范文一:修辞学小论文
修辞学小论文:
浅析网络流行语以及其发展趋势
自从上个世纪九十年代,网络传入中国之后,短短的二十年间,网络在我们的生活当中,充着越来越重要的角色。网络不仅仅丰富了我们的生活,让我们的生活更加地多姿多彩,还缩短了人与人之间的时间空间距离,让朋友跟朋友,亲人跟亲人的联系更加方便。所有的事情都是有利有弊的,在网络发达的今天,走在街头,越来越多的“低头族”,中小学里面,越来越多带眼镜的学生。网络发达的今天,运用应该要慎重。在这里,我们要讨论的是在网络发达之下的衍生物————热门网络流行语以及其发展趋势。
对于网络流行语,每天都在运用网络(有些朋友甚至是严重依赖)的我们并不陌生。近几年来,先是QQ,再到微博、微信等通讯软件的兴起,网络流行语也应运而生。在我的记忆当中,中国大陆最早的网络流行语应该就是“火星文”吧。“火星文”源自台湾,随着《劲舞团》等网游在大陆的流行,这一潮流随着网游等渠道进入大陆,一部分网友开始延续这种独特的文字,并自创了适合简体中文发挥的输入方式,比如“劳エ”(老公)、“侽喷叐”(男朋友)、“蒶ロ耐·”(很可爱),迅速在当时的游戏玩家中兴起来,当时作为青少年的80后是这一网络流行语的主要传播者,通过当时最热门的通讯软件,迅速在少年群体当中热起来。纵观近几年的网络流行语,跟网络前期发展时期的不一样,所用的群体不再单一化,整个受众各个职业,各个年龄段的都有,并且,网络用语的主题不再是拗口难懂的文字,有些甚至是声情并茂的,带有音调语调的。现在的网络流行语随着网络传播的越来越完善,传播的速度极其迅速,例如:网络流行语“DUANG”,意思是“加特效”,含戏虐性“很好玩”味道。2015年2月24日前后,一部由成龙代言的曾被工商部门打假的广告再次被网友们挖出来进行了新一轮恶搞。而这次恶搞的主要内容则是将成龙和庞麦郎的《我的滑板鞋》进行了神一般的同步成《我的洗发水》,一句“Duang”成了网络上最新最热门的词语。
“拍这洗头水广告的时候,其实我是拒绝的”这句经典的广告台词许多人并不陌生,这是2004年成龙代言霸王洗发水的广告词,这部曾被工商部打假的广告被B站的一位up主:绯色toy恶搞,将成龙和庞麦郎的《我的滑板鞋》进行了神一般的同步,于2015年2月20日发布了鬼畜视频“我的洗发水”。随后b站up主泪腺战士在微博上分享视频,并被疯狂转发,使得该视频引起上百万的点击。此后各微博大V纷纷转发此视频。于是duang字便
被发明了。一句“Duang”成了网络上最新最热门的词语。
又例如近来在微信朋友圈里面热起得“主要看气质”,其实一开始大家都不清楚其来源,只是乘机想要发个自拍臭美一下,这种无害的文字,迎合了现今社会乐于分享自己生活细节的部分人群,随即人们了起来。通过万能的朋友圈,以及微信各大公众大号的宣传,例如佛山本土的微信公众大号“我爱大佛山、佛山吃喝玩乐直通车,大佛山美食树”等的推送,一两天便变得热门起来。又如“本宝宝”的热起,作为二十多岁的成年人,整天在朋友圈里面自称“本宝宝”,同样地是受到强大的微信朋友圈的影响,还有就是一种想要“撒娇”,却无地可用的无奈,其实是现在通讯发达的同时的一种内心孤寂的体现。
跟前几年的网络流行语相对比,近两三年来的网络流行语显得较为朗朗上口,容易记忆还有传播,或者是契合受众乐于表现自己的心理,跟网络流行语兴起初期的拗口,受众较少不一样,现在的网络流行语有着受众多样化,不再是初期青少年或者是游戏主的专利,现在网络流行语的受众,各个年龄段以及职业都有,例如:在校大学生,在职的白领,又或者是中年的爸爸妈妈,自由职业的人们等等。并且,在微信通讯软件的用户分析调查当中,各种类型的人员成为新用户,这种网络流行语受众多元化的趋势会越来越迅猛。二十一世纪初的“火星文”,火星文由符号、繁体字、日文、韩文、冷僻字或汉字拆分后的部分等非正规化文字符号组合而成。怎么看都像是乱码或打错的字,用法也不同于汉字那么规范,从字面上根本无法了解。因为这种原因,注定其受众只能为乐于接受新生事物的青少年群体,难以扩大。而网络发达的今天,更新换代的速度更加快,正所谓“长江后浪推前浪,前浪死在沙滩上”,因此网络流行语都有转瞬即逝的特点,新的网络流行语很快又会取代旧的网络流行语。 除此之外,还有就是,在网络越来越发达的今天,网络暴力用语也是经常出现的,恶俗的词语也莫名其妙地流行起来,例如带有骂人、侮辱成分的“你妹”、“蛋疼”“草泥马”以及“卧槽”这些,都是粗鄙不堪的,但又因为网络的便利与发达,使得这类的粗俗网络用语得以流传并且热起,不得不说,网络的发达下,也是有利有弊的,作为一个成熟的成年人,我们需要正确地使用网络。从我做起,不说不传播网络污秽粗俗流行语,并且引导好比我们年轻的弟弟妹妹们,共同促进网络的好的发展势头。
时代在发展,网络也在日新月异地变化发展,各种类型的网络流行语在这样的大背景之下,只会发展地越来越迅速,网络流行语的内容越来越接近生活,具有朗朗上口的特点,同样地随着微信,QQ等通讯软件的用户增长以及电子产品更新换代的迅速,网络用语也会有低多元化,用户群体多元化和低龄化的趋势。总的来讲,网络流行语真的是跟我们越来越息息相关了。
范文二:修辞学论文
浅析白岩松《我的故事以及背后的中国梦》之
修辞与题旨情境内容
【摘 要】修辞是人们准确表达生活的必要手段。修辞要适应题旨情境,要根据作者表达思想内容的需要恰当地运用各种修辞方法,以达到准确、鲜明、生动地表达思想的需要。修辞方法是题旨情境的表现形式,题旨情境决定修辞方法的运用,内容决定形式,形式为内容服务。本文将就修辞同题旨情境的关系,对白岩松在耶鲁大学发表的演讲《我的故事以及背后的中国梦》进行浅析。
【关键词】修辞 必要手段 适应 题旨情境 决定
陈望道在《修辞学发凡》中提出“修辞以适应题旨情境为第一义”。什么是题旨?题旨就是要表达的思想内容,大致包括主题思想和写说目的两个方面。修辞运用恰当的语言形式,总是为了表达特定的内容,因此,修辞与题旨的关系,就是形式与内容的关系。唯物辩证法认为,形式与内容是辩证地统一在一起的。内容必须用形式表现出来,形式也必然有其表现的内容。在内容与形式的关系上,内容决定形式,形式反作用于内容。修辞所要表达的内容决定了人们采用与之相适应的修辞形式,适合内容的修辞形式可以更好地来表达内容。在本篇演讲稿中,毋庸置疑,题旨就是题目,即我的故事以及背后的中国梦。演讲内容围绕着“故事”和“中国梦”展开。以自己出生的年份1968年作为开始,讲述了1968年、1978年、1988年、1998年、2008年五个年份的故事,讲述了自己如何从一个边远小城的绝望孩子,成长为见证无数重要时刻的新闻人,并以个人命运为线索折射了四十年中美关系发生的深刻变化。虽然为我们呈现了5个年份的场景,但是题旨始终是“故事”以及“中国梦”。
情境即语境,语境就是语言环境。狭义的语境指语言交际时的上下文或前言后语。我们说一句话,常有上下文。这里的上下文,既包括紧贴在它前后的语句,也包括出现在它前后的其他语句。广义的语境是就语言外部环境而言的,既包括交际者的身份、职业、水平、修养、处境、心情等主观因素,又包括语言交际的时间、地点、场合、对象、背景等客观因素。总之,语境是影响语言交际的相关因素的总和。之前也提到,整个演讲分成了5个部分,展现了5个不同的情境。1968年,法国发生巨大的街头骚乱,美国总统肯尼迪遇刺,马金路德金先生倒
下了,但是“我有一个梦想”站起来了,而就是这一年白岩松出生;1978年,白岩松的爷爷趋势,两年前父亲去世,母亲一个人抚养兄弟哥俩,那一年他10岁。还有一个大事件就是中国与美国建交,中国发生了很大的变化;1988年,白岩松到北京上大学,那一年他20岁。而就在这一年,耶鲁大学又出了一位总统;1998年,白岩松成为中央电视台的新闻主持人。同一年,尼克松总统访华;2008年,非耶鲁大学学生奥巴马成为美国总统。奥运会在北京成功举办,但是汶川却发生了大地震。
同时在本篇演讲稿中,也运用了大量的修辞。修辞是人们准确表达生活的必要手段。修辞要适应题旨情境,要根据作者表达思想内容的需要恰当地运用各种修辞方法,以达到准确、鲜明、生动地表达思想的需要。修辞方法是题旨情境的表现形式,题旨情境决定修辞方法的运用,内容决定形式,形式为内容服务。
一、 “双关”的修辞手法。
(一)“过去的二十年,中国一直在跟美国的三任总统打交道,但是今天到了耶鲁我才知道,其实他只跟一所学校打交道。但是透过这三位总统我也明白了,耶鲁大学的毕业生的水准也并不很平均”。这些文字作为此次演讲的开端,其实很讨美国民众的喜欢。“中国一直在跟美国的三任总统打交道,但是今天到了耶鲁我才知道,其实他只跟一所学校打交道”一表达中国与美国的交流密切;二表达耶鲁大学卓有成效的教育。此修辞运用的很得体,因为耶鲁确实出了三位总统,这是一个真实的情境。然而,如果耶鲁大学没有出过总统,此修辞的运用就是阿谀奉承,而且会让人一下子对此次演讲失去兴趣。
(二)“中国与美国的距离非常遥远,不亚于月亮与地球之间的距离”。此句也是基于真实情境中的修辞。一方面,美国与中国在地理上的距离真的很遥远;另一方面,那一年美国与中国并未建立外交关系,来往甚少,了解甚少。
(三)“我看不到这个家庭的希望,只是会感觉,那个时候的每一个冬天都很寒冷,因为我所生活的那个城市离苏联更近。”此句也采用了基于事实的“双关”修辞。内蒙古确实与苏联相近,冬天很干冷。同时,也表明了当时白岩松家庭状况的窘迫。
二、“幽默诙谐”的修辞方法
(一)第一要讲的年份是1968年。那一年我出生了。但是那一年世界非常
乱,在法国有它的这个,巨大的街头的骚乱,在美国也有,然后美国的总统肯尼迪遇刺了,但是的确这一切的原因都与我无关。“但是的确这一切的原因都与我无关”含有“幽默诙谐”的修辞手法。在演讲中,幽默诙谐的修辞手段必不可少。
(二)“中国都很难卖出好价钱。就像很多很多年之前,在中国所有的城市里流行着一种叫加州牛肉面,加利福尼亚牛肉面。相当多的中国人都认为,美国来的东西一定非常非常好吃。所以他们都去吃了。即使没那么好吃的话,由于觉得这是美国来的,也没有批评。这个连锁的快餐店在中国存在了很多年,直到有越来越多的中国人来到美国,在加州四处寻找加州牛肉面,但是一家都没有找到的时候,越来越多的中国人知道,加州是没有这种牛肉面的。”以诙谐的说法,阐明了中美之间存在的差异以及中美人民交流的缺少;
三、“比喻”的修辞手法
(一)“这个时候我已经第一次地尝试过可口可乐,而且喝完可口可乐之后会觉得中美两个国家真的是如此接近,因为它几乎就跟中国的中药是一样的。”将“可口可乐”比作“中国的中药”,不仅表达了中美建交后,贸易往来的频繁;同时也表达了美国的生活习惯渐渐融入中国。
在此片演讲稿中,作者用了很多例子向我们阐述了修辞与题旨情境的关系。修辞来源于社会生活,又高于生活,是准确表达社会生活的必要手段。修辞方法是题旨情境的表现形式,题旨情境决定修辞方法的运用,内容决定形式,形式为内容服务,二者是相互依存的辩证统一的关系。那么,人们在实践中如何掌握和正确运用修辞方法,使之能更好地适应题旨情境呢?笔者认为,人们除了要注意以上论述的三点之外,还要在实践中循序渐进地反复学习,充分了解被反映事物的性质、特征,对自己所要表达的题旨有深刻的理解,要正确掌握各种修辞方法的种种特点,并能恰当地运用各种修辞方法以及掌握使用它们的技巧,准确地 表达具体的思想内容。只有这样,才能使题旨与情境相适应。
参考文献:
1、
2、
3、 陈望道《修辞学发凡》,上海教育出版社1979。 寸镇东《语境与修辞》,贵州人民出版社1996。 邵敬敏《现代汉语通论》,上海教育出版社2001。
4、
5、 骆小所《现代修辞学》,云南人民出版社1999。 王希杰《修辞学通论》,南京大学出版社1996。
范文三:修辞学期末论文
修辞学期末论文——脑筋急转弯的语言艺术
脑筋急转弯是个很有趣的语言学问。在生活中,它能使我们乐开怀,丰富我
们茶前饭后的生活,能使我们在轻松的氛围中体会到语言的魅力。修辞学研究交
际活动中的语言问题,脑筋急转弯就是其任务之一,学习了一学期的修辞学之后,
我就部分知识来研究一下脑筋急转弯的语言艺术。
一. 问题平易普通,篇幅较长;答案言简意赅,令人“哭笑不得”。
其长短安排,在修辞学来说,就是长短错落有致。
首先来说一下为什么要用“哭笑不得”来定义答案,那是因为它虽然是
对的,和问题吻合,但是总是和人的思维有很大的落差,且和问题的耐心诉
述不同,很简短,所以给人一种哭笑不得的感觉。短句子在下结论时,简洁
有力,让人不得不信服。再加上语言和逻辑上是不同的,在交际活动中必然
会出现矛盾,所以其答案令人哭笑不得。
其次再说问题。问题较答案来说,多选长句(注:此处所说的长句,是
和答案的极其简短相对比的)。长句信息丰富,气势充畅,脉络分明。所以问题
选用长句,就有一种解释清楚,明白的感觉,能够充分引起被问者的思考。
再次,长句问题和短句答案搭配起来,就能形成充分的解释和出乎意料
的答案的结合,这样,脑筋急转弯的效果就显现出来了。
例:
盆里有6只馒头,6个小朋友每人分到1只,但盆里还留着1只,为什么?
答案:最后一个小朋友把
盆子一起拿走了。
冬天,宝宝怕冷,到了屋里也不肯脱帽。可是他见了一个人乖乖地脱下
帽,那人是谁? 答案:理发师
你能做,我能做,大家都做;一个人能做,两个人不能一起做。这是做什么?
答案:做梦
从以上例子分析,的确是问题的信息更多,更丰富,如:倒数第一个,用两
个分句来分析解释,答案却只有两个字。这样,就达到我所叙述的语言效果了。
二. 脑筋急转弯在表达时有其微妙的偏离性。
从理论上讲,人们在交际市场上的一切言语活动,一切话语,都是对全社会
公认的客观存在的语言和语言用的规则。我们不妨把脑筋急转弯的问题想的“善
意一点”,因为它毕竟是对的,在试图给人解释一样东西。但是为什么往往让人
想不到答案呢,我想,就是这种微妙的偏离性在“作怪”。
例:一位卡车司机撞倒一个骑摩托车的人,卡车司机受重伤,摩托车骑士
却没事,为什么? 答案:卡车司机当时没开车
用铁锤锤鸡蛋为什么锤不破? 答案:铁锤当然不会破了
第二个例子更有说服力一些。巧妙的利用:“锤”字的动词意义和名词意义
在造成这种表达上的偏离。
三.脑筋急转弯多用修辞格来满足其表达效果
修辞格又称辞格,修饰方式,是为了提高修辞行为的效果而运用的组织
语言材料的策略性方法。
脑筋急转弯以它混淆人的思维著称,故一定用了很多修辞格来使表达丰满。 例:大熊猫一生中的最大遗憾是什么? 答案:没有彩色照片
世界上什么样的海最大? 答案:苦海,苦海无崖
一只小狗在沙漠中行走,它带了充足的水和食物,也找到了直的电线竿, 上面也没有挂上“请勿随地大小便”,为什么还是死了?
答案:那时小狗太多,它无法靠近电线竿。
如上,就是用拟人的手法让表达丰富,令人忍俊不禁。
三. 脑筋急转弯有时会用谐音,或者是同音字来“误导”答题人。 例:先有男人,还是先有女人? 答案:因为男人是先生的,所以叫“先生” 歇后语也可以以脑紧急转弯的形式表现出来,且其谐音表达的例子更多,不妨来以此观之。
二两棉花一张弓---细弹(谈)
七姐逢嫦娥---仙(现)对仙(现)
小葱拌豆腐--- 一青(清)二白
土地喊城隍---神呼(乎)其神
大车拉煎饼---摊(贪)得多了
小秃脱帽子---头明(图名)
孔夫子的褡裢子---尽是书(输)
孔夫子的行李---尽书(输)
毛八的弟弟---毛九(冒救)
这样的谐音,充分地展示了语音的“以假乱真”的功能。
四. 附加意义丰富
附加意义是指在词的理性意义基础上的意义,包括:感情色彩意义,形象色彩意义,语体色彩意义,以及风格意义。
刚才提到歇后语,从本人所查阅的资料来看,歇后语在艺术表达上,附加意义上更丰富。仍因歇后语为例,来扩展补充脑筋急转弯的附加意义项。
补锅匠的脊梁 背黑锅
半天云中拍巴掌 高手
冰糖葫芦 一串一串的
放了气的皮球答案: 软蛋
如上,前两者是讲感情色彩的,后两者是形象色彩的例子。
以上就是本人总结的关于脑筋急转弯的语言艺术,总结的过程不仅仅是完成作业,更是一种灵活运用知识,学习的过程,而且,在找语例的过程中,看到了很多题目,给自己带来了很多快乐。我觉得,知识和快乐都体现在生活中,我们应该以小见大,从生活琐事中掌握学习的真谛。
范文四:英语修辞学论文
英语修辞学?结课论文——
Beaut?iful Rheto?ric Of Engli?sh lyric?s
学院:外国语学院?
班级:20121?73
名字:汪 江
学号:20121?7317
Beaut?iful Rheto?ric Of Engli?sh lyric?s
Abstr?act: This paper? intro?duces? the Engli?sh commo?n rheto?rical? devic?es - rhymi?ng, simil?e, perso?nific?ation? and paral?lel to each analy?sis with examp?les of their? speci?fic appli?catio?n and perfo?rmanc?e aesth?etics? of the lyric?s in Engli?sh, is desig?ned to help learn?ers impro?ve their? Engli?sh langu?age skill?s and appre?ciati?on of the effec?tive use of Engli?sh langu?age abili?ty.
Keywo?rds: Engli?sh lyric?s Rheto?rical? Appre?ciati?on
1. INTRO?DUCTI?ON
Each langu?age has its own song, each langu?age songs? are its langu?age and the essen?ce of highl?y refin?ed, espec?ially? Engli?sh songs?, epito?mized? the rheto?rical? featu?res of the Engli?sh langu?age. To some exten?t, the beaut?iful langu?age plus the use of rheto?ric, like to make Engli?sh lyric?s like poetr?y lyric?al, rhyth?mic and poeti?c. Peopl?e learn? Engli?sh lyric?s often? only stay in vocab?ulary? and gramm?ar, but for peopl?e with a certa?in level? of Engli?sh, if famil?iar Engli?sh songs? commo?n rheto?ric, rheto?ric pheno?menon? not only helps? ident?ify a varie?ty of the langu?age, under?stand? the laws of Rheto?ric and incre?ase the accur?ate and effec?tive use of langu?age to enhan?ce the aesth?etic appea?l of the langu?age.
2. Engli?sh lyric?s in commo?n rheto?rical? and aesth?etic appre?ciati?on
Autho?r rhymi?ng, simil?e, metap?hor, perso?nific?ation? paral?lel five-prong?ed appro?ach, combi?ning a large? numbe?r of insta?nces, the Engli?sh lyric?s in commo?n rheto?rical? class?ifica?tion appre?ciati?on, and striv?e to explo?re the Engli?sh lyric?s rheto?ric commo?n perfo?rmanc?e chara?cteri?stics? and beaut?y.
2.1 rhyme?
The most commo?n are allit?erati?on and rhyme?, words? denot?ing the begin?ning or endin?g phone?mes repea?t play rende?ring the atmos?phere?, heigh?ten the emoti?onal effec?t, so sonor?ous melod?y, struc?ture prett?y neat, incre?asing? the harmo?ny and beaut?y of langu?age. For examp?le:
Liter?ature? is a fusio?n of facts? and ficti?on or repre?senta?tion of roman?ce and reali?ty.
Man propo?ses, God dispo?ses.
Appre?ciati?on Repre?senta?tive Lyric?s:
2.1.1. She may be the song that Summe?r sings?...
She may be the beaut?y or the beast?
May be the famin?e or the feast?
May turn each day into a heave?n or a hell
Selec?ted: 2.1.2. Goodb?ye my frien?d?it’s?hard?to?die? When all the birds? are singi?ng in the sky Now that sprin?g is in the air Prett?y girls? are?ev’rywhe?re Think? of?me?and?I’ll?be?there? Selec?ted: 2.2 simil?e Simil?e is usual?ly the "body" is a metap?hor and metap?hor for the "Vehic?les" at the same time to say, the body and the vehic?le body descr?ibed the simil?ariti?es betwe?en, usual?ly repre?sente?d by a prepo?sitio?n like, conju?nctio?ns as, verbs? seem like. For examp?le: Thoug?hts glanc?e quick? like light?ning throu?gh the heart?. The deser?t was still? like the sky. Appre?ciati?on Repre?senta?tive Lyric?s: 2.2.1. When the sky is brigh?t as the eye of the bird…? When the night? is weari?ng its darke?st face And the world? is like a stone? Selec?ted: The first? excer?pt of the lyric?s with the show sky as brigh?t as a bird's eye, relax?ed autho?r vivid?ly expre?ss the physi?cal, menta?l, emoti?onal pleas?ant feeli?ng. The secon?d part begin?s with the lyric?s "When the night? is weari?ng its darke?st face ..." refle?cts the autho?r with a prepo?sitio?n like to feel the cold as a stone? in the world? on the stree?ts of peopl?e such as weavi?ng, phras?e simil?e allow?s us to profo?und, parti?cular?ly appre?ciate? the autho?r's alone?. The two halve?s of simil?e form a sharp? contr?ast, highl?ighti?ng the autho?r wants? to becom?e the subje?ct of a kite desir?e for freed?om. 2.2.2. It's the same old sun up in the sky And your voice? in my ear is like heave?n to me Like the breez?es here in old Shang?hai Selec?ted: This is the first? "Shang?hai Breez?e" is John Denve?r to Shang?hai to visit? his wife after? the creat?ion of the songs?. "And your voice? in my ear is like heave?n to me. Like the breez?es here in old Shang?hai" two use the typic?al rheto?rical? simil?e, to your voice? liken?ed to heave?n and breez?es, "your voice? in my ear, liste?ning it just depen?ds on the same day as this old Shang?hai breez?e ", vivid?ly demon?strat?ed by the autho?rs and peopl?e yearn?ing horiz?on apart?, the autho?rs also showe?d stron?g thoug?hts of love. Heave?n unrea?l misty?, Breez?es touch?ed not catch?, there? is also a dista?nt feeli?ng so vivid?ly demon?strat?ed a yearn?ing conte?xt. 2.3 Metap?hor Metap?hor is a furth?er metap?hor simil?e, also known? as "compr?essed? simil?e"; it does not show trace?s of analo?gy, metap?hor of the body hidde?n in the body. Metap?hor and simil?e, like the image? in order? to more deepl?y expla?in the affai?r, and enhan?ce the stren?gth of the langu?age. For examp?le: Love is photo?genic?. It needs? darkn?ess to devel?op. Every? man is a moon, with a dark side he doesn?’t?show?anybo?dy. Appre?ciati?on Repre?senta?tive Lyric?s: 2.3.1. You’re?my?bread? when?I’m?hungr?y You’re?my?shelt?er from the troub?le winds? You’re?my ancho?r?in?life’s?ocean? …? Selec?ted: This song is a maste?rpiec?e of Ameri?can count?ry music?, lyric?s autho?rs bread?, shelt?er and ancho?r metap?hor play diffe?rent roles? at diffe?rent occas?ions wife, husba?nd to his wife's grati?tude was palpa?ble. These? three? simpl?e words? metap?hor, fully? embod?ies the Ameri?can tradi?tiona?l value?s, the role of husba?nd, wife, home to impor?tant. 2.3.2. Two drift?ers, off to see the world?, There?'s such a lot of world? to see. …? My huckl?eberr?y frien?d, Moon River? and me. Selec?ted: On the Moon River? metap?hor into my best frien?d, both anthr?opomo?rphic? appro?ach, they repre?sent the two feeli?ngs like Mark Twain?'s two novel?s of Tom and Huckl?eberr?y as deep. The metap?hor also deepe?r meani?ng, since? the ratio? of autho?r Tom, is a long-term resid?ence in the city but could? not endur?e the hards?hips of urban? life and hypoc?risy, while? visit?ing the Moon River?, enjoy? the quiet? life of the count?rysid?e, as Huckl?eberr?y gener?al, came moon River? happy? retur?n to real life, reall?y Mengs?ui gener?al, as peopl?e frust?rated?. From anoth?er persp?ectiv?e, the metap?hor of the human? love focus?sed on the scene? (Moon River?), it was extre?mely movin?g 2.4 Paral?lelis?m Paral?lelis?m is a rheto?rical? devic?e of the same or simil?ar gramm?atica?l struc?tures?, seman?tical?ly relat?ed terms? used in paral?lel. Paral?lel struc?tures? not only make rhyth?mic langu?age, resul?ting in a harmo?nious? music?al beaut?y, but also make more clear? and fluen?t expre?ssion? of ideas?, a stron?g expre?ssion?. Poetr?y is the langu?age of the lyric?s, songw?riter? paral?lel struc?tures? are often? used to expre?ss thoug?hts and feeli?ngs. For examp?le: Pover?ty entai?ls fear, stres?s, and somet?imes depre?ssion?. Many great? figur?es were given? to daydr?eamin?g, indec?ision? when they were teena?gers. Appre?ciati?on Repre?senta?tive Lyric?s: Some say love it is a river? that drown?s the tende?r reed Some say love it is a razor? that leave?s your soul to bleed? Some say love it is a hunge?r and endle?ss achin?g need I say love it is a flowe?r?and?you?it’s?only?seed? It’s?the?heart? afrai?d of break?ing that never? learn?s to dance? It’s?the?dream? afrai?d of wakin?g that never? takes? the chanc?e It’s?the?one?who?won’t?be?taken? who canno?t seem to give And the soul afrai?d of dying? that never? learn?s?to?live?… Selec?ted: This song exten?sive use of paral?lel struc?tures?, such as "Some say love it is ...;. It's the + n afrai?d of ...;. The + n has been ...". Lyric?s struc?tural? symme?try with each other? again?st the backg?round?, conte?nt contr?asts great?ly enhan?ces the perfo?rmanc?e of the inten?sity of the lyric?s, so profo?undly? revea?led the love of peopl?e for all kinds? of exper?ience?. Yes ah, "some say love is a river?, easil?y drown?s the tende?r reed; Some say love it is a razor?, that leave?s your soul to bleed?; some say love it is a hunge?r An endle?ss pain . I need I say love it is a flowe?r; and you are the only seed. "Poeti?c langu?age by slowl?y flowi?ng out of paral?lel struc?tures?, struc?tural? beaut?y, rhyth?m all in one. 3. Concl?usion? Use a varie?ty of rheto?rical? devic?es to make Engli?sh songs? rhymi?ng sound?s, disti?nct rhyth?m, lyric?s extre?mely rich, fully? refle?cts the forma?l beaut?y of the Engli?sh langu?age, the rhyth?m of beaut?y, rhyth?m. Rheto?rical? Featu?res of Engli?sh lyric?s for impro?ving langu?age aware?ness and cultu?ral aware?ness, the abili?ty to impro?ve their? Engli?sh writi?ng and Engli?sh texts? of great? benef?it appre?ciati?on. In addit?ion, the inten?sity of the rheto?ric given? the charm? of langu?age perfo?rmanc?e allow?s us to more deepl?y exper?ience? the beaut?y of the Engli?sh langu?age, so as to stimu?late a stron?g desir?e to learn? more. Refer?ences?: [1] Georg?e O. Curme?著,汪璜译.英语句法[M].北京:商务印书馆?,1989. [2] 张维.英语词汇学?[M].北京:外语教学与?研究出版社?,1997. [3] 疯狂英语编?辑部.听歌学英文?[M].南昌:江西文化音?像出版社,2002. [4] 刘强.流利英语唱?出来[M].广州:广州世界图?书出版公司?,2004. [5] 董俊.英语平行结?构的美学价?值[J]. Sino-US Engli?sh Teach?ing,2008,5(1). [6] 李静.关于英语语?言修辞[J].中国科教创?新导刊,2009(5). [7] 马英.英语的语言?与歌曲[J].安阳师范学?院学报,2004 The Fact The article, The Fact, describes a story about a journalist, who was sent to Africa to find some detailed information about a president ?s palace, which was requested by the editor. However, he broke the regulations. Finally, he was arrested by the police. The author wrote this article with some intended audiences. People who are interested in the news and the journalists may choose to read this article. Also, there exist some people who have similar experiences to the journalist. They may also pay close attention to these kinds of articles. And people who work in this area may also pay attention t such articles, such as the editors. According to Kenneth Burke ?s identification theory, the journalists ? sufferings deserve some sympathy. People who have similar experiences to journalist may show their sympathy for him. And the author wrote this article to attract people?s attention to the journalists and he hoped that this phenomenon will not happen again. We do have to care about them. But at the same time, we have to find out the causes for his sufferings. It is due to the media power. As we all know, the editor abused his power to chase some economic interests so that this tragedy happened. As a matter of fact, ?the media is just the message.? We all have to recognize this point. What the media brings to us is just some information. And there is no need pursuing some so-called exact information with much cost. In terms of historical-cultural context, the editors ? behavior had some historical reasons. Since they were from America, their readers may mostly be the white people. However, they still wanted the supports from African people. The editor sent the journalist to collect such detailed information, with the intention that they can amuse the African people. Only in this way can they become stronger and stronger and make profits enough. It is the economic profits that lead such things happen. And this really deserves our attention. Economic profits are important, but the editors cannot only pursue them. The “fact ” in the title refers to the information in the news which the journalists had to figure out, while the ?fact ? has other meanings. The author wanted to use this example to tell people the journalists ? situation and appeal people to keep a watchful eye on them. Meantime, the author told us that the media power has great effects on the society. On one hand, people who work in this area are affected by it. They have to do a lot of things to finish their task asked by their boss whether they want or not. On the other hand, the editors themselves are affected by media power. How to use it appropriately is a big question for them. If they use it correctly, they can have more audiences and achieve what they want. Otherwise, they will lose their reputation and something else. The author used such wonderful techniques to express his opinions indirectly. Based on what I mentioned above, the author may be the journalist?s colleague or someone who has similar experience to him. And his real purpose is to appeal people to give more attention to them so that they can live and work more freely and happily. What?s more, we all have to know that information is not so important that journalists have to collect them with much cost. With the development of technology, media has great effects on human life. Because of the advanced technology, people are access to more and more information. And media became a new way which can be reached fast and conveniently. As a result, people? subjectivity was affected a lot. 范文五:修辞学论文