人间哪有真情在4764797
范文一：2018虹口区初三一模英语
Part 2 Phonetics, Grammarand Vocabulary
(第二部分语音、语法和词汇)
II.Choose the best answer(选择最恰当的答案) (共 20分)
26. Which of the following underlined parts is different in pronunciation?
27. We have to share the kitchen for _______ time being.
A) a B)an C) the D)/ 28. The local government is planning to dig _______ the mountain to make a tunnel(隧道) .
A) across B)through C) above D)throughout 29. The film Wolf Warriors 11turned _______ to be a big success in 2017.
A) out B)over C) on D) down 30. She is brave enough to express _______ in public now.
A) she B)her C) herself D) hers 31. The old man has so _______ friends that he feels very lonely.
A) few B)much C) many D) little 32. People are worried about the _______ of the 7-year-old boy who has been missing for two days.
A) save B)safe C) safely D) safety 33. Jane felt much _______ after she told her worries to her close friend.
A) good B)better C) best D) the best 34. — Can I fish here?
— No, you _______ The signsays, “No fishing.”
A) mustn’t B)needn’t C) may not D) shouldn’t 35. Do you still want to go camping in such cold weather _______have you changed your mind?
A) and B)or C) but D) so 36. Tom won’t play computer games _______ he finishes his homework.
A) if B)so that C) unless D) although 37. We haven’t decided _______ we will hang the new painting.
A) what B)where C) which D) why 38. The living conditions in the countryside _______ greatly in recent years.
A) improve B)improved C) have improved D) will improve 39. Jane, _______ eat too many sweets. They are bad for your teeth.
A) not to B)doesn’t C) don’t D) not 40. These invitations _______ to the customers by the secretary yesterday.
A) email B)emailed C) are emailed D) were emailed 41. The little girl refused _______ the medicine because it was too bitter.
A) take B)taking C) to taking D) to take 42. I have just finished _______ the review of the film I saw yesterday.
A) write B)writing C) to writing D) to write 43. Mr. White rarely shares his opinions with his workmates,_______?
A) does he B)do esn’t he C) is he D) isn’t he 44. —You don’t look well. What’s wrong with you?— _________
A) I have got a terrible stomachache. B) I won the first place in the contest.
C) There is nothing serious. D)I’m surprised at the result.
45. — ___________
— Have a nice day!
A) My family will have a barbecue today. B) Let’s go to the cinema, shall we?
C) Would you like to have a picnic with us? D) I succeeded in passing the driving test.
III. (将下列单词或词组填入空格,没空格限填一词,每词只能添一次) (共 8分)
For many people, personal privacy(独处) is very important. In many homes a few minutes in the bathroom is all the privacy that is available.
Teenagers especially need their own personal space at home where they can feel relaxed and private. But, of brother or sister. In that .it’s a good idea for them to have a special area or of the room. It’s especially important for young people to have somewhere to keep their personal things. This may or may not be a tidy place and it is not a good idea for parents to try and tell teenagers how to organize their space as this is likely to arguments. Parents can, however, make sure that there are enough storage spaces
such as shelves, cupboards and boxes. This will allow the teenagers to keep their space tidy if they want to.
has always been a mysterious land to foreigners. In 2008 a documentary (纪录片) called Wild China was broadcast on BBC. There were six episodes(集) in all— Heart of the Dragon, Shangri la, Tibet, Beyond the Great Wall, Land of the Panda and Tides of Change. This 300-minute long documentary shocked the audience with China’s beautiful scenery.
Wild China may be the best of China. However, it is more than a travelogue. The documentary not only wildlife of China but also the way it and interacts with human life. From high definition cameras, you can see the beautiful Himalayas and the Gobi desert; you can take a look at the hills of Southern China filled with rice paddies(水稻田) and the land of the panda; you can also discover how silk is collected and the history of the Silk Road.
It is interesting to see what our motherland from foreigners’ eyes. If you are too busy to travel around China, you are in luck because Wild China can take you on a visual journey of our motherland.
IV . (用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子。没空格限填一词) (共 8分)
54. People are very pleased with food ___________ this month.(price)
55. Let’s take the lift to the restaurant on the ___________ floor.(twenty)
56. The ___________ local culture is beginning to attract the attention of the world. (tradition)
57. The walls were ___________ blue and white in color. (main)
58. Let me show you how to ___________ the new machine. (operation)
59. It’s a ___________ to share my ideas with all of you.(pleasant)
60. It’s common ___________ that the day becomes longer and longer when summer comes. (know)
61. Maggie loves the freedom of ___________ travel very much.(depend)
V. (根据所给要求完成句子。 62— 67小题没空格限填一词) (共 14分)
62. My car broke down on my way to work this morning.(改为一般疑问句)
_____________ your car ___________ down on your way to work this morning?
63. Jack is taking Chinese poems as a course to learn about Chinese culture.(对划线部分提问)
______________________ Jack taking Chinese poems as a course?
64. The couple will start on a journey around the world tomorrow.(保持句意基本不变)
The couple will ___________ ___________ on a journey around the world tomorrow.
65. The public transportation is developing very quickly these years.(改为感叹句)
___________ ___________ the public transportation is developing these years!
66. The journalist will interview some students tomorrow.(改为被动语态)
Some students will ___________ ___________ by the journalist tomorrow.
67. What does the Belt and Road mean? Can you tell us?(两句并一句)
Can you tell us ___________ the Belt and Roan ___________?
68. not, it’s. to, very safe, over the Internet, pay
_____________________________________________________________
Part 3 Reading and Writing(第三部分读写)
VI.Reading comprehension(阅读理解) (共 50分)
A.Choose the best answer(根据短文内容,选择最恰当的答案) (共 12分)
Riverside High School is home to three very special young people: Alan, Mary and Natalie. These three students all give up several hours each week to help out other people.
Mary loves animals and plans to be a vet. Every Saturday morning, while other teens are playing sports, studying or sleeping. Mary is helping out at an animal hospital. But volunteering brings its own reward, according to Mary. “Sure, I work hard,” she says, “but I’m also learning a lot about animals.”
Natalie likes reading. She taught herself to read at the age of four. She works as the volunteer at an After School Reading Center, helping young people to read. “Volunteering is great,” saysNatalie, “because you can do things that you love to do and help others at the same time.”
Alan wants to be a professional singer. Most weekends, he works at a charity hospital. Volunteers don’t receive any money. For Alan, the reward comes in bringing happiness to others. Alan says, “Everyone should do some kind of volunteer work. It makes me learn to appreciate what I have and cherish the little things in life. Then the world would be a better place.”
Now, Mary, Alan and Natalie have a plan to join in a volunteer abroad program. They want to experience volunteer vacations while they’re traveling overseas. IVHQ. The world’s leading volunteer travel organization with over 10 years’ experience in providing impactful and affordable volunteer abroad programs, can connect thousands of travelers with meaningful volunteer opportunities abroad. Are you considering volunteering abroad in 2018? Take a quiz to help you find out the perfect volunteer abroad opportunity and make 2018 your best year! () 69. Alan, Mary and Natalie are special because________.
A) they are young B)they are volunteers C) they are students D)they have free time () 70. Mary is helping out at________.
A) a charity hospital B)a high school C) an animal hospital D)a reading centre
() 72. The underlined word “ reward ” in the passage means “ ________” .
A) an amount of money that is offered for finding something lost
B) an idea that something special is likely to happen
C) a thing that you are given for something go4od you have done
D) a hope of giving food to a person, an animal or a plant
() 73. With the help of IVHQ, the three students’ volunteer vacation will ________ their whole life.
A) enrich B)contact C) control D) protect
() 74. The passage is about________.
A) teens who volunteer B)important things in life
C) home to special people D)things to do at weekends
B.Choose the best answer and complete the passage(选择最恰当的选项完成短文) (共 12分)
I just returned from a trip to New Jersey. On the way back, I was stopped by a traffic accident. This accident involved a truck carrying a lot of dangerous materials that were leaking out(外漏) . This meant that we weren’t going anywhere for several hours.
After being told by the policeman that we would be sitting there until the cleanup was completed. I got out of the truck to have a rest. Other truck drivers did the same. At one point there were five of us standing by my truck, .
Another truck with two elderly people inside stopped near us. The man, Joe, let the down and asked why no one was moving.
Soon we were all talking with this couple. I said that if I had known about this, I would have bought something to drink, for I was becoming .The lady, Anna, said that they had plenty of water in the cooler in their truck and offered everyone something to drink. While she was back there, she said that she also had plenty of food and she could make sandwiches for us. While Anna was making the sandwiches, she was singing like a
songbird. Being close to70, I guessed, she had a remarkable voice.
When she finished making the sandwiches, I saw a Mississippi license(执照) plate on the truck. I asked what part of Mississippi they were from. Joe said Biloxi. Knowing that Biloxi had been
(卡特里娜飓风) , I asked him about the disaster. Joe said that they had lost almost everything. Everything they had was in the truck.
All of us drivers tried unsuccessfully to pay them for their drinks and sandwiches. Joe said that their son was living around Harrisonburg, Virginia and they were going there. There was a home for sale and they were going to start all over there. Starting over
These people lost everything except the pictures and some clothes. These wonderful people lost practically everything they owned and still would not accept any money for their food and drinks. Joe said that it was better to give than to
() 75. A) complaining B) explaining C) describing D)proving
() 76. A) door B) button C) window D)hand
() 77. A) tired B) thirsty C) hungry D) sleepy
() 78. A) caused B) recycled C) covered D)damaged
() 79. A) in their truck B) at their age C) with their son D) for their home
() 80. A) forgive B) forget C) receive D)refuse
C. (在短文的空格内填入适当的词,使其内容通顺。没空格限填一词,首字母已给) (14分)
Fifteen years ago, an incident that happened at Walt Disney touched me greatly. A guest checking out of our Polynesian Village resort(度假胜地) her visit. She told the front-desk clerk she had had a wonderful vacation, but was heartbroken about losing several rolls of Kodak color film she had not yet developed(冲洗)
taken at the show, as this was a memory she especially treasured.
In fact, there are no written rules covering lost photos in the clerk at the front desk understood Disney’s idea of loving our guests. She asked the woman to leave her a couple rolls of unused film, to take some photos for them. Two weeks later the guest received a packet at her home. In it were photos of all the actors of the show, personally signed by each performer. There were also pictures of the public procession(游行队伍) and fireworks in the park. These photos were taken by the clerk in her own time
does not come from policy(政策性的) —— and from a culture that encourages and models that attitude.
D. Answer the questions(根据以下内容回答问题) (12分)
As a mother of three young girls, Alison Cowan worried about her daughters growing up too fast. From asking for the latest toy to wanting to wear make-up, it seemed to Alison and her husband, Alan, that their children were never satisfied with what they had.
The girls would ask for a toy, but would lose interest in it as soon as their friends had something new. Birthday parties were no longer just a few party games and blowing up balloons. All the parents seemed to invite professional performers and compete over who could give the most expensive party bag. At just seven years old, Amy and her friends were paying more and more attention to their appearance. It was a feeling that many parents would have.
However, few would dream of leaving a comfortable family life and a comfortable house to move their family 3,000 miles away to Africa in search of a simpler life. But, last June, Alison and her husband, Alan, moved with their daughters to Kampalain Uganda, to show them a different lifestyle.
For almost a year, the girls paly in the red, dusty streets with local children and visit markets to buy fresh fish and vegetables for dinner. They have been able to play and use their imagination away from the distractions(分 心) of the consumer-driven society. Now, instead of competing over who has won a computer game, the girls think about things like the frequent water shortages and electricity cuts in certain areas. “At times, we’ve been without
water for five days. The girls always accept it, though. Their world before had been so small, but now they understand
88. Alison Cowan’s children were pleased with what they had, weren’t they?
___________________________________________________________
89. What would the girls do when their friends had something new?
_________________________________________________________
90. What does the underlined word “It” in the second paragraph refer to?
___________________________________________________________
91. Why did Alison and Alan decide to move to Kampala in Uganda? (No more than 15 words)
___________________________________________________________
92. What do the two girl think of their present life?
___________________________________________________________
93. Complete the last sentence and make it reasonable.
Their world before had been so small, but now they understand _______________________________________
VII. Writing(作文 )(共 20分 )
94. Write at least60 words on the topic “ I ’ m looking forward to ? in 2018” (以“ 2018,我期待??”为 题写一篇不少于 60个词的短文,标点符号不占格 )
每个人对生活都有憧憬和期待, 2018年你的期待是什么?请说说你的理由。
(注意:短文中不得出现任何人名、校名及其他相关信息,否则不予评分。 )
81. enjoyed 82. sad 83. Luckily 84. promised 85. story 86. service 87. care
范文二：15年 上海 高考 英语 一模 虹口
虹口区 2014学年度第一学期高三年级英语学科
期终教学质量监控测试卷
第 I 卷 (共 103分 )
II. Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
(A)
Don’t Take the Fun Out of Youth Sports
When I joined a private football league a few years ago, the sport meant everything to me. My coach said that I had lots of potential (潜力 ), and I became captain of my team. That was before all the fun __25__(take) out of playing.
At first, everyone on the team got equal playing time. Then the team moved up to the top division after winning all its games, and the pressure started. Some parents, who __26__(pay) the coach extra __27__return for their daughters? private one-on-one training, got angry when she didn't give them more playing time in our matches. The coach was replaced. The new coach, however, took all the fun out of the game: All we did during practice was run. We ran so much that, afterwards, we had trouble __28__(breathe). Younger people shouldn?t be doing exercises __29__(design) for 18-year-olds.
I was very thin before I started football, but as a member of this team I wouldn't eat much, because I thought to __30__ that I was afraid of being too full to run. Finally, I ended up leaving the football team. Four other girls did the same, and two of __31__ stopped playing football completely. That's sad because they had so much potential. They were just burned-out with all the pressure they felt from the coach or their parents. I continued playing football at school and rediscovered my love for it. I joined a private team and the coach told me I needed to relax because I looked nervous. After I calmed down, I played better. When you enjoy something, it's a lot __32__(easy) to do it well.
(B)
How to Be a Winner
Steven Redgrave -- Winner of 5 Olympic Gold Medals
“ In 2012 I was found to have developed lung disease . __33__(believe) my career was over, I felt extremely low . Then one of the specialists said there was no reason why I should stop training and competing . That was it -- the encouragement I needed. I could still be a winner __34__ __34__ __34__ I believed in myself. I am not saying that it isn?t difficult sometimes. But I wanted to prove to myself that hard __35__ the condition was, I wasn?t finished yet. Nothing is to stand in my way.”
Karen Pickering -- Swimming World Champion
“ I swim 4 hours a day, 6 days a week. I manage that sort of workload by putting it on top of my diary . This is the key to success -- you __36__ not bear follow a career in any field without being well-organized . List __37__ you believe you can achieve. Trust yourself, write down your goals for the day, however small they are, and you?ll be a step closer to achieving them.”
Kirsten Best -- Poet &Writer
“ When things are getting hard, a voice inside my head tells me that I can?t achieve something. Then, there are other distractions (干扰 ), such as family or hobbies. The key is to concentrate, __38__ helps a lot to repeat words such as ? calm ? , ? peace ? or ? focus ? , either out loud or silently in my mind when I feel tense. It makes me __39__(feel) more in control and increases my confidence. This is a habit that can become second nature quite easily and is __40__ powerful psychological (心理的 ) tool.”
Section B
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once.
Long after the 2010 World Cup was won, disappointed fans were still criticizing the unfair refereeing (裁 判 ) decisions that denied victory to their team. A researcher was __41__ to study the performance of some top referees (裁判 ).
The researcher organized experimental matches which __42__ four youth teams. Each match lasted an hour, divided into three periods of 20 minutes during which different referees were in __43__.
Observers noted down the referees' errors, of which there were 61 over the matches. When __44__ into a standard match of 90 minutes, each referee made almost 23 mistakes, a(n) __45__ high number.
The researcher then studied the videotapes to have a detailed analysis of the matches, and __46__ are that the errors were more likely when the referees were close to the incident. When the officials got it right, they were, on average, 17 meters away from the action. The average distance in the case of errors was 12 meters. The research __47__ show that the best distance is about 20 meters.
There also seemed to be an __48__ speed. Correct decisions came when the referees were moving at a speed of about 2 meters per second. The __49__ speed for errors was 4 meters per second.
If FIFA, football's international ruling body, wants to improve the standard of refereeing at the World Cup, referees should be __50__ into the rule of keeping their eyes on the action from a distance, rather than rushing to keep up with the ball, the researcher argues.
III. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
The most exciting kind of education is also the most personal. Nothing is beyond the joy of discovering for yourself something that is a big __51__ to you. It may be an idea or a bit of information you come across accidentally -- or a sudden insight, fitting together pieces of information or working through a problem. Such personal __52__ are the
A research paper, assigned in a course and perhaps checked at __55__ stages by an instructor, leads you beyond classrooms, beyond the texts for classes and into a(n) __56__ where the joy of discovery and learning can come to you many times. Preparing the research paper is an active and individual process, and __57__ learning process. It provides a structure within which you can make exciting discoveries, of knowledge and of self, that are basic to education. But the research paper also gives you a chance to individualize a school assignment, to __58__ a piece of work to your own interests and abilities, to show others what you can do. Writing a research paper is __59__ just a classroom exercise. It is an experience in searching out, understanding and synthesizing (综合 ), which forms the __60__ of many skills applicable to both academic and non-academic tasks. It is, in the fullest sense, a discovering education. So, to produce a good research paper is
both a useful and a __61__ satisfying experience!
To some, the thought of having to write an __62__ number of pages, often more than ever produced before, is disturbing. To others, the very idea of having to work independently is __63__. But there is no need to approach the research paper assignment with __64__, and nobody is supposed to view the research paper as an obstacle that is impossible to overcome. __65__, consider it a goal to accomplish, a goal within reach and you will find great pleasure in it.
51. A. mistake B. deal C. plan D. challenge
52. A. behaviours B. opportunities C. encounters D. entertainments
53. A. encourage B. assess C. emphasize D. affect
54. A. familiar to B. suitable for C. considerate of D. dependent on
55. A. similar B. unbelievable C. flexible D. various
56. A. outcome B. process C. achievement D. position
57. A. ideal B. complicated C. competitive D. casual
58. A. devote B. lead C. suit D. adopt
59. A. no more than B. less than C. none other than D. more than
60. A. evidence B. basis C. impression D. experience
61. A. hardly B. skilfully C. thoroughly D. vividly
62. A. assigned B. limited C. established D. fixed
63. A. inspiring B. rewarding C. frightening D. threatening
64. A. anxiety B. interest C. excitement D. embarrassment
65. A. Furthermore B. Instead C. However D. Therefore
Section B
Directions:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
This Thursday, Irena Sendler will be honoured for her work as a smuggler (偷运者) .
During World WarⅡ , the Polish social worker smuggled nearly2,500 Jewish children out of
the Warsaw ghetto (聚居区) . She gave them new identities, found them safe places with
good-hearted Christians, and kept the children ? s real names buried in jars in her
neighbours ? gardens.(The play, Life in a Jar, based on her story, is being performed.) At 93,
Sendler lives in a Warsaw nursing home and is too weak to travel to Washington D.C., to
receive the 2003 Jan Karski Award for Valorand Compassion from the American Center of
Polish Culture. One of the children she saved will accept the award for her.
You risked your life to save the children.
I was taught by my father that when someone is drowning, you don? t ask if they can swim, you just jump in and help. During the war, everyone was drowning, but mostly the Jewish children.
How did you persuade parents to give up their children?
I had to answer honestly that I didn?t even know if we would get past the guards.
What was the most frightening moment?
When I saw a priest (牧师) in charge of an orphan age for Jewish children in the ghetto walk with them out to be killed. The children were in then best Sunday suits. The priest was killed with them.
How did you get the children to behave as you smuggled them out?
I told the older children to act as if they were sick and sometimes gave the younger ones a sleeping pill. They were told to remember their new names. I also told the children to tell guards they had only been visiting a servant in the ghetto and were going back to their real homes outside.
Did you tell your own two children what you did?
I never told them. Only when my daughter went to Israel did she learn all about me. I thought it was only normal to do so. And it was a very painful subject. It was always on my mind that I couldn?t do more.
—— Samantha Levine
66. We can learn from the passage that Irena Sendler ________.
A. will go to Washington to accept the award with her daughter
B. was caught a few times while she was rescuing the Jewish children
C. told those parents that their children's lives would be guaranteed
D. saved thousands of Jewish children at the risk of her ownlife
67. The expression “everyone was drowning” can best be replaced by“______”.
A. everyone was involved in the war B. all the people were drowned
C. all the people were facing danger and death D. Jewish children were being killed
68. Which of the following could NOT be expected when Sendler was smuggling the Jewish children?
A. The children pretended to be brothers and sisters from one big family.
B. Some children pretended to be returning home after visiting servants in the ghetto.
C. The children were asked to remember and use new names instead of real ones.
D. Some children were told to pretend to be sick in front of the guards.
69. Which of the following is best for the blank in the title?
A. DISASTER SURVIVOR B. NOBLE SMUGGLER
C. AWARD RECEIVER D. SECRET DEFENDER
(B)
70. LIPITOR is a medicine _____.
A. specially designed for young kids
B. to cure serious liver problems C. that can lower the risk for heart attack D. for mothers-to-be to lower cholesterol 71. Which of the following is most likely to be a bad sign for LIPITOR takers?
A. Drinking alcohol twice a day. B. Changes in medical tests. C. Discomfort and ache in muscles.
D. Feeling tired after a day's work. 72. If it has been over 12 hours since you missed a dose, you should _______.
A. change the amount of your next dose B. take the next dose at your regular time C. have a dose as soon as you remember
D. eat more when taking your next dose
73. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the text?
LIPITOR atorvastatin calcium tablets
WHO IS LIPITOR FOR? Who can take LIPITOR:
? People who cannot lower their cholesterol (胆固醇 ) enough with diet and exercise ? Adults and children over 10
Who should NOT take LIPITOR:
? Women who are pregnant, may be pregnant, or may become pregnant. LIPITOR may harm your unborn baby. If you become pregnant, stop LIPITOR and call your doctor right away
? Women who are breast-feeding. LIPITOR can pass into your breast milk and may harm your baby
? People with liver problems or allergic (过 敏的 ) to anything in LIPITOR
HOW TO TAKE LIPITOR Do:
? Take LIPITOR at any time of day, with or without food
? If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. But if it has been more than 12 hours since your missed dose, wait. Take the next dose at your regular time Don’t:
? Do not change or stop your dose before talking to your doctor
? Do not give your LIPITO R to other people. It may harm them even if your problems are the same
POSSIBLE SIDE EFFECTS OF LIPITOR Serious side effects in a small number of people:
? Muscle problems that can lead to kidney problems, including kidney failure. Your chance for muscle problems is higher if you take certain other medicines with LIPITOR ? Liver problems. Your doctor may do blood tests to check your liver before you start LIPITOR and while you are taking it
Call your doctor right away if you have: ? Unexplained muscle weakness or pain, especially if you have a fever or feel very tired
? Allergic reactions including swelling(肿 胀 ) of the face, lips, tongue, and/or throat that may cause difficulty in breathing or swallowing which may require treatment right away
? Nausea, vomiting, or stomach pain ? Feeling more tired than usual
? Your skin and the whites of your eyes turn yellow
? Allergic skin reactions
Common side effects of LIPITOR are: ? Diarrhea (腹泻) ? Muscle and joint pain ? Upset stomach
? Changes in some blood tests
NEED MORE INFORMATION?
? Ask your doctor or health care provider ? Go to www.lipitor.com
It was a horrible feeling; I was having a heart attack. Now I’ m
exercising, watching my diet, and trust my heart to Lipitor
A. LIPITOR should never be taken with other food at the same time.
B. Skipping is the best choice for those who have missed one dose.
C. Recommendation is encouraged if one feels LIPITOR to be good.
D. People can consult the professionals for details of the medicine.
(C)
In Japan many workers for large corporations have a guarantee of lifetime employment. They will not be laid off during recessions (经济萧条 ) or when the tasks they perform are taken over by robots. To some observes, this is capitalism at its best, because workers are treated as people not things. Others see it as necessarily inefficient and believe it cannot continue if Japan is to remain competitive with foreign corporations more concerned about profits and less concerned about people.
Defenders of the system argue that those who call it inefficient do not understand how it really works. In the first place not every Japanese worker has the guarantee of a lifetime job. The lifetime employment system includes only “regular employees”. Many employees do not fall into this category, including all women. All businesses have many part-time and temporary employees. These workers are hired and laid off during the course of the business cycle just as employees in the United States are. These “irregular workers” make up about 10 percent of the nonagricultural work force. Additionally, Japanese firms maintain some flexibility through the extensive use of subcontractors (分包单位 ). This practice is much more common in Japan than in the United States.
The use of both subcontractors and temporary workers has increased markedly in Japan since the 1974-1975 recession. All this leads some to argue that the Japanese system is not all that different from the American system. During recessions Japanese corporations lay off temporary workers and give less business to subcontractors. In the United States, corporations lay off those workers with the least seniority (资历 ). The difference then is probably less than the term “lifetime employment” suggests, but there still is a difference. And this difference cannot be understood without looking at the values of Japanese society. The relationship between employer and employee cannot be explained in purely contractual (合同的 ) terms. Firms hold on to the employees and employees stay with one firm. There are also practical reasons for not jumping from job to job. Most retirement benefits come from the employer. Changing jobs means losing these benefits. Also, teamwork is an essential part of Japanese production. Moving to a new firm means adapting to a different team and at least temporarily, lower productivity and lower pay.
74. According to the passage, a woman in Japan _______.
A. cannot get a lifetime job B. is impossible to get a part time job
C. will be employed for life D. is among the regular workers
75. Which of the following is NOT the reason why Japanese workers stay with one firm?
A. they don?t want to lose their retirement benefits.
B. they are not adaptable people.
C. any change of jobs will make them less paid.
D. they get used to the teamwork.
76. It can be inferred from the passage that _______.
A. those who want to change jobs frequently in Japan should think twice
B. those who are first laid off by American corporations are temporary workers
C. the use of subcontractors makes Japanese firms less flexible
D. the Japanese system is totally different from the American system
77. What does the passage mainly discuss?
A. The extremely hard situation during recessions.
B. The extensive use of subcontractors in Japan.
C. The characteristics of corporations in the United States.
D. The features of lifetime employment in Japan.
Section C
Directions: Read the following passage and then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.
All of us rely on what we see. We say to ourselves, “I know, I was there; I saw it happen”and that seems to settle the matter. Or does it? Can we really trust the evidence of our eyes?
Take competitive sports. Fans who see the same game will not agree with each other and will the disagree with the referee (裁判) .“He was out of bounds when he caught the pass, ”says one fan. Says another, “You are crazy. I saw it with my own eyes. He was five feet in bounds. You must be blind.”The referee rules that the receiver did step out of bounds. But thousands of fans are still not convinced— because they were there! It's the same story in the courtroom. Trial (审判 ) procedure depends on witnesses giving sworn testimony (证词 ). But just how reliable is the testimony of a person who reports what he has seen? In a recent study , ten thousand witnesses were asked to describe the man they saw commit a crime. The study reveals that , on the average, the witnesses overestimated the man s height by five inches, his age by eight years, and gave the wrong hair colour in83percent of the cases. These witnesses didn?t play tricks on !
What can we do to keep error to a minimum? First of all, don?t let your emotions interfere with your vision. Don?t see something because you want to see it. Secondly, try to stay relaxed. If you are tense, you are likely to see red when the colour is blue. And finally, it helps to make notes of what you see. Don?t rely on your memory alone. Take pictures, make recordings, and use any other aid to reduce distortion (歪曲) . (Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS.) 78. The reason why fans disagree with each other at sports events is that few of them ___________.
79. The word “ ” in Para. 3 refers to _________________.
80. What are the other two solutions to keeping visual error to minimum besides not letting your emotions interfere with your vision?
81. It can be inferred from the passage that the author takes sports events and courtroom as examples in order to illustrate ____________?
第 II 卷 (共 47分)
I. Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
1. 我从未想到我校篮球队会在决赛中败北。 (occur)
2. 那只迷路的猴子得到了村民们的精心照顾。 (care)
3. 他再也无法忍受没有被晋升为部门经理的事实。 (No longer)
4. 就教师而言,没有什么比能看到学生取得进步更令人高兴的了。 (than)
5. 尽管这项计划的初衷是为了提高人民的生活水平,但由于种种原因计划未能实施。 (intend)
II. Guided writing
Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
你班将召开一次主题班会,探讨高中生在成长过程中遇到的烦恼。请根据自己实际生活中遇到的 学习、交友、代沟、同龄人攀比等现象进行思考,写一篇发言稿。文章需包括:
1. 你在实际生活中遇到的至少两种烦恼及其简要介绍;
2. 你应对这些烦恼所采取的举措和建议。
虹口区 2014学年度第一学期高三年级英语学科
期终教学质量监控测试卷 2015.1
参考答案
第 I 卷 (103分 )
第一大题
第二大题,每小题 1分。共 26分。
Section A
25. was taken 26. had paid 27. in 28. breathing 29. designed 30. myself 31. them 32. easier
33. Believing 34. as long as 35. though 36. can 37. what
38. which 39. feel 40. a
Section B
41-45 EAKGI 46-50 JBHFD
第三大题,共 47分。
Section A 每小题 1分,共 15分。
51-55 DCADD 56-60 BACDB 61-65 CADAB
Section B 每小题 2分,共 24分。
66-69 DCAB 70-73 CCBD 74-77 ABAD
Section C 每小题 2分,共 8分。
(Do it yourself!)
第 II 卷(47分)
I. 翻译 共 22分。
1. It never occurred to me that the basketball team of my school would be defeated in the final.
2. That lost monkey was taken good care of by the villagers.
3. No longer can he bear the fact that he wasn?t promoted to department manager.
4. As for the teachers, there is nothing more joyful than witnessing the progress made by the students.
5. Although this plan had been intended to improve the living standards of our people, it wasn?t implemented for some reasons.
II. 作文(略)
范文三：2018虹口一模
上海市虹口区 2018届高三一模数学试卷
2017.12
一 . 填空题(本大题共 12题, 1-6每题 4分, 7-12每题 5分,共 54分) 1. 函数 () lg(2) f x x =-的定义域是
2. 已知 () f x 是定义在 R 上的奇函数,则 (1) (0)(1)f f f -++=
3. 首项和公比均为 1
2
的等比数列 {}n a , n S 是它的前 n 项和,则 lim n n S →∞=
4. 在 ABC ?中, A ∠、 B ∠、 C ∠所对边分别是 a 、 b 、 c ,若 ::2:3:4a b c =,则 cos C =
5. 已知复数 z a bi =+(, a b R ∈)满足 ||1z =,则 a b ?的范围是
6. 某学生要从物理、化学、生物、政治、历史、地理这六门学科中选三门参加等级考,要求是物理、化学、生物这 三门至少要选一门,政治、历史、地理这三门也至少要选一门,则该生的可能选法总数是
7. 已知 M 、 N 是三棱锥 P ABC -的棱 AB 、 PC 的中点,记三棱锥 P ABC -的体积为 1V ,三棱锥 N MBC -的体 积为 2V ,则 2
1
V V 等于
8. 在平面直角坐标系中,双曲线 2
221x y a
-=的一个顶点与抛物线 212y x =的焦点重合,则双曲线的两条渐近线的
方程为
9. 已知 sin y x =和 cos y x =的图像的连续的三个交点 A 、 B 、 C 构成三角形 ABC ?,则 ABC ?的面积等于
10. 设椭圆 22
143
x y +=的左、右焦点分别为 1F 、 2F ,过焦点 1F 的直线交椭圆于 M 、 N 两点,若 2MNF ?的内切圆 的面积为 π,则 2MNF S ?=
11. 在 ABC ?中, D 是 BC 的中点,点列 n P (*
n N ∈)在线段 AC 上,且满足 1n n n n n P A a P B a P D +=?+
,若 11a =,
则数列 {}n a 的通项公式 n a =
12. 设 2() 22x f x x a x b =+?+?,其中 , a b N ∈, x R ∈,如果函数 () y f x =与函数 (()) y f f x =都有零点且它们的 零点完全相同,则 (, ) a b 为
二 . 选择题(本大题共 4题,每题 5分,共 20分) 13. 异面直线 a 和 b 所成的角为 θ,则 θ的范围是( )
A. (0,) 2π B. (0,) π C. (0,]2
π
D. (0,]π
14. 命题:“若 21x =,则 1x =”的逆否命题为( )
A. 若 1x ≠,则 1x ≠或 1x ≠- B. 若 1x =,则 1x =或 1x =- C. 若 1x ≠,则 1x ≠且 1x ≠- D. 若 1x =,则 1x =且 1x =-
15. 已知函数 20
() (2) 0
x x f x f x x ?≤=?->?,则 (1)(2)(3)(2017)f f f f +++???+=( )
A. 2017 B. 1513 C. 20172 D. 3025
2
16. 已知 Rt ABC ?中, 90A ∠=?, 4AB =, 6AC =, 在三角形所在的平面内有两个动点 M 和 N , 满足 ||2AM =
, MN NC = ,则 ||BN
的取值范围是( )
A. B. [4,6]
C.
D.
三 . 解答题(本大题共 5题,共 14+14+14+16+18=76分)
17. 如图,在三棱锥 P ABC -中, PA AC PC AB a ====, PA AB ⊥, AC AB ⊥, M 为 AC 的中点 . (1)求证:PM ⊥平面 ABC ;
(2)求直线 PB 和平面 ABC 所成的角的大小 .
18.
已知函数 () ) cos(2) 2
f x x x π
ωπω=-+-,其中 x R ∈, 0ω>,且此函数的最小正周期等于 π.
(1)求 ω的值,并写出此函数的单调递增区间; (2)求此函数在 [0,]2
x π
∈的最大值和最小值 .
19. 如图,阴影部分为古建筑群所在地,其形状是一个长为 2km ,宽为 1km 的矩形,矩形两边 AB 、 AD 紧靠两条 互相垂直的路上,现要过点 C 修一条直线的路 l ,这条路不能穿过古建筑群,且与另两条路交于点 P 和 Q . (1)设 AQ x =(km ) ,将 APQ ?的面积 S 表示为 x 的函数; (2)求 APQ ?的面积 S (km )的最小值 .
20. 已知平面内的定点 F 到定直线 l 的距离等于 p (0
p >) ,动圆 M 过点 F 且与直线 l 相切,记圆心 M 的轨迹为 曲线 C ,在曲线 C 上任取一点 A ,过 A 作 l 的垂线,垂足为 E .
(1)求曲线 C 的轨迹方程;
(2)记点 A 到直线 l 的距离为 d ,且 34
43
p p
d
≤≤,求 EAF
∠的取值范围;
(3)判断 EAF
∠的平分线所在的直线与曲线的交点个数,并说明理由 .
21. 已知无穷数列 {}n a 的各项均为正数,其前 n 项和为 n S , 14a =.
(1)如果 22a =,且对于一切正整数 n ,均有 2
21n n n a a a ++?=,求 n S ;
(2)如果对于一切正整数 n ,均有 1n n n a a S +?=,求 n S ;
(3)如果对于一切正整数 n ,均有 13n n n a a S ++=,证明:31n a -能被 8整除 .
M
C
B
A
P
虹口区 2017学年度第一学期高三年级数学学科
期终教学质量监控测试题答案
一、填空题(1~6题每小题 4分, 7~12题每小题 5分,本大题满分 54分)
1、 (,2) -∞; 2、 0; 3、 1; 4、 1
4-; 5、 11,
2
2??
-????
; 6、 18; 7、 14;
8、 13
y x =±
; 9
; 10、 4; 11、 11
() 2n n a -=-; 12、 (0,0) , (1,0) ;
二、选择题(每小题 5分,满分 20分)
13、 C ; 14、 C ; 15、 D ; 16、 B ; 三、解答题(本大题满分 76分)
17、 (14分) 解 :(1) PAC ? 为等边三角形, M 为 AC 的中点,
∴PM AC ⊥.?????? 2分
又 PA AB ⊥, AC AB ⊥,且 PA AC A ?=,
∴BA ⊥平面 PAC .???? 4分
又 PM 在平面 PAC 内,所以 BA PM ⊥.???? 6分
AB AC A ?=,且 BA PM ⊥, PM AC ⊥, ∴PM ⊥平面 ABC .???? 7分
(2)连结 BM .由(1)知 PM ⊥平面 ABC ,
∴PBM ∠是直线 PB 和平面 ABC 所成的角.? 9分
PAC ? 为等边三角形,
∴2
PM =
. PAB ?为等腰直角三角形,且 2
PAB π
∠=
,
∴PB =.
PM BM ⊥,
∴sin PBM ∠==
, PBM ∠= .?? 13分 ∴直线 PB 和平面 ABC
所成的角的大小等于 .?????? 14分 18、 (14分)
解:(1)
() ) cos(2) cos 2sin() 26
f x x x x x x π
π
ωπωωωω=-+-=+=+?? 3分
由 2π
πω
=
,且 0ω>, ∴2ω=.?????? 4分
∴() 2sin(2) 6
f x x π
=+
Q D 由 2222
6
2
k x k π
π
π
ππ-
≤+
≤+
,解得 3
6
k x k π
π
ππ-
≤≤+
,
∴单调递增区间为 [, ],3
6
k k k Z π
π
ππ-
+
∈.???????? 7分
(2)由 02x π≤≤,得 72666
x πππ
≤+≤.
∴26
2x π
π
+
=
,即 6
x π
=
时,取得最大值 2.???? 11分
∴7266x ππ+=
,即 2
x π
=时,取得最小值 1-.???? 14分 19、 (16分)解:(1) QDC ? ∽ CBP ?,
∴
QD DC CB BP =.又 1QD x =-, 1CB =, 2DC =, ∴121x BP -=, 2
1
BP x ∴=-.????????? 5分 2
12(2) (1) 211
APQ
x S x x x x ?∴=?+=>--?????? 7分 (2)设 10, t x =->222(1) 211
2(0) 1APQ
x t t t S t t x t t t
?+++====++>-??????????? 10分 11
2, 24APQ t S t t t
?+≥∴=++≥
当且仅当 1, t =即 2x =时, APQ S ?取得最小值 42
km .??????????? 14分
20、 (16分)解:(1)过点 F 与 l 垂直的直线为 x 轴, x 轴与直线 l 的交点为 G 点,以 , G F 的中点为原点建立 直角坐标系.
设 M (, ) x y , M 到定点 F 与到定直线 l 的距离相等,
:, (,0) 22p p l x F =-
||2p x ∴+=化简得:22(0) y px p =>???????????????? 4分
(2)设 00(, ), A x y 0(
,0), (, ) 22
p p
F E y - 000(,0), (, ), 22
p p
AE x AF x y ∴=--=-- ???????? 6分
220000220000()() cos 1||||||() 2222
p p p p x x x x AE AF p EAF AE AF x x x x -----?∴∠====
=-++++ ?? 8分 02p d x =+ , cos 1p EAF d ∴∠=-, 3411
, cos 1[, ]4334p p p d EAF d ≤≤∴∠=-∈-
∴11
arccos arccos() 43
EAF ≤∠≤-.???????? 10分
l
F
E
A
11
(3)设 00(, ), A x y 0(,0), (, ) 22
p p F E y - , 0(, ) EF p y =-. 由 AE AF =, 得 EAF ∠的 平 分 线 所 在 的 直 线 方 程 就 是 EAF ?边 EF 上 的 高 所 在 的 直 线 方 程.???????? 12分
∴EAF ∠的平分线所在的直线方程为 000() () 0p x x y y y ---=.
由 0002() () 0
2p x x y y y y px ---=??=?,消 x 得 220002220y y y px y --+=.
20
02y px =, ∴2200044(22) 0y px y ?=--+=. ∴EAF ∠的平分线所在的直线与曲线有且只有一个交点.?????? 16分
21、 (18分)解:(1) 数列 {}n a 的各项均为正数,由 221n n n a a a ++?=,得 211n n n n
a a a a +++=, ∴数列 {}n a 是等比数列,公比 2112a q a ==,从而 314[1() ]18() 1212
n n n S --==--.??? 4分 (2) 由 1n n n a a S +?=得 121n n n a a S +++?=,两式相减得 121() n n n n a a a a +++-=,
此数列各均为正数, ∴21n n a a +-=,
∴数列 {}21n a -和数列 {}2n a 均是公差为 1的等差数列.由 1211a a S a ?==,得 21a =.???????? 6分 当 n 为偶数时, 13124() () n n n S a a a a a a -=+++++++
21114(1) (1) 2222222224
n n n n n n n n =?+??-++??-=+ 当 n 为奇数时, 22111117(1) 2(1) 24244
n n n n S S a n n n n +++=-=+++-=++ ∴2217244124
n n n n S n n n ?++??=??+??, 为奇数 , 为偶数 .?????????? 11分 (3) 由 13n n n a a S ++=得 1213n n n a a S ++++=,两式相减得 213n n n a a a ++=+.
14a =,得 121133a a S a +==, 28a =. 321328a a a =+=
以下证明:对于 n N *
∈, 32n a -被 8除余数为 4, 31n a -被 8整除, 3n a 被 8除余数为 4. ???? 13分 当 1n =时, 14a =, 28a =, 328a =,命题正确.
12
假设 () n k k N *=∈时, 命题正确, 即 32184k a m -=+, 3128k a m -=, 3384k a m =+其中 1m N ∈, 23, m m N *∈. 那么, 31331323233(84) 88(31) 4k k k a a a m m m m +-=+=++=+++, 3231m m ++为正整数, ∴31k a +被 8除余数为 4.
3231333133313233(3) 1038(1035) k k k k k k k k a a a a a a a a m m ++--=+=++=+=++. 321035m m ++为正整数, ∴32k a +能被8整除.
33323131331313333(3) 1033310k k k k k k k k k k a a a a a a a a a a ++++++-=+=++=+=+ 328(331016) 4m m =+++. 32331016m m ++为正整数, ∴33k a +被 8除余数为 4.
即 1n k =+时,命题也正确.
从而证得,对于一切正整数 n , 31n a -能被8整除.?????? 18分
范文四：2018届虹口区高考化学一模
虹口区2017学年度第一学期期终教学质量监控测试
高三化学 试卷 2017.12
相对原子质量:H-1 C-12 N-14 O-16 一、选择题(本题共40分，每小题2分，每题只有一个正确选项) 1. 化学与生产和生活密切相关，下列过程中没有发生化学变化的是( )
A. 用热碱水清除炊具上的油污 B. 电解饱和食盐水制氯气
C. 用酒精擦洗布料上的油污 D. 用食醋除去水壶内的水垢
1311372. 下列关于和的说法正确的是( ) II5353
A. 所有性质都相同 B. 电子数不同
C. 属于同素异形体 D. 质子数相同 3. 下列过程属于人工固氮的是( )
A. 工业合成氨 B. 闪电时，氮气转化为NO
C. 用NH和CO合成尿素 D. 用硫酸吸收氨气得到硫酸铵 32
4. 下列各组物质中，由极性键构成的极性分子是( )
A. CH B. NH C. CH D. CO 432225. 下列不与溴水反应的是( )
A. CH B. KI C. HS D. NaOH 262
6. 下列各组物质中不易用物理性质区别的是( )
A. NaCO和CaCO固体 B. 酒精和汽油 233
C. 氯化铵和硝酸铵晶体 D. 碘和高锰酸钾固体 7. 紧靠元素周期表中金属与非金属分界线的元素是( )
A. 镁 B. 铝 C. 磷 D. 硫 8. 下列物质熔化时破坏分子间作用力的是( )
A. CaO B. CO C. SiO D. NaCl 22
9. 为了确定某物质是否变质，所选试剂(括号内物质)错误的是( )
A. NaSO是否变质(BaCl) B. FeCl是否变质(KSCN) 2322
C. KI是否变质(淀粉溶液) D. 乙醛是否被氧化(pH试纸) 10. 下列离子方程式正确的是( )
，，22HCaCOCaCOHO，,，,， A. 醋酸和碳酸钙反应: 322
第 1 页 / 共 7 页
32，， B. 铁与三氯化铁溶液反应: FeFe2Fe，,
,,2 C. 氢氧化钠溶液与少量二氧化硫气体: SO2OHSOHO，,，232
3，,， D. 氯化铝溶液与足量氨水: Al4NHHOAlO4NH2HO，,,，，32242
,，11. 下列离子在溶液中能共存，加有沉淀析出，加能放出气体的是( ) OHH
，2，,2，,，2,, A. 、、、 B. 、、、 NaCuClBaClKNOSO34
2，，2，,，2,,, C. 、、、 D. 、、、 BaNaCaClNHCONOHCO4333
12. 根据右图装置判断，以下叙述正确的是( )
A. 铁作正极
B. 该装置可以减缓铁的腐蚀
3， C. 铁上发生的电极反应:Fe3eFe,,
, D. 碳上发生的电极反应: O4e2HO4OH，，,22
13. 下列鉴别浓硫酸和稀硫酸的操作与结论有误的是( )
操作 结论
A 分别加入金属铝片 产生刺激性气味或者为浓硫酸
B 分别加入到盛水的试管中 剧烈放热者为浓硫酸
C 取等体积样品，称量质量 质量大者为浓硫酸
D 分别滴在火柴梗上 变黑者为浓硫酸
2，,14. 室温下，氢氧化钙固体在水溶液中达到溶解平衡:，向其中加入以下Ca(OH)(s)Ca2OH ，2物质，恢复到室温，Ca(OH)固体减少的是( ) 2
A. CHCOONa B. AlCl C. NaOH D. CaCl 33215. 室温下1mol苯在空气中完全燃烧，生成液态水，放出热量，该反应的热化学方程式是( ) Q
CH15/2O6CO3HOQ，,，， A. 66222
CH(l)15/2O(g)6CO(g)3HO(l)Q，,，, B. 66222
CH(g)15/2O(g)6CO(g)3HO(g)Q，,，， C. 66222
2CH(l)15O(g)12CO(g)6HO(l)2Q，,，， D. 66222
第 2 页 / 共 7 页
，,16. pH=11的NaOH溶液和pH=3的醋酸溶液以等体积混合后，所得溶液中、的正c(CHCOO)c(Na)确关系是( )
，,，, A. B. cc(Na)(CHCOO),cc(Na)(CHCOO),
，, C. D. 不能确定 cc(Na)(CHCOO),
17. 室温下，一定量Cl恰好被含有0.2mol NaOH的烧碱溶液吸收: 2
Cl2NaOHNaClONaClHO，,，，22
反应后溶液pH=11，下列说法正确的是( )(N表示阿佛加德罗常数) A
, A. Cl的体积为2.24L B. 混合溶液中含有0.1N个 ClO2A
,,11 C. 溶液中 D. 该过程中电子转移数目为0.1Nc(OH)10mol/L,A 18. 在密闭容器中，一定条件下，进行如下反应:;达到平衡后，为提2SO(g)O(g)2SO(g)Q，， 223
高该反应的速率且平衡向右移动，采取的正确措施是( )
A. 加催化剂同时增大压强 B. 加催化剂同时升高温度
C. 升高温度同时充入N D. 降低温度同时移走SO 2319. 实验室将化学式为CHO的酯水解，得到A和B两种物质，A氧化可转变为B，符合上述性质的酯8162
的结构种类有( )
A. 1种 B. 2种 C. 3种 D. 4种 20. 24mL浓度为0.05mol/L的NaSO溶液，恰好与20mL浓度为0.02mol/L的KCrO溶液完全反应，则23227元素Cr在被还原的产物中的化合价是( )
A. +6 B. +3 C. +2 D. 0
二、(本题共15分)
党的十九大报告指出,要持续实施大气污染防治行动,打赢蓝天保卫战。当前空气质量检测的主
要项目除了PM2.5外,还有CO、SO、氮氧化物,NO和NO,、O等气体。 223
完成下列填空,
2,S21. 的核外电子排布式为__________，N原子核外电子有______种不同运动状态。 22. C、O、S、N四种元素中原子半径最小的是________(写元素符号);写出一个比较O与N非金属性
强弱的事实:_____________________________________________。
第 3 页 / 共 7 页
汽车尾气中含有NO和CO气体,用以下反应除去,
催化剂 2CO(g)2NO(g)N(g)2CO(g)Q，，， 2223. 该反应的平衡常数表达式为________________________;
若增大压强，平衡常数__________(填“增大”、“减小”或“不变”);
若升高温度，逆反应速率先增大后减小，则______0(填“>”、“<”或“=”)。>
24. 某温度时，将0.1mol CO和0.1mol NO充入2L的密闭容器中，5s后测得生成0.28g N，则该时间内2
_______________。 v(NO),
三、(本题共15分)
硫化物是一类重要的化工原料,具有广泛的用途。
完成下列填空,
25. NaS溶液中，水的电离程度会_________(填“增大”、“减小”或“不变”);微热该溶液，pH会_________2
“减小”或“不变”)。 (填“增大”、
26. NaS溶液中各离子浓度由大到小的顺序为:___________________________________。 2
27. 向NaS和NaSO的混合溶液中加入足量的稀硫酸溶液，发生以下反应: 223
__NaS__NaSO__HSO__NaSO__S__HO，，,，,，22324242
配平上述化学方程式，标出电子转移的方向和数目。
反应中被氧化的元素是______________。
2，Cu28. CuS和FeS都是难溶于水的固体，工业上可用FeS将废水中的转化为CuS除去，请结合相关原
理进行解释:_________________________________________。
四、(本题共15分)
某小组同学为探究HO、HSO、Br氧化性强弱,设计如下实验,夹持仪器已略去,装置的气22232
密性已检验,。
第 4 页 / 共 7 页
实验记录如下,
实验操作 实验现象
打开活塞a,滴加氯水,
? _____________________________________________
关闭活塞a
吹入热空气一段时间后A中溶液颜色明显变浅,B中有气泡,产生大量白色
?
停止 沉淀,沉降后上层清液为无色
打开活塞b,逐滴加入O溶液,一开始时溶液颜色无明显变化,继续滴加H22
?
H段时间后,混合液逐渐变成橙红色。 O溶液 22
完成下列填空,
29. 在进行操作?时，A中的实验现象是________________________________，
有关反应的离子方程式是_______________________________________。 30. 操作?吹入热空气的目的是___________________________。
B中产生白色沉淀的化学式是____________________。
31. 装置C的作用是____________________。
32. 由上述实验可知，在此实验条件下，HO、HSO、Br氧化性强弱顺序为________________。 22232
33. 操作?开始时颜色无明显变化可能原因是(写出一条即可):
_________________________________________________________________________。
五、(本题共15分)
,, 甲基苯乙烯,AMS,在有机合成中用途广泛,以下是用苯为原料合成AMS并进一步制备香
料龙葵醛的路线,
第 5 页 / 共 7 页
CCH2ACHCH3CHCH=CH32CH3 CHBr911CHCH366???(含有两个甲基)AMS
CHCHOBrCHCH2BCH3CH3CHO912
龙葵醛
完成下列填空,
34. 反应?的反应类型是______________;反应?所需的试剂与条件是_____________________。 35. 检验B中含氧官能团所需的试剂是____________。
36. 写出反应?的化学方程式:_________________________________________________。 37. AMS可以自身聚合，写出该高聚物的结构简式:______________________________。 38. 写出同时满足下列条件的龙葵醛的一种同分异构体的结构简式:____________________。
i. 苯环上的一溴代物有两种 ii. 分子中含有羟基但没有甲基
OH
CCOOH39. 设计一条由AMS合成的合成路线。_______________________________
CH3
反应试剂反应试剂 (合成路线常用的表示方式为:) AB,,,,,,,,,,？？目标产物反应条件反应条件
第 6 页 / 共 7 页
参考答案
一、(本题共40分)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 C D A B A C B B A C 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 D D A B D C D A B B 二、(本题共15分)
2262621. 1s2s2p3s3p(2分);7(2分)
22. O(1分);HO的热稳定性强于NH(合理即可，2分) 23
2[N][CO]2223. K=(2分);不变(2分);,(2分) 22[CO][NO]
24. 0.002 mol/(L?s)(2分)
三、(本题共15分)
25. 增大(2分);增大(2分)
+2———+26. [Na],[S],[OH],[HS],[H](共2分，少一项扣1分，扣完为止) 27. 2 1 3 3 3 3(2分);2NaS+ NaSO(2分);NaS中-2价硫元素(2分) 2232
2—28. CuS溶解性小于FeS，反应朝着生成CuS即使溶液中S浓度更小的方向进行(3分，合理即可)
四、(本题共15分)
——29. 溶液逐渐变为橙色(2分);Cl + 2Br ? Br + 2Cl(2分) 22
30. 吹出单质Br(2分);BaSO(2分) 24
31. 吸收尾气(2分)
32. HO,Br,HSO(2分) 22223
—33. HSO有剩余(Br与HO反应慢等因素都可)(3分) 2322
五、(本题共15分)
34. 加成(2分);NaOH醇溶液，加热(2分)
35. 金属钠(2分);
CBrCHCHCH光照33+ Br+ HBr2CHCH3336. (2分)
37. (2分)
HOCHCH=CHHOCHCH=CH222238. 、、(任写一种，2分) 39. (3分)
第 7 页 / 共 7 页
范文五：2018届虹口区高考数学一模
虹口区 2017学年度第一学期教学质量监控测试
高三数学 试卷
(时间 120分钟,满分 150分)
2017.12
一.填空题(1~6题每小题 4分, 7~12题每小题 5分,本大题满分 54分) 1.函数 () lg(2) f x x =-的定义域是
2.已知 () f x 是定义在 R 上的奇函数,则 (1) (0)(1)f f f -++=.
3.首项和公比均为
1
2
的等比数列 {}n a , n S 是它的前 n 项和,则 lim n n S →∞=
.
4.在 ABC ?中, , , A B C ∠∠∠所对的边分别是 , , a b c ,若 ::2:3:4a b c =,则 cos C =.
5.已知复数 (, ) z a bi a b R =+∈满足 1z =,则 a b ?范围是
6.某学生要从物理、化学、生物、政治、历史、地理这六门学科中选三门参加等级考,要求是物理、 化学、生物这三门至少要选一门,政治、历史、地理这三门也至少要选一门,则该生的可能选法 总数是
.
7.已知 M 、 N 是三棱锥 P ABC -的棱 AB , PC 的中点,记三棱锥 P ABC -的体积为 1V ,三棱锥
N MBC -的体积为 2V ,则
1
V 等于 ________.8.在平面直角坐标系中,双曲线 2
21x y -=的一个顶点与抛物线 212y x =的焦点重合,则双曲线的
两条渐近线的方程为
.
9.已知 sin y x =和 cos y x =的图像的连续的三个交点 A 、 B 、 C 构成三角形 ABC ?,则 ABC ?的 面积等于 __________.
10. 设椭圆 22
143
x y +=的左、
右焦点分别为 1F 、 2F , 过焦点 1F 的直线交椭圆于 M 、 N 两点, 若 2MNF ?的内切圆的面积为 π,则 2MNF S ?=________.
11.在 ABC ?中, D 是 BC 的中点,点列 n P () n N *
∈在直线 AC 上,且满足 1n n n n n P A a P B a P D +=?+?
,
若 11a =,则数列 {}n a 的通项公式 n a =
12.设 2() 22x f x x a x b =+?+?,其中 , a b N ∈, x R ∈,如果函数 () y f x =与函数 (()) y f f x =都有
零点且它们的零点完全相同,则 (), a b 为
.
二 . 选择题(本大题共 4题,每题 5分,共 20分) 13. 异面直线 a 和 b 所成的角为 θ,则 θ的范围是(
)
A. (0,2
πB. (0,) πC. (0,2
πD. (0,]
π14. 命题:“若 21x =,则 1x =”的逆否命题为(
)
A. 若 1x ≠,则 1x ≠或 1x ≠-B. 若 1x =,则 1x =或 1x =-C. 若 1x ≠,则 1x ≠且 1
x ≠-D. 若 1x =,则 1x =且 1
x =-15. 已知函数 20
() (2) 0x x f x f x x ?≤=?->?
,则 (1)(2)(3)(2017)f f f f +++???+=(
)
A. 2017
B. 1513
C.
2017
D.
302516. 已知 Rt ABC ?中, 90A ∠=?, 4AB =, 6AC =,在三角形所在的平面内有两个动点 M 和 N ,满足
||2AM = , MN NC =
,则 ||BN 的取值范围是(
)
A. B. [4,6]
C.
D. 三 . 解答题(本大题共 5题,共 14+14+14+16+18=76分)
17. 如图,在三棱锥 P ABC -中, PA AC PC AB a ====, PA AB ⊥, AC AB ⊥, M 为 AC 的中点 . (1)求证:PM ⊥平面 ABC ;
(2)求直线 PB 和平面 ABC 所成的角的大小 .
18.
已知函数 () ) cos(2) 2
f x x x π
ωπω=-+-,
其中 x R ∈, 0ω>, 且此函数的最小正周期等于 π. (1)求 ω的值,并写出此函数的单调递增区间; (2)求此函数在 [0,]2
x π∈的最大值和最小值 .
19. 如图,阴影部分为古建筑群所在地,其形状是一个长为 2km ,宽为 1km 的矩形,矩形两边 AB 、 AD 紧靠两条互相垂直的路上,现要过点 C 修一条直线的路 l ,这条路不能穿过古建筑群,且与另两条路交于 点 P 和 Q .
(1)设 AQ x =(km ) ,将 APQ ?的面积 S 表示为 x 的函数; (2)求 APQ ?的面积 S (km )的最小值 .
20. 已知平面内的定点 F 到定直线 l 的距离等于 p (0p >) ,动圆 M 过点 F 且与直线 l 相 切,记圆心 M 的轨迹为曲线 C ,在曲线 C 上任取一点 A ,过 A 作 l 的垂线,垂足为 E . (1)求曲线 C 的轨迹方程; (2)记点 A 到直线 l 的距离为 d ,且
34p p
d ≤≤,求 EAF ∠的取值范围; (3)判断 EAF ∠的平分线所在的直线与曲线的交点个数,并说明理由 .
21. 已知无穷数列 {}n a 的各项均为正数,其前 n 项和为 n S , 14a =.
(1)如果 22a =,且对于一切正整数 n ,均有 2
21n n n a a a ++?=,求 n S ;
(2)如果对于一切正整数 n ,均有 1n n n a a S +?=,求 n S ;
(3)如果对于一切正整数 n ,均有 13n n n a a S ++=,证明:31n a -能被 8整除
.
虹口区 2017学年度第一学期高三年级数学学科
期终教学质量监控测试题答案
一、填空题(1~6题每小题 4分, 7~12题每小题 5分,本大题满分 54分) 1、 (,2) -∞; 2、 0;
3、 1;
4、 1-;
5、 11,
22??-????
; 6、 18; 7、
1
4
; 8、 13
y x =±;
9
;
10、 4;
11、 11(2
n n a -=-;
12、 (0,0) , (1,0) ;
二、选择题(每小题 5分,满分 20分) 13、 C ;
14、 C ;
15、 D ;
16、 B ;
三、解答题(本大题满分 76分)
17、 (14分) 解 :(1) PAC ? 为等边三角形, M 为 AC 的中点,
∴PM AC ⊥.……………… 2分
又 PA AB ⊥, AC AB ⊥, 且 PA AC A ?=, ∴BA ⊥平 面
PAC .………… 4分
又 PM 在平面 PAC 内,所以 BA PM ⊥.………… 6分
AB AC A ?=, 且 BA PM ⊥, PM AC ⊥, ∴PM ⊥平 面 ABC .………… 7分
(2)连结 BM .由(1)知 PM ⊥平面 ABC , ∴PBM ∠是直线 PB 和平面 ABC 所成的角.… 9分
PAC ? 为等边三角形,
∴2
PM =
. PAB ?为等腰直角三角形,且 2
PAB π
∠=
,
∴PB =. PM BM ⊥,
∴sin a PBM ∠==
, arcsin PBM ∠=.…… 13分
∴直线 PB 和平面 ABC
所成的角的大小等于 arcsin .……………… 14分 18、 (14分) 解:(1)
() ) cos(2) cos 2sin(26
f x x x x x x ππωπωωωω=-+-=+=+…………………… 3分 由 2π
πω
=
,且 0ω>, ∴2ω=.……………… 4分
∴() 2sin(2)
f x x π
=+由 222k x k πππ
ππ-
≤+≤+, 解 得 k x k ππππ-≤≤+, ∴单 调 递 增 区 间 为 [, k k k Z ππ
ππ-+∈.…………………… 7分
(2)由 02x π≤≤,得 72666
x πππ
≤+≤.
∴262x ππ+=,即 6x π
=时,取得最大值 2.………… 11分
∴72x ππ+=
,即 x π
=时,取得最小值 1-.………… 14分 19、 (16分)解:(1) QDC ? ∽ CBP ?, ∴QD DC
=.又 1QD x =-, 1CB =, 2DC =, ∴12x -=, 2
BP ∴=-.………………………5分 2
12(2(1) APQ
x S x x ?∴=?+=>--………………7分 (2)设 10,
t x =->222(1) 2112(0) APQ
x t t t S t t ?+++====++>-……………………………10分 11
2, 24
APQ t S t ?+≥∴=++≥ 当且仅当 1, t =即 2x =时, APQ S ?取得最小值 42
km .……………………………14分
20、 (16分)解:(1)过点 F 与 l 垂直的直线为 x 轴, x 轴与直线 l 的交点为 G 点,以 , G F 的中点为 原点建立直角坐标系.
设 M (, ) x y , M 到定点 F 与到定直线 l 的距离相等,
:, (,0) p p l x F =-
||p x ∴+=化简得:2
2(0) y px p =>………………………………………… 4分
(2)设 00(, ), A x y 0(
,0), (, ) 22
p p
F E y - 000(,0), (, ), 22
p p
AE x AF x y ∴=--=-- …………………… 6分
220000220000()() cos 1||||||(p p p p x x x x AE AF p EAF AE AF x x x x -----?∴∠====
=-++++ …… 8
分
0d x =+
, cos 1EAF ∴∠=-, , cos 1[, d EAF ≤≤∴∠=-∈-
∴11
arccos arccos(EAF ≤∠≤-.…………………… 10分
(3)设 00(, ), A x y 0(,0), (, ) p p
F E y - , 0(, ) EF p y =- .
由 AE AF =, 得 EAF ∠的 平分 线 所 在的 直 线 方程 就 是 EAF ?边 EF 上 的高 所 在 的直 线 方 程.…………………… 12分
∴EAF ∠的平分线所在的直线方程为 000() () 0p x x y y y ---=. 由 0002() () 02p x x y y y y px
---=??=?,消 x 得 22
0002220y y y px y --+=. 20
02y px =, ∴2200044(22) 0y px y ?=--+=. ∴EAF ∠的平分线所在的直线与曲线有且只有一个交点.……………… 16分
21、 (18分)解:(1)数列 {}n a 的各项均为正数,由 2
21n n n a a a ++?=,得
21
1n n n n
a a +++=, ∴数列 {}n a 是等比数列,公比 112a q ==,从而 31
4[1(]
18(21n n n S --=
=--.……… 4分 (2)由 1n n n a a S +?=得 121n n n a a S +++?=,两式相减得 121() n n n n a a a a +++-=,
此数列各均为正数, ∴21n n a a +-=, ∴数列 {}21n a -和数列 {}2n a 均是公差为 1的等差数列.由 1211a a S a ?==,得 21a =.…………………… 6分
当 n 为偶数时, 13124() ()
n n n S a a a a a a -=+++++++ 2111
4(1) (1) 2222222224
n n n n n n n n
=?+??-++?-=+当 n 为奇数时, 2
2111117(1) 2(1) 24244n n n n S S a n n n +++=-=+++-
=++∴2
217244124
n n n n S n n n ?++??=??+??, 为奇数 , 为偶数 .………………………… 11分 (3)由 13n n n a a S ++=得 1213n n n a a S ++++=,两式相减得 213n n n a a a ++=+.
14a =,得 121133a a S a +==, 28a =. 321328
a a a =+=以下证明:对于 n N *
∈, 32n a -被 8除余数为 4, 31n a -被 8整除, 3n a 被 8除余数为 4. ………… 13分
当 1n =时, 14a =, 28a =, 328a =,命题正确.
假设 () n k k N *
=∈时,命题正确,即 32184k a m -=+, 3128k a m -=, 3384k a m =+其中 1m N ∈,
23, m m N *∈.
那 么 , 31331323233(84) 88(31) 4k k k a a a m m m m +-=+=++=+++, 3231m m ++为 正 整 数 ,
∴31k a +被 8除余数为 4.
3231333133313233(3) 1038(1035) k k k k k k k k a a a a a a a a m m ++--=+=++=+=++. 321035m m ++为正整数, ∴32k a +能被8整除.
33323131331313331
33(3) 1033310k k k k k k k k k k a a a a a a a a a a ++++++-=+=++=+=+328(331016) 4m m =+++. 32331016m m ++为正整数, ∴33k a +被 8除余数为 4.
即 1n k =+时,命题也正确.
从而证得,对于一切正整数 n , 31n a -能被8整除.……………… 18分
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