范文一:不定代词+复合代词
不定代词
一、概念:凡不是用来指明代替任何特定名词的代词叫做不定代词。
(二)、用法讲解及举例:
1、some和any
(1)、some和any都表示“一些”,既可修饰可数名词,又可修饰不可数名词
(2)、some一般用于肯定句,any一般用于否定句、疑问句和条件句
(3)、在疑问句中,当说话人希望得到肯定回答或表达请求、建议时,
用some而不用any
Would you like some coffee?
(4)、any也可用于肯定句,表示“任意一个”
You can take any of my pen away.你可以带走我的任何一支笔。
2、many和much
(1)、都表示“许多、很多”,many修饰可数名词复数,much修饰
不可数名词
(2)、都可与表示程度的副词如:so, too, as, how连用: so/too/as/how+many+可数名词复数
so/too/as/how+much+不可数名词
注意区分:too much和much too。可根据就近原则, too much+不可数名词,表示“太多”;
There is too much water in the cup.
much too+形容词,表示“太…”
The coat is much too small for him.
3、few和little
(1)、都表示“少”,其中few修饰可数名词,谓语动词用复数形
式;little修饰不可数名词,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式
(2)、a few和a little表示肯定,few和little表示否定 如:
He has a few friends. 他有几个朋友。
He has few friends. 他几乎没有朋友。
We still have a little time. 我们还有点时间。
There is little time left.几乎没剩下什么时间了。
(3)、固定搭配:
only a few (=few) not a few (=many) quite a few (=many)
4、each和every
(1)、都表示“每一个”,指代或修饰可数名词,谓语动词用第
三人称单数形式。但each作同位语时,不影响谓语动词单
复数形式,即谓语动词根据名词或代词的单复数而定
如: The tickets each cost 10 dallars.
(2)、each强调个体;every强调整体
Every student in our school works hard. 我们学校的学生都很用功。 Each student may have one book.. 每个学生都可有一本书。
(3)、each用于两者或两者以上的情况,而every只能用于三者
或三者以上,且each可与of连用,而every不能
5、either和neither
(1)、either指两者中的任意一个,neither指两者都不
(2)、either+可数名词单数,谓语动词用单数,如:Either side of the river
is beautiful.
either可以表示也,用于否定,如:I won’t do it, either.我也不会去做。
either作代词,either+of+可数名词复数,谓语动词用单数
Either of my parents is kind.
——Would you like coffee or tea?
——Either is ok.(都可以)
用于固定搭配Either A or B,谓语动词就近原则
Either he or they know it.
Either they or he knows it.
(3)、neither+可数名词单数,谓语动词用单数,如:
Neither side of the river is beautiful.
河两边都不漂亮。
——Would you like coffee or tea?
——Neither.(都不可以)I would like some milk.
用于固定搭配neither A nor B, 两者的完全否定,谓语动词就近原则,如:
Neither the students nor the teacher knows anything about it.
Neither he nor they are right.
6、both和all
(1)、both用于肯定句,表示“两者都”
both+of+可数名词复数,用于两者,表示两者都。如:Both of my parents are teachers.
both A and B结构,谓语动词根据就近原则。如:Both she and I are students。
both不与not连用,若要表示否定,则用neither
(3)、all用于三者及以上,表示“所有,全部”
all+of+the+可数名词复数,谓语动词用复数,表示所有都
All of the girls are beautiful.
all +of +the+不可数名词,谓语动词用单数,表示所有都
All of the milk was bad.
all 与not连用,表示部分否定,若表完全否定,用none of.
7、one
表示“一个”,泛指,表示与前面的同类而不同物,其复数形式为
ones
I can't find my hat. I think I must buy one. (泛指)
我找不到我的帽子了。我想我该去买一顶。
The hat you bought is bigger than that I bought. (同类但不同个) 你买的那顶帽子比我买的大。
8、another
表示“另一个”,泛指, 表示与前面的同类而不同物
I don’t like this book. Please show me another(=another book). Would you like to give me another piece of cake?
9、other(s)和 the other(s)
(1)、other,单独使用是形容词,意思是“别的,其他”,泛指“其他的(人或物)”
Ask some other people.
Do you have any other question(s)?
(2)、others是other的复数形式,泛指“另外的”,不清楚明确的数量。 Some of us like singing and dancing, others go in for sports.
(3)、the other特指两个人或物中的另一个,后面不接名词
He has two daughters. One is a nurse, the other is a worker.
the other后面接名词,加单数名词,特指两个中的另一个,other作形容词,如: On the other side of the street,there is a tall tree.
(4)、the others意思是“其他东西,其余的人”。 特指一个明确具体数量的范围内的剩下的所有其他人或物。
There are 32 girls in my class, the other students(=the others) are boys.
10、none
none既指人也指物,可接of短语+可数名词复数,指三者及以上 none of 是all的完全否定
复合不定代词
(一)、复合不定代词有:
(二)、用法讲解
1、someone, somebody, something,用于肯定句
anyone, anybody, anything,表示“任何人,任何事”时可用于肯定句,表示“某人、某事”时,用于疑问句和否定句
谓语动词都用单数
Somebody/Someone is waiting you at the door.
There is something wrong with your head.
2、与形容词连用时,形容词放后面
He found something strange.
Is there anybody important here? 这儿有大人物吗?
3、含-one和-body等指人的复合代词可有-’s属格形式。如:
Everybody’s business is nobody’s business.大家的事情没人管。 Is this anybody’s seat? 这儿有人坐吗?
4、含-one和-body等指人的复合代词后跟else时,-’s属格应加在else之后。如:
Can you remember someone else’s name? 你还记得其他人的姓名
吗?
5、含-thing等指事物的复合不定代词没有-’s属格形式
someone,anyone,everyone都只能指人,且不和介词of连用;some one,any one,every one则既可指人又可指物,可与介词of连用。例如:
Anyone should be polite to every one of them.任何人都要礼貌对待他们中的每一个人。
---Which toy would you like? ---Any one is OK. ---你要那个玩具?---随便。
6、someone,anyone,everyone都只能指人,且不和介词of连用;some one,any one,every one则既可指人又可指物,可与介词of连用。例如:
Anyone should be polite to every one of them.任何人都要礼貌对待他们中的每一个人。
---Which toy would you like? ---Any one is OK. ---你要那个玩具?---随便。
7、no one(=nobody)“没有人”,只用来指人,通常不和介词of连用;none“没有一个”,既可以用来指人也可用来指物。例如:
No one can do it better. 没有人能做得更好。
None of these questions is easy, and none of us can even answer any one of them.这些问题没有一个是容易的,我们中没有一个人能答出其中的一题。
回答who引导的特殊疑问句时用no one;回答how many引导的特殊疑问句时用none。例如:
---Who was late ? ---No one. ---谁迟到了?---谁也没有迟到。
---How many pigs do you keep? ---None. ---你养几头猪?---一头也没养。
8、复合代词习语:
nothing but 只是
anything but 绝不是
someone(=somebody)重要人物、出色人物
范文二:初三英语 “复合不定代词副词”
初三英语 “复合不定代词/副词”时,要特别注意以下三大要点:
一、 掌握构成
复合不定代词/副词由some, any, no, every 与thing, one, body, where 等构成。如: something, someone, anyone, nobody, somewhere, anywhere, nowhere等。
二、 明确用法
1. 通常情况下含有some 的不定代词/副词,如: something, somebody, someone, somewhere常用于肯定句;含有any 的不定代词/副词,如:anything, anybody, anyone, anywhere用于否定句和疑问句。如:
There is something wrong with your eyes.
你的眼睛有毛病了。
Is there anything in that box?
那盒子里有什么东西吗?
但在表示请求、建议、反问等疑问句中,问话者希望得到肯定答复时,常用含有some 的不定代词/副词,如: something, somebody, someone, somewhere等。如:
Will you ask someone to carry the box for me?
你找人替我扛这箱子好吗?
另外,anyone, anywhere也可用在肯定句中,表示“任何人”,“无论哪里”。如: Anyone can do this.
任何人都会做这个。
You may leave your bag anywhere in the room.
你把包放在房间的什么地方都行。
2. 复合不定代词表示单数概念,作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。如:
Everything begins to grow in spring.
春天万物开始生长。
3. 复合不定代词被形容词、动词不定式等修饰时,形容词和动词不定式等应置于其后。如:
I have something important to tell you.
我有重要的事情告诉你。
4. 在反意疑问句中,表示人的复合不定代词在陈述句中作主语时,附加疑问句中的主语要用he 或they ;表示物的复合不定代词在陈述句中作主语时,附加疑问句中的主语要用it 。如:
Everybody enjoyed reading the book, didn’t he / they?
每个人都喜欢看这本书,是吗?
Everything goes well, doesn’t it?
一切顺利,是吗?
三、注意转换
运用复合不定代词/副词时还应注意否定句与肯定句的转换。带有no 的复合不定代词、副词相当于 “not + 带有any 的复合不定代词/副词”。如:
I saw nothing in the room. = I didn’t see anything in the room.
我在屋子里什么也没看见。
There’s nobody.=There isn’t anybody.
那儿没人
范文三:新概念英语复合不定代词(副词)
复合不定代词(副词)
定义:由some, any, every, no和one, body, thing ,where(副词)一起构成的代词叫做不定代词。不定代词代指的对象不确定或没必要提到或不愿意被提到。
构成:
不定(副词)
Somewhere anywhere everywhere nowhere
He had nowhere to go. 他无处可去。
A few dollars goes nowhere now. 现在几块美元几乎买不到什么东西了。
I can't find my pen ,I've looked everywhere. 我到处找那支钢笔,可就是找不到。 We must find somewhere to live. 我们必须找个地方住下。
We welcome guests from anywhere. 我们欢迎四方宾客。
特点:
一、一般情况下,some构成的复合不定代词,其作用和some相同,用于肯定句;any构成的复合不定代词用于否定句或疑问句;no构成的复合不定代词,同样可以用于肯定句但表示否定含义
I have something to tell you. 我有事要告诉你。
He didn’t say anything at the meeting yesterday. 昨天在会上他没发言。
There is nothing wrong with your ears.
There is nothing with your car
There is something wrong with your eyes.你的眼睛有毛病了
注意:由any构成的复合不定代词用在肯定句中的情况,带有“任何人,任何事”的意思
Anyone who breaks the law will be thrown into prison.
Anyone can do this job
注意:带有no的复合不定代词、副词相当于"not+any的复合不定代词(注意转换)
I saw nothing in the room.
=I didn't see anything in the room.我在屋子里什么也没看见
There's nobody there.
= There isn't anybody there
二、复合不定代词在句子中作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数形式。
Everybody likes swimming. 每个人都喜欢游泳
Nobody knows his name. 没有人知道他的名字。
Not everyone likes English. Everything begins to grow in spring.春天万物开始生长
Everything goes well. 一切顺利
三、不定代词的定语要后置。
Is there anything important in today’s newspaper? 今天的报纸上有什么重要新闻吗? I have something important to tell you.
四、something可用于提建议或请求的问句中,以及希望说话对方作出肯定回答的问句中。
Would you like something to eat? 你要吃点东西吗?
Will you ask someone to carry the box for me? 你找人替我扛这箱子好吗?
五、一般情况下,用nothing 回答以what 开头的问题,nobody (no one) 回答who 开头的
问题。
What’s on the table? Nothing.
Who is in the classroom? Nobody. ( No one).
复合不定代词(副词) 习题
根据句意,选用适当的复合不定代词、副词填空。(something, anything, nothing,everything, anybody, everybody, somebody, nobody, somewhere, anywhere,everywhere)
1. A:Is _________ here today?
B:Yes, we're all here. _________ is away.
2. A:Is there _________ in the red box?
B: No, there is _________ in it.
3. There is _________ wrong with my bike.It doesn't work.
4. Jim! _________ is waiting for you at the school gate.
5. In spring, _________ begins to grow.
6. There is _________ knocking at the door. Please go and see who it is.
7. The maths exam was very difficult. I don't think _________ could pass it.
8. I can't find my pen. I think _________ took it.
9. _________ is in the room, are they?
10. Does _________ live on that hill?
11. There's _________ new and important in today's newspaper.
12. —Who is in the classroom?
—It's empty. _________ is in it.
13. Maybe _________ put my pen _________ .I find it _________ , but I can't find it _________ .
14. We didn't go _________ else yesterday.They went _________ else, either.
15. Would you like _________ to drink?
16. We tried _________ , but _________ worked.
参考答案:
1.everybody, Nobody 2. anything, nothing 3.something 4.Somebody 5.everything 6.somebody
7.anybody 8.somebody 9.Nobody 10.anybody 11.something / nothing 12. Nobody 13.somebody, somewhere, everywhere, anywhere 14.anywhere, nowhere 15.something 16.everything, nothing
范文四:初中英语复合不定代词
复合不定代词
One body thing
Some someone somebody something
Any anyone anybody anything
Every everyone everybody everything
No no one nobody nothing
(1) 复合不定代词被形容词 动词不定式等修饰时,形容词和动词不定式等
位置置于其后
I have something important to tell you
There is nothing wrong with the radio.
Do you want anything to drink?
(2) 复合不定代词表示单数概念,做主语时,谓语动词用单数形式
Everything begins to grow in spring.
(3) Some-通常用于肯定句中 any-通常用于否定句或疑问句中
但在表示请求、建议、反问等的疑问句中,问话者希望得到肯定答复时,常用含有some-的不定代词,如someone somebody
Would you like sth to eat?
范文五:不定代词和复合代词
不定代词概说
不是指明代替任何特定名词(或形容词)的代词叫做不定代词。不定代词有:
some 一些(可数或不可数) either任何一个(指两个当中)
somebody 某人 each每个
someone 某人 every每个
something某物,某事 everybody每人,大家,人人
any一些,任何(可数或不可数) everyone每人
anybody任何人 everything每一个事物,一切
anyone任何人 other (s)另一个(些)
anything任何事物 another另外一个,又一个
no 无(可数或不可数) much很多(不可数)
nobody无人 many很多(可数)
no one无一人 few很少(可数)
nothing无物 a few一些,几个(可数)
all全体,全部 little很少(不可数)
both两个 a little一些(不可数)
neither没有人或物(指两个当中) one一个(人或物)
none没有人或物(指两个以上)
不定代词的用法
不定代词大都可代替名词和形容词,在句中可用作主语、宾语、表语和定语。如:
1)用作主语
Both of them are waiters.他们俩人都是男侍者。
Is everybody here?人都到了吗?
2)用作宾语
I know little about the novel关于这本小说我知道的很少。
I am speaking for myself,not for others.我只代表自己,不代表别人发言。
I was interested in everything that the old man told me.我对于这位老人告诉我的一切都感兴趣。
3)用作表语
That's all for today. class is dismissed.今天就讲这一些。现在下课。
This book is too much for me.这本书对我说太难了。
4)用作定语
Study well and make progress every day.好好学习,天天向上。
He has some English books.他有一些英文书。
china will become a powerful modern country in another twenty years.再过二十年中国将成为现代化强国。
[注]有些不定代词也可用作同位语和状语。如:
Wang and Li both made good progress.王和李两人都有很大进步。(同位语)
They all went to the Zoo.他们都去动物园了。(同位语)
Are you any good at mathematics?你数学好吗?(状语)
The meeting lasted some two hours.会议进行了两个小时左右。(状语)
复合不定代词
由some,any,no,every加上-body,-one,-thing构成的不定代词,叫做复合不定代词。
1)复合不定代词有
a) somebody 某人 someone某人 b) anybody 任何人 anyone 任何人
something某物,某事 anything任何事物
1
c) nobody 无一人no one无一人
nothing [5nQWiN]无一物
2)复合不定代词的用法
a)复合不定代词只相当于名词,在句中用作主语、宾语和表语。如:
Everything is made of elements.任何东西都是元素构成的。(作主语)
I have got nothing to say.我没有什么话要说。(作宾语)
something和anything的区别与some和any的区别一样,前者一般用于肯定句,后者一般用于否定句、疑问句或条件状语从句中。如:
Have you anything to say about this question? -No, I haven't anything to say. (或I have nothing to say.)(或Yes, I d)everybody,everyone每人,大家,人人 everything每一个事物,一切 have something to say.) 关于这个问题,你有什么话要讲吗?--我没有什么话要讲。(我有话要说。) She told them something about her work.她跟他们谈了一些关于她的工作上的事。(作宾语)
b)复合不定代词被形容词所修饰时,形容词须放在它们的后面。如:
There is nothing wrong with the lathe.这个车床没有毛病。
is there anything important in today's newspaper?今天报纸上有什么重要消息吗?
I need somebody strong to help me.我需要一个体格强壮的人帮助我。
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