全文翻译:
【译文】在三峡七百里的(沿途)中,峡谷的两岸都是山连着山,没有一点缺口.重叠的山岩和屏障似的山峰遮住了天日;如果不是(晴朗的)正午或半夜,是不能见到日月的.
到了夏季,江水上涨,淹没丘陵,顺流而下、逆流而上的路都被阻绝.有时遇到皇帝命令急需传达,早上从四川的白帝城出发,傍晚就到了湖北的荆州.这中间相隔一千二百多里,即使是乘御快马疾风,也没有这样迅疾.在春冬季节,则有白色的急流清波回旋,绿色的水潭倒映出各种景物的影子.极高的山峰之上,大多生长着奇形怪状的松柏;悬在空中的泉水和瀑布在峰峦间飞速冲荡,更显出水清山峻,草木茂盛.(这情景)给人带来无限的情趣.
每逢到了天气放晴或降霜的早晨,在凄清的林木、静寂的涧谷中,常常听到高处传来猿猴的叫声,凄厉异常,绵延不息.(那叫声)在空谷中鸣荡,哀婉凄切,久久不绝.所以,打鱼的人往往唱道:“巴东三峡哦,巫峡最长;听那绵绵不息的猿猴叫声哦,不禁泪湿衣裳.”
自三峡七百里 略无阙处 重岩叠嶂 自非亭午夜分 不见曦月
常州朝阳中学 徐岸慧
一、解释下列加点字词的意思。
(一)自三峡七百里( ) 略无阙处( ) 重岩叠嶂( ) 自....非亭午夜分( ) 不见曦月( ) 至于夏水襄陵 ( )........( ) 沿溯阻绝( )( ) ( ) 或王命急宣 虽.....乘奔御风 ( )( )( ) 不以疾也 ( )( ) 则....
素湍绿潭 ( )( ) ( ) 绝献多生柽柏( )( ) .....
飞漱其间 ( ) 清荣峻茂 ( )( )( )( ) .....
良多趣味( )每至晴初霜旦 ( ) 林寒涧肃 ( )( ) ....
常有高猿长啸 ( ) 属引凄异 ( )( )( ) 哀...
转久绝 ( ) 猿鸣三声泪沾裳( ) ...
(二)方为秋田之害 ( )( ) 忽有一虫生 ( ) 如土....中狗蝎( ) 其喙有钳 ( ) 千万蔽( ) 则以...钳搏之( ) 悉为两段( )( ) 旬日子方皆尽 ( ).......( )( ) 岁以大穰 ( )( )( ) 其虫旧.....曾有之 ( ) 土人谓之“傍不肯” ( ) 钱氏据两浙时 ( ) ...方两三级 ( ) 患其塔动 未布瓦 ( ) 故如此......( ) ( ) 而动如初( )( ) 密使其妻见喻....皓之妻 ( )( ) 贻以金钗( ) 问塔动之因 ...( ) 此易耳 ( ) 但逐层布板讫 ( ) 便实钉之 .....匠师如其言 ( ) 塔遂定 ( ) 盖钉板上下弥束 ( ).....( ) 六幕相联如胠篋( ) 人履其板( ) 六...
幕相持 ( ) 人皆服其精练( )( ) ....
二、翻译下列句子。
1、自三峡七百里中,两岸连山,略无阙处。
2、重岩叠嶂,隐天蔽日,自非亭午夜分,不见曦月。
3、至于夏水襄陵,沿溯阻绝,或王命急宣,有时朝发白帝,暮到江陵,其间千
二 百里,虽乘奔御风,不以疾也。
4、春冬之时,则素湍绿潭,回清倒影。
5、绝〔山献〕多生柽柏, 悬泉瀑布,飞漱其间。 6、清荣峻茂,良多趣味。
7、每至晴初霜旦,林寒涧肃,常有高猿长啸, 属引凄异,空谷传响,哀转久
绝。
8、故渔者歌曰:“巴东三峡巫峡长,猿鸣三声泪沾裳!” 9、忽有一虫生,如土中狗蝎,其喙有钳,千万蔽地; 8、 遇子方虫,则以钳搏之,悉为两段。
10、旬日子方皆尽,岁以大穰。
11、匠师云:“未布瓦,上轻,故如此。”
12、无可奈何,密使其妻见喻皓之妻,贻以金钗,问塔动之因。 13、皓笑曰:“此易耳,但逐层布板讫,便实钉之,则不动矣。” 14、盖钉板上下弥束,六幕相联如胠篋,人履其板。
15、六幕相持,自不能动。人皆服其精练。
4分翻译集锦
上海翻译题汇总
1. 在发展经济的同时,我们必须注意节约资源和防止污染。(attention)
While developing economy, we must pay attention to saving resources and preventing pollution.
2. 他的话表明充分意识到了不努力学习的后果。(aware)
His words showed that he was fully aware of the consequence of not studying hard.
3. 专家们建议实施这项工程以造福子孙后代。(advise)
The experts advised carrying out the project in order to benefit future generations.
4. 听说他昨天闹情绪,没来上班。(absent)
I’ve heard that he was absent from work yesterday because he was in low spirits.
5. 尽可能的多看书,你的作文会有进步的。(and)
Try to read as many books as possible, and you can make progress in your composition.
6. 有些留学生要过很长时间才能适应新的礼节和风俗。(adapt)
It will be long before some overseas students adapt to new manners and custom.
7. 是否在黄浦江上再建一座大桥,委员们意见不一。(agree)
The committee couldn’t agree on whether to build another bridge over the Huangpu River.
8. 他因成绩优异被复旦大学提前录取了。(admit)
He has been admitted to Fudan University in advance because of his excellent grades.
9. 艺术节旨在提供一个让学生展示才华的机会。(aim)
The art festival aims at providing an opportunity for students to show their talent.
10. 应该鼓励学生将课堂所学的知识运用到实践中去。(apply)
Students should be encouraged to apply what they have learned in class to practice.
Section B (每题4分)
1. 一些减肥广告已经在电视上停播了。(ban)
Some ads on losing weight have been banned from being broadcast on TV.
2. 他天生记性好,能过目不忘。(born)
He was born with a good memory, and will never forget whatever he has been seen only once.
3. 现在年轻人所缺乏的,不是书本知识,而是实践经验。(not…but)
What young people lack now is not book knowledge but practical experience.
4. 我们应该以事实为基础发表观点,而不是盲目赞成或反对。(base)
We should base our opinions on the facts instead of approving or disapproving blindly.
5. 不要打扰James,他正忙于学校音乐会的操练。(busy)
① Don’t disturb James, as he is busy practicing for the school concert.
② Don’t disturb James, as he is busy with the practice for the school concert.
6. 他总是吹嘘自己父母多么有钱,而不知自食其力。(boast)
He is always boasting about how rich his parents are, never thinking of earning his own living.
7. 无论你到何处,都要牢记在心:入国禁问,入乡随俗。(bear)
Wherever you go, bear in mind that when in Rome, do as the Romans do.
8. 他不仅意识到了自己的弱点,而且想克服它。(Not only…)
Not only did he realize his weakness, but also he desired to overcome it.
9. 救援队在地震发生后不久就设法赶到了那里。(break)
The rescue team managed to get there soon after the earthquake broke out.
10. 这位作家专心致志于写作,以致忘了自己重病在身。(bury)
The writer was so buried in his writing that he forgot his serious illness.
Section B (每题4分)
1. 给我印象最深的是中国人民对未来满怀信心。(confident)
What has impressed me most is that the Chinese people are very confident of their future.
2. 在空调房间待太久会使人生病。(cause)
Staying in an air-conditioned room for too long may cause people to fall ill.
3. 在孩子成长的过程中,父母不能忽视他在交什么样的朋友。(course)
In the course of the growth of a child, parents mustn’t neglect what kind of friends he is making.
4. 与他原来的期待相反,做这个工作需要经常出国。(contrary)
Contrary to what he expected, doing this job involves often going abroad.
5. 经过两个小时的讨论,他们决定向经理投诉这件事情。(complain)
After two hours’ discussion, they decided to complain to the manager about it.
6. 大量砍伐树木肯定会扰乱生态平衡。(It…)
It’s certain that cutting down trees in large numbers will upset the balance of nature.
7. 这些残疾人渴望为社区贡献自己的一份力量。(contribution)
These disabled people long to make their own contributions to the community.
8. 第一次到纽约的时候,我对所见所闻都很好奇。(curious)
The first time I visited New York, I was curious about what I saw and heard.
9. 随着生活水平的提高,人们越来越关心生活质量。(concern)
With the improvement of living standard, People are increasingly concerned about the life quality.
10. 我发现很难与那些一贯固执己见的人合作。(…it…)
I find it hard to cooperate with those who always stick own opinions.
Section B (每题4分)
1. 我校正不遗余力地满足学生对课外活动的需求。(demand)
Our school is making every effort to meet the demands of students for activities after class.
2. 同学们正在热烈讨论是否有必要穿校服。(discussion)
The students are having a heated discussion about whether they should wear school uniforms.
3. 我决定不出席晚宴,除非你答应和我一起去。(decide)
I’ve decided not to attend the dinner party unless you promise to go to with me.
4. 随着现代技术的高速发展,良药不再苦口。(development)
With the development of modern technology, good medicine doesn’t test bitter any longer.
5. 令她失望的是,她想买的连衣裙没有她要的颜色和尺码。(disappointment)
To her disappointment, the dress she wanted to buy was not available in her color and size.
6. 在农村,因为孩子的教育支出,许多父母负债累累。(debt)
In the countryside, many parents are in heavy debt because of the expense of their children’s education.
7. 他否认违反交通规则,而将事故责任推到卡车司机身上。(deny)
He denied breaking the traffic rules and blamed the truck driver for the accident.
8. 那个穿白衣服的女孩多才多艺,给我留下了深刻的印象。(dress)
9. 从考官的表情判断,他对面试者大失所望。(disappoint)
Judging from his expression, the interviewer was greatly disappointed with the interviewees.
10. 由于需要作进一步修改,他将书推迟到明年出版。(delay)
As the book needs further revising, he has delayed publishing the book until next year.
Section B (每题4分)
1. 应鼓励年轻人按照自己的特长选择职业。(encourage)
Young people should be encouraged to choose their careers according to their own strong points.
2. 她报名参加模特大赛,却遭到父母的强烈反对。(enter)
She wanted to enter for the middle competition, which was strongly opposed by her parents.
3. 为了学好英语,学生应尽可能多地接触真实的语言环境。(exchange)
To learn English well, students should be exposed to real language environments as much as possible.
4. 要教育人们注意保护环境并不容易。(educate)
It is not easy to educate people to pay attention to protecting the environment.
5. 他在技巧和经验上都与我们旗鼓相当,谁都有可能夺冠。(equal)
He is equal to me in skill and experience, so either of us is likely to win the championship.
6. 近来,他在从事关于做笔记对学习效果的研究。(engage)
Recently,he has been engaged in a research on the effects of taking notes on study.
7. 您的旧家电在我们任何一家连锁店都能以旧换新。(exchange)
You can exchange your old household appliances for new ones in any of our chain stores.
8. 不仅年轻人爱好这项运动,许多中年人也跃跃欲试。(eager)
Not only do the young enjoy the sport, but also many middle-aged people are eager to have a try.
9. 必须采取一切可能的措施以确保奥运会顺利进行。(ensure)
All possible measures must be taken to ensure that the Olympic Games will go on well.
10. 为了与时具进,专家们正努力改进教科书。(effort)
To keep pace with the times, the experts are making great efforts to improve the textbooks. Section B (每题4分)
1. 我们最好不要与言而无信的人打交道。(fail)
We’d better not make friends with those who always fail to keep their promises.
2. 他目不转睛地看着相册,想起许多童年趣事。(fix)
With/Keeping his eyes fixed on the photo album, he recalled much fun in childhood.
3. 他作为一个杰出的科学家而闻名,但他却淡泊名利。(famous)
He is famous as an outstanding scientist, but he isn’t interested in fame and wealth.
4. 只有通过仔细的观察和分析我们才能发现问题的所在。(find)
Only through careful observation and analysis can we find out what the problem is.
5. MP4正在流行,而MP3已不再时兴,时尚的潮流总是这样日新月异。(fashion) MP4 is in fashion now while MP3 is out of fashion, and fashion is changing constantly like this.
6. 她总是穿着奇装异服,难怪同学们要取笑啊她。(fun)
No wonder her classmates make fun of her because she always wears strange clothes.
7. 许多市民青睐地铁,是因为它不会发生交通拥堵。(free)
Many citizens favor the underground because it is free from the traffic jam.
8. 龙井茶不仅在国内享有盛誉,许多外国人也熟悉它。(familiar)
Longjing tea not only enjoys a high reputation at home but is familiar to many foreigners.
9. 为了方便起见,他用短信告诉了同事们这个好消息。(form)
For convenience’s sake, he told his colleagues the good news in the form of text messages.
10. 他蹑手蹑脚地走进房间,唯恐吵醒睡着的孩子。(fear)
① He went into the room on tiptoe for fear of waking up the sleeping child.
② He went into the room on tiptoe for fear that he would wake up the sleeping child.
Section B (每题4分)
1. 中国人认为子女赡养父母是天经地义的。(grant)
The Chinese take it for granted that sons and daughters should support their parents.
2. 有不懂的地方就求教于老师,不要犹豫。(hesitate)
Don’t hesitate to ask your teachers for help if you can’t understand anything.
3. 你最好检查一下你的眼睛,很明显你的视力在下降。(have)
You’d better have your eyes examined as obviously your eyesight is failing.
4. 没弄清事实就匆忙作出决定是不明智的。(hurry)
It is unwise to hurry to make a decision before getting a clear idea of the facts.
5. 只要不灰心,我们终会克服暂时的困难。(heart)
As long as we don’t lose heart, we will eventually overcome the temporary difficulty.
6. 只有经历艰难困苦的人才明白人生的真谛。(go)
Only those who have gone through hardships understand the true meaning of life.
7. 这次考试考的太差,他决定不将成绩告诉父母。(hide)
He did so badly in this exam that he decided to hide the score from his parents.
8. 非常感谢你在我困难时向我伸出了援助之手。(grateful)
I am very grateful to you for lending me a helping hand when I was in trouble.
9. 当父亲听说女儿在大学中的优异表现时,他满面春风、容光焕发。(hear)
When the father heard about his daughter’s excellent performance in university, his face lit up.
10. 高中毕业后,他被送去农村体验生活。(graduation)
After graduation from high school, he was sent to the countryside to experience the life there. Section B (每题4分)
1. 因特网可以使我们不断了解国内外发生的事情。(inform)
The internet keeps us informed of what is happening at home and abroad.
2. 我对这类电视剧不感兴趣,因为它们千篇一律。(interest n.)
I have no interest in TV plays of this kind as they all follow the same pattern.
3. 如果你忽视句型,你的翻译水平就不可能提高。(impossible)
It is impossible for you to improve your translation level if you ignore the sentence patterns.
4. 他们失败后没有怨天尤人,而是更加刻苦训练,力求在下次比赛中获胜。(instead) ① Instead of complaining about the failure, they trained even harder to win the next match.
② They didn’t complain about the failure; instead, they trained even harder to win the next match.
5. 人们发现越来越难跟上现代科学的发展。(keep)
People find it harder and harder to keep up with the development of modern science.
6. 他查阅了很多资料,想要了解番茄是何时引入中国的。(introduce)
He consulted a lot of information to find out when tomatoes were introduced in China.
7. 我对学生所谈论的电子产品一无所知,我发现自己落伍了。(ignorant)
Being ignorant of the electronic products the students are talking about, I find myself left behind.
8. 网络使我们能足不出户就周游世界。(…it…)
① The Internet makes it possible for us to travel around the world without leaving home.
② The Internet makes it possible that we can travel around the world without leaving home.
9. 无论风多大、雨多急,警察一直坚守在岗位上。(keep)
No matter how hard the rain falls and wind blows, the police keep to their posts.
10. 许多年轻人受到鼓舞愿为服务公众而贡献时间和精力。(inspire)
Many young people were inspired to devote time and effort to serving the public.
Section B (每题4分)
1. 由于缺乏资金和人力,地铁修建不得不推迟。(lack)
The building of the subway has to be put off for lack of funds and labor.
2. 虽然交通拥挤,他还是设法把旅客及时送到了机场。(manage)
In spite of the heavy traffic, he managed to send the tourists to the airport in time.
3. 老师冷不丁问了她一个问题,她不知如何回答。(loss)
① The teacher asked her a question so suddenly that she was at a loss for an answer.
② The teacher asked her a question so suddenly that she was at a loss how to answer it.
4. 作为一名服装设计专业的学生,他渴望有一天能去巴黎。(major v.)
As a student who majors in fashion design, he desires to visit Paris some day.
5. 经理今天情绪不好,我刚才被他平白无故骂了一顿。(mood)
The manager is in a bad mood today, and just now I was scolded by him for no reason.
6. 这次意外事故使他学到了“乐极生悲”这个教训。(lesson)
The unexpected accident taught him a lesson that too much happiness leads to sorrow.
7. 我们盼望能参加艺术节开幕式。(look)
We are looking forward to attending the opening ceremony of the art festival.
8. 他有写小说的潜质,因为他擅长编故事。(make)
He has potential for writing novels because he is good at making up stories.
9. 我们决心按计划完成校长交给的任务。(mind)
We’ve made up our minds to finish the task assigned by our headmaster as planned.
10. 这个体育场位于市中心,这是大家很容易到达那里。(locate)
The stadium is located in the city center, which makes it easy for all the people to get there. Section B (每题4分)
1. 她将缺席这场比赛,因为她的膝盖要动手术。(operation)
She will be absent from the match because she will have an operation on her knee.
2. 那位工程师平易近人,总是将自己的成功归功与同事们的帮助。(owe)
The engineer is easy to get along with and always owes his success to his colleagues’ help.
3. 如果不满足身体对维生素的需求,我们就会缺乏足够的营养。(need)
If we don’t meet our bodies’ needs for vitamins, we will lack enough nutrition.
4. 昨天下午电梯突然出故障,三个人被关了半小时。(order)
Yesterday afternoon the lift was out of order suddenly, and three people were trapped in it for half an hour.
5. 世博会将给上海一个机会来向世界展示其独特风韵。(opportunity)
The World Expo will give Shanghai an opportunity to show its unique charm to the world.
6. 犯了这么严重的错误,你再狡辩也无济于事。(now that)
Now that you have made such a serious mistake, it’s no use finding excuses.
7. 周围的邻居在听到了“救命”的尖叫声后,马上给警方打了电话。(On…)
On hearing the cry for help, the neighbours immediately called the police.
8. 我没有想到汤姆会被选为学生会主席。(occur)
It never occurred to me that Tom would be elected chairman of the Students’ Union.
9. 虽然她孤身一人,无亲无故,但邻居们都向她伸出了援助之手。(offer)
Although she lives alone with no relatives or friends, all her neighbours offer to help her.
10. 只有持之以恒的锻炼才能使人延年益寿。(Only…)
Only by keeping doing exercise can human being live a longer life.
Section B (每题4分)
1. 中国制造的鞋子价廉物美,深受当地顾客的欢迎。(popular)
Shoes made in China are cheap but good, so they are very popular with the local customers.
2. 你能在这人群中找出你多年未见的兄弟吗?(pick)
Can you pick out your brother who you haven’t seen for years in the crowd?
3. 无论家人怎么劝说,她任然执意要和那个外国人结婚。(persist)
No matter how her family tried to persuade he, she persisted in marrying the foreigner.
4. 她煞费苦心保持房子整洁,却总是被那只宠物狗搞得一团糟。(pains)
She took great pains to keep her house tidy, but it was always messed up by the pet dog.
5. 我们目前面临的问题是如何为明天的面试做好充分的准备。(preparation)
The problem facing us now is how to made full preparations for the interview tomorrow.
6. 我正计划今年暑假去浏览一些名胜古迹。(plan)
I’m planning to visit some places of interest and historical sites during this summer holiday.
7. 必须采取严厉措施以阻止对苏州河的进一步污染。(prevent)
Severe action must be taken to prevent the Suzhou River being further polluted.
8. 肇事司机故意隐瞒事实以逃避惩罚。(purpose)
The driver who had caused the accident hided the facts on purpose to escape punishment.
9. 专家指出,医疗不能代替均衡饮食在保健中的作用。(point)
Experts point out that medical care can’t replace a well-balanced diet in keeping healthy.
10. 电子邮件和电话一样,在日常交流中起着重要作用。(part)
E-mail, as well as the telephone, plays an important part in daily communication.
Section B (每题4分)
1. 刘翔为我们中国人赢得了巨大的荣誉,被认为是民族英雄。(regard)
Liu Xiang has won great honor for us Chinese, and is regarded as a national hero.
2. 我们学校规定学生不可以将手机带入校园。(…it…)
Our school makes it a rule that students mustn’t bring their mobile phones to campus.
3. 劳累一天后洗个澡可以解乏。(recover)
Having a bath after working hard for a day, you can recover from tiredness.
4. 这个问题很值得讨论,它与我们未来的生活息息相关。(related)
The problem is well worth discussing because it is closely related to our future life.
5. 学校要求每位学生每天为家里做一件力所能及的家务。(require)
The school requires every student to do a piece of housework that they can every day.
6. 当他意识到自己的健康每况愈下时,他决定戒烟。(quit)
He decided to quit smoking when he realized that his health was going from bad to worse.
7. 时间有限,这个问题留待下一次会议讨论。(remain)
The time is limited, so the problem remains to be discussed at the next meeting.
8. 说实话,我真后悔失去了获得奖学金的机会。(regret)
To tell the truth, I really regret missing the chance of winning the scholarship.
9. 太大的学习压力使许多孩子失去了快乐的童年。(rob)
Too much pressure of study has robbed many children of a happy childhood.
10. 虽然老师没有提到名字,但是每个人都知道她指的是谁。(refer)
The teacher didn’t mention any name, but everyone knew who she was referring to.
Section B (每题4分)
1. 如果你坚持复习课堂所学知识,你一定能成功。(stick)
If you stick to reviewing what you have learned in class, you’ll certainly succeed.
2. 朋友是无论发生什么都能与你同甘苦的人。(share)
A friend is a person who can share joys and sorrows with you no matter what happens.
3. 外出旅游时务必注意保护环境,为他人着想。(sure)
Be sure to pay attention to protecting the environment and think of others when travelling.
4. 送孩子出国留学是否是件好事要因人而异。(sent)
Whether it is a good thing to send a child to study abroad varies from person to person.
5. 由于受伤的人不断增加,医院严重缺血。(short)
As the number of the injured was increasing, the hospital was severely short of blood.
6. 许多遭到洪水侵害的农民别无选择,只能解雇一些工人。(suffer)
Many farmers who suffered from the flood had no choice but to dismiss some workers.
7. 这些便宜的外套也很好,何必非要买那件贵的。(sense)
It doesn’t make sense to buy that expensive coat when these cheaper ones are just as good.
8. 这小餐馆里的美食种类多得令我们在场的人都很惊讶!(surprise)
All of us present were surprised at the variety of delicious food in the restaurant.
9. 世博会志愿者的职责之一就是带领游客参观展馆。(show)
One of the duties of the World Expo volunteers is to show the tourists around the exhibition halls.
10. 据说在那个湖底发现了一个古城的遗迹。(It…)
It is said that the site of an ancient city has been discovered at the bottom of the lake. Section B (每题4分)
1. 到明年大学毕业,他学习英语有八年了。(by the time)
By the time he graduates from university next year, he will have learned English for eight years.
2. 说到公司的福利和工作条件,所有的雇员都闭口不谈。(talk)
Talking of the welfare and working conditions of the company, all the employees said nothing.
3. 我和他多年没有联系了,不知道他近况如何。(touch)
I’ve been out of touch with him for years, so I wonder how he is getting along these days.
4. 无可否认环境对孩子们的成长有很大的影响。(There....)
There is no denying that environment has a great effect on the growth of children.
5. 一个人如果长期生活在巨大的压力下,就容易患各种疾病。(tend)
If a person lives under great pressure for a long time, he tends to suffer from different diseases.
6. 多亏了一系列的新发明,医生们才能成功治疗这种疾病。(thanks to)
Thanks to a series of new inventions, doctors can treat the disease successfully.
7. 每当他妈妈叫他做家务,他总是假装在看书。(every time)
Every time his mother asks him to do housework, he always pretends to be reading.
8. 该地区的生物正受到工业污染的严重威胁。(threaten)
The living things in this area are seriously threatened with industrial pollution.
9. 经过许多不眠之夜和艰辛努力,他们终于美梦成真了。(true)
After many sleepless nights and great efforts, their dream finally came true.
10. 用手机与朋友保持联系对我们来讲既快又方便。(touch)
It is quick and convenient for us to keep in touch with friends by mobile phone.
Section B (每题4分)
1. 警方警告市民不要网上交友,以免上当受骗。(warn)
The police warn the citizens not to make friends on the Internet in case they are cheated.
2. 充分利用时间并不意味着从早到晚不停地看书。(use)
Making full use of time doesn’t mean keeping reading books from morning till night.
3. 这场时装表演的门票可以在体育馆买,也可以在网上购得。(as well as)
Tickets for the fashion show are available on the Internet as well as at the gym.
4. 他总是全力以赴面对挑战,这使大家印象深刻。(which)
He is always trying his best to face challenges, which deeply impresses everyone.
5. 这部电影百看不厌,它让人们想起了童年时光。(worth)
The film is worth seeing a hundred times as it reminds people of their childhood.
6. 直到他给我发来了电子邮件,我才知道他在国外的生活情况。(not…until) ① I don’t know anything about his life abroad until he told me by means of e-mail.
② Not until he told me by means of e-mail did I know something about his life abroad.
③ It was not until he told me by means of e-mail that I knew something about his life abroad.
7. 我感谢各位嘉宾的光临,并祝各位身体健康,万事如意。(wish)
I’d like to think you for your coming, and wish you good health and good luck in everything.
8. 消息传来在告别会上,所以的同学和老师都畅所欲言。(Word…)
Word came that all the students and teachers expressed themselves freely at the farewell party.
9. 究竟是追赶时尚还是穿出自己的风格由你自己决定。(up to)
It’s up to you to decide whether to follow the fashion or dress in your own style.
10. 上海在过去几年出现了一个现象,许多父母送子女去国外读书。(witness)
The past few years have witnessed a phenomenon that many parents send their children to study
11
英语介词用法全解《早、午、晚要用in,at黎明、午夜、点与分》.doc
早、午、晚要用in~at黎明、午夜、点分。与
年、月、年月、季晚、周~光、、影、衣、冒阳灯in。将来晚晚in...以后~小晚at大晚in。
有形with无形by~晚言、晚位、材料in。特征、方面方式~心情成晚晚用与in。
介晚at和to表方向~攻晚、位置、晚、善分。日子、日期、年月日~星期加上早、午、晚~
收音、晚晚、晚日on~晚于、基晚、、著晚。靠
着、晚、出、晚、公、假~故意、支付、相反~准。售
特定晚日和“一……就”~on后常接晚名晚。
年、月、日加早、午、晚~of之前on代in。步行、晚、晚、玩笑on~cab~carriage晚用in。at山脚、晚口、在前~速、、日落、价、核心。当温
工具、和、同随with~具有、立、就、原因。独
就……晚晚晚主~晚、有、方、表晚分。来状
海、晚、空、晚、偶、被by~晚、人晚数know to man。this、that、tomorrow~yesterday~next、last、one。
接年、月、季、星期、周~介晚省略已晚晚。
over、under正上下~above、below晚不然~若量晚晚用~混合使用亦无晚。‘与数
beyond超出、无、不能~against着~晚反。靠与
besides~except分外~内among之内along沿。同晚比晚except~加for晚晚心晚。异
原状because of,、 owing to、 due to表晚形容晚
under后接修、建中~of、from物、化分。before、after表一点, ago、later表一段。before能接完成晚~ago晚去有限。极
since以来during晚~since晚晚多晚晚。与之相比beside~除了last but one。晚不定for、、价、原~晚、晚、段、去、晚、作、晚。找
快到、晚、向towards~工、、晚、城、北、上、南。学
but for否定用晚~晚合介晚待后言。虚
ing型由于晚~除了除外包合。与
之后、晚于、在......方面~有晚介晚晚晚全。in内to外表位置~山、水、界国to在前。
如大掌握如上介晚用法口晚~就不易出晚。然~至于介晚的晚用法~同形晚又是晚晚及副晚等容此体当尽内
章不晚。下面晚晚口晚分晚晚例助理解消化。帮你
早、午、晚要用in
例,in the morning 在早上
in the afternoon 在下午
in the evening 在晚上
in the day 在白天
at黎明、午、夜、点分与
例: at dawn, at daybreak 在黎明晚候at noon 在中午
at night 在夜晚
at midnight 在午夜
以上短晚都不用冠晚
at six o"clock 在6点晚
at 7,30 (seven thirty) 在7点半at half past eleven 在11点半at nine fifteen 在9点15分at ten thirty a.m. 在上午10点30分也可以成写
seven to five 5点差7分(半小晚以上)five minutes after two 2点晚5分at a quarter to two 1点45分at the weekend 在周末
年月、年月、季晚、周
即来在“年”~在“某月”~在“某年某月” (但在某年某月某日晚用on)~在四季~在第周等都要用几in。
例~in 1986 在1986年
in 1927 在1927年
in April 在四月
in March 在三月
in December 1986 1986年12月in July l983 1983年7月
in spring 在春季 in summer 在夏季in autumn 在秋季 in winter 在冬季in the fist week of this semester 晚期的第一周学
in the third week 在第三周
阳灯光、、影、衣、冒 in~
即阳灯装在光下~在下~在晚晚下~穿衣、着、冒雨等都要用in。例,Don"t read in dim light. 切勿在暗淡的光下看晚。灯
They are reviewing their lessons in the bright light. 他晚在明亮的光下晚晚功晚。灯They are sitting in the shade of a tree. 他晚坐在晚晚下乘凉。
a prisoner in irons 晚着晚晚的囚犯He went in the rain to meet me at the station. 他冒雨到晚站去接我。The poor dressed (clothed) in rags in old society. 旧会社晚人晚衣衫晚晚,以及,in the bright sunlight 在明亮的光下阳
a merchant in disguise 晚的装商人
the woman in white (black, red, yellow) 穿着白(黑、晚、黄)色衣服的晚女in uniform 穿着制服
in mourning 穿着晚服
in brown shoes 穿着棕色鞋
in his shirt sleeves 穿着晚衫
将来晚晚in...以后
例: They will come back in 10 days. 他晚将10天以后回来。I"ll come round in a day or two. 我一天就两来回。
We"ll be back in no time. 我晚一就会儿来回。
Come and see me in two days" time. 天后看两来我。(晚在晚从始)after... (晚去晚从始)
小晚at大晚in
例,Li and I arrived at Heishan county safe and sound, all is well. Don"t worry. 李和我平安地到
达很黑山晚~一切好~勿念。
I live in a great city (big city), my sister lives at a small town while my parents live at a
village. 我住在大城市~我姐姐住在一小城晚~个而我的父母晚住在晚村。
I"m in Liaoning, at Anshan. 我住在晚省宁鞍山市,
有形with无形by~晚言 、晚位、材料in
例,The workers are paving a road with stone. 工人晚正用石子晚路。(有形)The teacher is correcting the paper with a new pen. 晚位晚正用一支教笔新批改晚文。(有形)"Taking Tiger Mountain by Strategy" is a good opera. <智取威虎山>>是出—好晚。(无形)The product is separated by distilation into gasoline and gas oil. 晚晚晚品是用蒸晚分出离气油和粗柴油。 (表示方式、手段、方法无形——)
I really can"t express my idea in English freely in-deed, 我确达晚不能用英晚流利地表我的思想。 (表示某晚晚言用in)
I wrote a novel in Russian. 我用俄晚了一写本小晚。(同上)
The kilometer is the biggest unit of length in the metric system, 公里是米制中最晚的晚度晚位。 (表示度、量、衡晚位的用in )
The length is measured in meter, kilometre, and centimetre. 晚度是以米、公里、厘米晚晚位晚来算的。(同上)
This board was cast in bronze not in gold. 晚个匾牌是晚晚的~不是金晚的。
特征、方面方式、心情、成晚晚用与in
特征或状晚,
例: The Democratic Party was then in power. 那晚民主晚党政。
They found the patient in a coma. 他晚晚晚病人晚于昏迷状晚。
He has not been in good health for some years. 他年几来体身一直不好。
Many who came in despair went away in hope. 晚多人晚着晚望情晚而来~却晚晚希望而去。The house was in ruins. 晚房屋成了晚墟。
The poor girl was in tears. 晚晚个泪苦女孩流晚面。
Her clothes were in rags. 的衣穿她跟破了。
His shoes were in holes. 他的鞋穿出窟窿了。
I only said it in fun. 我晚晚晚只是晚玩笑的。
She spoke in grief rather than in anger. 与她很气她很其晚晚得晚~不如晚晚得晚心。晚有一些短晚也用in~如,
in jest 晚晚地~in joke 晚玩笑地~in spite 晚意地~ in fairness 公正地~in revenge 晚晚, in mercy 晚
大~in sorrow 晚心地等。
His mind was in great confusion. 他晚子里很乱。
Today everybody is in high spirits and no one is in low ebb. 今天大家都晚高采烈~有一情晚没个低落的。
She and her classmates are in flower ages. 和的同都正晚她她学妙晚。The compaign was in full swing. 晚正晚运高潮中。
方面,
例,we accepted the item in principle. 我晚在原晚上接受了晚个条款。They are never backward in giving their views. 他晚不晚表从来怕自己的意晚。The backward area has achieved self-sufficient in grain. 晚落后的个区地在粮食方面已能自晚。A good teacher must be an example in study. 一个教学好的晚必晚是晚的模范。方式,
例,All the speeches were taken down in shorthand. 所有晚告都用速晚晚晚下了。来The Party has always educated us in the spirit of patriotism and internationalism. 一晚以晚主晚党国和晚主晚国教精神育我晚。
如下成晚晚用in
例如, in all 晚晚
in advance 事前
in the meantime 此同晚与
in place 适地当
in hopes of(或in the hope of) 晚着.......希望
in connection with 和……有晚
in contact with 和……晚系in addition to 除......以外
in case of 若~倘万一
in conflict with 和......冲突in force 有效的~大批
in depth 晚底地
in regard to 晚于in the neighborhood of 大晚、晚近in retrospect 回晚~一想起in behalf of 代表......利益in the least 一点~晚毫
in alarm 惊担慌、心
in the opinion of 据……晚解in the long run 晚晚晚晚从来
in one"s opinion 在……看来in word 口晚上in a word 晚之in vain 无益地, 白白地
in case 如果~万一~以防in detail 晚晚地
in haste 急急忙忙地
in conclusion 晚之in spite of 尽管
in other words... 晚句晚晚in return 作晚回晚
in the name of 以......名晚be confident in 晚......有信心
be interested in 晚......感晚趣
in doubt 晚疑
in love 晚中恋
in debt 晚晚
in fun (jest、joke) 玩笑地
in hesitation 犹决豫不
in wonder 在惊奇中
in public (secret) 公晚他(秘密地)
in a good humour 心情(情晚)好
“介晚at、to表方向~攻晚、位置、善、晚、分”。介晚at和to都可以表示方向; 用at表示方向晚~晚重于攻晚的目晚~往往表示晚意~用to表示方向晚~突
出晚的位置运或晚作的晚象~晚重表示善意。晚比晚下列各句,1. A,She came at me. 向她扑来我晚晚。
B,She came to me. 向她来我走晚。
2,A,Jake ran at John. 杰克向晚翰扑晚去。
B,Jake ran to John. 杰克朝晚翰跑去。
3,A. He rushed at the woman with a sword. 他拿着晚向那晚女扑晚去。B. He rushed to the woman with a sword. 他晚着晚向那晚女跑晚去。4,A,He shouted at the old man. 他大声喝斥那老人。B. He shouted to the old man. 他大向声那老人晚
5,A,I heard her muttering at Xiao Li. 我听她晚晚在抱怨小李。B,I heard her muttering to Xiao Li. 我听她晚在同小声李低晚晚晚。6,A. She talked at you just now. 晚她你坏呢才晚晚晚晚。
B,She talked to you just now. 晚她你呢才晚同晚晚晚.
7,A,She threw a bone at the dog. 用一晚她骨晚晚狗。
B,She threw a bone to the dog. 她扔把一晚骨晚晚狗吃。
8,A,He presented a pistol at me. 他用手晚晚着我。
B,He presented a pistol to me. 他晚送我一支手晚。
日子、日期、年月日~星期加上早午晚; 以下皆用on。
例: on Octorber the first 1949 1949年10月1日on February the thirteenth l893 1893年2月13日on May the first 5月1日
on the first 1号
on the sixteenth 16号
on the second of January 或 on January the second 1月2日on a summer evening 在夏天的一夜晚个
on Boxing Day 在晚日礼(晚晚圣次日)
on New Year"s Day 在元旦
on my birthday 在我的生日
但 in the Christmas holidays在晚晚假期圣; in the eighteenth century 在十八世晚; in ancient times
在古代; in earlier times 在早期; in modern times 在晚代~晚用in~the present time 晚在~at the
present day当今晚用at。
on May Day 在“五?一”晚
on winter day 在冬天
on Decenber 12th 1950 l950年12月12日on Sunday 在星期天
on Monday 在星期一
on Tuesday morning 星期二早晨
on Saturday afternoon 星期六下午
on Friday evening 星期五晚上
但last night 昨夜~in the evening 在晚上; on time准晚~in time及晚~等晚不同。年月日~加早午晚~of之前on代in
例, on the morning of 18th 18日早晨
on the evening of 4th 4日晚上
On the eve of their departure they gave a farewell banquet and their head gave a garewell
speech. 他晚在晚行前夕晚行了一次告晚宴会~他晚的晚晚晚表了告晚晚晚。
收音、晚晚~晚日on
例,Did your supervisor like the story over (or on) the radio last night?您从听的晚晚喜晚昨天收音机里到的故事晚?
I heard the news over (or on) the radio. 我从听条收音机里到了晚一消息。talk over the radio 由无晚晚播音
on TV 晚晚从里......
hear something on the wireless 在无晚晚里听到
My brother works on an Army reclamation farm. 我哥哥在一晚晚晚晚工作。个
The students are working on a school farm. 学生晚正在校晚晚晚晚晚。This is a farmer"s house on a farm. 晚是晚晚的晚舍。
Who is on duty, tody? 今天晚晚日?
We go on duty at 8 a.m. 我晚上午8点晚上班。
晚于、基晚、、著晚靠
例: This afternoon we are going to listen to a report on the international situation. 今天下午我晚要晚于晚形晚的晚听国告。
Professor Shen will give us a talk on travelling in America. 申授教将国晚我晚做晚于美之行的晚告。You are wrong on all these issues. 在晚些晚晚上的看法都晚了。你
The belief is based on practical experience. 晚晚信念是以晚晚晚晚晚基晚的。Theory must be based on practice. 理晚必晚以晚晚基晚。践
The people in the south live on rice. 南方人主食大米。(靠)
The citizens live on their salaries. 城市人靠薪金生活。
You can"t afford luxuries, on an income of 100 yuan a month, 月靠薪100元的收入~是晚不你起奢侈品的。
Her pet dogs were fed on the choicest food, 用她喂她精晚料晚晚心晚的狗。He is just a scrounger, who lives on other people. 他正是一小晚~晚晚个靠害晚人晚日子。Keep the kettle on the boil (=boiling). 晚水晚的水一直晚着。
The enemy are on the run (=running). 晚人在逃跑。……
厦大外文学院教授刘凯芳辞世 翻译《午夜之子》大受欢迎
来源:厦门日报?2016-01-08 09:22?http://www.mnw.cn/?海峡都市报电子版
■ 著名翻译家、厦大教授刘凯芳近日在厦门辞世,享年75岁
■ 《午夜之子》堪称媲美《百年孤独》,译作搁置13年出版后大受欢迎
2014年,刘凯芳(右)和他的家人在厦大上弦场,这是刘凯芳最后的照片。(家属供图)
刘凯芳翻译的《午夜之子》最近在中文各大书单上节节攀升。封面人物为鲁西迪。
3日,75岁的刘凯芳在厦门辞世。为了完整呈现《午夜之子》作者萨曼·鲁西迪狂野想象力,以及印度丰富的文化传统与复杂的种族宗教问题,刘凯芳花费巨大心力。这本译作因故被搁置13年,直到2015年10月才出版。
刘凯芳在生命的最后一年多,饱受胰腺肿瘤的折磨,最终却是因为心肌梗塞,以大家始料未及的方式,突然告别人世。耗费心力地完成译作使得这位原本默默无闻的大学教授的离去,在翻译界、文学界、出版界掀起波澜——不少人准备邀请刘凯芳出席年度好书的颁奖典礼,不料等到的却是他辞世的消息。
刘凯芳的女儿刘惠人前日接受采访,似乎还处在父亲猝然离世的错愕中。2日下午,父女俩在刘惠人家里,就《午夜之子》在2015年度好书榜单上排名,进行了小讨论。刘凯芳还告诉女儿,他还翻译了鲁西迪的其他书,译稿就藏在家里呢。
《午夜之子》
内容简介
一个孟买小孩诞生于印度脱离英国独立的神圣时刻(1947年8月15日午夜零点),本书即是这个叙述者庞杂而嘲讽的自传,同时也是一部文学的印度现代史。作者鲁西迪以他丰富而狂野的想象力,呈现了南亚洲光荣与恶兼具的纷繁面向:这块神秘次大陆及其人民的生活、命运、梦想和无奈。
好评如潮
该书1981年出版,曾赢得英国最权威文学奖布克奖。《纽约书评》称它是“这一代人英语世界出版的最重要的书籍之一”。《伦敦书评》认为它是“印度对英语小说最新、最出色的贡献”。《泰晤士报》则赞誉说:“自从阅读过《百年孤独》以来,还从来没有其他小说像它这样令人惊叹。”
刘凯芳翻译的该书中文版去年10月出版。
译好之后,搁置13年才出版
鲁西迪是当今英国文坛的领军人物,被誉为后殖民文学的“教父”。《午夜之子》自1981年出版后便好评如潮,曾赢得英国最权威文学奖布克奖。《纽约书评》称它是“这一代人英语世界出版的最重要的书籍之一”。《伦敦书评》认为它是“印度对英语小说最新、最出色的贡献”。《泰晤士报》则赞誉说:“自从阅读过《百年孤独》以来,还从来没有其他小说像它这样令人惊叹。”
2000年,上海译文出版社邀请刘凯芳翻译《午夜之子》。虽然当时刘凯芳手头正在翻译一部十九世纪的经典名著,但是,他还是决定接下重任。刘凯芳后来在《午夜之子》的译序中写道:像《午夜之子》这样一部举世公认的当代名著,早就应该介绍给中国读者。
刘凯芳花费一年多的时间完成了翻译,因为一些原因未能出版。大约10年前,刘凯芳索性把一半的译稿放在网上,供大家免费阅读,他还不断写文章呼吁,让《午夜之子》告别“午夜”。
但是,这一搁置就是13年,直到2014年,北京燕山出版社开始策划该书出版,出版社编辑尚燕彬此前接受媒体采访时说,当时联系不到已经退休的刘凯芳,只得抱着试试看的心理,向厦门大学官网上所公布的刘凯芳邮箱投了一封邮件,没想到当天就收到了刘凯芳的回复。信中,刘凯芳显得十分高兴,但是仍然十分谨慎地要求出版社再给他一段时间,让他再修改一遍稿子。
在《午夜之子》被搁置的这些年,刘凯芳时不时会重读译文、一遍遍修改。尚燕彬说,想不到临到出版前,他竟要求还要再修改一遍。
反复打磨,力求精益求精
2015年10月,《午夜之子》中文译本出版,五十余万字,刘凯芳后来收到稿费三万多元。让他欣慰的是:《午夜之子》中文版迅速获得了中国文坛和读者的盛赞,并在各大书单中占据排头兵位置。
刘惠人说,爸爸在这本书上花费的时间和精力,远远超过任何一部译著。《午夜之子》的复杂性超过很多人的想象。印度本身是一个文化传统丰富、种族宗教关系极其复杂的国家,鲁西迪在书中使用了大量有关印度传统文化的典故,其中不少都与宗教有关,正如鲁西迪在小说中所说的,印度教中的神灵就有三亿三千万个,其中一些主神有各种各样的化身,这对刘凯芳的翻译增加了难度,他因此参阅了大量有关印度次大陆历史、文化和宗教方面的书籍。
刘凯芳也在译序中举例,书中大量有关食物、衣着和其他风俗习惯的词语源自印地语、乌尔都语或者孟加拉语,这些词语就连《牛津词典》和《韦氏三版国际词典》等大型英语辞书也没有收录,他只得通过邮件向具有印度或巴基斯坦文化背景的外国朋友请教。
刘惠人说,《午夜之子》去年10月份出版后,爸爸当时的身体已经很虚弱了,但是,他总担心有什么错,反复推敲字眼,希望能在二次出版时更加精益求精。
上海译文出版社编辑冯涛此前向媒体表示,现当代英语文学作品因为风格流派很多,相对较难翻译,他认为,刘凯芳很好地处理了英美当代文学的“抗译性”。
家人“沉默”,只因不忍他太辛苦
译作搁置十余年后出版,刘凯芳的喜悦心情可想而知。不过,刘惠人说,他其实对一件事耿耿于怀——有一天,他似乎是无意地问女儿:你妈妈对这件事好像无动于衷,没有任何表态。
刘惠人当时没有做细想,直到前日,她要出发接受《厦门日报》采访时,跟妈妈提起这事,刘太太心痛万分,她是刘凯芳每部译作的第一读者——丈夫翻译的文稿,第一校对就是她。刘太太说:“我宁愿他不懂得翻译,他没有翻译工作的最后四五年,是我过得最高兴的时光。”
刘惠人形容进入翻译工作状态的父亲,如同“进入角色的演员”,从早到晚,除去吃饭的时间,他都把自己关在书房里;而且,脾气变得十分暴躁,一旦被打搅,“火山”迅速爆发。
某种意义上,这位翻译家是“半路出家”。刘凯芳是江苏泰兴人,1959年毕业于苏州中学,成绩优异,却因为家庭成分不好,被大学拒之门外,这时,原本读俄语的他开始自学英语。刘凯芳的中学同学最近告诉刘惠人,即使刘凯芳被下放到农村,他仍然把英语书籍偷偷带到那里。恢复高考后,刘凯芳以高中生身份考上厦大外文系研究生。
1981年,40岁的刘凯芳研究生毕业后留校任教,他是受学生喜欢的好老师,但是在刘惠人眼中,他一直是严父,直到上个世纪八十年代末,刘凯芳被公派到英国,刘惠人才领略了父亲柔情的一面——刘凯芳在写给女儿的信中不断自责:我为什么把好脾气都留给学生,把坏脾气留给自己的孩子。
5日,家人和朋友送别刘凯芳,每当想起这幕,刘太太都懊悔万分,她告诉女儿:“我应该告诉他!其实我很在乎他的《午夜之子》,我只是不想他那么辛苦。”
刘凯芳照片。(家属供图)
刘凯芳
(1941-2016)江苏泰兴人,厦大外文学院教授,长期从事英语语言文学教学与研究工作,他翻译的作品很多,除了《午夜之子》,还有《爱上浪漫》、《品彻·马丁》、《可以吃的女人》、《圣诞颂歌》、《匹克威克外传》等。
“二十世纪唯一能媲美《百年孤独》的魔幻现实主义巨作”《午夜之子》,在中文各大书单上节节攀升时,它的中文译者、厦门大学外文学院教授刘凯芳的生命却在午夜凋零。
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