范文一:直译和意译的区别
直译”与“意译”异同辨析
摘 要: “直译”与“意译”这两种翻译方法在实际翻译过程中应用最普遍,是最常见的两种翻译方法。两者之间存在相同点和异同点,有其各自独特的特点。
一、 所谓“直译”就是既保持原文内容,又保持原文形式的翻译方法或翻译文字。特别要注意的是:“直译”中要杜绝“生搬硬套的翻译”,
二、所谓“意译”,就是只保持原文内容,不保持原文形式的翻译方法或翻译文字。也就是说,“意译”主要从意义出发,只要求将原文大意表达出来,不需过分注重细节,但要求译文自然流畅。特别要注意的是: “意译”也不等于“信口开河,不着边际的翻译”。
三、“直译”与“意译”这两种翻译方法的共同点在于:目的相同。无论是直译还是意译,都是要准确地表达原作者的本意,没有好坏之分。
四、两者的区别在于:直译对“忠于原文”的要求较高,这类翻译一般用在科技、法律等需要用绝对精确且不让人产生歧义的语言来翻译的文章。
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范文二:英语学习之直译和意译的区别
英语学习之直译和意译的区别
1.It' s a Smoke Free Area.
直译:它是个自由吸烟区。
意译:它是个无烟区。
2 .Shakespeare put his hometown on the map.
直译:莎士比亚把他的家乡放在了地图上。
念译:莎土比亚使他的家乡声名远扬。
3 .John would not come out of his shell and talk to others at the party. 直译:晚会上,约翰不愿从壳里钻出来与其他人说话。
琢译:晚会上,约翰不愿丢掉矜持与别人交谈。
4 He is a rough-and-ready character
直译:他是个粗兽并有准备的人.
念译:他是个粗鲁但尚能顶用的人。
5_He got into trouble when he paid his bills with rubber checks. 直译:他用橡皮支票付账,并给自己带来了麻烦
意译:他用空头支票结账,并给自己带来了麻烦
6 .Frank ran circles around the other boys on the basketball team. 直译:弗兰克绕着篮球队的其他男孩儿转圈。
意译:在篮球队里弗兰克的技术最好
7 .On a rainy day the children sometimes ran their mother ragged. 直译:在雨天,孩子们有时候把他们的母亲跑得衣衫槛楼。
意译:在雨天,孩子们有时候把他们的母亲闹得筋疲力尽。
8 .The teacher sat on his student as soon as he began showing off. 直译:学生一开始炫耀,老师就坐在了他的身上。
意译:学生一开始炫耀就被老师打断了。
9 .Inexperienced people get stars in their eyes when they think of improving the world.
直译:没有经验的人一想到改善世界就会眼睛里面冒星星。
意译:没有经验的人一想到改善世界就迫不及待。
10. My father was a loyal member of his party and always voted the straight ticket.
直译:我爸爸忠于他的党派,而且总是直接投票。
意译:我爸爸忠于他的党派,而且总是把票投给他那个党派的候选人。
本文来自美联英语 http://www.enguo.com/hy/?tid=384074
范文三:意译直译的区别英语类
Liter?al and Free Trans?latio?n I
直译和意译?
一般笔译以?直译为主, 口译 以意译为主?。
直译在笔译?中占70%而意译占3?0%。
为了尊重句?子原意,如果直译正?确应当选用?直译。但是直译容?易出错,一旦出错就?要考虑意译?。在口语和文?化差异的翻?译上直译容?易出错的。其中文化差?异包括在成?语、俚语、俗语、名言、格言等。
1.Sente?nce Trans?latio?n
1)Helen? said in her best party? manne?r.
海伦(Helen?)彬彬有礼地?说/有礼貌地说?/有风度地说?/幽默地说。
2)Didn’t she ever swear? she would? never? again? belie?ve anyth?ing in trous?ers?in trous?ers 难道她不是?发过誓再也?不相信任何?男人了吗,穿着裤子的?人根据句子?译成“男人”?
3)Beaut?y is only skin deep.
美丽只不过?是一张皮而?已。
4)Don’t do your own thing?, or you will met with failu?re.笔译时如果?直译正确的?话,应选择直译?
不要只顾做?自己的事情?,否则你会失?败的。直译
不要一意孤?行,否则你会失?败的。意译
)The eleva?tor girl reads? books? betwe?en passe?ngers?.这句意译比?较合适 5
开电梯的女?孩在没有乘?客的时候读?书。
6)He was a man of integ?rity, but unfor?tunat?ely he had a certa?in reput?ation?, I belie?ve the reput?ation? was not deser?ved.
他是一个正?直的人,但不幸的是?他有某种坏?名声。我认为这种?名声是不应?该有的。 7)The flowe?r girl,"Will you pay me for them?" 这卖花姑娘?:“你能把这些?花全买了吗?,”?
The daugh?ter,"Do nothi?ng of the sort,mothe?r. The idea!"根据上下文?推测情景理?解、翻译 女儿说:“别听她的,妈妈。你想得真美?啊~”?
2.Idiom? Trans?latio?n
dark horse? 黑马;black? sheep? 害群之马;lucky? dog 幸运儿;old dog 工作卖力的?人; cold fish 冷漠的人;odd fish 古怪的人;old fish 老头,老家伙;
hen-pecke?d husba?nd 妻管严;Justi?ce has long arms 天网恢恢,疏而不漏; Face is as impor?tant to man as the bark to the tree.人要脸,树要皮。
One boy is a boy, two boys half a boy, three? boys no boy.一个和尚提?水喝,两个和尚挑?水喝,三个和尚没?水喝。
eat one’s words? 收回所说的?话take? back one’s words?
make one’s hair stand? on end 毛骨悚然
3.Passa?ge Trans?latio?n
1) Women? don’t fall in love as easil?y as men do.
女人并不像?男人那样容?易陷入爱河?/爱上对方。
Men tend to be roman?tics,often? falli?ng in love more quick?ly than women?, who tend to focus? on pract?ical consi?derat?ions in choos?ing a mate.
男人倾向于?浪漫,经常比女人?更快陷入爱?河而女人在?选择伴侣时?倾向于注意?考虑实际问?题。 Women? are looki?ng for long-term quali?ties in a partn?er.
女人在伴侣?身上寻求专?一的品质。
For more than men, they allow? their? heads? to contr?ol their? heart?s.
比起男人,她更能够让?理智控制情?感。
Even thoug?h women? may ache for love, they carry? aroun?d an inner? evalu?ator who asks,can I count?
on this man?
即便女人渴?望爱情,她们会自己?问自己:我能指望这?个男人吗,
So any man who hopes? to sweep? a woman? off his feet had bette?r lengt?hen his timet?able, and pay as
much atten?tion to chara?cteri?stics? such as kindn?ess and depen?dabil?ity as he does to his hair, his clot
h?es and his savoi?r-faire?.
因此想要让?女人对己倾?心的男人最?好延长他的?追求时间,就像注重自?己的发型、服饰和社交?方式一样,尽量表现出?诸如体贴、可靠等特点?来。
中译英中在?文化差异上?,例如熟语的?翻译,常常通过意?译来达到“信、达、雅”,注意意译时?要抓关键词?~
1.Trans?latio?n of Idiom?atic Phras?es
1) 塞翁失马,焉知非福
如果直译的?话,是这样的:
When the old man on the front?ier lost his mare, who could? have guess?ed it was a bless?ing in disgu?ise?
很明显直译?是在讲个故?事,但是却无法?体现成语要?表达的因祸?得福的意思?。所以我们需?要意译:
A loss may turn out to be gain.
黄鼠狼给鸡?拜年,没安好心
同样如果直?译:
the wease?l goes to pay his respe?cts to the hen witho?ut good heart?
这句话前半?句可以直译?,但是“没安好心”应该意译成?“没有好的意?图”: the wease?l goes to pay his respe?cts to the hen witho?ut good inten?tions?
八仙过海,各显神通
直译:like the eight? immor?tals cross?ing the sea
明显无法表?达出神通,而且译成英?文给外国人?看的话,谁知道这个?典故呢, 意译:Each one shows? his or her talen?t/prowe?ss/skill?s.
但是如果中?西文化都能?接受的情况?下,能直译就直?译。
以卵击石
throw? an egg again?st a stone?/rock(这里用ag?ainst?最形象)
杞人忧天
这里是一个?中国典故,如果直译还?要解释杞人?是谁,为什么要忧?天,所以我们选?择意译: groun?dless?/unnec?essar?y fear/anxie?ty(这里用短语?表示)
班门弄斧
这个可以保?留短语原本?结构直译,但要翻得完?整,意译也行:
直译:show off skill?s with the axe befor?e Lu Ban,a maste?r carpe?nter 意译:show off befor?e exper?ts/speci?alist?s 或用短语 teach? fish to swim
范文四:意译直译的区别 英语类
Literal and Free Translation I
直译和意译
一般笔译以直译为主, 口译 以意译为主。
直译在笔译中占70%而意译占30%。
为了尊重句子原意,如果直译正确应当选用直译。但是直译容易出错,一旦出错就要考虑意译。在口语和文化差异的翻译上直译容易出错的。其中文化差异包括在成语、俚语、俗语、名言、格言等。
1.Sentence Translation
1)Helen said in her best party manner.
海伦(Helen)彬彬有礼地说/有礼貌地说/有风度地说/幽默地说。
2)Didn’t she ever swear she would never again believe anything in trousers?in trousers 难道她不是发过誓再也不相信任何男人了吗?穿着裤子的人根据句子译成“男人”
3)Beauty is only skin deep.
美丽只不过是一张皮而已。
4)Don’t do your own thing, or you will met with failure.笔译时如果直译正确的话,应选择直译
不要只顾做自己的事情,否则你会失败的。直译
不要一意孤行,否则你会失败的。意译
5)The elevator girl reads books between passengers.这句意译比较合适
开电梯的女孩在没有乘客的时候读书。
6)He was a man of integrity, but unfortunately he had a certain reputation, I believe the reputation was not deserved.
他是一个正直的人,但不幸的是他有某种坏名声。我认为这种名声是不应该有的。
7)The flower girl,"Will you pay me for them?"
这卖花姑娘:“你能把这些花全买了吗?”
The daughter,"Do nothing of the sort,mother. The idea!"根据上下文推测情景理解、翻译 女儿说:“别听她的,妈妈。你想得真美啊!”
2.Idiom Translation
dark horse 黑马;black sheep 害群之马;lucky dog 幸运儿;old dog 工作卖力的人; cold fish 冷漠的人;odd fish 古怪的人;old fish 老头,老家伙;
hen-pecked husband 妻管严;Justice has long arms 天网恢恢,疏而不漏;
Face is as important to man as the bark to the tree.人要脸,树要皮。
One boy is a boy, two boys half a boy, three boys no boy.一个和尚提水喝,两个和尚挑水喝,三个和尚没水喝。
eat one’s words 收回所说的话take back one’s words
make one’s hair stand on end 毛骨悚然
3.Passage Translation
1) Women don’t fall in love as easily as men do.
女人并不像男人那样容易陷入爱河/爱上对方。
Men tend to be romantics,often falling in love more quickly than women, who tend to focus on practical considerations in choosing a mate.
男人倾向于浪漫,经常比女人更快陷入爱河而女人在选择伴侣时倾向于注意考虑实际问题。 Women are looking for long-term qualities in a partner.
女人在伴侣身上寻求专一的品质。
For more than men, they allow their heads to control their hearts.
比起男人,她更能够让理智控制情感。
Even though women may ache for love, they carry around an inner evaluator who asks,can I count on this man?
即便女人渴望爱情,她们会自己问自己:我能指望这个男人吗?
So any man who hopes to sweep a woman off his feet had better lengthen his timetable, and pay as much attention to characteristics such as kindness and dependability as he does to his hair, his clothes and his savoir-faire.
因此想要让女人对己倾心的男人最好延长他的追求时间,就像注重自己的发型、服饰和社交方式一样,尽量表现出诸如体贴、可靠等特点来。
中译英中在文化差异上,例如熟语的翻译,常常通过意译来达到“信、达、雅”,注意意译时要抓关键词!
1.Translation of Idiomatic Phrases
1) 塞翁失马,焉知非福
如果直译的话,是这样的:
When the old man on the frontier lost his mare, who could have guessed it was a blessing in disguise?
很明显直译是在讲个故事,但是却无法体现成语要表达的因祸得福的意思。所以我们需要意译:
A loss may turn out to be gain.
黄鼠狼给鸡拜年,没安好心
同样如果直译:
the weasel goes to pay his respects to the hen without good heart
这句话前半句可以直译,但是“没安好心”应该意译成“没有好的意图”:
the weasel goes to pay his respects to the hen without good intentions
八仙过海,各显神通
直译:like the eight immortals crossing the sea
明显无法表达出神通,而且译成英文给外国人看的话,谁知道这个典故呢?
意译:Each one shows his or her talent/prowess/skills.
但是如果中西文化都能接受的情况下,能直译就直译。
以卵击石
throw an egg against a stone/rock(这里用against最形象)
杞人忧天
这里是一个中国典故,如果直译还要解释杞人是谁,为什么要忧天,所以我们选择意译: groundless/unnecessary fear/anxiety(这里用短语表示)
班门弄斧
这个可以保留短语原本结构直译,但要翻得完整,意译也行:
直译:show off skills with the axe before Lu Ban,a master carpenter
意译:show off before experts/specialists 或用短语 teach fish to swim
范文五:音译和意译(二)
音译和意译(二)
家具网 http://www.ijiaba.com/
淘táo淘t?o:丁dīn?丁din?,上shàn?次cì你nǐ说shuō了le一yí半bàn,音yīn译yì和h?意yì译yì究jiū竟jìn?哪nǎ种zhǒn?方fān?式shì更?an?好hǎo呢ne,
丁dīn?丁din?:各?a有yǒu各?a的de优yōu点diǎn吧b?,音yīn译yì简jiǎn洁ji?易yì记jì,能n?n?够??u用y?n?简jiǎn单dān的de词cí语yǔ表biǎo达dá丰fēn?富fù的de内nai容r?n?,但dàn是shì对duì于yú初chū次cì接jiē触chù这zha个?e词cí的de人r?n来lái说
shuō,会huì一yì头t?u雾wù水shuǐ,意yì译yì则z?相xiān?反fǎn。
淘táo淘t?o:哦?,是shì这zha样yàn?。那nà么me人r?n们men究jiū竟jìn?如rú何h?决ju?定dìn?翻fān译yì的de方fān?法fǎ呢ne,
丁dīn?丁din?:还hái是shi根?ēn据jù习xí惯?uàn吧b?,而?r且qiě如rú今jīn社sha会huì发fā展zhǎn日rì新xīn月yua异yì,很hěn多duō外wài来lái词cí来lái不bu及jí思sī考kǎo推tuī敲qiāo就jiù先xiān用y?n?起qi来l?i了le。使shǐ用y?n?过?u?程ch?n?中zhōn?也yě会huì发fā生shēn?演yǎn变biàn。
淘táo淘t?o:还hái会huì变biàn,
丁dīn?丁din?:是shì的de,不bù少shǎo外wài来lái词cí会huì经jīn?历lì一yí个?e从c?n?最zuì初chū的de音yīn译yì形xín?式shì到dào意yì译yì形xín?式shì的de变biàn化huà过?u?程ch?n?。久jiǔ而?r久jiǔ
之zhī,音yīn译yì形xín?式shì反fǎn而?r被bai人r?n们men淡dàn忘wàn?了le。比bǐ如rú青qīn?霉m?i素sù,以yǐ前qián叫jiào“盘pán尼ní西xī林lín”。
淘táo淘t?o:总zǒn?是shì音yīn译yì转zhuǎn变biàn成ch?n?意yì译yì吗m?,
丁dīn?丁din?:也yě不bú尽jìn然rán,也yě有yǒu回huí归?uī音yīn译yì的de。提tí醒xǐn?、提tí示shì别bi?人r?n的de信xìn息xī我wǒ们men更?an?愿yuàn意yì说shuō小xiǎo“贴tiē士shì”。
淘táo淘t?o:如rú果?uǒ音yīn译yì和h?意yì译yì能n?n?够??u完wán美měi融r?n?合h?该?āi多duō好hǎo啊?。
丁dīn?丁din?:也yě有yǒu这zha样yàn?的de词cí语yǔ哦o。比bǐ如rú俱jù乐la部bù,英yīn?语yǔ叫jiàoclub,发fā音yīn相xiān?近jìn。
淘táo淘t?o:对duì,字zì面miàn的de意yì思si让ràn?人r?n想xiǎn?到dào娱yú乐la放fàn?松sōn?的de场chǎn?所suǒ。
丁dīn?丁din?:黑hēi客ka,也yě叫jiào骇hài客ka,英yīn?语yǔ叫jiàohacker。指zhǐ电diàn脑nǎo高?āo手shǒu,会huì黑hēi别bi?人r?n的de电diàn脑nǎo或hu?者zhě网wǎn?站zhàn。
淘táo淘t?o:是shì挺tǐn?骇hài人r?n的de。
丁dīn?丁din?:还hái有yǒu经jīn?典diǎn的de汽qì车chē品pǐn牌pái宝bǎo马mǎ和h?奔bēn驰chí。
淘táo淘t?o:对duì啊?,宝bǎo马mǎ、奔bēn驰chí既jì是shì音yīn译yì,也yě让ràn?人r?n感?ǎn受sh?u到dào驾jià乘ch?n?这zha样yàn?的de汽qì车chē,必bì定dìn?风fēn?驰chí电diàn掣cha,简jiǎn直zhí绝ju?了le~
丁dīn?丁din?:可kě是shì音yīn译yì和h?意yì译yì常chán?常chán?不bù能n?n?兼jiān顾?ù,只zhǐ能n?n?有yǒu所suǒ取qǔ舍shě。
淘táo淘t?o:取qǔ舍shě,
丁dīn?丁din?:对duì,比bǐ如rú著zhù名mín?的de
格??陵lín?兰lán岛dǎo的de“格??陵lín?兰lán”意yì思si是shì绿lǜ洲zhōu,如rú果?uǒ翻fān译yì成ch?n?绿lǜ洲zhōu岛dǎo就jiù没m?i有yǒu标biāo志zhì性xìn?,所suǒ以yǐ干?ān脆cuì叫jiào格??陵lín?兰lán岛dǎo。
淘táo淘t?o:有yǒu道dào理lǐ。
丁dīn?丁din?:而?r著zhù名mín?的de牛niú津jīn大dà学xu?的de名mín?字zi就jiù很hěn有yǒu意yì思si。
淘táo淘t?o:别bi?卖mài关?uān子zi,快kuài说
shuō。
丁dīn?丁din?:牛niú津jīn大dà学xu?英yīn?文w?n名mín?是shìOXFORD。
淘táo淘t?o:音yīn译yì可kě以yǐ叫jiào奥ào克ka斯sī福fú德d?――好hǎo普pǔ通tōn?的de名mín?字
zi,而?r且qiě很hěn难nán记jì。
丁dīn?丁din?:Ox是shì牛niú的de意yì思si,Ford是shì浅qiǎn滩tān。
淘táo淘t?o:牛niú的de浅qiǎn滩tān,也yě够??u难nán听tīn?的de。
丁dīn?丁din?:泰tài晤wù士shì河h?和h?柴chái威wēi尔ěr河h?在zài大dà学xu?那nà儿er汇huì合
h?,河h?水shuǐ不bù深shēn,用y?n?牛niú拉lā车chē即jí可kě涉sha水shuǐ而?r过?u?,牛niú津jīn由y?u此cǐ得d?名mín?。津jīn就jiù是shì渡dù水shuǐ的de
地dì方f?n?。
淘táo淘t?o:果?uǒ然rán好hǎo听tīn?很hěn多duō。
丁dīn?丁din?:最zuì有yǒu趣qù的de是shì电diàn影yǐn?名mín?字zi的de翻fān译yì。有yǒu一yí部bù电diàn影yǐn?叫jiào《Home Alone》,翻fān译yì过?uo来
l?i叫jiào“独dú自zì在zài家jiā”。
淘táo淘t?o:听tīn?上sh?n?去qu很hěn一yì般bān呢ne。
丁dīn?丁din?:其qí实shí这zha部bù电diàn影yǐn?的de译yì名mín?叫jiào“小xiǎo鬼?uǐ当dān?家jiā”。
淘táo淘t?o:原yuán来lái是shì这zha部bù电diàn影yǐn?啊?,还hái是shi“小xiǎo鬼?uǐ当dān?家jiā”这zha个?e译yì名mín?好hǎo。
丁dīn?丁din?:音yīn译yì也yě好hǎo,意yì译yì也yě罢bà,正zhan?应yìn?了le那nà句jù广?uǎn?告?ào语yǔ:取qǔ舍shě之zhī间jiān,彰zhān?显xiǎn智zhì慧huì。
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