外研社高一英语必修4知识点总

范文一：外研社高一英语必修4 知识点总结

高一英语必修4 知识点总结

重要词汇拓展

1 achievement n.成就，功绩?achieve v.达到，完成，实现

2 welfare n 福利事业，福利

3. project n.方案, 计划,, 设计，工程, 企业, 事业，科研项目; 课外自修项目

vi. ?伸出, 突出 ?设想自已处身于(into)

4. specialist n.专家，专业工作者?special adj.特殊的，专门的?specialize vi.专攻，专门从事

5. connection n.连接，关系?connect v.连接

6. condition n. 状况(不可数)，条件(可数)，环境(复数)on no condition 决不

7.organization n.组织，机构，团体 organize—vt.组织;筹备, 成立; 使加入工会，使有条理

8.behave v.举止，表现?behavior n.行为，举止

9. shade n.阴凉处 v.遮住光线

10.? worthwhile adj.值得的，值得做的 It is worthwhile doing sth./ to do sth.

worth adj.值……，值得…… be worth doing

worthy adj.值得做的，可尊敬的 be worthy of sth/ being done be worthy to be

done

11. observe v.观察，观测，遵守?observation n.观察，观测

12. respect v./n.尊敬，尊重，敬意?respectable adj.值得尊敬的，正派的，体面地?respectful adj.有礼貌的，恭敬的

13. argue .v.争论，辩论?argument n.争论，辩论 argued-adj 引起争论的 14.entertainment-n 款待，娱乐 entertain-v 款待;招待，娱乐，抱有，怀着(想法、疑问)

15. crowd n.人群，观众 v.挤满，使拥挤?crowded adj.拥挤的

41880, grass-roots masses of issues everything has responded, and the availability. (E) the style, modified to work in a more important position. Style success hard work to XING Xiang. We want to get rid of poverty and backwardness of the hat must carry forward the action, working hard in fine style, advancing the construction of clean and honest Government and fight against corruption, and create a good political environment and political environment. Will continue to consolidate the party's mass line and educational practice, conscientiously implement the Central eight provision, vigorously carry forward the fine style of combining theory with practice, close ties with the. In accordance with the "three-three" requirements " "Multinationals," physical presence "where officers, officers, and not an accident as an important standard to appraise the cadres and promote party discipline and self-discipline, pragmatic commitment and undertaking, and strive for the pragmatic and clean. Third, this year's work will focus on full duty of due diligence and promote development at the same time, this year should focus on the following priorities: (a) strengthening and improving party building, constantly enhance the party's construction of scientific level of successful realization of the development goals this year lies in the party

16. inspire v.鼓舞，激发?inspired adj.受到鼓舞的，有灵感的?inspiring adj.鼓舞人

的?inspiration n.鼓舞，灵感

17 support v.支持，拥护?supporter n.支持者，拥护者 18.refer-vi 谈到，查阅，参考

19.intend v.计划，打算?intention n.打算，目的，意图 20.considerate adj.考虑周到的?consider v.考虑，认为 ?consideration n考虑，体谅?considering prep考虑到 21.kind adj 仁慈的，和善的，友爱的kindness –n 仁慈，好意，善良 22.deliver v.递送，生(小孩)，接生，发表(演讲等)?delivery n.投递，交货，分

娩

23.modest adj 谦虚的，谦让的，适度的

重点短语梳理

1 devote…to (doing) sth.把…奉献给devote oneself to致力于，献身于 be devoted

to专心致志于

2 human beings 人类

3 move off 离开，启程，出发 4 lead a…life 过着……的生活

5 crowd in 涌上心头，涌入脑海

6 look down on/ upon 蔑视，瞧不起

7 refer to 查阅，参考，谈到 (其中，to为介词)

8 by chance 碰巧，凑巧

9. come across 偶遇，碰见 10. carry on 继续，坚持 carry out 实行，执行，完成 11. be dressed in 穿着… dress as 打扮成…

12.fight for 为….而战 fight against 与…战斗

13.put to death判死刑 14. concern oneself with…关注… 注意…

15.intend to do sth./ doing sth. 打算做某事

16. in the shade of 在…的树荫下，在…的庇护下

17.gain doctor’s degree 获得博士学位

18. be considered as 被看做….

19.take turns to do sth 采取步骤做某事

20.do research on… 做…方面的研究

21.mean to do 打算做某事 mean doing 意味着

22. by now 直到现在

重点句型再现

1 She spent years observing and recording their daily activities. 她花去多年的时间观察和记录它们的日常活动。

(spend+时间/金钱+doing sth 花时间或金钱去做某事)

2 Only after her mother came to help her for the first few months was she allowed to begin her project. 她的母亲头几个月来帮过她的忙;这才使她得以开始自己的计

划。

(only位于句首并修饰状语，句子要发生部分倒装，将助动词或联系动词置于主语之

前)

3 Following Jane’s way of studing chimps, our group are all going to visit them in

the forest.

我们一行人将按照Jane研究猩猩的方法去森林里拜访他们。

(-ing作方式状语。注意非谓语动词作状语时的区别:-ing主动/进行/延续，-ed被动

/过去，to do主动/将来)

4.It seemed that she had been very busy in her chosen carrer travelling abroad to study as well as writing books and articles 看起来她忙于所选择的和写作一样的到

国外研究。

(It seemed that+从句:似乎是，看起来好像是。 as well as 还有)

5.What made her succeed later on was the kindness and consideration she showed to all her patients

后来使她成功的是她对所有病人献出的爱心和体贴。

(What made her succeed主语从句。了解what引导的名词性从句的译法，明白它们在句中的成分:作主语、宾语、表语、同位语)

语法剖析(主谓一致)

主谓一致，指人称和数方面的一致关系。分为:语法一致, 内容一致, 就近一致。 (一) 语法一致原则: 即主语为单数,谓语用单数,主语为复数,谓语也用复数。以下为注意事项:

1. 单数主语即使后面带有with , along with, together with, like(象), but (除了),except, besides, as well as, no less than, rather than(而不是), including, in addition to 引导的短语, 谓语动词仍用单数。如: Air as well as water is matter. 空气和水都是物质。No one except two servants was late for the dinner. 除了两个仆人外, 没有一个人迟来用餐。

2. 用and连接的并列主语,如果主语是同一个人,同一事,同一概念, 谓语动词用单数, 否则用复数。如:

The poet and writer has come. 那位诗人兼作家来了.(一个人)

A hammer and a saw are useful tools. 锤子和锯都是有用的工具. (两样物) 用and连接的成对名词习惯上被看成是一个整体, 如:bread and butter(黄油抹面包), knife and fork(刀叉)等作主语时, 谓语动词用单数。

3. 不定式(短语), 动名词(短语), 或从句作主语时, 谓语动词用单数. 如: Serving the people is my great happiness. 为人民服务是我最大的幸福.

When we’ll go out for an outing has been decided.

我们什么时候出去郊游已决定了。

4. 用连接的并列主语被each, every 或no修饰时, 谓语动词用单数. Every boy and every girl likes to go swimming. 每个男孩和每个女孩都喜欢去游泳. No teacher and no student was absent from the meeting. 没有老师也没有学生开会缺席.

Each man and (each) woman is asked to help. 每个男人和每个女人都被请去帮忙。 5. each of + 复数代词, 谓语动词用单数. 复数代词+each, 谓语动词用单数.如: 41880, grass-roots masses of issues everything has responded, and the availability. (E) the style, modified to work in a more important position. Style success hard work to XING Xiang. We want to get rid of poverty and backwardness of the hat must carry forward the action, working hard in fine style, advancing the construction of clean and honest Government and fight against corruption, and create a good political environment and political environment. Will continue to consolidate the party's mass line and educational practice, conscientiously implement the Central eight provision, vigorously carry forward the fine style of combining theory with practice, close ties with the. In accordance with the "three-three" requirements " "Multinationals," physical presence "where officers, officers, and not an accident as an important standard to appraise the cadres and promote party discipline and self-discipline, pragmatic commitment and undertaking, and strive for the pragmatic and clean. Third, this year's work will focus on full duty of due diligence and promote development at the same time, this year should focus on the following priorities: (a) strengthening and improving party building, constantly enhance the party's construction of scientific level of successful realization of the development goals this year lies in the party

Each of us has something to say. 我们每个人都有话要说。

6. 若主语中有more than one 或many a/an , 尽管从意义上看是复数, 但它的谓语动词仍用单数。但more+复数名词+than one做主语时, 谓语动词仍用复数. 如: Many a boy likes playing basketball. 许多男生都喜欢打篮球.

More than one student was late. 不只一个学生迟到

More persons than one come to help us. 不止一个人来帮助我们。

7. none 做主语时,谓语动词可用单数, 也可用复数; 但在代表不可数的东西时总是看作单数,因而谓语动词要用单数. 如:

None of us are (is) perfect. 人无完人。

None of this worries me. 这事一点不使我着急。

8. 名词如: trousers, scissors, clothes, goods, glasses 等作主语时, 谓语动词必须用复数. 如:

His clothes are good. 但这些名词前若出现 a pair of , 谓语一般用单数.如: A pair of glasses is on the desk. 桌上有一副眼镜。

9. 形复意单名词如:news ; 以ics 结尾的学科名称如: physics, mathematics,

economics; 国名如: the United States; 报纸名如: the New Times; 书名如: Arabian Night <天方夜谈>; 以及The United Nations<联合国> 等作主语时, 谓语动词用单数。 10. ―a +名词+and a half ―, ―one and a half + 名词‖, ―the number of + 名词‖ 等作主语时, 谓语动词要用单数. 如:

Only one and a half apples is left on the table.

注意: one or two + 复数名词作主语, 谓语动词用复数形式, 如:

One or two places have been visited. 参观了一两个地点。

(二) 内容一致原则:

1.主语中有all, half, most, the rest等, 以及‖分数或百分数+名词‖做主语时,谓语动词单复数取决于连用的名词.如:

The rest of the bikes are on sale today. 剩下的自行车，今天出售。 60%of the apple was eaten by little boy. 这个苹果的60%都被这个小男孩吃了。 41880, grass-roots masses of issues everything has responded, and the availability. (E) the style, modified to work in a more important position. Style success hard work to XING Xiang. We want to get rid of poverty and backwardness of the hat must carry forward the action, working hard in fine style, advancing the construction of clean and honest Government and fight against corruption, and create a good political environment and political environment. Will continue to consolidate the party's mass line and educational practice, conscientiously implement the Central eight provision, vigorously carry forward the fine style of combining theory with practice, close ties with the. In accordance with the "three-three" requirements " "Multinationals," physical presence "where officers, officers, and not an accident as an important standard to appraise the cadres and promote party discipline and self-discipline, pragmatic commitment and undertaking, and strive for the pragmatic and clean. Third, this year's work will focus on full duty of due diligence and promote development at the same time, this year should focus on the following priorities: (a) strengthening and improving party building, constantly enhance the party's construction of scientific level of successful realization of the development goals this year lies in the party

Most of the apples were rotten. 大部分的苹果都是烂的。

Most of the apple was eaten by a rat. 这个苹果的大部分被老鼠吃了。 2. 不定数量的词组, 如:part of , a lot of , lots of , one of , a number of , plenty of等作主语时, 谓语动词的单复数取决于量词后面名词的数.如:

A part of the textbooks have arrived. 一小部分教科书已运到。

A part of the apple has been eaten up by the pig. 这个苹果的一部分被猪吃光了。 3. 加减乘除用单数.如:

Fifteen minus five is ten . 15减去5等于10。

4. 表示时间, 金钱, 距离, 度量等的名词做主语时, 尽管是复数形式, 它们做为一个单一的概念时, 其谓语动词用单数.如:

Ten miles is a good distance. 十英里是一个相当的距离。

5. (1) 通常作复数的集体名词. 包括police , people, cattle 等, 这些集体名词通常用作复数.如:

The British police have only very limited powers.

(2) 通常作不可数名词的集体名词. 包括equipment, furniture, clothing, luggage 等. (3) 可作单数也可作复数的集体名词. 包括 audience, committee, government,

family, enemy, group, party, team, public 等.如:

The committee has/have decided to dismiss him. 委员会决定解雇他。 6. the +形容词/过去分词形式‖表示一类人或事物, 作主语时, 谓语动词用复数.如: The injured were saved after the fire. (三) 就近原则

1. 由here, there, where 等引导的倒装句中, (有时主语不止一个时)谓语动词与靠近它的主语在数上一致.如:

Here comes the bus 公共汽车来了.

Here is a pen and some pieces of paper for you. 给你一支钢笔和几张纸。 Where is your wife and children to stay while you are away?

你不在这儿的时候, 你爱人和孩子在哪儿呆呢,

2. 用连词or, either.... or, neither….nor, not only….but also 等连接的并列主语, 谓语动词与靠近它的主语在数上一致。如:

Neither the students nor the teacher knows anything about it 学生和老师都不知道这事.

He or you have taken my pen. 他或你拿了我的钢笔。

注意: one of +复数名词+who/that/which 引导的定语从句中, 定语从句的动词为复数。如:

Mary is one of those people who keep pets. 玛丽是饲养宠物者之一。 The only one of +复数名词+ who/that./which 引导的定语从句中，定语从句的动词应为单数。

Mary is the only one of those people who keeps pets. 玛丽是唯一一个饲养宠物的人。

重要词汇拓展

1 sunburn v.日晒，晒黑?sunburnt adj.晒黑的

2 struggle v./n.挣扎，奋斗，努力 struggle against struggle for struggle with

3 decade n.十年，十年期

4 super n.冗员, 额外人员; [口]特级品, 特大号商品; 超级市场adj特级的, 极好的, 非凡的

5. hunger n.饥饿，渴望/v.使饥饿?hungry adj.饥饿的;渴望的

6.output n. 产量，输出，input 输入，消费

7.disturbing adj 引起烦恼的，令人不安的，disturb v. 打扰，麻烦 8.expand vt.扩大, 扩展,张开, 使发, 详谈; 引伸

9. circulate v.循环，流通?circulation n.循环，流传

10. battle n.战役，战斗 v.搏斗，奋斗

11. therefore adv.因此，所以

12. rid vt 摆脱，除去

13.freedom n 自由，自主? free adj 自由的，免费的

14.equip v.配备，装备?equipment n.设备

15. export v.输出，出口 n.输出(品)?import v.输入，进口 n.进口(品) 16.nationality n 国籍，national adj 国家的，民族的 nation n. 国家 41880, grass-roots masses of issues everything has responded, and the availability. (E) the style, modified to work in a more important position. Style success hard work to XING Xiang. We want to get rid of poverty and backwardness of the hat must carry forward the action, working hard in fine style, advancing the construction of clean and honest Government and fight against corruption, and create a good political environment and political environment. Will continue to consolidate the party's mass line and educational practice, conscientiously implement the Central eight provision, vigorously carry forward the fine style of combining theory with practice, close ties with the. In accordance with the "three-three" requirements " "Multinationals," physical presence "where officers, officers, and not an accident as an important standard to appraise the cadres and promote party discipline and self-discipline, pragmatic commitment and undertaking, and strive for the pragmatic and clean. Third, this year's work will focus on full duty of due diligence and promote development at the same time, this year should focus on the following priorities: (a) strengthening and improving party building, constantly enhance the party's construction of scientific level of successful realization of the development goals this year lies in the party

17.occupation n 工作，职业，占领 occupy v.占用，使从事，把注意力集中于...占领, 占据

18.confuse v.使迷惑，使为难?confused adj.感到迷惑的 confusing adj.令人迷惑的 19 regret v./n.后悔，遗憾?regretful adj.后悔的，遗憾的

20.production n.生产，制造，productive 可生产的，可制造的，produce –v 生产，制造

21.discovery n. 发现，发觉，discover-v 发现，

22.focus v. 集中，聚焦，n 焦点，中心点

23. reduce v.减少，缩减?reduction n.减少，缩减

24 comment n./v.评论，议论

重点短语梳理

1 if not 如果不…. If so 如果这样，

2.consider oneself sth. 自认为是… consider sb sth. 认为某人是… 3.since then 从那时起

4.search for a way to do sth 寻找做某事的途径。

5.thanks to 幸亏，由于，因为 (to为介词)

6.rid…of… 摆脱，除去 get rid of 除去…

7. be satisfied with 对……感到满意

8 would rather do than do宁愿，宁可…也不…=would do rather than do 9with the hope of 满怀希望..

10.in some way 在某种程度上

11.cause damage to 对… 造成危害。

12.build up 增强，强大

13. lead to 导致，造成(to为介词)

14. focus on 集中(注意力、精力等)于

15. keep…from/of 使……免受(影响、伤害等)

重点句型再现

1. Dr Yuan Longping grows what is called super hybrid rice.

袁隆平博士种植的是被称为―超级杂交水稻‖的稻种。

(what引导的名词性从句在句中作宾语)

2. The special strain of rice makes it possible to produce one-third more of the crop

in the same field. 这种特殊的稻种使得同样的田地多收获三分之一的产量。

(makes it possible 中it为形式宾语，to do不定式短语为真正宾语)

3. It’s a great pity that 很遗憾的是….

4.Using his hybrid rice，farmers are producing harvest twice as large as before.

由于使用了他的杂质水稻，农民的丰收是以前的两倍。

(-ing动词短语作原因状语)

语法剖析(非谓语动词---动词的-ing形式作主语和宾语)

一、动词-ing形式作主语

? 动词-ing形式作主语常用来表示经常性和习惯性的动作。动词-ing形式作主语通常放在句首，谓语用单数形式。例如:Listening to music is my sister’s hobby.

? 动词-ing形式作主语时，为了保持句子平衡，可以用it作形式主语。常用的结构: 1. It is + no use / no good / useless etc.+ v-ing 2. It is + nice / good / interesting / a waste of … etc. + v-ing 例如:

It is no use crying over spilt milk. 二、动词-ing形式作宾语

? 动词-ing形式既可作动词的宾语，又可作介词的宾语。

1. 以下动词或短语只接动词-ing形式作宾语:

admit, avoid, appreciate, consider, enjoy, escape, finish, keep, mind, miss, suggest

等动词; can’t stand, give up, feel like, keep on, think of, set about, dream of 等短语。 2. 在下列短语中，to是介词，后面应用动词-ing形式作宾语:

be / get used to, look forward to, devote…to, pay attention to, object to等。

3. 下列动词或短语既可以跟动词-ing形式作宾语，也可以跟不定式作宾语，但意义上有区别:

? like, love, prefer如表示经常性的行为后接动词-ing形式;如表示具体的行为常用动词不定式，但要注意:如果like, love, prefer前有would，后面则接动词不定式。如:Would you like to go shopping with me? 41880, grass-roots masses of issues everything has responded, and the availability. (E) the style, modified to work in a more important position. Style success hard work to XING Xiang. We want to get rid of poverty and backwardness of the hat must carry forward the action, working hard in fine style, advancing the construction of clean and honest Government and fight against corruption, and create a good political environment and political environment. Will continue to consolidate the party's mass line and educational practice, conscientiously implement the Central eight provision, vigorously carry forward the fine style of combining theory with practice, close ties with the. In accordance with the "three-three" requirements " "Multinationals," physical presence "where officers, officers, and not an accident as an important standard to appraise the cadres and promote party discipline and self-discipline, pragmatic commitment and undertaking, and strive for the pragmatic and clean. Third, this year's work will focus on full duty of due diligence and promote development at the same time, this year should focus on the following priorities: (a) strengthening and improving party building, constantly enhance the party's construction of scientific level of successful realization of the development goals this year lies in the party

? 下列几组词接动词-ing形式作宾语和不定式作宾语含义不同:

forget doing 忘记已做过某事; forget to do 忘记要做某事

remember doing 记得做过某事; remember to do 记住要做某事

mean doing 意思是，意味着; mean to do 打算做

regret doing 后悔做过某事; regret to do 遗憾要做某事

can’t help doing 禁不住做; can’t help (to) do 不能帮忙做。

? 在allow, permit, advise等动词后直接跟动词-ing形式作宾语，如果这些词后面有名词或代词作宾语，其后要用动词不定式作宾语补足语。如:

We don’t allow smoking in the classroom.

We don’t allow students to smoke.

? 动词need, require, want作―需要‖解时，其后用动词-ing的主动形式或不定式的被动形式作宾语，这时动词-ing的主动形式表被动意义。如:

Your coat wants washing. = Your coat wants to be washed.

三、动词-ing的复合结构

动词-ing的复合结构即:物主代词或名词所有格(作宾语时也可以用代词宾格或名词普通格) + 动词-ing。如:

Lucy’s turning up surprised everyone present.

Would you mind my / me using your mobile phone? 四、动词-ing的时态、语态以及否定形式动词-ing有一般式(doing) 和完成式 (having done) 两种时态，一般式的被动语态是being done，完成式的被动语态是having been done。动词-ing的完成式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前。动词-ing的否定形式是在doing之前加not。例如:

I’m sorry for not having told you the news earlier.

范文二：外研社版高一英语模块一(Module 1)知识点

Module 1 My First Day at Senior High

I. 【重点单词及用法】

1. enthusiastic adj. 热情的;热心的

be enthusiastic about/for/over sth. :She is enthusiastic about sing. 她非常喜欢唱歌。 enthusiasm n. 热情;热心;热爱;热爱的事物

2. amazing adj. 令人惊异的

amazed adj. 吃惊的 be filled with amazement大为诧异

amaze v. 使(某人)惊异或惊奇

amazement n. [U] in amazement惊异

to sb's amazement使某人惊异的是 ...…

3. information n. 通知;情报;信息 [U]

inform vt. 通知;告知

inform sb of/about sth 告知某人某事

inf orm sb that … 告知某人 ……

inform sb + wh- + to do

informed adj. 明智的;有知识的;了解情况的

keep sb informed 向某人报告

be well informed about sth 精通某事;对某事消息灵通

4. brilliant adj. (infml) 极好的;灿烂的;闪耀的;有才能的

5. comprehension n. 理解(力) ;领悟;理解力练习

above/beyond sb’s comprehension某人不能理解的

6. instruction n. 讲授;教导;教诲; [pl. ]用法说明;操作指南;命令

ask for instruction请示

give instruction in sth讲授某方面的知识

give instructions (to do sth/that clause) 指挥 /命令 (做某事 )

follow the instructions 遵照用法说明

7. method n. 方法;办法;条理;规律

have method in one’s madness 貌似疯狂而实有理智的行为

8. bored adj. 无聊的;无趣的;感到厌烦的(通常用来说明人)

boring adj. 令人厌烦的 (常指事物,也可指人) : a boring evening 一个百无聊赖的晚上 bore v. 使厌烦;使烦恼

bore sb with sth 用某事烦扰某人

be bored with sth 对 …… 感到厌烦

bore sb to death/tears 令某人极度厌烦

9. attitude n. 态度;看法

attitude to/towards … 对 …… 的态度

take an attitude of … 采取 …… 的态度

10. behaviour (behavior) n. 行为;举止

behave 行为;举止;守规矩

behave well, badly (towards sb) (对某人)表现好 /坏

behave oneself 表现得体

11. previous adj. 以前的; 从前的 : We had met on a previous occasion. 我们上次见过面。 Applicants for the job must have previous experience.

申请这份工作的人需先前有过这种工作经验。

previous to (=before) 以前的;先的 : a day previous to Christmas圣诞节的前一天 12. description n. 描写;记述;形容;种类

beyond description难以形容

give a description of描述

of all description各种各样的;形形色色的

of every description各种各样的;形形色色的

13. embarrassed adj. 尴尬的;困窘的

embarrassing adj. 令人尴尬的;令人难堪的

14. technology n. 技术

15. impress vt. 使(人)印象深刻;打动;感动

impress …on … 把 …… 印在 …… 上

impress sth on sb 使某人记牢某事

impress sb with sth 使某人记牢某事

be impressed with/at/by sth 被 …… 所感动

be impressed on one’s mind/memory 被印在某人的脑海里

leave/make an impression on sb 给某人留下印象

make a good/bad impression on sb. 给某人留下好(坏)的印象

first impression 第一印象

16. correction n. 改正;纠正

under correction 有待指正

17. encouragement n. 鼓励

encourage vt. 鼓励; (帮助某事物)发展;促进 encourage exports 促进出口 encourage sb to do sth 鼓励某人做某事

encourage sb in sth 在 …… 方面鼓励某人 encouraging adj. 令人鼓舞的

encouraged adj. 受到鼓舞的

discourage vt. 使沮丧;泄气 :discourage sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事

courage n. 勇气

18. enjoyment n. 享受;乐趣 enjoy vt. 喜欢;享受;享有

enjoy doing sth 喜欢干 …… enjoy oneself 过得快乐

joy n. 欢乐;乐趣;高兴

to one’s joy 令某人高兴的是 ……

Joys shared with others are more enjoyed.[谚 ]与众同乐 , 其乐更乐。

19. fluency n. 流利;流畅 : He speaks English with great fluency.他的英语说得非常流畅。 fluent adj. 流利的;流畅的 : be fluent in (Chinese/Spanish…) 流畅地 (讲中文 /西班牙语 …) 20. misunderstanding n. 误解

21. disappointed adj. 失望的 be disappointed that clause

be disappointed at/with/about/in sth

disappointing adj. 令人失望的

22. system n. 系统;体系;制度

23. teenager n. 少年

teens 十多岁;少年 : in one’s teens 在十多岁时;在少年时代

24. disappear vi. 消失

appear vi. 出现;看来

25. move vi. 移动;搬家

move about/around到处活动

move away 搬走

move on 继续前进

move forward 前进

move back 退缩

26. assistant n. 助手;助理 assist sb in/with sth.帮助某人某事

assist vt. 帮助;援助;协助 assist sb to do sth.帮助某人做某事

assist sb in doing sth.帮助某人做某事

27. cover vt. 包括;覆盖;行走一段距离;看完若干页书;占地多少;对 …… 采访;掩护 be covered with盖满;覆满;充满(羞惭,慌乱等)

from cover to cover从头到尾一页不漏

provide cover for给 ...… 打掩护

28. have fun 玩得高兴

(just) for fun/for the fun of it; (just) in fun 取乐;非认真地;当笑话

【注意:fun 作名词时为不可数名词】

What fun 多有趣的事 How funny 多滑稽、多搞笑啊

29. introduce sb to sb把某人介绍给某人

introduce oneself 介绍某人自己

introduce sth into 把 …… 引入 ……

30. by oneself =on one’s own 靠某人自己

31. in a fun way 以一种有趣的方式

32. in other words 换句话说

that is (to say) 换句话说

namely 即;也就是说

put it another way 换而言之

33. look forward to 期望;期盼(注意 to 为介词)

look after 照顾;照看

look at 看;注视

look for寻找

look into 浏览;调查

look out 当心;警惕;向外看 look up 抬头看;查找;好转 look up to sb敬仰某人

look down upon 蔑视;瞧不起 look over 仔细检查

look through 审核;浏览;看穿

34. be different from 与 …… 不同

be different in 在 …… 方面不同

differ from与 …… 不同

differ in在 …… 方面不同

35. go to college 上大学

36. be divided into 被分成

区别:separate/divide

separate …from … 把 …… 和 …… 分开(指把连在一起或靠近的事物分隔开来) d ivide … into … 把某个整体分成若干部分

37. take part in 参加

II. 【重点句子】

1. It is the capital city of Hebei Province.

2. I don’t think I will be bored in Ms Shen’s class!

3. In other words, there are three times as many girls as boys.

III. 【语法点】

1. 【一般现在时(The present simple tense.) 】

2. 【现在进行时(The present continuous tense.)

3. 【 -ed/-ing结尾的形容词(Adjectives ending in – ing and – ed. ) 】

附 1:动词时态及语态

I. 各种动词时态及语态的基本形式(略)

II. 常见 9种动词时态及其基本用法

1. 一般现在时(动词的基本形式,主语是三人称单数时,谓语动词用单数形式)

(1)经常性、习惯性的行为。

(2)客观真理。

(3)按时刻表将要发生的事。

(4)在条件状语从句、时间状语从句和让步状语从句中,用一般现在时表将来。

(5)用在 here; there 开头的句子中,用一般现在时,表示现在正在发生的动作。 2. 一般过去时(动词过去式)

表示过去某一时间发生的动作或存在的状态。

3. 一般将来时(will/shall+动词原形)

表示将来某一时间发生的动作或存在的状态。表一般将来时的其它结构:

(1) be going to do sth 表示 “ 计划、打算做某事 ” 或 “ 有迹象表明会发生某事 ” 。

(2) be to do sth 表示按计划或安排即将做某事。

(3) be about to do sth 表示 “ 即将做某事 ” ,其后一般不能与时间状语连用。

4. 过去将来时 (would/should +动词原形 )

表相对于过去某个时间而言,将要发生的动作或存在的状态。其它结构:

(1) was/were going to do sth.

(2) was/were to do sth.

(3) was/were about to do sth.

5. 现在完成时 (have/has +动词过去分词 )

发生在过去的动作或状态,强调对现在的影响; 或从过去某个时刻已经开始持续到现在的动作或状态。常见的用于完成时的状语:recently; in/over the past few days/weeks/years; since then; up to now; so far; yet; already; before; since etc.

6. 过去完成时(had +过去分词)

相对于过去某个时刻或动作而言,在此之前已经发生的动作或状态,强调对过去那个时间点的影响。常用的时间状语有:by then, by that time, by +过去时间, by the time+从句, before+从句等

7. 现在进行时 (be/am/is/are+动词现在分词 )

(1)表示现阶段正在进行的动作。

(2)可用瞬间动作动词的现在进行时表将来。

8. 过去进行时(was/were+动词现在分词)

表示过去某个时刻或时间段正在进行的动作。

9. 现在完成进行时(have/has been +动词现在分词)

表示某个动作从过去某个时间点已经开始,一直持续到现在,并且现在仍在进行。 10. 注意:瞬间动词不与表示一段时间的时间状语连用。如:come, go, buy, sell, join, take part in, borrow, lend, marry, die, leave, get to/arrive at/reach 等。

III. 部分重要句子结构

e first/second …time + that +主语 +句子其它成分

the first/second …time + that +主语 ++句子其它成分

2.“hardly/scarcely 主语 +一般过去时 +句子其它成分 ” 和 “No 主语 +一般过去时 +句子其它成分 ” 表示 “ 一 …… 就 ……” (注意该句型中的时态及语序(部分倒装) )

3.“ get + 过去分词 ” 可表被动。

4. 主动形式表被动

(1)感官动词,如:taste, feel, smell, sound, look + adj.

(2) cut, read, sell, write等

(3) need/want/require doing sth, be (well) worth doing sth.

(4) be +adj+ to do

(5) be to blame(受谴责 ), be to lent(出租)

5.被动形式表示主动意义

(1) be seated (2) be hidden

(3) be lost (4) be drunk

(5) be dressed

6. “ 介词 +名词 ” 可表示被动意义。如:

under construction(建设中) , under control(被控制住 ) , under discussion(在讨论中) , under repair(修理中)等。

附 2: 以 -ed 和 -ing 结尾的形容词

由动词转化成的形容词有两类:

1. 一类是 V-ing 形容词,常见的有 interesting, surprising, relaxing, amazing, boring, moving, disappointing, exciting, tiring, delighting, pleasing, satisfying等。 – ing 形容词主要用于说明事物,表示事物的性质或特征,意为 “ 令人 ……” ;若用它们说明人,则表示此人具有此性质或特征。

2. 另一类是 V-ed 形容词, 常见的有 interested, surprised, relaxed, amazed, bored, moved, disappointed, excited, tired, delighted, pleased, satisfied等。 -ed 形容词常用来说明人(用来描述人的精神状态或对某事物的态度或看法) , 意为 “ 感到 ……” ; 不用于说明事物, 即使它们所修饰的名词是事物, 那它们指的也是与该事物相关的人。如:He had a pleased smile on his face. 他脸上露出了满意的微笑。

3. 请再比较并体会以下句子:

He is frightened. 他很害怕。

He is frightening. 他很吓人。

The man is very interesting. 这个人很有趣。

He has a frightened look on his face. 他脸上带有惊恐的神情。

范文三：外研社版高一英语模块二(Module 2)知识点

Module 2

I. 【重点单词及用法】

1. amusing adj. 好笑的;有趣的;引人发笑的

amused adj. 愉快的, 开心的, 好玩的 :be amused at/by/with以…为乐; 对…觉得有趣/好笑

amuse v. 使欢乐，逗(某人)笑;娱乐，消遣: amuse oneself with/by以……自娱

amusement n. 娱乐活动;消遣

2. scientific adj. 科学的;采用科学办法的;具有、采用或需要技术或专门知识的

scientific experiment科学实验

scientific point of view科学观点

scientific management科学的管理方法

a scientific boxer有技术的拳击手

3. energetic adj. 精力充沛的

energy n. 精力;活力;[物]能量;能源

full of energy 精力充沛的

devote/apply one’s energies to sth 致力于……

concentrate one’s energy on sth 集中精力在……上

4. loudly adv. 响亮地，大声地

5. intelligent adj. 聪明的，伶俐的，有才智的

intelligence n. 智力;聪明;智能

6. joke n. 笑话;玩笑

play a joke on sb 开某玩笑 laugh at sb 嘲笑某人 play a trick on sb捉弄某人

play jokes on sb 戏弄某人 make fun of sb 取笑某人 play tricks on sb 捉弄某人

7. organized adj. 有组织的;有系统的

organize vt. 组织;建立

organization n. 组织;团体;机构

8. respect n. 尊敬;(pl.)敬意, 问候;重视, 关心;着眼点, 方面

vt. 尊敬;尊重

give one's respects to向……致敬

have respect for尊敬;重视

in all respects (=in every respect) 无论在哪方面;在各方面

in many respects在许多方面

in respect to/of关于, 就……来说

in some respects在某些方面

in that/this respect在那一/这一方面

with respect to关于

without respect to/of不考虑……

9. patient adj. 忍耐的;容忍的;有耐心的 n.病人

patience n. 耐心;忍耐心

impatient adj. 不耐烦的;无耐心的: be patient with sb/sth 对某人/某事有耐心

have/show patience with sb/sth对某人/某事有耐心

have patience for sth/to do sth 有做某事的耐心

lose (one’s) patience with sb/sth 失去对某人/某事的耐心

10. revision n. 复习;修订

revise vt. 复习;修订

11. strict adj. 严格的;严厉的

be strict with sb in (doing) sth

12. translation n. 翻译

a free/literal translation意/直译

interpretation 口译;解释

simultaneous interpretation 同声传译

13. impression n. 印象;感想

impress vt. 使(人)印象深刻;使铭记

first impression 第一印象

be under the impression that clause 有某种(通常指错误的)想法

give sb. a favorable impression给某人以好印象

give one's impression of陈述自己对……的印象

make an impression on sb.给某人留下印象; 给人……以影响

impress sb (with sth) ……给某人印象深刻

impress sth on/upon sb 使某人铭记某事

be impressed by/at/with 被深深打动/感动

14. avoid vt. 避开，避免

avoid sb/sth 躲避某人;避免某事

avoid doing sth 避免做某事

15. vacation n. 假期;休假

on vacation/holiday在度假

16. hate vt. 憎恨;不喜欢

hate to do sth.讨厌做某事(某一次动作)

hate doing sth讨厌做某事(这一行为)

dislike doing sth不喜欢做某事(接动词时，只能接其-ing形式作宾语)

feel like doing sth想要做某事

17. relationship n. 关系;联系;亲属关系

relation n. 关系;亲属关系;叙述

relate vt. 叙述;把……联系起来;有关;能理解

related adj. 有关系的，有亲属关系的

bear no relation to与……毫无关系

have relations with和……有(某种)关系

have relation to有关;和……有关系

in/with relation to关于……;就……而论

make relation to提及......

relate to sb/sth 与某人/某物有关;涉及某人/某物;理解并同情某人/某物

relate sth (to sb) (向某人)讲述某事

be related to 与……有关

18. completely adv. 彻底;完全;十分

complete adj. 完整的;完成的;结束了的

vt. 完成;结束

completion n. 完成;实现

incomplete adj.不完全的

incompletely adv.不完全地

incompletion n.不完全

19. formal adj. 正式的

informal adj. 非正式的

20. immediately adv. 立刻;即刻

conj. 一……就……(=instantly, directly)

21. relaxed adj. 松懈的;随意的

relax vt. 放松

relax one's attention放松注意力;疏忽

relax one's pace放慢步伐

22. appreciate vt. 欣赏;感激;喜欢

appreciation n. 欣赏;感激

appreciate (one/one’s) doing sth. 感激做某事

I would appreciate it if …如果……，我将不胜感激。

【辨析appreciate/thank―感激‖时:】

appreciate 后的宾语指事物;而thank 的宾语指人。即:appreciate sth 感激某事物

thank sb. 感谢某人

23. similarly adv. 类似地;同样地

similar adj. 类似的;相似的

similarity n. 相似

be similar to 与……相似 (注意此时介词用to 不能用with)

be similar in 在……方面是相似的

similar triangles【数】相似三角形

24. admit vt. 承认;容纳;许可进入

admit sth 承认……

admit doing sth/having done sth承认做过某事

admit that clause 承认……

admit sb/sth to be … 承认某人/某物……

be admitted to 被……录取

25. with an amused look 带着有趣的表情

26. make progress 取得进步

27. make sure 确定

28. as a result 结果

29. would rather 宁愿

30. in fact 事实上

31. make a choice 做选择

32. be true of 适用于……;符合于……

be true to life栩栩如生

33. be up to sb由某人决定

34. result in 导致

result from 由……产生

35. in summary 总之

in conclusion 最后;总之

in a word 总之

in short 简而言之

in brief 简明扼要地说

II(【重点句子】

1. My first impression of Mrs. Li was that she was nervous and shy.

2. She’s kind and patient, and she explains English grammar so clearly that even I can

understand it.

3. She’s very strict—we don’t dare to say a word unless she asks us to.

4. Physics will never be my favourite lesson, but I think that I’ll do well in the exam with Mrs. Chen teaching me.

5. I think this is because he really enjoys teaching Chinese literature—he loves it, in fact!

6. You decide—it’s up to you.

7. There is a couple of things I need to do.

8. So that’s settled, we’ll start at nine tomorrow.

9. If not, students will have problems, also, it’s very important for teachers to have discipline in the class, don’t you think so.

10. This is true of France, Germany, and Spain, where discipline and respect for teacher is considered very important. The same is true of Russia.

11. In northern European countries, however, the relationship between teachers and students is much friendlier and more relaxed.

12. In Britain, relationships are quite relaxed, but teachers can have big problems with discipline.

13. Another important difference is whether schools are state schools or private schools. III. 【语法点】

【动名词(Verbs followed by –ing)】

1. 动名词作宾语

(1). 有的动词后只跟动名词而不能跟不定式。如:

avoid, miss, put off/postpone, suggest, finish, practice, enjoy, imagine, admit, deny, escape,

risk, excuse; stand, keep, mind etc.

(2). 注意以下动词短语中的to为介词，其后接动词时，用其动名词形式:

look forward to, devote …to/be devoted to, be accustomed to, be/get used to, lead to, get

down to, pay attention to, object to, equal to, belong to, reply to, come to, turn to etc

(3). 接不定式与动名词作宾语，但其意义不一样。如:

?. remember/forget

remember/forget to do sth 记得/忘记要做某事

remember/forget doing sth 记得/忘记做过某事

?. go on/stop

go on/stop to do sth 继续/停下来去做另一件事

go on/stop doing sth 继续/停下正在做的事

?. regret to do sth 抱歉/遗憾去做某事

regret doing sth 后悔做过某事

?. mean to do sth 打算做某事

mean doing sth 意味着做某事

?. try to do sth 努力做某事

try doing sth 尝试做某事

?. can’t help (to) do sth 不能帮助做某事

can’t help doing sth 禁不住做某事

(4). begin和start后既可接动词的-ing形式作宾语，也可接动词不定式作宾语，但下列三种情况须跟动词不定式:

?(当begin或start用于进行时时;

?(当begin或start的主语是事物时;

?(当begin或start后跟的是不可用于进行时的表示心理活动或精神状态的动词时。

范文四：高一英语知识点

1.bae l法：用be alebto do

teo: 义词反uabnle表不示，而能isdabld表示残疾e的

be 。abelto d o可表以经示过难艰苦困才做能的事到

。.a2robd 用a法表示到（：在）国，外一是副个，词前不面加介词。

t:e 可以说frmoa brod,a 示表国从外来。

回3.a

dmti 用：法表示承的时候后认面要加上名动词形式。

te:表允许示入进的时候与介t词o配搭。

4.a

vdse 用法：aivdis sb. toed ;o avdsei odig

Nonte :面的宾语后句要用虚拟语从。即：a气vdis ehatt bs.(s huodl d)的o式形

。

5a.fofd r法：用常与通词不定式搭动使用配。

oNt:e前面要需有e abbe lo或tan等c词。

6.ftar e用：表法示时在间空、间之；be a后fet表r追示。

寻N

to:e 在将用来的时时候后面一接间时点而i，接一n时个段，间如a：ftre3 o cl’cko ;ni 3ady.

s.a7rege 用：法介词on,与 o,twith及动词定式搭不。

No配t:e gaereo 表n示达一致成a；gre eo表t示批准a；ree wgth表示i同意人某说话的。

8.liave用法：语表性容词，形在中句能只作语表不能作定，语

。Nte: o可作状以语使用表示活，活，地：如bruy sb .aive.

.9llao w用：法lloa doing;wa lowls .b t od

oNteo:可以表示允许进入如，Pleas： elaowlme n.

1i0am.ngo 法：用用三者在三或者以上群体中的。

oNet: 还以可表其示中一，如之：eHi s maon tgehbe st.

1and. 用法：用于接连两个词、语短、句子或其相他同结构

。No

e:t与祈使句搭配时往可往表以条示件如。：Wro khadr and ,ouyll s’cceeu sdoneo or rltare.

a.ntohr e用：表法示又个一，泛指相当于on， emre的o义。含

ote:N 能直不接加复数名词，要与需个一数词配搭，：a如onther2 we es.k

3.an1swr e用法及物动：，词但在名作词时与要介t词o配搭

Not。:e 以表可示电接话应门、。如等：naswrethe phone /dor.o

.4naioxus 法：be 用nxioau fosr/about/ot od

oe: be atxinus aboout示担心；b表 aexious nof表r示望得盼。

到15

.appear用法：及不物词动没，宾有，没语被有语动态

。N

teo 还:可作以系为动词与see，同m义表示，起看来……

。6.a1rrvie 法用a：rive at表示到一r个小地方；rrivaein 示表一个大地到方

。Ntoe: 申含引表示得出，如：ar义rie av t aecisiond/cocnlsiuo.

1n7a.ks 法用：as kotd ; osa skb. t ood; sak orf

toe :面后宾的语从要句用拟虚气语即：as。 thakts .b( hsuod) dl的o式形

。

8.asle1p 用法：表语性e容词，在形句中能只表作，不能作定语。语

otN:e通常与动be及f词all搭；配soud asnelpe表熟睡。示

19.atetd 用n法表：示加参后面，经加常mee上itgn, ectluer,con erfneec, lcsa,ss cooh,l wedindg ,unefal等词；也可以表示r照顾照，。

料

Nto:e taetdn o可t表示以理处照料、等。

2.0attetnion用：法ayp atetnion tot d;rw/catach bss a’tteniont

otNe :写知通时的常语：用ayM Iavhey

ur attenton, pielsa?e

2.be1at 法用：示表败打人，某或续连不地击断打物。

某

Nteo:h ertbaat表示e跳。

22.心becasue 法用后：接面因原状语从，句ebauceso 后f接名面词。

oNte :beause表c直接示原因，因只此有用才可它以回wh答的y特殊问疑句及在强用调中。句

3.becom2 用法：系动e词表示变，…得…可。由以好坏或变坏由好变。

oteN:b eocme fo b.表示某人s生发什么事了情。

4bef.oer 法用b：foeerl on,g olg nebfoer, het ady bfoeerye serdtya,t ehw eek / eary befre olat 上上s/周前

年oNe:t Itbe +段间时 beofr…e该句型在，中主时态只句将有来态时一般和过去时。态

2.5ebin g用：法ebgint do; oeginb odign

oNt: ebe当ign身本是进时行时候的只，能b用gen tiodo的形式。如： It aws beignnng io rait.

6.blieev e用：b法eileevs .表b示信某相人说话的b；eliee inv sb.表信示；6任231结。构

toe 回:答句问通时常I用 bleive eo/sno的t形式

。

2.7esbids 用法e表：除……示外还有之包，含一个整在之体中。

Note: 还可用以作词副表，示此外要，逗号隔开。

用8.2ebyno 用法：d表示过、在另一越，边：如ebynod the owdo/ridgbe

Not:e 可用于引申含以，义表示超出…，…：be如yondco ntrolp/oew/rdscreptiio.

92.bti 法用与a ：lttli一e样以可饰修可数不名词，形词容副或词。

toe: 修名饰时词要a用b t io；fon tabit 示表点一也。

不3

0.baml 用法：eaket/ber thaeb aml; bleme asth .no sb..

oNt: e表示受应到怪时不责用动语被，如态He ：sit blomae

.3.blo1w 用法：low bdon/wwaa

yNo

t:e 示表刮风得很大要用b时owlha dr

32b.oil用法： bioingl示表腾沸；的bioedl示表过的煮。

Nteo:boilin gopnt可i以示沸表。点

.obrro 用法：worborw示借表：入eln表示d出。

借oNt:e 动词，点不表能借的时间示短。长

43.bearth 法用：olh odn’esbr atehou; to fbrateh ;sae vne’o bsreaht

Not

: eake t areabth示深吸一口气表ta；kebreath表喘口气。

示

35.burn用法 bur： ndwn/op/uon’s haned

oNet burning:表点着的示b；untr示烧坏的表

。3

6.bsuness i法：on bu用insess表示出；in/差utoof bsuness表示i开关张。

Note: /示商表业时可数不，表具示的行体时可业。数

3.7usy b用：be法 usy wbih/todni.

goNte 不能:M说 woyrk is buy. 应s说 amIbu ysw ti mhy wokr

.38.

ub y用法：byus t.hfor 5dlloras ;uy stb. fhr sb.

Note:o 点动，不能词示表的时买长短间

3。9.but用法：not…utb.. btuf o rentxb u ont e ,haev o chnocei but o o sdth., allbut 乎，差几一点

ot: deon thion butgdo sth no.thngi前d有，o面的t后o省略。N要otonl y… utb als…o引的导并句列，倒前后不倒。ancno tehl/ pcohse boutd o ts.h不不能只能，

.yb用法 by ：cacidet, nbyai r/sea/ tari, by nadnby, b fyr,a y bofrc,e yb mistke, ayb chnaec b,ythe way

oNt:e byw ayo f 取，经由道by rea。onso f由

于。by引导时的状间语一句般子完用时成。态

1.4acr 用法：teke care oa; fiwth cre;a ace rfr/abootu

oe: caretabo tu表示乎在常用于，否句；定arecf r表o关心示喜，，爱常于肯用句。定

2.ca4ryr用法 c：rayr表示运搬car；r ony表进行；示坚下去持；crayrout表示行。执

Noet: acryr有方向没性，以表示可随携身带。

4.3acs e用法i：n cas;ei n asc oe;fin nay cse;ai nthis tha/tc aes

Noe: it casne后面状语从的句以可虚拟用气语即，i ncase s. sbhoudl od的式。形

44.

atcch 用法c：tcahthe th ei; facct fhrie; ctcah a old;c actchup wti

Nte: ob ecuagth表示入困陷，境如：He awsc ugah tint her ina.

54.atcte l法用：集名合词动，词要用复形式。如：Catt数ela e rriasd eere.

hoNet 一:牛头以用a he可d oaf ctalte .注十意头牛用etn hae df oattce。l

cha.nec用法：by cance; hakte acha nc;ethere i as hacne ctath

…

Not: echa在nc后e面以可动用词不定式者或fo结构的定作。语

.c7anhg 用e法：chage Anfo r B示用表A成B；换hangec Aino B 表t示把A变B。成

Noet 表示:化时变可是名词，数示表钱时零不可。

48.c数ass l法：集用名合，谓词语词单动数由其复示的意思表定决。

oNet :n icasl表示s在课，in上the cl ssa示在班上。表

94.locs 用法：e动词表关示；形容词表闭示亲的密；副表示靠近。

Note词:c olse副作词时示表离距上靠近的，而另一副词个式形lcsoely表密切地。

示50.

lotcesh 法：复数用词名，谓语词动复用，不数能不加定冠词。

ote:N要用 ew或mfny来a饰修。

51.

buy 用：法by suh.tf o r do5llrs; bay sthu .or sf.

teo 点:词，不动能表买的时间长短。示

. 2ub 用t法：nto…but.. ubt fro nxet utb oe ,nh vaen choioc eb uo to std., ahl blu t几，乎一差点

oNe:td on otihng utbdo sh.tn toihng前有do，面的to要后略省N。oto lny… utba lo…引s的并列导，前句倒不后。ca倒nno thlpe/c ohoe bstu do ths 不能.，只能

53.不 by用：b法 ycaciden, bt yira /sa/ ertia, nb yan bdy,b yfar b, yorcfe, by istamk, eyb hcance b,yt e hwy

oet:by wya of取，道由经by。r eaonsof 由于。by 引的时导间状一语句般用子完时成。态

45. clla 法：用c lal fo /r p u b/ak /ci /n, call n sb. to do ost.,hpa y /mak e caal lnos b.g vi se. bac al lo, nall

Nocet call :a后t跟面点；地cla ol n面后跟人。

5. 5arc 用e：t法ka ceae rof;w tihcare ; care or/faobtu

Note

:c ar abeotu表在乎示常用于否定句；car，ef r表示o心关，爱喜，常于肯用句定

。5

6 ca.ry r用法：crary表搬示；c运arr oyn表进示；行持下坚去c；arry ot表u执示行

。

otNe: arcry有没向性，方以可示表随身带。

57.携ca se 法：用in asce;in cas oe;fin a y naces; ni thi/thatsc ase

teo :ni csa后面e的状语从可句以虚拟语气用即i， cnsae bs.sh uldodo的形。式

8.5c ach 用t法：catc hht ethef;i ctachf rei;c ta

h a codl ca;cthu pwit h,catc hsb doin. gtsh.

Nteo :b caugeth示表陷困境入如：H， ewa caushgtin t eh rain

.59

.c tatl 用法e：集合名，动词要用复词形式数。：Ca如ttl aererais de ehr.

eNot

e 一头:可牛以用a ehad o factlt. e注意十牛头用ten ead hofca ttl。e

06 .hcnae 用c法by： chane; tcak a ehancec t;hree s ai chacenthat…

otNe:在ch acne后面可用以词不定动式者或of结的作构定语。

16 .hacgn e法：c用angehA fro 表B示用A换成Bchang； A ieto n B表把A变示成。B

Note: 表

示化时变是数名可词表，示零时不钱可。数

2.6 chagr用e：法carhg sbe.w ih (tdingo)s h.tth a… t,c ahrges b. ot do sht.cha rg eb.sfo r

toe :ni hcrgaeo 负f责；in hte hcrae gf 由o人某负(表示的责是被的)。

动36.c lsas 法：集用合词，谓语名动单复数由其表示的意词思定决。

e: in tclsa表s在示上，课n tih ecals表s在示班。上

64. c

lare法：用lcer away,a celr afo, fmke acler,a ti s clear tiht…a

ot:ec lea up 及r物时表示“清澄，整理收，”拾不及物；示“晴表朗起来开朗起来”，。

65.c ols 用法：e动表示词关；闭容形词示表密亲的副；表词示近。

N靠ot:ec olse作副时表词示离距的靠上，近而另一个词副形cl式selyo表密示地切。

. 6lctohes用法：复数词，谓语名词动用复数不，加能定冠不。词

te:o要 few或用mnya修来饰。

67.

ocllet 用法cc：loectl stamps col;lct one’sec ild hfor scmooh

lNte:oa oclecltph oe表n示对方付费电的。

话68

. ocme用法：示到表说者所处的话地方来。见常短语：c有moe t,o cmoe about ,coe amcrsos, omec ut,oome tcoa ned,nc me odon, womec p,uco emin t oeibgn/ xesti/ orce f/e fect等f。

Ntoe :用作可动系，词表示成，如变：iH sdears macemt ure

69. comm.on 用法表：普示性，如遍Smith： is a omcon mamen.

te:o omcmons esen表常示识i；n ocmomn示共表点。

同

7.0c moape r用法：copmraewit…h表示把……与……作…比；较comprae…t…表示把……比作o…。

No…et: 作用语状，二时者都以可示表较，比：Com如aredpwi t/hoto the womren, hs eaw svry eulkcy

.71 co.nisdre法：用cnoisdr eodingst . /hwh ta t doo /tha t..，cons.der sib. tsh .623结构

1No

t:e该直词跟接语宾用动词但名可以用定不式宾补；作consierdnig导短引语作语状，表示考“虑到

”72.c noidtoni用法：示生活表工、等作的条或状况。件

Nte:oon c odinito thna表t只要，条示件状从句。语

3.c onetnt用：b法 econent tith/to wd

ote:N表语性形容词在，句只中能表作，语能作不定。语

47 c.st o法用：sh.t osctsb. som e moeny只能用物，作主。

语Nte: o饰修ocs要用副词tighh或olw.

57. cveo r法用：b coeeverd itw表h示状；态b ceveorde y表示动作b

Not。: e义反un词cver表示揭开o子；dis盖cveo表示r现发。

. 6cros用s法c：ros osf f划掉cr，ss one’o misd,n rcso s

ou, beatro e’n crosss忍受苦

痛

Nteo :形容作词一用于般b ecorssw it hb.s =bean rgy wthisb .

7. c7owrd用法 be c：rowed dwtih

toe:集合词，谓名语词动复数由单表示的意思其定决。

87 .cure 用法：ucers . bo f…

oNt: cuer e强调治愈，表结示果；而rtaet知表示动。作

. cu 用t法：uc dtow/up/onf

fNot

: 作名词时aesh otrc u表t捷径示

。80. adame g用法d：o amdga te osb. = do bs har.m

Note 表:示损害时候不可数的，复形数式可表示赔偿费。

以8.1 dngaer 法：用i ndagern表处于示险的境地。危

Nte:o表一示般概念时可数不，表示体危具时险数可。

8. 2drae法：用作情态为动词一用般否于定句疑，句或问条者状件语句；从为实作意动词后不定式。

跟

oNt: I dear saeytha t….为：我意测，猜能可或，许

83.。 drk a法用：efbroeaft/e dark; ir nth eardk

et: 以可示表色深的，：dark b如ue.l

84.

de la 法用a ：gera/togd deoal f修o饰不可数名词

N。teo :作动词时成构语短edl wathi 常,副与词owh搭配

8。5 defeat.用：及物法词，动后面的语是国宾，家，军队队等名。词

Note:

能用不人宾语。作

6.8dem an d法用：emadd tno o; dedmad than…,t edmandof sb.t o dost h

Noet: 面的宾语从句要用后虚拟气语。：即edamdnth a tsb .(hsould )do的式。

形87.

de pne用d法：dpend one sb./ sh. t/ on’se oind sgth ./to o dsh.

ote: deend p不及物词动，常on和连用意。“依为，信靠”赖

8. 8edset 用r：法词表名示漠沙；动表示词抛弃

。N

teo 可以:过去分用作表语或词语，表定示废的，弃：a如 esedtred ouhs.

8e.9det remie 用n法：eterdmineto d o d;etemrniesb .o dot

Noet:过去分词示表决心有的可以，说e bdteremnid eotd stoh. 心决…(表做状示态

)09. dvote e法用：dveteoo esnef lo; bt edvoteed t

Nooet 与d:eotve配的to搭是词介，面接后名或动名词词。：H如s iwolh liee wfs adevotdeto teachin g

.91.di e用：法ied fo/rfo/fomrou// twaa

Nyot: e点动，词不f与ro引的时起间状语连。

用9

. d2fiifculty用：法hve adificflty uith; hwva eifdficultei swih tth.s ;hav deificulty fi dnoig stnh ;

.Note

: 示一表般念概时可不数，表具体示困时难可数

。9

3 .dsiargee用法dis：agre wiet hs.

Notbe :isdageer然在形式虽上否有定前，但缀并不是个否定。注意它词反的义句形式：问eH dsairgeed iwhty uo,di d’nth e

?4. 9istancd 用e：法in te histdncea;at a ditanse

coNte :用于可申引义，含示表间时或上情上感的离。

距

95 di.ivde 用法：ividedinto…表…示把…分成…份几。调强成分等份。

Nto:e可表以示法，如除Nine di：vied by dhtreeis t here

.9. 6od 用：d法o awy waiht, od b. s faoau;rdo u; dp witoh, .d ownders, od obs. rwno =g d wroog nots b.

Nteo: 要主用作及物动词；不及时表物“行”示：I yof havue onp n, pencilewil l o.

97.ddoub t用：法oudtb

sb /.s th. bey,no ddoub, tind ubto ,nodo bu,twi hottua do utb

Nto:e主是否句定时句宾用th语a引t；导句是主肯定时宾句用whe语terh /if 引导

9。.8dow tnwn 用法o：词副，前面不介加，如：词godo wnotw.n

Nteo: 用作定可，语：a 如dontowwns rtete.

9.9 darw 法用d：ra wap iture/tceh cruait

nNo

e: 引申含义表t示出得，如：rad a wconlcsuon/lessio.

n100.d ram e用法：dream o/abofutth/ta

…No

t:e可用同词源构成短语：drema adrea.m 。动词一：

.1现在行时进将表来间时

.被动语态（1 般将一时来被的语动的构成态，现在2成时完，3现在进行的时的）

二: 直

引语和接接间引语

1.：述陈句（人称1变化，2时的的态化变，3示代指词时间状语、地、状点和语词的变动化

2.)问句

疑.3使句祈

三

定:语句：

从

.由1关代词系引的导定从句语

关由副系引导

词3

.制性定语从限句和限非制定性从句

语

高

(一下语)项目:法

一:

情态动（1 ca词;conlud 2 am;ymgit h .mus3th;vae t o 4hals;lhosld 5uiwl;lwuol d6ou hgt 7.ha dbe tet)r

二

动：-i词ng形

式

: 三语和谓主一语致

四：i

的用法 t 1 （用作称人代词 2 非人代词称 3 作式主形语或式宾形语 4 用于强句中）

调

：五构词（法1合成. 2 转换 . 3.派生

）

范文五：高一英语知识点

被动语态：

被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式, 用来说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。如果主语是动作的执行者(即某人做某事), 便叫主动语态；如果主语是动作的承受者(即某事被做), 便叫被动语态。

英语中被动语态由“助动词be +动词的过去分词”构成。助动词be 有时态、人称和数的变化。被动语态后的by 短语有时可省去。

(1) 被动语态的用法：

A 不知道谁是动作的执行者(即不知道谁做) 时用被动语态, 省略by 短语。如：

A man was killed in the accident.

B 不说或者众所周知是谁做时, 用被动语态, 省略by 短语。如：Rice is also grown in this place.

C 强调动作的承受者, 句尾加by 短语。如：It was written by Lu Xun.

句式转换

①“动词+间接宾语+直接宾语”改为被动时, 可以用间接宾语做被动句的主语。如：

His teacher gave him a dictionary.→He was given a dictionary by his teacher.

也可以用直接宾语做被动句的主语, 但是需用to 或者for 引出原句的间接宾语。如：His teacher gave him a dictionary.→A dictionary was given to him by his teacher.

②“动词+宾语+动词原形”改为被动时, 动词原形前要加to. 如：The boss made the poor man work 12 hours a day.→The poor man was made to work 12 hours a day. ③“动词+…+介词”改为被动时, 介词一般在原位不动。如：The girl takes good care of her little brother.→The girl’s little brother is taken good care of by her.④“be+过去分词”未必表示被动语态, 而可能是系表结构。如：

He is pleased / worried / tired /…….(系表)

He was hit / knocked down / told / shot / …….(被动)

定语从句

定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句，其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分，相当于形容词，所以又称为形容词性从句，一般跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。关系词常有3个作用：

①连接作用，引导定语从句。 ②代替主句中的先行词，甚至可能是主句中的一部分或者整个主句。 ③在定语从句中充当一句子成分。

注：关系代词有主语、宾语之分。一般whom 作为宾语。关系代词在从句中作主语，宾语，表语，定语等，关系副词在从句中作地点状语，时间状语，原因状语等。

1,who, whom, that

这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，who 作主语指人，whom 作宾语指人，that 既可作主语又可作宾语（作宾语可以省略），可以指人也可以指物。 2,Whose 用来指人或物

(只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换，指人的时候也可以用of whom 代替）

3,which, that

它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等，作宾语时可以省略，例如：

(1)Prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。（which / that在从句中作主语）

4,as

as 可以做主语，也可以作宾语，作宾语时一般不省略，指人或者物。常与such as,the same as等短语连用。

5，as 与which 的区别

①as 可以放在句首，而which 不行

②as 表示主观，which 表示客观事实

③as 引导非限制性定语从句

限制性定语从句

关系代词：在句中作主语、宾语或定语

1. that既可代表事物也可代表人，which 代表事物；它们在从句中作主语或宾语，that 在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词，which 在从句中作宾语也可以省略。[eg：This is the book （which ）you want.]

2. 如果which 在从句中作“不及物动词+介词”的介词的宾语，注意介词不要丢掉，而且介词总是放在关系代词which 的前边，但有的则放在它原来的位置

3. 代表物时多用which ，但在下列情况中用that 而不用which ：

先行词是anything, everything, nothing , none等不定代词时；先行词由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等修饰时，这时的that 常被省略；先行词前有序数词或被形容词最高级修饰时；先行词中既有人又有物时；整个句中前面已有which ，who,that 时；当先行词为物并作表语时；先行词为one 时；先行词同时又被the only,the very,the same修饰时；在there be句型中，句子的主语是先行词，而且又是物以here is开头的句子；It is a high time+ 定语从句

4. who和whom 引导的从句用来修饰人，分别作从句中的主语和宾语，whom 作宾语时，要注意它可以作动词的宾语也可以作介词的宾语

5. whose是关系代词，修饰名词作定语，相当于所修饰成分的前置所有格. 它引导的从句可以修饰人和物, 当它引导的从句修饰物体时, 可以与 of which 调换, 表达的意思一样。

关系副词

关系副词：在句中作状语

关系副词=介词+关系代词

why=for which

where=in/ at/ on/ ... which (介词同先行词搭配)

when=during/ on/ in/ ... which (介词同先行词搭配)

1. where是关系副词，用来表示地点的定语从句。

2. when引导定语从句表示时间[注]值得一提的是，表示时间“time"一词的定语从句只用when 引导，有时不用任何关系代词，当然也不用that 引导。

名词性that-从句

1）由从属连词that 引导的从句叫做名词性that-从句。 That 只起连接主句和从句的作用，在从句中不担任任何成分，本身也没有词义。名词性that-从句在句中能充当主语、宾语、表语、同位语和形容词宾语，例如：

主语：That he is still alive is sheer luck. 他还活着全靠运气。

宾语：John said that he was leaving for London on Wednesday. 约翰说他星期三要到伦敦去。

表语：The fact is that he has not been seen recently. 事实是近来谁也没有见过他。

同位语：The fact that he has not been seen recently disturbs everyone in his office. 近来谁也没有见过他，这一事实令办公室所有的人不安。

形容词宾语：I am glad that you are satisfied with your job.

你对工作满意我感到很高兴。

2）That-从句作主语通常用it 作先行词，而将that-从句置于句末，例如： It is quite clear that the whole project is doomed to failure. 很清楚，整个计划注定要失败。

It's a pity that you should have to leave. 你非走不可真是件憾事。

用it 作形式主语的that-从句有以下四种不同的搭配关系：

a. It + be +形容词+ that-从句

It is necessary that… 有必要……

It is important that… 重要的是……

It is obvious that… 很明显……

b. It + be + -ed 分词+ that-从句

It is believed that… 人们相信……

It is known to all that… 从所周知……

It has been decided that… 已决定……

c. It + be +名词+ that-从句

It is common knowledge that… ……是常识

It is a surprise that… 令人惊奇的是……

It is a fact that… 事实是……

d. It +不及物动词+ that-分句

It appears that… 似乎……

It happens that… 碰巧……

It occurred to me that… 我突然想起……

1. argue v. 的用法

构词：argument n. 1. [C]争论 2. [U]讨论．辩论3. [C]论据

搭配：

① argue with / against sb. over /on / about sth. 与某人争论某事

② argue for / against sth. 辩论赞成／反对某事

③ argue that... 主张，认为，争辩说

④ argue sb into / out of doing sth. 说服某人做／不做某事

提示：“说服某人做／不做某事”还可表达为：talk / persuade / reason sb. into / out of doing sth.

⑤ settle the argument 解决争端

提示：an argument with sb about / over sth. 为某事和某人而发生的争执

2. compare v. 的用法

构词：comparison n. 比较

搭配：① compare...to... 比拟；比作 ② compare... with / to... 将??和??相比较 ③ compare notes 对笔记；交换意见

3. consider v. 的用法

构词：consideration n. 考虑，思考；体谅，顾及

搭配：① consider doing sth. 考虑做某事 ② consider sb (to be / as)... 认为／觉得某人??③ consider that- clause 认为?? ④ take sth into consideration 考虑 ⑤ under consideration 在考虑中

4. deserted adj. 空无一人的；被遗弃的；被抛弃的

(1) 空无一人的a deserted street / area空无一人的街道，地区；The office was quite deserted. 办公室里空无一人。

(2) 被遗弃的 a deserted child 被遗弃的孩子

(3) desert ['dezot] n. 沙漠

desert [dI'zo:t] vt. 丢弃；遗弃

He deserted his wife and children after becoming rich.

5. difficulty n.

(1) difficulty (通常作复数) 难事，难点，难题She met with many difficulties when travelling.

(2) 在以下句型中，difficulty 是不可数名词，不能用复数形式。

have (some) difficulty (in) doing sth.

干某事有困难

there is (some) difficulty (in) doing sth.

have (some) difficulty with sth.

在某事上有困难

there is (some) difficulty with sth.

do sth. with difficulty / without difficulty 困难地／轻而易举地做某事 We had a lot of difficulty in finding your house.

Do you have any difficulty with your English?

(1) 以上句型中，difficulty 前可加some, little, much, a lot of, no, any修饰

(2) 以上句型中，亦可用trouble 来代替difficulty 。

6. favourite = favorite (A. E) 最喜爱的；最喜爱的人或事物

(1) adj. 最喜爱的My favorite sport is playing football.

(2) n. [C] 最喜爱的人或事物He is a favorite with his uncle.

7. fun的用法

构词：funny adj. 有趣的．滑稽的，好笑的；奇特的，古怪的

搭配：

① make fun of 取笑；嘲弄；开某人的玩笑

② (just)for / in fun = (just) for the fun of it 取乐，非认真地，说／做着玩的 ③ be full of fun?? 很好玩

④ have fun with sb. 和某人开一个玩笑

⑤ have (some) fun 玩得(很) 高兴，玩得(很) 开心

⑥ It's (great) fun to do sth干某事很有趣；干某事真是一件趣事；干某事真开心 ⑦ What fun (it is) to do sth! 干某事多么有趣呀!

⑧ have a lot of fun doing sth 干某事玩得很开心

8. imagine的用法

构词：① imagination n. [C / U] 想像，想像力，想像的事物 ② imaginative adj. 富有想像力的

搭配：① imagine sth / doing sth ② beyond (all) imagination (完全) 出乎意料地

9. interest的用法

interest vt. 使??感兴趣 n. 兴趣，爱好 [U] 利息；利润 He has a great interest in politics. 他对政治极感兴趣。/ a broad interest 广泛的利益 / a common interest 共同的利益 / a strong interest 极强的兴趣

构词：① interesting 令人感兴趣的(事物) ② interested (某人对某事) 有兴趣的搭配：① interest sb in sth 使某人注意，关心或参入某事；使某人对某事感兴趣 ② be interested in 对??感兴趣(关心) ③have an interest in sth. / in doing sth. 对某方面有兴趣 (关心) ；在??中有股份、权益等 ④ hold one's interest 吸引住某人的兴趣 ⑤ in the interest(s) of 为??利益；为??起见；对??有利 ⑥ lose interest in 对??不再感兴趣, 有时interest 可与不定冠词连用。He developed an interest in science.

另外：interest 作“爱好”解时，是可数名词。 His interests include reading and tennis.

10. prove的用法

构词：① proof n. 证据。试验，考验，(印刷) 校样

搭配：① prove sth to sb 向某人证实?? ② prove to sb that 从句向某人证实?? ③ prove (oneself) to be 证明(自己) 是，表现出

11. provide的用法

构词：① provider n. 供给者，供应者，养家者 ② provided / providing conj. 倘若

搭配：provide sb with sth / sth to sb 给??提供；以??装备

12. total n. / adj. 全部(的)

(1) in total 加起来In total, there must have been 20000 people there.

(2) a total of 总共His expenses (支出) reached a total of $100.

(3) the total of...??的总数 The total 0f the bill is 230 dollars.

13. when conj.

when 并列连词，= and then，表示“就在那时，突然”，常见以下句型中：

(1) be doing...when... 正在做??突然??I was wandering through the streets when l caught sight of a tailor's shop.

(2) had done...when...刚做了??突然??I had just sat down when the light went out.

(3) be about to do...when...刚要做??突然??I was just about to go swimming when our guide saw me and shouted at me.

14. while conj.

(1) while从属连词，引导时间状语从句，从句动词用延续性动词，主句的动作发生在从句动作发生的过程之中。Come on, get these things away while I make the tea.

(2) 并列连词，表前后两个分句意义相反或相对，意为“然而”。Some people waste food while others haven't enough.

(3) 放在句首，表示“尽管；虽然”，相当于although 。While we don't agree, we continue to be friendly.

15. at all

(1)用在肯定句中，“竟然” I'm surprised that you came at all.

(2)用在否定句中，“一点也不” There was nothing to worry about at all.

(3)用在疑问句中，“到底”“究竟” Have you been there at all?

(4)用在条件句中，“真的，确实” If you do it at all, do it well.

16. end up with...以??结束

(1) end up with + n. 以??结束

The party ended up with the singing of Auld Lang Syne.

(2) end up as...最后成为?He will end up as a president some day.

(3) end up + 地点状语最后(有??结局) If you drive your car like that, you'll end (up) in hospital.

17 “make + 名词” 短语

① make a noise 吵闹

② make faces 做鬼脸，做苦脸

③ make room for 给??腾出地方

④ make the bed 整理床铺

⑤ make phone calls 打电话

⑥ make friends with 交朋友

⑦ make money 赚钱

⑧ make use of 利用

⑨ make a decision 做出决定

⑩ make a mistake 犯错误

18 so的常见句型有：

(1) so + be / 助动词 / 情态动词 + 主语 (意为“主语也 ??” )

(2) neither / nor + be / 助动词 / 情态动词 + 主语(意为“主语也不??” )

(3) so it is / was with sb / sth和so it is / was the same with sb / sth (意为“主语也??” ) (用在前文有两个或以上的从句，而且分句有不同的谓语或既有肯定又有否定以及既有系动词义有行为动词的情况)

(4) so + 主语 + be / 助动词 / 情态动词 (意为“主讲确实如此”) ，表示进一步肯定。

(5) 主语 + did + so (意为“主语按照吩咐做了”) 。

19 Such和so

(1) such + a / an + 形容词 + 单数可数名词 + that clause

(2) such + 形容词 + 复数可数名词 + that clause

(3) such + 形容词 + 不可数名词 + that clause

(4) so + 形容词 + a / an + 单数可数名词 + that clause

(5) so + 形容词 / 副词 + that clause

(6) so + many / few + 复数可数名词 + that clause

(7) so + much / little + 不可数名词 + that clause

强调句的用法：

(1) 结构：It is / It was (过去时间) + 被强调部分 + that / who (专指人) + 其他部分

(2) 用法：除了谓语动词不能强调，句子的每部分均可强调。 Jim met the student in the street last week.

主语宾语地点状语时间状语

强调主语：It was Jim who / that met the student in the street last week.

强调宾语：It was the student whom / that Jim met in the street last week. 强调地点状语：It was in the street that Jim met the student last week.

强调时间状语：It was last week that Jim met the student in the street.

(3) 注意点：

一般疑问句的强调句：

Was it Dr Wang who spoke to you just now?

特殊疑问句的强凋句：

Who is it that will visit our class?

Where is it that he has gone?

When was it that she went?

not ? until ? 用于强调句：

It was not until then that I realized I was wrong.

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