他精通英语，有外国专家的优势。同时，系里分配我担任他的助手。我负责给张老师收集资料、查资料、设计练习、打字、校对等种种杂活，凡是书中涉及中文的工作都由我完成。《高级英语》凝聚了张老师的教学经验，通过这本教科书他成功地总结和体现了北外所遵循的英语阅读教学理念和传统：即通过阅读有语言难度和思想深度的原文提高学生的阅读理解能力，打下牢固的阅读功底，增强对语言的敏感，激发思考，学会分析和欣赏文本，吸收语言之精华，通过学习语言扩大知识面。1980年《高级英语》上下册由商务印书馆出版，立即成为全国许多高等院校英语系高年级的首选教材。1995年出版修订版，由外研社出品。《高级英语》曾获北京市和国家级优秀教材奖，自1995年至2010年印刷40次，并评为“60年60本最具影响力英语教育出版物。”张汉熙的名字也因此从北外传到了全国。这次我修订新版《高级英语》，重读了张老师的教师用书第二册。每一篇课文分析之深刻中肯、文字之优雅流畅实在令人折服，深感他的英语功力之高是难以企及的。
在我与张老师的接触中，我深感他对语言十分敏锐，有着极强的判断能力，一篇文章好在何处，又有什么缺陷，他都一清二楚，选出的教材有很高的语言及思想价值。他的记忆力也超好。张老师的藏书不多，字典也就那么几部，但他脑子里装了很多东西，下笔很有把握。在我看来，他本人就是活字典，活的百科全书。其实有此看法的不止我一人，许多晚辈都时常求教张老师，问题有大有小，从文章内容到一个句子的语法结构，一个词的用法，我们是不敢拿这些琐碎问题打扰其他老教授的，而张老师一向是来者不拒，无论在备课会上还是登门拜访，他都有问必答，耐心讲解，这种免费咨询延续终身。在我们眼里张老师很有长者风范。和其他老教授比，张老师似乎不够勤奋，也许他想反正没有机会搞科研和教研究生课，以他掌握的英语，教教本科是绰绰有余的，所以，闲暇时，他多半是喝茶下棋，他的棋友主要是薄冰。薄冰教授乃知名英语语法家，《薄冰语法》在学习英语者人群中几乎人手一册。可张老师说，下棋之余，薄冰经常问他关于语法的问题。连薄冰都求教于张老师，可见他的厉害。
在这十几年中，我从张老师那里学到了太多的东西，我所写的每一条注释或练习，他都一一认真审阅，逐字修改。张老师不仅教会我如何编写教材，使我的英语水平有了显著提高，而且我们结下忘年交，他有什么话都跟我说。工作之余，我们常聊到系里的事。他告诉我，英语系能人云集，他得不到应有的地位，因为他不是英美留学归国派，也不是牛津剑桥金牌大学出身，所以系里搞科研、教研究生课没有他的份。张老师虽然对怀才不遇颇有怨言，但仍能达观地面对现实。张老师数十年的教学生涯都默默奉献给高年级教学。他的学生说，张老师的丰富知识，流利无瑕的口语，以及他的风趣幽默和飞扬的神采，使得学生得以在无比享受的过程中学到了英语，张老师的精读课堪称一绝。
张老师的睿智也留给我深刻的印象。张老师是中印混血儿、海外华侨，在那个阶级斗争为纲的时代，他非但不被重用，而且成为不可靠因素、怀疑对象。在当时的政治环境中，他知道如何自我保护，以免遭受政治运动的牵连。他告诉我，57年反右，英语系好几位耿直的教师被打成右派。校党委书记亲自上门找他谈话，动员他给党提意见帮助党整风。但觉察形势复杂，还是沉默为上策，便推说没有意见。在党委书记一再催促下，他只好提了一条不痛不痒的生活方面的小建议，躲避了当“引蛇出洞”策略牺牲品的命运。
就我所知，张老师家的经济状况不宽裕，他的妻子是家庭妇女，有四个孩子，一人的工资要支撑一大家子的生活实在不易。张老师城里有家，但他平时不回去，住在学校分配的筒子楼一间十二平米的小屋里，从沙洋干校回京后分到一个小两居室，屋里没有一件像样的家具，只有一张硕大的书桌显示屋的主人是个知识分子。张老师晚年因腰病频发，大女儿一家三口搬来照顾他，他打了报告，得到批准才搬到一个大两居室。张汉熙教授的生活和普通老百姓一样清苦。他这个海外华侨唯一保留了爱吃咖喱的习惯，每次到他家都能闻到咖喱的味道。1983年我去美国做访问学者，临走前张老师请我和朱永涛到他家吃饭，老先生亲自下厨，准备了一桌菜为我送行，那咖喱的香味飘满了房间。十几年来，我和朱永涛成了张老师最信任的人，每次稿费下来，他都把银行存折交给我或朱永涛，取后直接存入银行。1999年张老师和朱永涛先后住进医院，我忙于看护丈夫没有去看望张老师，每每带去问候，他都传话不让我去医院探视，还嘱咐我好好照顾丈夫，并说；“我年纪老了，走了就走了，可小朱还年轻就得了这样重的病，太可惜了。”这是张老师留给我最后的话。
当年张汉熙老师回国，不到三十岁就被聘为英语教授，肯定是想大展身手，但在相当长的时期里，他感到无用武之地。好在后来《高级英语》给了他施展才华的机会，弥补了他的遗憾。
范文三：【最新编排】张汉熙《高级英语》第二册PARAPHRASE答案
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??????. We' re ??3 feet above sea level.
??????. The house has been here since ??9??5, and no hurricane has ever caused any damage to it.
????3. We can make the necessary preparations and survive the hurricane without much damage.
????4. Water got into the generator and put it out. It stopped producing electricity, so the lights also went out. ????5. Everybody go out through the back door and run to the cars.
????6. The electrical systems in the car had been put out by water.
????7. As John watched the water inch its way up the steps, he felt a strong sense of guilt because he blamed himself for endangering the whole family by deciding not to flee inland. ????8. ()h God, please help us to get through this storm safely. ????9. Grandmother Koshak sang a few words alone and then her voice gradually grew dimmer and stopped.
??????0. Janis displayed rather late the exhaustion brought about by the nervous tension caused by the hurricane.
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IV. ??. The buring-ground is nothing more than a huge piece of wasteland full of mounds of earth looking like a deserted and abandoned piece of land on which a building was going to be put up.
?? ??. All the imperialists build up their empires by treating the people in the colonies like animals (by not treating the people in the colonies as human beings).
?? 3. They are born. Then for a few years they work, toil and starve. Finally they die and are buried in graves without a name.
?? 4. Sitting with his legs crossed and using a very old-fashioned lathe, a carpenter quickly gives a round shape to the chair-legs he is making.
?? 5. Immediately from their dark hole-like cells everywhere a great number of Jews rushed out wildly excited. ?? 6. Every one of these poor Jews looked on the cigarette as a piece of luxury which they could not possibly afford.
?? 7. However, a white-skinned European is always quite noticeable.
?? 8. If you take a look at the natural scenery in a tropical region, you see everything but the human beings.
?? 9. No one would think of organizing cheap trips for the tourists to visit the poor slum areas (for these trips 4??V????????. would not be interesting)??
?? ??0??life is very hard for ninety percent of the people??With hard backbreaking toil they can produce a little food on the poor soil??
?? ??????She took it for granted that as an old woman she was the lowest in the community??that??she was only fit for doing heavy work like an animal??
?? ??????People with brown skins are almost invisible?? ?? ??3??The Senegales soldiers were wearing ready-made khaki uniforms which hid their beautiful well-built bodies?? ?? ??4??How much longer before they turn their guns around and attack us???
?? ??5??Every white man??the onlookers??the officers on their horses and the white N??C??Os??marching with the black soldiers??had this thought hidden somewhere or other in his mind??
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????????And conversation is an activity which is found only among human beings??(Animals and birds are not capable of conversation??)
????????Conversation is not for persuading others to accept our idea or point of view??
?? ????3?? In fact a person who really enjoys and is skilled at conversation will not argue to win or force others to accept his point of view??
????4??People who meet each other for a drink in the bar of a pub are not intimate friends for they are not deeply absorbed or engrossed in each other's lives??
????5?? The conversation could go on without anybody knowing who was right or wrong??
????6?? These animals are called cattle when they are alive and feeding in the fields??but when we sit down at the table to eat??we call their meat beef??
????7?? The new ruling class by using French instead of English made it difficult for the English to accept or absorb the culture of the??rulers??
????8??The English language received proper recognition and was used by the King once more??
????9?? The phrase??the King's English??has always been used disrespectfully and jokingly by the lower classes?? The working people very often make fun of the proper and formal language of the educated people??
??????0?? There still exists in the working people??as in the early Saxon peasants??a spirit of opposition to the cultural authority of the ruling class??
?????????? There is always a great danger that we might forget that words are only symbols and take them for things they are supposed to represent??For example??the word "dog" is a symbol representing a kind of animal??We mustn't regard the word "dog" as being the animal itself??
?????????? Even the most educated and literate people do not use standard??formal English all the time in their conversation??
μú????
??. Our ancestors fought a revolutionary war to maintain that all men were created equal and God had given them certain unalienable rights which no state or ruler could take away from them. But today this issue has not yet been decided in many countries around the world.
?? ??. This much we promise to do and we promise to do more. ?? 3. United and working together we can accomplish a lot of things in a great number of joint undertakings.
?? 4. We will not allow any enemy country to subvert this peaceful revolution which brings hope of progress to all our countries.
?? 5. The United Nations is our last and best hope of survival in an age where the instruments of war have far surpassed the instruments of peace.
?? 6. We pledge to help the United Nations enlarge the area in which its authority and mandate would continue to be in effect or in force.
?? 7. before the terrible forces of destruction, which science can now release, overwhelm mankind; before this
self-destruction, which may be planned or brought about by an accident, takes place
?? 8. Yet both groups of nations are trying to change as quickly as possible this uncertain balance of terrible military power which restrains each group from launching mankind's final war. ?? 9. So let us start once again (to discuss and negotiate)and let us remember that being polite is not a sign of weakness. ??0. Let both sides try to call forth the wonderful things that science can do for mankind instead of the frightful things it can do.
?? ????. Americans of every generation have been called upon to prove their loyalty to their country (by fighting and dying for their country's cause).
?? ????.Let history finally judge whether we have done our task welt or not, but our sure reward will be a good con-science for we will have worked sincerely and to the best of our ability.
μúáù??
IV. ??. Science is engaged in the task of making its basic concepts understood and accepted by scientists all over the world.
??. The car model, called Fiesta, seems to have disappeared completely.
3. The idea of a world car is similar to the idea of having a world style for architecture. /As architecture was moving toward a common International Style, it was natural for the automobile to do the same.
4. Things that are happening in auto making are similar to those happening in architecture.
5. The modern man no longer has very distint individual traits shaped by a special environment and culture??
6??The disadvantage of being a cosmopolitan is that he loses a home in the old sense of the world??
7??The benefit of being a cosmopolitan is that he begins to think the old kind of home probably restricts his development and activities??
8??The compelling force of technology to universalize cannot be resisted??
9??When every artist thought it was his duty to show his
contempt for and objection to the Eiffel Tower which they considered an irreverent architectural structure?? ??0??a flexible and pliable quality that was beyond human powers and absolutely new
??????People used to firmly believe that the things they saw around them were real solid substances but this has now been thrown into doubt by science,
??????That??perhaps, shows how far logically modern aesthetic can go????The solid banks can become almost abstract and invisible????This is perhaps the furthest limit of how solid objective things may be disappearing??
μú????
??. As a boy and later when I was a grown-up man, I had of- ten travelled through the region.
????. But somehow in the past I never really perceived how shocking and wretched this whole region was.
??3. This dreadful scene makes all human endeavors to advance and improve their lot appear as a ghastly, saddening joke. ??4. The country itself is pleasant to look at, despite the sooty dirt spread by the innumerable mills in this region. ??5. The model they followed in building their houses was a brick standing upright. / All the houses they built looked like bricks standing upright.
??6. These brick-like houses were made of shabby, thin wooden boards and their roofs were narrow and had little slope. ??7. When the brick is covered with the black soot of the mills it takes on the color of a rotten egg.
??8. Red brick, even in a steel town, looks quite respectable with the passing of time. / Even in a steel town, old red bricks still appear pleasing to the eye.
??9. I have given Westmoreland the highest award for ugliness after having done a lot of hard work and research and after continuous praying.
????0. They show such fantastic and bizarre ugliness that, in looking back, they become almost fiendish and wicked./ When one looks back at these houses whose ugliness is so fantastic and bizarre, one feels they must be the work of the devil himself.
??????. It is hard to believe that people built such horrible houses just because they did not know what beautiful houses
were like.
??????. People in certain strata of American society seem definite- ly to hunger after ugly things; while in other less Chris- tian strata, people seem to long for things beautiful. ????3. These ugly designs, in some way that people cannot un- derstand, satisfy the hidden and unintelligible demands of this type of mind.
????4. They put a penthouse on top of it, painted in a bright, conspicuous yellow color and thought it looked perfect but they only managed to make it absolutely intolerable.
????5. From the intermingling of different nationalities and races in the United States emerges the American race which hates beauty as strongly as it hates truth??
μú????
IV.
??. Because of the fact itself that man produces, he has developed far beyond all other animals.
????. Work also frees man from nature and makes him into a social being independent of nature.
??3. All the above-mentioned work shows how man has trans formed nature through his reason and skill.
??4. Therefore pleasure and work went together so did the cultural development of the worker go hand in hand with the work he was doing.
??5. Work became the chief element in a system that preached an austere and self-denying way of life. Work was the only thing that brought relief to those who felt alone and isolat ed leading this kind of ascetic life. ??
6. In capitalist society the worker feels estranged from or hostile to the work he is doing.
??7. Work helps the worker to earn some money; and earning money only is an activity without much significance or pur pose. ??8. Just earning some money is not enough to make a worker have a proper respect of himself.
??9. Most industrial psychologists are mainly trying to manage and control the mind of the worker.
????0. Better relations with the public will yield larger profits to management. The management will earn larger profits if
it has better relations with the public.
??????. The fact that many gadgets are indeed useful is often used by advertisers as a more "high-minded" cover for what is really a vulgar, base appeal to idleness and willingness to accept things.
??????. The businessman knows the quality or usefulness of his product is not what it should be. He despises the goods he produces, conscious of the deception involved.
μú????
??.The ??oud ringing of the bells, which sent the frightened swallows flying high, marked the beginning of the Festival of Summer in Omelas.
?? ??.The shouting of the children could be heard clearly above the music and singing like the calls of the swallows flying by overhead.
?? 3. The riders were putting the horses through some exercises because the horses were eager to start and stubbornly resisting the control of the riders.
?? 4. After reading the above description the reader is likely to assume certain things.
?? 5. The citizens of Omelas were not simple people, not kind and gentle shepherds, not savages of high birth, nor mild idealists dreaming of a perfect society.
?? 6. An artist betrays his trust when he does not admit that evil is nothing fresh nor novel and pain is very dull and uninteresting.
?? 7. They were fully developed and intelligent grown-up people full of intense feelings and they were not miserable people.
8. Perhaps it would be best if the reader pictures Omelas to himself as his imagination tells him, assuming his imagination will be equal to the task.
?? 9. The faint but compelling sweet scent of the drug drooz may fill the streets of the city.
?? ??0. Perhaps the child was mentally retarded because it was born so or perhaps it has become very foolish and stupid because of fear, poor nourishment and neglect.
?? ????. The habits of the child are so crude and uncultured that it will show no sign of improvement even if it is treated kindly and tenderly.
?? ????. They shed tears when they see how terribly unjust they have been to the child, but these tears dry up when they realize how just and fair though terrible reality was.
μúê???
??.At the very mention of this post-war period, middle-aged people begin to think about it longingly.
?? ??.In any case, an American could not avoid casting aside its middle-class respectability and affected refinement. ?? 3.The war only helped to speed up the breakdown of the Victorian social structure.
?? 4.In America at least, the young people were strongly inclined to shirk their responsibilities. They pretended to be worldly-wise, drinking and behaving naughtily.
?? 5.The young people found greater pleasure in their drinking because Prohibition, by making drinking unlawful added a sense of adventure.
?? 6.Our young men joined the armies of foreign countries to fight in the war.
?? 7.The young people wanted to take part in the glorious ad-venture before the whole war ended.
?? 8.These young people could no longer adapt themselves to lives in their home towns or their families.
?? 9. The returning veteran also had to face Prohibition which the lawmakers hypocritically assumed would do good to the people.
??0. (Under all this force and pressure) something in the youth of America, who were already very tense, had to break down. ?? ????. It was only natural that hopeful young Writers whose minds and writings were filled with violent anger against war, Babbitry, and "Puritanical" gentility, should come in great numbers to live in Greenwich Village, the traditional artistic centre.
?? ????. Each town was proud that it had a group of wild, reckless people, who lived unconventional lives.
μúê??,??
??.
?? ??. The English people may hotly argue and abuse and quarrel with each other but there still exists a lot of natural
sympathetic feeling for each other.
?? ??. What the wealthy employers would really like to do is to whip all the workers whom they consider to be lazy and troublesome people.
?? 3. There are not many snarling shop stewards in the work-shop, nor are there many cruel wealthy employers on the board of managers (or governing board of a factory).
?? 4. The contemporary world demands that everything be done on a big scale and the English do not like or trust bigness. ?? 5. At least on the surface, when Englishness is put against the power and success of Admass, English ness seems to put up a rather poor weak performance.
?? 6. Englishness is not against change, but it believes that changing just for changing and for no other useful purpose to be very wrong and harmful.
?? 7. To regard cars and motorways as more important than houses seems to Englishness a public stupidity~
?? 8. I must further say that while Englishness can go on fighting, there is a great possibility of Admass winning. ?? 9. Englishness draws its strength from a reservoir of strong moral and ethical principles, and soon it may be asking for strength which this reservoir of principles cannot supply. ?? ??0. These people probably believe, as I do, that the 'Good Life' promised by Admass is false and dishonest in all respects. ?? ????. They can be found too though there are not many of them now because these kind of people are dying out -- among the curt, bad-tempered, extremely conservative politicians who refuse to accept high posts in big commercial enterprises. ?? ????. They are incompetent, lazy and inefficient, careless and untidy.
?? ??3. He will not even find much satisfaction in his untidy and disordered life where he manages to live as a parasite by sponging on people. This kind of life does not help a person to build up any self-respect.
?? ??4. These people think of the House of Commons as a place rather far away where some people are always quarreling and arguing over some small matter.
?? ??5. If a dictator comes to power, these people then will soon learn in the worst way that they were very wrong to ignore politics for they can now suddenly and for no reason be arrested and thrown into prison.
μúê??t??
??.
????. The fate of an American is complicated and hard to understand.
????. They were uneasy and uncomfortable in Europe as I was. ??
??3. They were all trying to find their own special individualities.
??4. I don't think I could have accepted in America my Negro status without feeling ashamed.
??5. Europe can also have a very frustrating or disabling effect.
??6. It is easier in Europe for people of different social groups and occupations to intermingle and have social intercourse.
??7. In Europe a good waiter and a good actor are equally proud of their social status and position. They are not jealous of each other and do not live in fear of losing their position. ??8. I was born in New York but have lived only in some small areas of the city.
??9. The reconsideration of the significance and importance of many things that one had taken for granted in the past can be very painful, though very valuable.
????0. The life of a writer really depends on his accepting the fact that no matter where he goes or what he does he will always carry the marks of his origins.
??????. American writers live in a mobile society where nothing is fixed, so they do not have a fixed society to describe. ??????. Every society is influenced and directed by hidden laws, and by many things deeply felt and taken for granted by the people, though not openly spoken about.
范文四：高级英语第一册参考答案(张汉熙版)
高级英语期末复习资料
Lesson 1
Paraphrase
1. We are elevated 23 feet.(Para.3)
2. The place has been here since 1915, and no hurricane has ever bothered it.(Para.3)
3. We can batten down and ride it out.(Para.4)
4. The generator was doused, and the lights went out.(Para4)
5. Everybody out the back door to the cars!(Para.11)
6. The electrical systems had been killed by waters.(Para.11)
7. John watched the water lap at the steps, and felt a crushing guilt.(Para.17)
8. Get us through this mess, will You?(Para.17)
9. She carried on alone for a few bars; then her voice trailed away.(Para.21)
10. Janis had just one delayed reaction.(Para.34)
参考答案
11. We’re 23 feet above sea level.
12. The house has been here since 1915, and no hurricane has ever caused any damage to it.
13. We can make the necessary preparations and survive the hurricane without much damage.
14. Water got into the generator and put it out. It stopped producing electricity, so the lights also went out.
15. Everybody go out through the back door and run to the cars.
16. The electrical systems in the car had been put out by water.
17. As John watched the water inch its way up the steps, he felt a strong sense of guilty because he blamed himself for endangering the whole family by deciding not to flee inland.
18. Oh God, please help us to get through this storm safely.
19. Grandmother Koshaksang a few words alone and then her voice gradually grew dimmer and stopped.
20. Janis didn’t show any fear on the spot during the storm, but she revealed her feelings caused by the storm a few nights after the hurricane by getting up in the middle of the night and crying softly.
Translation( E→C)
1. 但是，和住在沿岸的其他成千上万的居民一样，约翰不愿舍弃家园，除非他的家人－妻子珍妮丝和他们的七个孩子，大的11岁，小的才3岁－明显处于危险之中。
2. 随着一声巨响，楼上一个房间里的法式双开门砰地一声被风吹倒了。大家听到楼上其它玻璃窗破碎时发出的像枪一样的啪啪的响声。
3. 大家都吓坏了，喘不过气来，全身都湿透了。他们坐在楼梯上，楼梯的两侧有内墙保护着。
4. 谁都清楚已经无路可逃，是死是活他们只能留在房子里了。
5. 过了一会儿，一阵强风把整个屋顶掀到了空中，将其抛到了40英尺之外。
6. 在飓风中心约70英里宽的范围内，风速接近每小时200英里，掀起的海浪高达30英尺。
7. 未被飓风刮倒的树上像结彩似的挂满被风撕成布条的衣服，吹断的电线像黑色意大利面
条一样一圈一圈地散落在路面上。
8. 在废墟里寻找残留物品本应会令人沮丧，可事实上并非如此，因为每一件未被毁坏的东
西都代表他们战胜狂风的一个小小的胜利。
Lesson 2
Paraphrase
21. Serious-looking men spoke to one another as if they were oblivious of the crowds about
them…(Para.2)
22. At last this intermezzo came to an end, and I found myself in front of the gigantic City
Hall.(Para.5)
23. The rather arresting spectacle of little old Japan adrift amid beige concrete skyscrapers is the
very symbol of the incessant struggle between the kimono and the miniskirt.(Para.7)
24. ?experiencing a twinge of embarrassment at the prospect of meeting the mayor of Hiroshima
in my socks.(Para.10)
25. The few Americans and Germans seemed just as inhibited as I was.(Para.10)
26. After three days in Japan, the spinal column becomes extraordinarily flexible.(Para.12)
27. I was about to make my little bow of assent, when the meaning of these last words sank in,
jolting me out of my sad reverie.(Para.18)
28. …and nurses walked by carrying nickel-plated instruments, the very sight of which would
send shivers down the spine of any healthy visitors.(Para.28)
29. Because, thanks to it, I have the opportunity to improve my character.(Para.38)
参考答案
30. Serious-looking men were so absorbed in their conversation that they seemed not to pay any
attention to the crowds about them.
31. At last the taxi trip came to an end and I suddenly discovered that I was in front of the
gigantic City Hall.
32. The rather striking picture of traditional floating houses among high, modern buildings
represents the constant struggle between traditional Japanese culture and the new, Western style.
33. I suffered from a strong feeling of shame when I thought of the prospect of meeting the mayor
of Hiroshima in my socks.
34. The few Americans and Germans also seemed to feel restrained like me.
35. After three days in Japan one gets quite used to bowing to people as a ritual in greeting and to
show gratitude.
36. I was on the point of showing my agreement by nodding when I suddenly realized what he
meant. His words shocked me out of my sad dreamy thinking.
37. ?and nurses walked by carrying surgical instruments which were nickel plated and even
healthy visitors when they see those instruments could not help shivering.
38. I have the chance to raise my moral standard because of the illness.
Translation( E→C)
１. 其次，我感情激动，喉咙哽咽，愁思连绵，这同日本铁路官员说什么毫不相干。
２. 踏上广岛的土地，呼吸着广岛的空气，这件事本身就比我过去的任何旅行或采访任务更
为激动人心。难道我不是就在犯罪的现场吗？
３. 这座历经磨难的城市中的高楼大厦从我们身边一座座飞掠而过，而同时我们也随着司机
急打方向盘而在车里东倒西歪。
４. 出乎意料，在车站经历的那种感情冲动又回来了。当想到我现在是站在第一颗原子弹爆
炸的地方时，我心头沉重。就在这儿，成千上万的人在原子弹爆炸的一刹那遭到杀害。另有成千上万的人忍受痛苦的折磨，慢慢死去。
５. “没有多少城市能有此盛名。我自豪而高兴地欢迎你们来到广岛，一座因其牡蛎而闻名
于世的城市。”
６. “在这个牡蛎之城，有两派不同的看法，一派主张保留轰炸的遗迹，另一派主张消除一
切痕迹，甚至连在轰炸中心竖立的纪念碑也拆掉。”
７. “如果你要报导这座城市，请不要忘记指出这是日本最为欢快的城市，尽管城里不少人
还暗暗地受着灼伤。”
８. “后来我的头发慢慢地脱落，腹部开始出现水肿。”
Lesson 3
Paraphrase
1. The words spat forth with sudden savagery, all pretense of blandness gone. (Para.18)
2. When they find who done that last night, who killed that kid an’its mother, then high-tailed it,
they’ll throw the books, and never mind who it hits, or whether they got fancy titles neither. (Para. 19)
3. The Duchess of Croydon—three centuries and a half of inbred arrogance behind her—did not
yield easily.(Para. 19)
4. Even the self-assurance of Ogilvie flickered for an instant.(Para.20)
5. The house detective took his time, leisurely puffing a cloud of blue cigar smoke, his eyes
sardonically on the Duchess as if challenging her objection.(Para.23)
6. There ain’t much, out of the way, which people who stay in this hotel do, I don’t get to hear
about.(Para.28)
7. The Duchess of Croydon kept firm, tight rein on her racing mind.(Para.75)
8. And when they stopped for petrol, as they would have to, their speech and manner would
betray them, making them conspicuous.(Para.85)
9. There must be no mistake, no vacillation or dallying because of her own smallness of
mind.(Para.100)
参考答案
1. Ogilvie said these words with great contempt and sudden rudeness as if he was spitting. He
threw away his pretended politeness.
2. When they find who killed the mother and the kid and then ran away, they will deal out the
maximum punishment, and they will not care who will be punished in this case or what their social position is.
3. The Duchess was supported by her arrogance coming from her noble family who had
belonged to the nobility for more than three hundred years. So she did not give in easily.
4. The Duchess was a good actress and she appeared so firm about their innocence that, for a
brief moment, Ogilvie felt unsure if his assumption about them was right. But the moment was very short and passed quickly.
5. The house detective was in no hurry. He enjoyed his cigar and puffed a cloud of blue cigar
smoke in a relaxed manner. At the same time, his eyes were fixed disdainfully on the Duchess as if he was openly daring her to object his smoking a cigar, as she had done earlier.
6. If anybody who stays in this hotel does anything wrong, improper or unusual, I always get to
know about it. There isn’t much that can escape me.
7. The Duchess kept firm and tight control of her mind which is working quickly. The Duchess
is thinking quickly, but at the same time keeping her thoughts under control.
8. Furthermore, when they stopped for petrol, as it would be necessary, their speech and manner
would reveal their identity. British English would be particularly noticeable in the South.
9. She mustn’t make any mistakes in her plan, or waver in mind and show indecision or deal
with the situation carelessly due to small-mindedness. In other words she had to take a big chance, to do something very daring, so she must be bold, resolute, decisive and rise to the occasion.
Translation( E→C)
１. 她自己的紧张程度并没有减轻，因为她知道他们两人随时都有可能回来。
２. 随着一股雪茄烟雾，奥吉勒维进了门。
３. 奥吉勒维不紧不慢地拿掉呛人的雪茄，弹掉烟灰，把烟蒂朝右手边的装饰壁炉甩去。 ４. “听着，该知道的我都知道。我如果按照正当程序做我应该做的事，那么一帮警察会闪
电般地到来。”
５. 她立刻站了起来，和粗鲁的饭店侦探正面对峙。她满脸怒气，灰绿色的眼睛闪着光。 ６. “新奥尔良的街道弯弯曲曲，很容易弄错方向。”
７. “如果你那样做，就等于到警察局去自首。”
８. 她再次意识到，领导的责任又落在她的肩上。此刻，她的丈夫紧张而激动，面对她与这
个坏胖子之间的交锋，他只能袖手旁观。
９. 她目不转睛地盯着他的脸，那张漂亮的高颧骨脸庞摆出咄咄逼人的样子。
10.“付费你钱后，我们什么好处也得不到，除了可能有几天临时的喘息时间。”
Lesson 4
Paraphrase
1. “Don’t worry, son, we’ll show them a few tricks.”(Para.2)
2. The case had erupted round my head…(Para.3)
3. No one, least of all I, anticipated that my case would snowball into one of the most famous
trials in U.S. history.(Para.9)
4. “That’s one hell of a jury!”(Para.12)
5. “Today it is the teachers,” he continued, “and tomorrow the magazines, the books, the
newspapers.”(Para.14)
6. “There is some doubt about that,” Darrow snorted.(Para.19)
7. … accused Bryan of calling for a duel to the death between science and religion.(Para.23)
8. Spectators paid to gaze at it and ponder whether they might be related.(Para.26)
9. Now Darrow sprang his trump card by calling Bryan as a witness for the defense.(Para.30)
10. My heart went out to the old warrior as spectators pushed by him to shake Darrow’s
hand.(Para.43)
参考答案
1. “Don’t worry, young man, we’ll do a few things to outwit the prosecution.”
2. I was suddenly engulfed by the whole affair.
3. I was the last one to expect that my case would develop into one of the most famous trials in
American history.
4. “This is a completely inappropriate jury, too ignorant partial.”
5. Today the teachers are put on trial because they teach scientific theory; soon the newspapers
and magazines will not be allowed to express new ideas, to spread knowledge of science.
6. “It’s doubtful whether man has reasoning power,” said Darrow sarcastically, scornfully.
7. … accused Bryan of demanding that a life or death struggle be fought between science and
religion.
8. People paid in order to have a look at the ape and to consider carefully whether apes and
humans could have a common ancestry.
9. Darrow surprised everyone by asking for Bryan as a witness for Scopes which was a brilliant
idea.
10. Darrow had gotten the best of Bryan, who looked helplessly lost and pitiable as everyone
ignored him and rushed past him to congratulate Darrow. When I saw this, I felt sorry for Bryan.
Translation( E→C)
１. 原教旨主义者坚持对《圣经》作字面解释。而另一方面，现代主义者接受达尔文提出的
理论，即所有动物的生命，包括猿与人，均从同一祖先演化而来。
２. 在一次这样的争论中，拉普利耶说谁只要教生物学，就一定会教进化论。
３. 从周围山区来了不少人，大部分是原教旨主义者。他们是来为支持布赖恩与“外面来的
异教徒”对阵而助威的。
４. “他被送上法庭是因为无知与偏执猖獗，而这两者结合在一起，势力不小。”
５. “《圣经》，”他嗓音洪亮地吼道，“是不会被那些不远千里来作证的专家赶出这个法庭的。
这些专家想证明进化论关于人类祖先出自丛林的说法和上帝按照天机、依其形象塑造了并安排世上的看法是并行不悖的。”
６. “真理是永恒的，不朽的，不需要任何凡人机构的支持。”
７. 尽管在与布赖恩的口头决斗中马隆取胜，法官仍然裁定不允许科学家为被告作证。 ８. “我是在盘问你那些愚蠢的看法，世上没有一个有智力的基督徒会相信这种看法。” ９. 达德利.费尔.马隆把对我的判决称作是“虽败犹荣”。
１０. 克拉伦斯.达罗和达德利.费尔.马隆在戴顿小小的法庭上掀起的辩论风暴犹如一股
清风吹遍了美国的学校和立法机关，随之而来的是思想自由和学术自由的新气氛。这种气氛与年俱增。
Lesson 6
Paraphrase
1. Most Americans remember Mark Twain as the father of Huck Finn’s idyllic cruise through
eternal boyhood and Tom Sawyer’s endless summer of freedom and adventure.(Para.1)
2. The cast of characters set before his in his new profession was rich and varied—a
cosmos.(Para.4)
3. All would resurface in his books, together with the colorful language that he soaked up with a
memory that seemed phonographic.(Para.4)
4. Steamboat decks teemed not only with the main current of pioneering humanity, but its
flotsam of hustlers, gamblers, and thugs as well.(Para.5)
5. He went west by stagecoach and succumbed to the epidemic of gold and silver fever in
Nevada’s Washoe region.(Para.7)
6. …Mark Twain began digging his way to regional fame as a newspaper reporter and
humorist.(Para.8)
7. “It was a splendid population—for all the slow, sleepy, sluggish-brained sloths stayed at
home…”(Para.9)
8. “Well, that is California all over.”(Para.9)
9. “What a robust people, what a nation of thinkers we might be, if we would only lay ourselves
on the shelf occasionally and renew our edges.”(Para.19)
10. The last of his own illusions seemed to have crumbled near the end.(Para.22)
参考答案
1. Mark Twain is known to most Americans as the author of The Adventures of Tom Sawyer and
The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. Huck Finn is noted for his simple and pleasant journey through his boyhood which seems eternal and Tom Sawyer is famous for his free roam of the country and his adventure in one summer which seems never to end. The youth and summer are eternal because this is the only age and time we knew them. They are frozen in that age/season for all readers.
2. His work on the boat made it possible for him to meet a large variety of people. It is a world
of all types of characters.
3. All would reappear in his books, written in the colorful language that he seemed to be able to
remember and record as accurately as a phonograph.
4. Steamboat decks were filled with people who explored and prepared the way for others and
also lawless people or social outcasts such as hustlers, gamblers and thugs.
5. He took a horse-drawn public vehicle and went west to Nevada, following the flow of people
in the gold rush.
6. Mark Twain began to work hard as a newspaper reporter and humorist to become well known
locally.
7. Those who came pioneering out west were energetic, courageous and reckless people, because
those who stayed at home were the slow, dull and lazy people.
8. That’s typical of California.
9. If we relaxed, rested or stayed away from all this crazy struggle for successoccasionally and
kept the daring and enterprising spirit, we would be able to remain strong and healthy and continue to produce great thinkers.
10. At the end of his life, he lost the last bit of his positive view of man and the world.
Figures of speech (P128—129)
１. Metaphor 2.metaphor 3.metaphor 4.metaphor 5.metonymy 6.metaphor
7.alliteration 8.alliteration 9.personification 10.antithesis
Translation( E→C)
１. 马克.吐温出生时的名字是塞缪尔.朗赫恩.克莱门斯，后来才改叫马克.吐温。他一生中有
三分之一的时间是在全国游历，体验新的美国历程，然后以作家和幽默家的身份，与世界分享这种历程。
２. 所有这一切都会以一种多彩的语言形式在他的书中再现，这种语言与他那留声机般的记
忆相融合。
３. 轮船的甲板上不仅聚集了具有开创精神的主流人群，也挤满了骗子、妓女、赌徒、恶棍
这样的残渣。
４. 从他们身上，马克.吐温对人类有了更为敏锐的认识，看到了人们言与行之间的差距。 ５. 对一个习惯于由西海岸引领流行趋势的现代世界来说，他对那些落脚于尚未开发的荒凉
之地山的人们的描述听上去一点也不生疏。
６. 他不经意地揭穿了那些受尊敬的艺术家和艺术珍宝，还尖锐地将圣地批评了一翻。 ７. “这位寡妇按点吃饭；按点睡觉；按点起床－一切都那么井井有条、循规蹈矩，让人受
不了。”
８. 他与一个逃脱的黑奴承一条木筏顺密西西比河而下的经历就是一副美国社会的动态全
景。
９. “??他们从世上消失了，在那个世界上，他们无足轻重，一事无成；在那个世界上，
他们本身的存在就是个错误，就是个失败，就是一桩愚蠢的事；在那个世界上，他们没有留下任何表面他们曾经存在过的痕迹。那个世界将为他们哀悼一日，然后永远地将他们忘却。”
Lesson 7
Paraphrase
1. She thinks her sister has held life always in the palm of one hand, that “no” is a word the
world never learned to say to her.(Para.2)
2. My fat keeps me hot in zero weather.(Para.5)
3. Johnny Carson has much to do to keep up with my quick and witty tongue.(Para.5)
4. It seems to me I have talked to them always with one foot raised in flight, with my head
turned in whichever way is farthest from them.(Para.6)
5. She would always look anyone in the eye.(Para.6)
6. She washed us in a river of make-believe, burned us with a lot of knowledge we didn’t
necessarily need to know.(Para.11)
7. Like good looks and money, quickness passed her by.(Para.13)
8. Meanwhile Asalamalakim is going through motions with Maggie’s hand.(Para.23)
9. Though, in fact, I probably could have carried it back beyond the Civil War through the
branches.(Para.32)
10. He just stood there grinning, looking down on me like somebody inspecting a Model A
car.(Para.36)
11. Every once in a while he and Wangero sent eye signals over my head.(Para.36)
12. “I can remember Grandmother Dee without the quilts.”(Para.73)
参考答案
1. She thinks that her sister has a firm control of her life, and that she can always has anything
she wants.
2. Because I’m fat, I feel hot even in freezing weather.
3. Johnny Carson has a witty and glib tongue. But I outdo him and so he has to try hard if he
wants to catch up with me.
4. I’m ready to leave as quickly as possible because of discomfort, nervousness, timidity, etc.
and turn my head away from them in order to avoid them as much as possible for the same reason.
5. She would always look at somebody directly and steadily, not feeling embarrassed or
ashamed.
6. She imposed on us lots of falsity and so-called knowledge that was totally useless and
irrelevant to us.
7. She was homely and poor. Besides, she was not smart.
8. Meanwhile, Dee’s boyfriend is trying to shake hands with Maggie in a fancy and elaborate
way.
9. In fact, I could have traced it back before the civil war through the family branches.
10. He just stood there with a grin on his face and lookedat me as if inspecting something old and
out -of -date.
11. Now and then he and Dee communicated through eye contact in a secretive way.
12. I don’t need the quilts to remind me of Grandma Dee. She lives in my memory.
Translation( E→C)
１. 我在院子里等她来。昨天下午我和玛吉把院子扫得干干净净，笤帚扫过的地方还留有波
浪纹。
２. 当硬土地面扫得和屋子的地面一样干净时，当院子边缘的细沙被小小地、不规则的沟槽
勾勒出线条时，任何人都可以进到院子里坐坐，看着院子里的榆树，等待微风习习吹来，而微风永远都吹不进房间里。
３. 自从大火把我们的老房子烧为灰烬后，她（玛吉）就是这样：低着头，眼睛看着地，走
路拖着脚。
４. 有时我还能听到火焰燃烧，感到玛吉的手臂紧紧拉着我，她的头发冒着烟，她是衣裙像
黑色的薄纸片一样从身上飘落下来。
５. 那算不上是真正地窗户，仅仅是在屋子的侧墙上挖的洞而已，好像船上的弦窗，但既不
圆也不方，外面用生牛皮固定住窗板。
６. 每拍一张照片，就能看到双手在上下推动奶油搅拌器时在木头上留下的印痕。
７. 被子上有一块小小的褪了色的蓝布，只有火柴盒的大小，那是从曾祖父埃兹拉在内战时
期穿的军服上裁下来的。
Lesson 8
Paraphrase
1. “What is one winter more?”(Para.8)
2. SherTakhi, who called Korphe’s widely dispersed faithful to prayer five times a day without
the benefit of amplification, filled the small room with his booming voice.(Para.23)
3. As the moon rose over Korphe K2, they danced around the fire and taught Mortenson verses
from the great Himalayan Epic of Gesar, beloved across much of the roof of the world, and introduced him to their inexhaustible supply of Balti folk song. (Para.35)
4. The fact that it wasn’t written down didn’t make it any less real.(Para.37)
5. He’d had too much trouble getting one school off the ground to think on Hoerni’s
scale.(Para.38)
6. The old man led the former climber uphill for an hour, on legs still strong enough to humble
the much younger man.(Para.45)
7. The air had fresh-scrubbed clarity that only comes with altitude.(Para.46)
8. “You have to understand, in these villages, a ram is like a firstborn child, prize cow, and
family pet all rolled into one,”Mortensonexplaines.(Para.69)
参考答案
1. What does it matter if we have to go without a school for another winter?
2. SherTakhi had a booming voice, and without the advantage of amplification it filled the small
room. He called Korphe’s believers, who were widely scattered working on their respective jobs, to pay five times a day.
3. At this time, the moon went up high in the sky above Korphe K2. The villagers danced around
the fire and taught Mortenson lines from the Himalayan Epic of Gesar, beloved across most parts of the Himalayas which is the highest part of the world, and introduced him to a tradition of Balti folk songs so rich that it could never be finished or used up.
4. The Balti didn’t have a written history, but that fact didn’t mean that its rich history didn’t
exist.
5. He had so much trouble getting the plan of building one school started successfully. And he
had to concentrate on completing this one and had no time or energy to think on the large scale of building more schools envisioned by Hoerni.
6. Although Haji Ali was old, his legs were still strong enough to leave the younger man far
behind and thus feel ashamed.
7. The air was so clear as if it had been just scrubbed. You can have such clear air only when you
get to a certain high altitude.
8. In these villages, a ram was very much valued, meaning something extremely precious like a
firstborn child, a prize cow and a family pet combined.
Translation( E→C)
１. 这些石头看上去更像是古老的废墟而不是新学校的建筑石板。
２. 前一个冬天，当摩顿森离开科尔飞村时，他把固定帐篷用的木桩打进冻土，并系上红蓝
两色编织的尼龙绳，来标记他心中有五间房子的学校的范围。
３. 科尔飞的清真寺在过去的几个世纪里根据坏境的变化而变化，如同挤在寺里的人们一样
随着时间改变了他们的信仰。
４. 他和摩顿森一起测量了确切的长度，把绳子浸在钙和石灰的混合液里，然后用村子里经
过时间考验的土办法标出了工地的长宽范围。
５. 哈吉.阿里和儿子塔瓦哈把绳子拉得紧绷绷的，然后朝地面上用力地弹了一下，在夯实的
地面上留下白色的线条，那些线条就是将来学校的墙壁竖立起来的地方。
６. 当沟挖好时，哈吉.阿里冲两块切割了好久的大石头点点头，这时，六个男人抬起石头，
艰难地移动着步子朝挖好的沟移动，然后将石头慢慢放到面向乔戈里峰的科尔飞村的地基角落处。
７. “公羊太大了，以至于即使塔瓦哈用尽最大的力气，也是公羊拽着他往前走，一步步接
近公羊的屠宰者。”
８. “目睹这个和我在主日学校学到的《圣经》故事一模一样的场面，我不禁想到不同的信
仰之间有着如此多的相似之处，并且，人们可以将其传统追溯到同一个根源。”
９. 在最后一块骨头被敲碎、最后一条骨髓被吸干后，摩顿森加入到一群男人中，他们点燃
了一堆篝火，那里正是他们期望的不久将竣工的学校的院子。
１０. 在他们脚下一千英尺之处，即将成熟的大麦田将科尔飞染成一片翠绿色。它看山去
如此渺小和脆弱，就像在一片石头海洋中漂泊的一叶小小的救生筏。
１１. “那些公羊很快就会被吃光，但这个学校将会长久地屹立着。”
１２. 我意识到我经历的所有苦难，从承诺盖一所学校开始，到为建成学校而进行的长期
斗争，所有这些与他为自己的村民准备做出的牺牲相比都是微不足道的。
Lesson 9
Paraphrase
1. The document they produced was eventually signed, but ultimately unfinished.(Para.3)
2. But it also comes from my own story.(Para.7)
3. But it is a story that has seared into my genetic makeup the idea that this nation is more than
the sum of its parts—that out of many, we are truly one.(Para.9)
4. Throughout the first year of this campaign, against all predictions against the contrary, we saw
how hungry the American people were for this message of unity.(Para. 10)
5. Despite the temptation to view my candidacy through a purely racial lens, we won
commanding victories in states with some of the whitest populations in the country.(Para.10)
6. We saw racial tensions bubble to the surface during the week before the South Carolina
primary.(Para.11)
7. On one end of the spectrum, we’ve heard the implication that my candidacy is somehow an
exercise in affirmative action; that it’s based solely on the desire of wide-eyed liberals to purchase racial reconciliation on the cheap.(Para.13)
8. I can no more disown him than I can disown the black community.(Para.22)
参考答案
1. After heated debate and compromises, the Construction was finally adopted by the
Constitutional Convention and 39 out of 55 delegates signed the document. But the
“ three-fifths’’ clause and the twenty years allowed for the slave trade showed the slave issue was not solved, so the process of forming a more perfect union did not end with the enforcement of the Constitution.
2. My personal background and my success story, rising from rags to riches, also teach me the
importance of unity.
3. I am deeply ingrained, through my experience in the United States, with the ideathat America
is not a total of adding everything together but is the product of fusion, of sharing the same creed.
4. In spite of all announcements that America was not ready for a black president, that I would
fail in the campaign, we gained momentum in the first year of the campaign, which showed that the American people demanded unity and change.
5. People were encouraged to judge me from the perspective of a black candidate, raising the
question of whether the United States would fare better with a black president. However, we won great victories even in some of the more conservative states, states with stronger racial bias.
6. The week before the Democrats were to select their delegates to the national convention in
South Carolina, attacks on me, on blacks became more frequent, more intense.
7. At one end of the entire range of option, there are people who say that I decided to run
because I wanted to show black and white should have equal opportunity and I wanted to play on the desires of na?ve liberals to achieve racial harmony without making great effort.
8. It is impossible for me to cast him off just as it is impossible for me to repudiate the black
community.
Translation( E→C)
１. 一百二十一年前，就在街对面的大厅里，一群人聚集在，用这样简朴的语言，开始了美
国的民主实践，这在当时被认为是难以成功的。
２. 它被原罪的奴隶制玷污了，这个问题使各州对立，并一度使制宪会议陷入僵局。后来开
国者们允许奴隶卖卖延续了至少二十年，而把问题的最终解决留给了后代。
３. 我的故事没有把我变成一个十分守旧的候选人。但这种经历却把这样一种观念深深地烙
在我身上，美国不是一个由各种成分简单叠加构成的集合体－而是由多种成分融合成的一个整体。
４. 相反地，这些言论反映了一种严重歪曲这个国家的观点。这种观点认为白人种族主义是
美国特有的一种流行病，并使美国出现的问题凌架于其它美好的东西之上。这种观点认为中东冲突的根源在于我们的忠实盟友以色列的做法，而不是源于伊斯兰教激进分子扭曲和充满仇恨的意识形态。
５. 这些故事－关于生存、自由、希望的故事－成为我们的故事和我的故事。曾经流过的血
是我们的血，曾经流过的泪是我们的眼泪。直到今天这个阳光明媚的日子，这个黑人的教会又一次承载着这个名族的故事，传承给后代，传达给世界上更多的人。
６. 仁慈与残酷，极端睿智和惊人愚昧，斗争与成就，爱与认同，怨恨与偏见，这些因素统
统包含在教会中，构成黑人在美国的经历。
７. 在与他的谈话中，我从没听过他用贬损的语言谈到另一个族裔，而他在与白人打交道时
也总是表现得十分礼貌和尊重。
８. 赖特牧师布道时对美国攻击的言论犯了一个错误－简单化，妖魔化，并把负面的东西无
限夸大，导致对现实的歪曲，而这种错误我们也会犯。
Lesson 10
Paraphrase
1. Understanding this reality requires a reminder of how we arrived at this point.(Para.27)
2. “The past isn’t dead and buried. In fact, it isn’t even past.”(Para.27)
3. But for all those who scratched and clawed their way to get a piece of the American Dream,
there were many who didn’t make it—those who were ultimately defeated, in the barbershop or the beauty shop or around the kitchen table.(Para.32)
4. But it does find voice in the barbershop or the beauty shop or around the kitchen
table.(Para.32)
5. And occasionally it finds voice in the church on Sunday morning in the pulpit and in the
pews.(Para.33)
6. They are anxious about their futures, and feel their dreams slipping away; and in an era of
stagnant wages and global competition, opportunity comes to be seen as a zero sum game, in which your dreams come at my expense.(Para.34)
7. Talk show hosts and conservative commentators built entire careers unmasking bogus claims
of racism while dismissing legitimate discussions of racial injustice and inequality as mere political correctness or reverse racism.(Para.35)
8. It’s a racial stalemate we’ve been stuck in for years.(Para.37)
9. For the African-American community, that path means embracing the burdens of our past
without becoming victims of our past.( Para.39)
10. In the white community, the path to a more perfect union means acknowledging that what ails
the African-American community does not just exist in the minds of black people; that the legacy of discrimination and current incidents of discrimination, while less overt than in the past, and these feelings are real and must be addressed.(Para.42)
11. We can pounce on some gaffe by a Hillary supporter as evidence that she’s playing the race
card, or we can speculate on whether white men will all flock to John McCain in the general election regardless of his policies.(Para.44)
12. Or, at this moment, in this election, we can come together and say, “Not this time.”(Para.47) 参考答案
1. In order to understand the complexities of race we need to know the history and development
of racial relations, the sufferings and injustices the blacks were subjected to.
2. The influence of what happened in pervious times has not disappeared. Such influence can
still be seen.
3. Out of those who worked or struggled very hard to climb the social ladder, many did not
succeed. They were defeated in life’s struggle, as a result of racial discrimination.
4. Views colored by race may come up at informal conversation at the barbershop (or
barbershops) where men meet, or over dinner among family members.
5. And once in a while such sentiments are expressed in sermons and among church
congregations.
6. As a result, white Americans are very much worried about their future, feeling that their
American dream is coming to an end, feeling hopeless and helpless. So they have a hostile attitude toward those whom they consider their competitors.
7. Talk show hosts and conservative commentators became famous through exposing so-called
unreal incidents of racism and labeled reasonable discussion of unfair treatment of minorities as catering to excessive sensibility to minority cause or as racism against the whites.
8. The anger of the blacks and the resentment of the whites are not groundless. Both groups have
legitimate concerns. Yet their anger is directed toward the wrong target, thus hampering the solution of the issues which cause the anger. Neither side has come to see the problem. So a racial deadlock exists.
9. The black community should face and handle bravely the legacy of racial injustice of the past
while at the same time should not feel they are being wronged all the time.
10. For the whites, they should see clearly that the wrong done to the blacks in the past is a fact
and subtle discrimination still exists today and should be solved properly.
11. We can jump on some remarks made by some Hillary supporters against me and use this to
show that Hillary also appeals to whites to defeat me in the Democratic campaign or predict that white people would support John McCain, not because of his policy but because of his skin color.
12. Or, now and here, the American people, black and white, Asian and Hispanic and Native
American, can unite and reject the politics that produce division and conflict.
Translation( E→C)
１. 法律上认可的歧视－譬如说黑人拥有房产，有时甚至采取暴力手段达此目的，或是不给
非裔美国人的业主贷款，不让黑人购房者取得联邦房屋部门的抵押贷款保险，把黑人排除在工会、警察队伍或者消防部门之外－这意味着黑人家庭难以积累家产以传给后代。 ２. 无数的黑人社区缺乏基本服务设施－没有公园让孩子们玩，没有警察巡逻，没有定期的
垃圾收集，不执行建筑规范－所有这些造成了暴力、挫折和无人监管的不断循环，至今仍让我们提心吊胆。
３. 黑人的愤怒常常产生不了什么作用，与此同时，这些白人的忿恨也把注意力从挤压中产
阶级的真正罪魁祸首身上移开－真正的罪人是充满内部交易的企业文化，很成问题的会计惯例，只顾眼前的贪婪心态，被院外集团和特殊利益集团把持的政府，以及关注少数而不顾多数人的经济政策。
４. 与某些批评我的人所说的相反，不管这些批评者是黑人还是白人，我从来没有天真到认
为单凭一个选举周期，或者一个候选人，特别是像我这样不完美的候选人，就能让我们超越种族分期的问题。
５. 但是我强调了一个坚定的信念－一个根植于我对上帝的信仰和对美国人民信任的信念
－如果我们共同努力，就能摆脱某些过去的种族伤痕。事实上，如果我们要沿着建设一个更完善的联邦这条路继续走下去，我们别无选择。
６. 在白人社区，建设更完善的联邦之路就是要承认困扰非裔美国人社区的问题并不是黑人
头脑中想象出来的，而是真实存在的；种族歧视的后遗症以及当今的歧视事件，虽然没有过去那样明目张胆，却是真实存在且必须要解决的。
７. 说到底，我们所需要的，正是世界上各大宗教所要求的，不多也不少－己所不欲，勿施
于人。
８. 联邦可能不是十全十美，但一代代人的努力表明可以使其不断完善。
Lesson 11
Paraphrase
1. Your imagination comes to life, and this, you think, is where Creation was begun.(Para.1)
2. But warfare for the Kiowas was preeminently a matter of disposition rather than of survival,
and they never understood the grim, unrelenting advance of the U.S. Cavalry.(Para.3)
3. My grandmother was spared the humiliation of those high gray walls by eight or ten
year…(Para.3)
4. It was a long journey toward dawn, and it led to a golden age.(Para.4)
5. They acquired horses, and their ancient nomadic spirit was suddenly free of the
ground.(Para.4)
6. Clusters of tree and animals grazing far in the distance cause the vision to reach away and
wonder to build upon the mind.(Para.7)
7. I was never sure that I had the right to hear, so exclusive were they of all mere custom and
company.( Para.11)
8. Transported so in the dancing light among the shadows of her room, she seemed beyond the
reach of time. But that was illusion; I think I knew then that I should not see her again.( Para.11)
9. The women might indulge themselves; gossip was at once the remark and compensation of
their servitude.(Para.13)
参考答案
1. The landscape makes your imagination vivid and lifelike, and you believe that the creation of
the whole universe was begun right here.
2. The Kiowa often fought just because they were good warriors, because they fought out of
habits, character, nature, not because they needed extra lands or material gains for the sake of surviving and thriving. And they could not understand why the U.S. Cavalry never gave up pushing forward even when they had won a battle.
3. Luckily, my grandmother did not suffer the humiliation of being put into a closure for holding
animals, for she was born eight or ten years after the event.
4. They moved toward the east, where the sun rises, and also toward the beginning of a new
culture, which led to the greatest moment of their history.
5. Now they got horses. Riding on horseback, instead of walking on foot, gave them this new
freedom of movement, thus completely liberating their ancient nomadic spirit.
6. The earth unfolds and limit of the land is far in the distance, where there are clusters of trees
and animals eating grass. This landscape makes it possible to see far into the distance and in all directions.
7. I was not sure that I had any right to overhear her praying, which did not follow any
customary way of praying, and which I guess she did not want anyone else to hear.
8. In this way she was completely moved to another state in the dancing light among the
shadows of her room, and she seemed to be timeless (what she represented would last forever).
9. On these special occasions, women might make loud and elaborate jokes and talk among
themselves. Their gossip revealed their position as servants of men and was also a reward for their servitude.
Translation( E→C)
１. 虽然那里很美丽，但人们可能有受束缚、被禁锢的感觉。
２. 放眼望去，四周天际近在咫尺，触手可及。这天际是树木围成的高墙和一条条幽深的裂
缝。
３. 七月，落基山脉面向平原的山坡上长满了亚麻、荞麦、景天和翠雀等各种植物。 ４. 草木樨长满了山丘，它低垂的枝叶盖到地上，密密地封住土壤。
５. 基奥瓦人来到克老人的土地上，他们在黎明时，隔着巨角河可以看到山的背阴处，充足
的阳光照在层层地庄稼地上。
６. 在一座山顶山，我看到魔鬼塔高高插入灰蒙蒙的天空，似乎在时间诞生之时，地核开裂，
地壳破裂，宇宙的运动从此开始。
７. 我的祖母对太阳怀有一种敬畏，而这种神圣的敬意现在在人类身上几乎不存在了。 ８. 在当时的视线下，那只蟋蟀就像化石一样镶嵌在月亮中。
９. 我猜想，那蟋蟀到那里去生活和死亡，因为只有在那里它的渺小价值才能变得完整和永
恒。
Lesson 13
Paraphrase
1. I observe with amusement how totally the concerns of the world, which once absorbed me to
the exclusion of all else except an occasional relaxation with poetry or music, have lost interest for me even to the extent of a bored distaste.( Para.2)
2. Or maybe Laura’s unwitting influence has called it out.(Para.2)
3. Dismissive as a Pharisee, I regarded as moonlings all those whose life was lived on a less
practical plane.(Para.3)
4. A hard materialism was my creed, accepted as a law of progress; any ascription of
disinterested motives aroused not only my suspicion but my scorn.(Para.3)
5. And now see how I stand, as sentimental and sensitive as any old maid doing water colours of
sunset.(Para.4)
6. I want my fill of beauty before I go.(Para.4)
7. …no longer what people believe me to be; a middle-aged journalist taking a holiday on an
ocean-going liner, but a liberated being, bathed in mythological waters, and Endymion young and strong, with a god for his father and a vision of the world inspired from Olympus.(Para.5)
8. All weight is lifted from my body; I’m one with the night…(Para.5)
9. Thus, I imagine, must the pious feel cleansed on leaving the confessional after the solemnity
of absolution.(Para.5)
10. So do I let my imagination play over the recesses of Laura’s character, so austere in the
foreground but nurturing what treasures of tenderness, like delicate flowers, for the discovery of the venturesome.(Para.8)
11. We might all take a lesson from him, knowing the latitude we can permit ourselves.( Para.17)
12. This is the new Edmund Carr with a vengeance.(Para.19)
13. … the Pacific alone dwarfs all the continents put together.(Para.34)
14. I have been exhilarated by two days of storm, but above all I love these purposeless days in
which I shed all that I have ever been.(Para.34)
参考答案
1. I was once so completely absorbed in the important affairs of the world that I devoted all my
attention, time and energy to them and only occasionally did I allow myself a little rest by reading poetry or listening to music.
2. Or maybe my suppressed inclination has been brought out under Laura’s unintentional
influence.
3. I was as puritanical as a Pharisee and I viewed with contempt all those who lived a less
practical life than my own and regarded them as creatures on the moon.
4. I firmly believed in uncompromising materialism which in my opinion represented the law of
human progress. When people claimed that they protested against damaging natural beauty out of unselfish motives, I suspected them and viewed them with contempt. I not only disbelieved people when they said they did things out of unselfish motives, I also held them in contempt.
5. Just imagine how I have changed now. Here I stand, sentimental and sensitive, like an old
unmarried woman painting a water-color picture of the sunset.
6. I want to enjoy beauty to my heart’s content before I die.
7. At this moment I am not the middle-aged journalists that people believe me to be, spending a
holiday on an ocean-going liner. I have now become a liberated person, bathed in magic waters, and I feel I am like Endymion, a young and strong youth who has a god for his father and gifted with the power to see the world inspired by the gods at Olympus.
8. I feel that I am weightless and totally absorbed by the night and feel at peace with the night.
9. I imagine devoted religious people must feel as clean and pure as I do now when they leave
the solemn confessional after gaining pardon for their sins.
10. In the same way I let myself freely imagine what the innermost part of Laura’s character
presents. She looks so severe outwardly, but inwardly she is full of tenderness---tenderness like delicate flowers waiting for the daring to discover them.
11. We human beings ought to learn from the wise bird, knowing how far we can allow ourselves
to go; knowing how much freedom of conduct we can allow ourselves to have.
12. Here I’m born anew, completely different from the past, changed excessively or to an unusual
extent.
13. The Pacific Ocean alone is much larger than all the continents combined.
14. A storm that lasted two days has made me extremely excited and happy, but above all, I love
these idle days in which I throw off all the qualities, perspectives, values and everything else that made me as what I was; I’m born anew.
Figures of speech (P319)
１. metonymy 2.metonymy 3.euphemism 4.personification
5.personification6.transfered epithet 7.alliteration 8.metaphor 9.transferred epithet 10.onamatopoeia
Translation( E→C)
１. 我怕可以观察她而不让她发觉，这让我感到愉悦，因为我可以像看电影一样欣赏她优雅
的动作，不论是举杯送到唇边，还是扭头与邻座交谈，或是用她那纤细的手指从烟盒中夹取香烟。
２. 当我冒昧地将这话对她将时，她对我这种笨拙的恭维报以开心的笑声，并说我最好不再
写政治评论而该行写时尚评论算了。
３. 这无疑是自己受某种本能的驱使，要用一些过去无暇顾及的更加高雅的享受来贪婪地填
补自己生命中的最后几周，释放那些在过去受到压抑但一直潜伏在自己心中的欲望。 ４. 我不知道也不想知道自己的地理位置。海上没有指向标。
５. 倘若在白天，我们远眺大海，海面上时而翻卷起犹如白色小马奔腾的浪花，时而平静的
宛若微微飘动起伏的蓝色缎面，完全见不到翻起的浪花，只有我们的轮船驶过之处才泛起一道道大理石状的波纹。
６. 我最喜爱的是悬崖峭壁，其背后是高耸云端、神秘莫测的峰峦叠嶂，那山峰只有最勇敢
的人才能攀登。
７. 同样，我让自己的想象力尽情地探索劳拉性格的最深密之处。她的性情表面上严肃可畏，
但却滋润着丰富的温柔情感，宛如娇嫩的花朵，等待有勇之士的发现。
８. 他的妻子马上出门迎接他。他们都和年轻，皮肤是金褐色的。她从他手中接过捕捞的鱼，
他们那年茅草棚充满了健康和爱。
９. 劳拉和我有一种自娱的方法，就是等着观看太阳从地平线上消失的那一瞬间产生的一道
绿色闪光。
１０. 船上的图书室里摆着一个巨大的地球仪，照我看来，它的作用就是展示海洋和充满
麻烦与烦恼的陆地之间的比例，仅一个太平洋就比所有的大陆加起来的面积还要大。 １１. 两天的暴风雨就能让我欣喜异常，但我最喜欢的还是这些漫长的无所事事的日子，
在这些日子里，我抛弃了旧我，获得了新生，可谓脱胎换骨。
范文五：高级英语答案(外研社;第三版;张汉熙主编)
第一课 Face to face with Hurricane Camille
Paraphrase:
1. We are 23 feet above the sea level.
2. The house has been here since 1915, and has never been damaged by any hurricanes.
3. We can make the necessary preparations and survive the hurricane without much damage.
4. Water got into the generator and put it out. It stopped producing electricity so the lights also went out.
5. Everybody go out through the back door and run to the car.
6. The electrical systems in the car (the battery for the starter) had been put out by water.
7. As John watched the water inch its way up the steps, he felt a strong sense of guilt because he blamed himself for endangering the whole family by deciding not to flee inland.
8. Oh God, please help us to get through this storm safely
9. Grandmother Koshak sang a few words alone and then her voice gradually grew dimmer and stopped.
10. Janis displayed rather late the exhaustion brought about by the nervous tension caused by the hurricane.
Translation (C-E)
1. Each and every plane must be checked out thoroughly before taking off. 每架飞 机起飞之前必须经过严格的检查。
2. The residents were firmly opposed to the construction of a waste incineration plant in their neighborhood because they were deeply concerned about the plant’s emissions polluting the air.居民坚决反对在附近建立垃圾焚烧厂,因为他们担心工厂排放的 气体会污染周围的空气。
3. Investment in ecological projects in this area mounted up to billions of Yuan. 在这 个地区,生态工程的投资额高达数十亿元。
4. The dry riverbed was strewn with rocks of all sizes.干枯的河道里布满了大大小 小的石块。
5. Although war caused great losses to this country, its cultural traditions did not perish. 虽然战争给这个国家造成巨大的损失,但当地的文化传统并没有消亡。 6. To make space for modern high rises, many ancient buildings with ethnic cultural features had to be demolished.为了建筑现代化的高楼大厦,许多古老的,具有民 族特色的建筑物都被拆毁了。
7. In the earthquake the main structures of most of the poor-quality houses disintegrated. 在地震中多数质量差的房子的主体结构都散架了。
8. His wonderful dream vanished into the air despite his hard efforts to achieve his goals. 他为实现自己的目标付出了最大努力, 但最后美好的梦想还是化成了泡影。
第二课 Hiroshima-the “ Liveliest ” City in Japan
Paraphrase:
1. They were so absorbed in their conversation that they seemed not to pay any
attention to the people around them.
2. As soon as the taxi driver saw a traveler, he immediately opened the door.
3. The traditional floating houses among high modern buildings represent the constant struggle between old tradition and new development.
4. I suffered from a strong feeling of shame when I thought of the scene of meeting the mayor of Hiroshima wearing my socks only.
5. The few Americans and Germans seemed just as restrained as I was.
6. After three days in Japan one gets quite used to bowing to people as a ritual to show gratitude.
7. I was on the point of showing my agreement by nodding when I suddenly realized what he meant. His words shocked me out my sad dreamy thinking
8. Any healthy visitors who saw the scene that the nurses walked by carrying nickel-plated medical instruments would have their hair stood on end.
9. Due to the illness, I have the chance to rise my moral standard.
Translation C-E Page 35
1. There is not a soul in the hall. The meeting must have been put off.礼堂里一个人 都没有,会议一定是延期了。
2. That modern construction looks very much like a flying saucer.那座现代建筑看上 去很想个飞碟。
3. Sichuan dialect sounds much the same as Hubei dialect. It is sometimes difficult to tell one from the other.四川话和湖北话在北方人听起来很相似,有时难以区别。 4. The very sight of the monument reminds me of my good friend who was killed in the battle.一看见纪念碑就想起了再战斗中死去的好友。
5. He was so deep in thought that he was oblivious of what his friends were talking about. 他陷入沉思之中,没有理会同伴们在谈些什么。
6. What he did had nothing to do with her.他干的事与她毫无关系。
7. She couldn’t fall asleep as her daughter’s illness was very much on her mind.她睡 不着觉,女儿的病使她心事重重。
8. I have had the matter on my mind for a long time.这件事长期以来一直让我放心 不下。
9. He loves such gatherings at which he rubs shoulders with young people and exchanges opinions with them on various subjects.他喜欢这些聚会,喜欢与年轻人 交往并就各种问题交换意见。
10. It was only after a few minutes that his words sank in.几分钟以后大家才领悟他 话中的含意。
11. The soil smells of fresh grass.土壤散发着青草的气味。
12. Could you spare me a few minutes? 我可以占用你几分钟时间吗?
13. Could you spare me a ticket? 你能匀出一张票子给我吗?
14. That elderly grey-haired man is a coppersmith by trade.那个上了年纪的灰头发 的人是铜匠。
第四课 The Trial That Rocked the World
Paraphrase:
1) We have some clever and unexpected tactics and we will surprise them in the trial.
2) The case had come down upon me unexpectedly and violently.
3) It hadn’t been expected by anybody, even me, that my case would become increasingly serious and turned into one of the most well-known trials in U.S. history.
4) As my father complained angrily,
5) Today it is the teachers who are brought to trial, he continued, “and then the magazines, the books and the newspapers will become the targets of fundamentalists’ convictions.
6) “ His words are not completely correct,” Darrow said impatiently, with a rough noise coming from his nose.
7) He charged Bryan for that he provoked a life-and-death struggle between science and religion.
8) People had to pay in order to have a look at the ape and to consider carefully whether apes and humans could have a common ancestry.
9) Now, Darrow brought a most powerful trick by requiring Bryan as a witness for the party of defense.
10) I felt sad for this great orator who had experienced so many debate combats, when audience pushed by him to shake hands with Darrow.
Translation:
1) I did not anticipate that 1 would get involved in this dispute.我没有预料到会卷入 这场争端。
2) You must involve yourself in the work if you want to learn something.如果你想学 到一些东西,那你自己就应该参加到这项工作中去。
3) Racial discrimination still exists in various forms in the United States though racial segregation is violating the law.虽然种族隔离室违法的,但种族歧视在美国仍然以 不同形式存在着。
4) The jury brought in a verdict of guilty after their discussion.陪审团议论了一番, 最 后裁决他有罪。
5) He thinks the two views could be reconciled.他认为这两个观点是可以一致起来 的。
6) The spectators' hearts went out to the defendant.观众对被告充满了同情心。
7) He always put a dictionary on hand while reading an article.他阅读文章时总把字 典放在手边。
8) The dam construction project has got under way before conducting environment impact assessment.还没有进行环境影响评估筑坝工程就开工了。
第六课 Mark Twain-Mirror of America
Paraphrase :
1. Mark Twain is known to most Americans as the author of The Adventures of Tom Sawyer and The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. Huck Finn is noted for his simple and pleasant journey through his boyhood which seems eternal and Tom Sawyer is famous for his free roam of the country and his adventure in one summer which seems never to end. The youth and summer are eternal because this is the only age and time we knew them. They are frozen in that age/season for all readers.
2. His work on the boat made it possible for him to meet a large variety of people. It is a world of all types of characters.
3. All would reappear in his books, written in the colorful language that he seemed to
be able to remember and record as accurately as a phonograph.
4. Steamboat decks were filled with people who explored and prepared the way for others and also lawless people or social outcasts such as hustlers, gamblers and thugs. 5. He took a horse-drawn public vehicle and went west to Virginia, following the flow of people in the gold rush.
6. Mark Twain began to work hard as a newspaper reporter and humorist to become well known locally.
7. Those who came pioneering out west were energetic, courageous and reckless people, because those who stayed at home were the slow, dull and lazy people.
8. That's typical of California.
9. If we relaxed, rested or stayed away from all this crazy struggle for success occasionally and kept the daring and enterprising spirit, would be able to remain strong and healthy and continue to produce great thinkers.
10. At the end of his life, he lost the last bit of his positive view of man and the world. Translation
1. 汤姆的聪明丝毫不亚于班上的第一名学生。
Tom was every bit as intelligent as the top boy in his class.
2. 对贫困的担心使他忧虑重重。
He was obsessed with fear of poverty.
3. 洞庭湖盛产鱼虾。
Dongting Lake teems with fish and shrimps.
4. 在压力下,他别无办法,只好离职。
Under pressure, he had no choice but quit.
5. 那时许多儿童死于天花。
Many children succumbed to smallpox then.
6. 他发现船舱里进了很多水,十分惊恐。
Much to his horror, he found the cabin flooded.
7. 直到半夜医生才做完手术。
Not until midnight did the surgeon finish the operation.
8. 彼得的特点正是如此。
That's Peter all over.
9. 历史课使我对古代文明有所了解。
The history course has acquainted me with ancient civilizations.
10. 新上演的那出话剧充分表现了年轻人的追求和烦恼。
The pursuit and anxiety of young people find expression in the newly-staged play 第十三课 No signpost in the sea
Ⅱ. Paraphrase
1. I was once so completely absorbed in the important affairs of the world that I devoted all my attention, time and energy to them and only occasionally did I allow myself a little rest by reading poetry or listening music.
2. Or maybe my suppressed inclination has been brought out under Laura ’ s unintentional influence.
3. I was as puritanical as a Pharisee and I viewed with contempt all those who lived a less practical life than my own and regarded them as creatures on the moon.
4. I firmly believed in uncompromising materialism which in my opinion represented the law of human progress.
When people claimed that they protested against damaging natural beauty out of unselfish motives, I suspected them and viewed them with contempt. I not only disbelieved people when they said things out of unselfish motives,
I also held them in contempt.
5. Just imagine how I have changed now. Here I stand, sentimental and sensitive, like an old unmarried woman painting a water-color picture of the sunset.
6. I want to enjoy beauty to my heart’ s content before I die.
7. At this moment I am not the middle-aged journalist that people believe me to be, spending a holiday on an ocean-going liner. I have now become a liberated person, bathed in magic waters, and I feel I am like Endymion, a young and strong youth who has a god for his father and gifted with the power to see the world inspired by the gods at Olympus.
8. I feel that I am weightless and totally absorbed by the night and feel at peace with the night.
9. I imagine devoted religions people must feel as clean and pure as I do now when they leave the solemn confessional after gaining pardon for their sins.
10. In the same way I let myself freely imagine what the innermost part of Laura ? s character presents. She looks so severe outwardly, but inwardly she is full of tenderness---tenderness like delicate flowers waiting for the daring to discover them. 11. We human beings ought to learn from the wise bird, knowing how far we can allow ourselves to go; knowing how much freedom of conduct we can allow ourselves to have.
12. Here I’ m born anew, completely different from the past, changed excessively or to an unusual extent.
13. The Pacific Ocean alone is much larger than all the continents combined.
14. A storm that lasted two days has made me extremely excited and happy, but above all , I love these idle days in
which I throw off all the qualities, perspectives, values and everything else that made me as what I was: I’ m born anew.
Ⅻ
. 1) He has a good eye for water-colors. 他对水彩画很有鉴赏能力。
2) The daughter ventured to object to her parents' arrangement of her marriage. 女儿大胆的反对父母对她婚事的安排。
3. Pressed by poverty, he took to stealing.
在贫困的逼迫下,他开始行窃。
4) My long journey was beguiled with novels.
在旅途中,我看小说来消磨时间。
5) I suppose you have read Mark Twain.
我想你一定读过马克吐温的书。
6) He concentrated all his attention on this problem to the exclusion of all others. 他的全部注意力都集中在这个问题上,顾不上其他问题。
7 , Our problems are piling up. We must solve them as quickly as we can.
问题堆积如山,我们必须尽快解决。
9) The sentries are relieved every four hours.
哨兵每四个小时换一次岗。
10) There was a touch of irony in his remark.
他的话里带有一定的讽刺味道。
ll) Memories of childhood are gradually receding.
我的童年回忆渐渐远去并变得模糊。
第十四课 Speech on Hitler’ s Invasion of the U.S.S.R
Paraphrase :
1.
2. Hitler was hoping that if he attacked Russia, he would win in Britain and the U.S. the support of those who were enemies of Communism.
3. Winant said the United States would follow the same policy.
4. I would say a word in favor of anyone who is attacked by Hitler, no matter how bad, how wicked or evil he had been in the past.
5. The Nazi state does not have any ideal or guiding principle at all. All it has is a strong desire for conquest and rule by the Aryan race, the allegedly most superior race in the world.
6.
Battle of England and now feel happy because they think they can easily beat the Russian air force without heavy loss.
7.
8. Let us strengthen out unity and our efforts in the fight against Nazi Germany when we have not yet been overwhelmed and when we are still powerful.
Translation :
1. This is true of the rural area as well as of the urban area. 这对农村和城市都一样 适用。
2. He was counting on their support.他指望他们给予支持。
3. I don't remember his exact words, but I'm sure he did say something to that effect.我不记得他是怎么说的,但我肯定他说话的大意是那样的。
4. The guests were overwhelmed by the warm reception.客人们对受到的热情招待 感到过意不去。
5. They overwhelmed the enemy by a surprise attack.他们用出其不意的进攻打垮了 敌人。
6. Their difficulty is our difficulty just as we view their victory as our own victory.他 们的困难就是我们的困难,正如我们把他们的胜利看作是我们自己的胜利一样。 7. It is clear that German fascists were trying to subjugate the people in that region.很 明显,德国法西斯企图使哪个地区的人民屈服于他们的统治。
