叶子夜梓
1.概念：过发生或已经完成的作对现在造成
始，
2.时间状语：recently, lately, since…for…,in the past few years, etc.
3.基本结构：have/has + done 4.否定形式：have/has + not +done.
5.一
对于初接触现完成时的人来说，往往会产生一
时相似。那就，这两种时态描的动作都始于
要表示，发生过去的动作延续
作对现在带来结果、产生的影、积累的总和
表示动作发生过去的什么时候。
它主
1）表
By now, I have collected all the data that I need .到现在为止，我已收集到了我
所需的全部资料。
She has read 150 pages today .她今天已看了150页。
2）表示生在过去而
Have you had your dinner? 你吃晚饭了吗？
3）表示去发生的动
It has been five years since he joined the army .他参军五年了。
1)一个句子该用什么时态只取决于它需要
言环境。例如：
He speaks English .（一般现
He spoke English when he was in New Zealand .（一般过去时，说明动作发生
的时间。）
He is speaking English.（现
He has spoken English for three years since he came to the USA.（现在完成时，
这里
He has been speaking English since he came to the USA. （现在完成进行时，
强调
2）在含有间状语从句或条状语从句的主
动词是一般将时，那么从句的语动词就只能
如果主句的谓动词是过去将来，那么从句的
来表示过去将来时。
例如：I will not play tennis if it rains tomorrow.
I would not play tennis if it rained the next day.
3) 有些动表示无法持续的作，它们一般
词常见的有：be , believe , consist , find , forget , hate , have , hope , hear , know ,
like , love , notice , prefer , remember , see , seem , smell , suggest , taste ,
understand , want , wish , sit down , stand up 等等。
Be动词若用于进行时态，表示暂时、
Tom is being a good boy today .汤姆今天很乖。
He is being childish .他这样做是耍孩子气。
You are not being modest .你这样说不太谦虚。
4）关
A. 凡是"成时态"都表示，知道也不管动作
现在完成时的句里，不可以带有表示具
week ( month , year , etc. ) , two weeks ago , in 1999等；但常和有些副词连用，如：
just , before , already , often , never , ever , not…yet , always等等。
B. 在以when提问的特殊疑中不能用现在完
在完成时的句里，因为它表示现在算起的以
时间的状语。但可以用before 来表示"以前"
不知
C. 如果是表示连续性的动词于现在完成时
的"一段时间"的语连用。在这种情况下，
式来表达。如：
He has joined the army for five years. （错误）
It has been five years since he joined the army.（正确）
能与现在完成时连用词
但下面
(1) since(自从)：不管用介词、连词还是副
在完成时：I haven’t seen her since last week. 自上周以来我一直未见过她。
Where have you been since I last saw? 自我
【注】时可用其
① 对于某些
可能用
It seems like years since we last met. 我们似乎几年未见面了。
Since when does the $42 plus $5 service charge come to $48? 从什么什候开始
42元
② 若不是从过去持续到现，而是指从较
过去，则用过去完成时：
Yesterday he told me that he hadn’t eaten anything since Tuesday. 他昨天告诉
我自星期二来他一直未吃任东西。(指
③ 表示间长度时，
It’s ten years since he left here. 他离开这儿已10年了。
(2) so far(到目前为止)：
So far there has been no bad news. 到现在为止还没有什么坏消息。
We haven’t had any trouble so far. 到目前为
(3) in [for, during] the past [last] … years(在过去…年中)：
In the past two years I’ve seen him little. 过去两年我很少见到他。
I have been here (for) the last [past] month. 最近一个月里我都在这儿。
【注】在一的上下文里，若以过去时间为
(4) up to [until] now(到现在为止)：
Up to now, the work has been easy. 到现在为止这工作还算容易。
I have heard nothing from him up to now. 到现
(5) It’s [will be] the first time that…(第一次…)：
It’s the first time I’ve come here. 这是我第一次来这儿。
参考答案：
一、单项选择。
1、B
2、现在完成时常already（已经），just（刚刚，
（从来，也不；从不），before（以前），yet（仍然）等连用。故2应选B。
3、C
4、现在完成时常与recently（近来），so far（到目前为止），in the past/"last
+ 一段时间"等时间状语连用。为上述短语表
时间，句中的作是从过去某一间或时刻开始
5、C
6、现在完成时常与"for +时
句过去
8、现在完成时还
times（几次）等表
9、现在完时与一般过去时易混淆，就是
在过去，但二又有区别：一般去时表示过去
或经常发生的作，说话的侧重在于陈述一件
现在完成时表与现在有关系的生在过去的动
（如yesterday , last week , a moment ago
10、B
11、现在完时中，非延续性动
的状语连用，常是用相应的延续动词来代替。
12、B 13、A 14、C 15、A。
16、"have/has gone to + 地点"表
语所指的人不在这
常与表示时间的状
现在已不
17、A 18、D 19、C 20、C
二、句型转换。
1、has he? 2、How long 3、died, has been dead
4、has been open 5、has been away 6、joined；ago
7、It is, since 8、The bus has been here for ten minutes.
三、汉译英。
1、Jim has finished doing his homework already. He is free now.
2、He received a letter yesterday.
3、My father has been to the Great Wall before.
4、She hasn't seen the new film yet.
5、She has been to Shanghai.
6、Where has he been these days？
现在完成时练习
一、单项选择
1、Both his parents look sad .Maybe they _________what's happened
to him .
Ａ. knew Ｂ. have known Ｃ. must know Ｄ.will know
2、He has _______ been to Shanghai , has he ?
Ａ. already Ｂ.never Ｃ.ever Ｄ. still
3、Have you met Mr Li ______？
Ａ. just Ｂ. ago Ｃ.before Ｄ. a moment ago
4、The famous writer _____ one new book in the past two year
Ａ. is writing Ｂ.was writing Ｃ.wrote Ｄ.has written 5、-Our
country ______ a lot so far .
-Yes . I hope it will be even ______ .
Ａ. has changed ; well Ｂ. changed ; good
Ｃ. has changed ; better Ｄ. changed ; better
6、Zhao Lan ______already ______in this school for two years .Ａ. was ;
studying Ｂ. will ; study
Ｃ. has ; studied Ｄ. are ; studying
7、We ______ Xiao Li since she was a little girl .
Ａ. know Ｂ. had known Ｃ. have known Ｄ. knew 8、Harry
Potter is a very nice film .I_______ it twice .
Ａ. will see Ｂ. have seen Ｃ. saw Ｄ.see
9、-These farmers have been to the United States .
-Really ? When _____ there ?
Ａ. will they go Ｂ. did they go
Ｃ. do they go Ｄ. have they gone
10、-______ you ___ your homework yet ?
-Yes . I _____ it a moment ago .
Ａ. Did ; do ; finished Ｂ. Have ; done ; finished
Ｃ. Have ; done ; have finished Ｄ. will ; do ; finish
11、 His father ______ the Party since 1978 .
Ａ. joined Ｂ. has joined Ｃ. was in Ｄ. has been in
12、-Do you know him well ?
- Sure .We _________ friends since ten years ago .
Ａ. were Ｂ. have been Ｃ. have become Ｄ. have made
13、-How long have you ____ here ?
-About two months .
Ａ. been Ｂ. gone Ｃ. come Ｄ. arrived
14、Hurry up! The play __________ for ten minutes .
Ａ. has begun Ｂ. had begun Ｃ. has been onＤ. began
15、 It _____ ten years since he left the army .
Ａ. is Ｂ. has Ｃ. will Ｄ. was
16、 Miss Green isn't in the office . she_______ to the library .
Ａ.has gone Ｂ. went Ｃ.will go Ｄ. has been
17、My parents ______ Shandong for ten years .
Ａ. have been in Ｂ. have been to
Ｃ. have gone to Ｄ. have been
18、The students have cleaned the classroom, ?
A. so they B. don't they C. have they D. haven't they
19、has Mr White been a member of Greener China since he to China?
A. How soon, comes B. How often, got
C. How long, came D. How far, arrived
20、 His uncle for more than 9 years.
A. has come here B. has started to work
C. has lived there D. has left the university
二、句型转换
3、The old man _________ last year. He for a year. (die)
（动词填空）
4、This factory opened twenty years ago.(同义句转换)
This factory ________ for twenty years.
5、Miss Gao left an hour ago. (同义句转换)
Miss Gao ________ _______ ________ ________ an hour ago.
6、Her mother has been a Party member for three years .（同义句）
Her mother _______ the Party three years ________ .
7、The Green Family moved to France two years ago. (同义句转换)
_______ two years ________ the Green family moved to Fra nce.
8、The bus has arrived here. It arrived ten minutes ago. (把两个句子合并成一个
句子)
___________________________________________
三、汉译英
4、
5、 她去过上海。
6、 他这些天上哪儿去了？
现在完成时讲解及练习[1]
公开课教案
（复习
时间：May, 8th
班级：C三（1）
教者：陈齐松
本课目标：
通过复习现在完成的结构和用法，系统梳理动现在完成时的中考考点，能够熟练
教学过程：
一、基本结
二、过去分词：
1、规则动词：则动词的过去分词的构则与规则动词的过
(1)、般动词，
work---worked---worked ,visit---visited---visited
(2)、“ e ”结
live---lived---lived ,
(3)、以“辅音字母 + y ”结尾的动词，将 "y" 变为 "i" ，再加“ ed ”。 study---studied---studied ,cry---cried---cried
(4)、重读闭音节结尾，末尾只
2、不规则动词：
AAA型
burst hurt let cost cut hit put set shut spread read AAB型
beat beat beaten
ABA型
become became become
run ran run
come came come
ABB型
bring buy build burn catch dig feel fight find hear hold keep tell lay lead lose make meet sell shoot sit stand sweep teach think win ABC型
begin began begun blow blew blown break broke broken choose chose chosen draw drew drawn drive drove driven drink drank drunk fly flew flown freeze froze frozen forgive forgave forgiven forget forgot forgotten give gave given grow grew grown know knew known ride rode ridden rise rose risen ring rang rung shake shook shaken sing sang sung sink sank sunk swim swam swum throw threw thrown write wrote written
三、句型：
陈述句：
He has finished his homework.
否定句：主
He hasn’t finished his homework.
一般疑问
Has he finished his homework?
简略答语: Yes, 主语 + have/has.(肯定)/ No, 主语 + haven't/hasn't.(否定)
Yes, he has./ No, he hasn’t.
特殊疑问句：殊疑问词＋have/has+
What has he done?
反意疑问句：主语＋ have/has+过
主语＋ have/has+（not/否词）过去分词＋其
（have/has ）+主语？
考点链接:
He has never been to the U. S.A, has he?
四、用法：
（1）现在成时表示过去发或已经完成的
I have spent all of my money (so far).(含
My father has gone to work.(含义:我爸爸现在不在这儿)
（2）现在完成时可以用来表示生在过去某一时刻的,持续到在的动作（用动词表示）或状态（be动词表示）常for（+时间段）,since（+时
①for+时段
②since+过去一
③since+时段+ago
④since+从句（过去时）
⑤It is+时段+since+从句（过去时）
考点链接:
Mary has been ill for three days.
I have lived here since 1998.
五、has gone (to),has been (to), has been (in) 的区别
have/has gone(to) :
have/has been (to) :
have/has been in：呆
考点链接:
Where is your father？He has gone to Shanghai.
My father has been to Shanghai twice.
My father has been in Shanghai for two months. /since two months ago.
六、
1、现在完成时含义之一是过去完成的对现在仍有影响,
* 以already, just和yet为标志
He has already got her help. 他已得到她的帮助。
He has just seen the film. 他刚刚看过这场电影。
He hasn't come back yet. 他还没有回来。
* 以ever和never为标志
This is the best film I have ever seen. 这
He has never been to Beijing. 他从没有到过北京。
He has got to Beijing so far. 到目前为止他已到了北京。
She has passed the exam so far. 到目前为止她已经通过了考试。
2、过去已经开始的动作直延续到现在, 甚至有可能继续延续去,我们可以从动作“延续”的性和“间”点的区分入手,
* ①for+时段 ②since+过去一
七、瞬间动词（buy, die, join, come，go , leave, join ……）不能
buy----have borrow -----keep come/arrive/reach/get to-----be in
go out----be out leave ----be away begin-----be on finish----be over open----be open close -----be closed die----be dead
★1.have代替buy
My brother has had(不能用has bought) this bike for almost four years.
★2、用keep
I have kept(不能用have borrowed) the book for quite a few days.
★3、用be替代become
How long has your sister been a teacher?
★4、用have a cold代替catch a cold
Tom has had a cold since the day before yesterday.
★5、
b)用“be＋形容词”代终止性动词
1、be＋married代marry
2、be＋ill代fall (get) ill
3、be＋dead代die
4、be＋asleep代fall (get) asleep
5、be＋awake代wake/wake up
6、be＋gone代lose, die, sell, leave
7、be＋open代open
8、be +closed代close/shut
9、be＋missing(gone, lost)代lose
c)用“be＋副词”代终止性动词
1“be＋on”
2“be＋up”代get up
3“be＋back(to)”代return to, come back to, go back to
4“be +here (there)”代come(arrive, reach, get) here或go (arrive, reach, get) there等 d)用“be＋介词短语”代终止性动词
1.“be in/at +
2.用be in the army 代替join the army
3.“be in/at +地点”代替move to
常用
1. have arrived at/in sw. got to/reached sw. come/gone/moved to sw.
→have been in sw./at…相应的介词
2. have come/gone back/returned → have been back
3. have come/gone out →have been out
7. have died → have been dead； 8. have left sw. → have been away from sw. 9. have fallen asleep/got to sleep → have been asleep； 10. have finished/ended/completed → have been over； 11. havemarried → have been married； 12. have started/begun to do sth. → have done sth. ； 13. have begun → have been on 14. have borrowed/bought →have kept/had 15. have lost → haven’t had 16. have put on →have worn 17. have caught /get a cold → have had a cold； 18. have got to know → have known 19. have/has gone to → have been in
20. have joined/have taken part in the league/the Party/the army→
have been a member of/ have been in/have been the Party’s member/the league member/the soldier…
考点链接:
单项选择
1.This factory __________ for twenty years.
A. has opened B. has been open C. has been opened
2. Hurry up! The play __________ for ten minutes .
A. has begun B. had begun C. has been on
改 错
1. How long have you studied
2. I have this book for two weeks. kept
3. The river has very dirty since last August. been
4. Our manager is away today. He has to Guangzhou on business. gone
5. He has out for two years. been
八、现
一般过去时：有动作发生的间点，即过
现在完成时：不调哪个时间发生的动，而强调过去的
考点链接:
1.-Kelly, how long _______ you _______ in this school?
-For three years. I’ll graduate in July.
A. have; studied B. do; study C. will; study
2. Rose came to Beijing in 2002. She _______ here since 8 years ago.
A. was living B. live C. has lived
九、课堂练习
一、 单项选择。
1、Both his parents look sad . Maybe they _________what's happened to him .（呼和浩特） Ａ. knew Ｂ. have known Ｃ. must know Ｄ.will know
2、He has _______ been to Shanghai , has he ?
Ａ. already Ｂ.never Ｃ.ever Ｄ. still
3、Have you met Mr Li ______？
Ａ. just Ｂ. ago Ｃ.before Ｄ. a moment ago
4、The famous writer _____ one new book in the past two years .
Ａ. is writing Ｂ.was writing Ｃ.wrote Ｄ.has written
5、—Our country ______ a lot so far .—Yes . I hope it will be even ______ .
Ａ. has changed ; well Ｂ. changed ; goodＣ. has changed ; better Ｄ. changed ; better
6、Zhao Lan ______already ______in this school for two years .
Ａ. was ; studying Ｂ. will ; study Ｃ. has ; studied Ｄ. are ; studying
7、We ______ Xiao Li since she was a little girl .
Ａ. know Ｂ. had known Ｃ. have known Ｄ. knew
8、Harry Potter is a very nice film .I_______ it twice .
Ａ. will see Ｂ. have seen Ｃ. saw Ｄ.see
9、—These farmers have been to the United States . —Really ? When _____ there ? Ａ. will they go Ｂ. did they go Ｃ. do they go Ｄ. have they gone
10、—______ you ___ your homework yet ? —Yes . I _____ it a moment ago . Ａ. Did ; do ; finished Ｂ. Have ; done ; finished
Ｃ. Have ; done ; have finished Ｄ. will ; do ; finish
11、 His father ______ the Party since 1978 .
Ａ. joined Ｂ. has joined Ｃ. was in Ｄ. has been in
12、—Do you know him well ? — Sure .We _________ friends since ten years ago . Ａ. were Ｂ. have been Ｃ. have become Ｄ. have made
13、—How long have you ____ here ? —About two months .
Ａ. been Ｂ. gone Ｃ. come Ｄ. arrived
14、Hurry up! The play __________ for ten minutes .
Ａ. has begun Ｂ. had begun Ｃ. has been on Ｄ. began
15、 It _____ ten years since he left the army .
Ａ. is Ｂ. has Ｃ. will Ｄ. was
16、 Miss Green isn't in the office . she_______ to the library .
Ａ.has gone Ｂ. went Ｃ.will go Ｄ. has been
17、My parents ______ Shandong for ten years .
Ａ. have been in Ｂ. have been to Ｃ. have gone to Ｄ. have been
18、The students have cleaned the classroom, ?
A. so they B. don’t they C. have they D. haven’t they
19、 has Mr White been a member of Greener China since he to China?
A. How soon, comes B. How often, got C. How long, came D. How far, arrived
20、 His uncle____for more than 9 years.
A. has come here B. has started to work C. has lived there D. has left the university
二、 句型转换。
1、He has never surfed, ?（改成反意疑问句）
2、They have been here since 2000. (对划线部分提问)
____ ＿＿＿＿ they been here?
3、The old man _________ last year. He＿＿＿＿
for a year. (die) （动词填空）
4、This factory opened twenty years ago.(同义句转换)
This factory ________ for twenty years.
5、Miss Gao left an hour ago. (同义句转换)
Miss Gao ________ _______ ________ ________ an hour ago.
6、Her mother has been a Party member for three years .（同义句）
Her mother _______ the Party three years ________ .
7、The Green Family moved to France two years ago. (同义句转换)
_______ two years ________ the Green family moved to France.
8、The bus has arrived here. It arrived ten minutes ago. (把两个句子合并成一个句子) ___________________________________________
三、 汉译英。
1、
2、 他昨天收到一封信。
3、 我父亲以前到过长城。
4、
5、 她去过上海。
6、 他这些天上哪儿去了？
动 词 填 空：
1._____ you ________(clean) the room?
When _______ you ______(do) it?
Yes.
When _____ he _____(see) it?
3. How many times _____you______(be) there?
4. I __________ (read) the novel twice. It’s interesting.
5. She _________(go) to Pairs, hasn’t she? Yes.
How ______ she _______(go) there?
She _______(go) there by air.
6. So far, many countries _______________(develop)
their software programs.
参考答案：
一、单项选择。
1、现在完成时主要强调过去发生的动作现在造成的影响，或过去发生的动作还未束，一持续到现在来，重点在对现在的影响。这种考查难度较大，往无时间状语，要从上下文分、推理才行。故上两侧根据
2、现在完成时常与already（已经），just（刚刚，正好），ever（曾经），never（从来，也不；不），before（以前），yet（
3、C
4、现在完成时常与recently（近来），so far（到目前为止），in the past/“last + 一段间”等时间状语连用。因为上述短语表示的从现在往前算的一段时间，句中的动作是从过去某一时间
5、C
6、现在完成时时常“for +时间段或since +过去时间点”
7、C
8、现在完成时还与once（一次），twice（两次），three times（三次），several times（几）等表示重复次数
9、现在完成时与一般过去时容易混淆，就是因为它们所表示的动作都生在过去，但二者有区别：一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的事、存在的状态经常生的动作，说话重点在于陈述一件去的事情，与在没有关系；现在完成时表与在有关系的发生在过的动作，不与表示
10、B
11、现在完成时中，非延性动词不能与for和since引导表示一段时间的状语连用，通常是相应的续性动来代替。故11
12、B 13、A 14、C 15、A。
16、“have/has gone to + 地点”表示“某人去了某地（还未回来）”，指主语所指的人不这儿。“have/has been in + 地点”表示“在某地呆了多长时间”，与表示时间的状连用。“have/has been to +地点”表示“曾经去过某地（
17、A 18、D 19、C 20、C
二、句型转换。
1、has he? 2、How long 3、died, has been dead
4、has been open 5、has been away 6、joined；ago
7、It is, since 8、The bus has been here for ten minutes.
三、汉译英。
1、Jim has finished doing his homework already. He is free now.
2、He received a letter yesterday.
3、My father has been to the Great Wall before.
4、She hasn't seen the new film yet.
5、She has been to Shanghai.
6、Where has he been these days？
现在完成时讲解及练习
现在完成时
一、
have /has (助动词)+done(过去分词)
说明： 动词的过去分词有则形式和非规则形式两种，规则形式同去式的规则形式。非规则形式需要殊记忆。可以这
AAA cost-cost-cost，hit-hit-hit，let-let-let，put-put-put，set-set-set
ABB buy-bought-bought，catch-caught-caught，find-found-found，stand-stood-stood ABA come-came-come，become-became-become
ABC break-broke-broken，fly-flew-flown，take-took-taken，write-wrote-written
二、
肯定句：主语+have/has+其他
否定句：
一般疑问句：将助动词have或has提到句首，肯定的简略回答是：Yes，主语＋have/has. 否定的简
特殊疑
三、
1、用来表示之前已经发生或完成的动作或状态，而其果却和现在有联系: 动作或状态发生在过去,但它影响现在存,可以和already, never, ever, just, before, yet等副词。例如： They have left. (他
I have had my lunch. (我已经
I can’t find my watch now. I think I have already lost it. (丢手表发在过去，但在还没有找到，即过
He has seen the film. So he won’t go with us. (看电影生过去，但仍然记得它的容。) 说明：already与yet都有“经”的思，already常于肯定句，并用于句中。yet
I have already finished my homework.
I haven’t finished my homework yet. Have you finished your homework yet?
2、表示过去已经开始，持续到在的动作或状态，可以和表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在（包“现在”在内）一时间的状语连用,如for+间段、since+过去的时间点、疑问词how long等。例如： My uncle has worked at this factory for five years. 我叔叔在这个厂工作已经五年了。 Mr. Black has lived in China since 2002. 自从2002Mr. Black 一住在中国。 How long have you been here? 你来这里多久？ 注意：此种用法中表示持续动作或状态的动
(1)
错误：I have bought the book for three months.
正确：I have had the book for three months.
(2)你哥哥参军多长时间了？
错误：How long has your brother joined the army?
正确：How long has your brother been in the army/been a soldier?
四、现
1一般过去时表示过去某发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作；现在完成时为过去生的，调过去
I saw this film yesterday.（强调看的动作发生过了。）
I have seen this film.（强调对现
2一般过去时常与体的表示过去的时间状语用;现在完成时通常
一般过去时的时间状语: yesterday, last week, ago, in1990, in October, just now,
现在完成时的时间状语: for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till/until,up to now, in the past few years, recently
句子中如有过去时的时副词（如 yesterday, last, week, in 1960）
（错）Tom has written a letter to his parents last night.
（对）Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.
3）现在完成时可表示持到现在的动作或状态，动词一般是延续
一般过去时常用的非持续性动词有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married等。 She joined the League three years ago. (加入的动作不是延续的)
She has been in the League for three years (since three years ago). (在团内的状
五．
延续动词表示验、经历；瞬间动词示行为的结果，
He has finished the work.
I’ve known him since then. 我从那时起就认识他了。(表经历)
注意延
1. 短性动词与短
He joined the Party three years ago. 他入
2. 用“It is/has been＋时间段＋since?”句型。如：It is/has been three years since I bought the book. 这本书我买了三年了。(从买这本书起到现在已三年了)
3. 用相应的延续性词替换短暂性动词，句中谓语动
He has been in the Green China for three years.
He has been a member of the Green China for three years.他加入“中国”已经三
He joined the Party 2 years ago.---- He has been in the Party for 2 years.
I bought the book 5 days ago.---- I have had the book for 5 days.
英语延
延续性动词表示能够延续的动作,如：learn, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay等。延
表示
for+一段时间(for 2 years), since+从句(since he came here), since+时
非延续性动词也称终止性动词、瞬间动词,表示不能延续的动作,这种动作发生后
非延续性动词在肯定句中与
延续性
leave --- be away borrow --- keep buy --- have
begin/start --- be on die --- be dead finish --- be over
fall ill ---be ill get up---be up catch a cold --- have a cold come/become/go --- be fall asleep --- be asleep get to/ arrive/reach --- be (in) get to know --- know put on→ wear
比较since和for
since 用来说明动作起始时— “自从??”,for用来明动延续时间长— “长达??”。在有for 和since 引导间状语的句
I have lived here for more than twenty years.
I have lived here since I was born.
My aunt has worked in a company since 1949.
I have not heard from my uncle for a long time.
注意：并有for
I worked here for more than twenty years. (我现在已不在这里工作。)
I have worked here for many years. (现在我仍在这里工作。)
比较 have/has been to、have/has gone to
have(has) been 表示“曾去过某地，已经从里回来了”，可以和ever、never、twice等连。have(has) gone 表示“已经去了某，在去那的途中或到达那里还没有来”。have(has) been in 表示“在某地呆多间”，常与表示一段时间的状语连用，
He went to Shanghai last week 上周他去了上海
He has been to Shanghai. 他(曾经)到/去过上.(但他人
He has gone to Shanghai. 他已去上海了.(也许刚动身出发,也许
Mr. Brown has been in Shanghai for three days. 布朗先生来上海已经有三天了
延续性
1. He died 10 years ago. ——He ______________ for 10 years / since 10 years ago.
2. He borrowed the book 2 weeks ago. ——He _____________the book for 2 weeks.
3. He bought the motorbike a month ago. ——He ___________the motorbike for a month.
4. He arrived here three days ago.—— He ____________here since three days ago.
5. They turned off the light 2 hours ago. —— The light __________for 2 hours.
6. He left here 2 years ago.——— He ____________from here for 2 years.
7. The film began 30 minutes ago. ——The film __________ for 30 minutes.
8. They opened the door an hour ago. —— The door __________ for an hour.
9. They closed the door an hour ago. ——The door ___________for an hour.
10. He joined the army last year. ——He _________ a ____ for a year.
He _____________ the army for a year.
It ____ a year ____ he joined the army.
一、单项选择。
1、Both his parents look sad. Maybe they ______what's happened to him.
A. knew B. have known C. must know D. will know
2、He has ___ been to Shanghai, has he ?
Ａ. already Ｂ.never Ｃ.ever Ｄ. still
3、Have you met Mr. Li ____？
Ａ. Just Ｂ. ago Ｃ.before Ｄ.a moment ago
4、The famous writer _____ one new book in the past two year .
Ａ. is writing Ｂ.was writing Ｃ.wrote Ｄ.has written
5、—Our country ____ a lot so far .
—Yes. I hope it will be even ______ .
Ａ. has changed ; well Ｂ. changed ; good Ｃ. has changed ; better Ｄ. changed; better
6、Zhao Lan ______already ______in this school for two years .
Ａ. was ; studying Ｂ. will ; study Ｃ. has ; studied Ｄ. are; studying
7、We ______ Xiao Li since she was a little girl .
Ａ. know Ｂ. had known Ｃ. have known Ｄ. knew
8、Harry Potter is a very nice film. I _____ twice.
Ａ. will see Ｂ. have seen Ｃ. saw Ｄ.see
9、—These farmers have been to the United States .
—Really? When _____ there ?
Ａ. will they go Ｂ.did they go Ｃ. do they go Ｄ. have they gone
10、—______ you ___ your homework yet ?—Yes. I _____ it a moment ago.
Ａ.Did; do; finished Ｂ.Have; done; finishedＣ.Have; done; have finishedＤ. will; do; finish
11、 His father ______ the Party since 1978 .
Ａ.joined Ｂ. has joined Ｃ. was in Ｄ. has been in
12、—Do you know him well ? — Sure .We ______ friends since ten years ago .
Ａ. were Ｂ. have been Ｃ. have become Ｄ. have made
13、—How long have you ____ here ?
—About two months .
Ａ. been Ｂ. gone Ｃ. come Ｄ. arrived
14、Hurry up! The play __________ for ten minutes .
Ａ. has begun Ｂ. had begun Ｃ. has been on Ｄ. began
15、 It ___ ten years since he left the army .
Ａ. Is Ｂ. has Ｃ. will Ｄ. was
16、 Miss Green isn't in the office. She_______ to the library.
Ａ.has gone Ｂ. went Ｃ.will go Ｄ. has been
17、My parents ______ Shandong for ten years.
Ａ. have been in Ｂ. have been to Ｃ. have gone toＤ. have been
18、The students have cleaned the classroom, ____?
A. so they B. don’t they C. have they D. haven’t they
19、 to China?
A. How soon, comes B. How often, got C. How long, came D. How far, arrived
20、 for more than 9 years.
A. has come here B. has started to work C. has lived there D. has left the university
二、句型转换。
1、He has never surfed, ____________ ?（改成反意疑问句）
2、提问) ___________ have they been here?
3、The old man _________ last year. He ____________for a year. (die) （动词填空）
4、This factory opened twenty years ago.(同义句转换)
This factory ____________________ for twenty years.
5、Miss Gao left an hour ago. (同义句转换)
Miss Gao____________________ an hour ago.
6、Her mother has been a Party member for three years .（同义句）
Her mother _______ the Party three years ________ .
8、The bus has arrived here. It arrived ten minutes ago. (把两个句子合并成一个句子) ___________________________________________
三、汉译英。
1、他昨天收到一封信。________________________________________________
2、我父亲以前到过长
3、她还没有看过那部
4、她去过上海。__________________________________________________________
5、他这些
初三现在完成时讲解及练习
一、现在
否定形式: Havens/hasn't + done
疑问句: have /has +主语+done
肯定回答 : yes, 主语+ have /has
否定回答: no,
考点1：时间状语。
1、表示过去发或已经完成的动作对在造成的影响或
just ，already/yet，before ，so far等
2、during/in the past + 时间段
3、表示动作或
去。常与for, since, how long, these days等连用。
★
since 后接时间
子，
for 后接一段
★for+时段= since+时段+ago
例题：
1. My aunt is a writer, she more than ten books since 1990. (write)
2. My grandmother a lot of changes in Tianjing since she came here. (see)
★用
1. I English in this school since 1999. (teach)
2. Kate
3. So far ,we thousands of buildings in Quanzhou. (build)
★用since 和for 填空:
1) ______ two years 2) _______ two years ago 3) ______ last month
4) ______ 1999 5) _______ yesterday 6) _______ 4 o’clock
7) ______ 4 hours 8) _______ an hour ago
9）__________ we were children 10) she left here
考点2：句型转换。
★瞬间
① arrive at / in / get to / reach / come / go /
→ be in / at
1) I moved to the USA in 2008.
I ______ _______ ______ the USA since_________. .
2) They came here last week.
They _______ ________ here since __________.
②become → be
1) I became a teacher in 2000.
I ________ ________ a teacher since________.
③ close → be closed open → be open
1) The shop closed two hours ago.
The shop ____________ ______________ for ________ _________.
2) The door opened at six in the morning.
The door ____________ ___________ _____________ for six hours.
④ die → be dead； leave . → be away from.
1) He left Shanghai just now. He ______ ______ ______ Shanghai for five minutes.
2) My grandpa died in 2002.My grandpa _______ _____ ______since_______ .
⑤ borrow → keep；buy → have
1) They borrowed it last week. They __________it since _____________.
2) I bought a pen two hours ago. I ____________a pen for _____________.
⑨ join the league / the Party / the army
→ be a league member /a Party member / a soldier
→ be a member of the league / the Party
→ be in the league / the Party / the army
1) My brother joined the army two years ago.
My brother _________a ________ for ___________ ___________.
My brother ___________ in ___________ for two years.
例题：
1. I have already finished my homework.
一般疑问句： finished homework ?
否定句：I my homework .
2. （对划线部分提问）
known each other?
3. She has to get up early in the morning. (一般疑问句)
she get up early in the morning?
Exercises:
1. He has already studied English for 2 years.
一般疑问句: he English for 2 years ?
否定句：He English for 2 years .
2. I have written this novel(小说（对划线提问）
this novel?
3. My sister has chicken for dinner. (否定句)
My sister chicken for dinner?
4. She ’s just learned a new lesson. (一般疑问句)
she just a new lesson?
5. （对划线部分提问）
he
考点3：have /has been to和have/has gone tohave/has been in的区别 have/has gone to 去了(现在不在说话现场) ，常
have/has been to 去过(说话时
表示次数的连用。(once, twice, 基数词+times, how many times...)
have/has been in呆了多久(还
※若其后不接名词，而接副词时，要省略介词。(home, abroad, here, there)
Eg:
My father has been in Shanghai
例题：
—Where have you been these days?
—I have ______ Yangzhou with my friends.
A. gone B. been to C. been in D. gone to
Exercise ：用have/has been to/in, have gone to的各种形式填空。
1) Where is Jack? He his country.
2) _ this village?
3) The Smiths Beijing for years.
4) you ever America?
5)
考点4：现在完成时和一般过去时的区别。
例题：— you ever to Nanjing
—last year.
A. Have…gone, have gone B. Have…been, went
C. Did…go, went D. Did…go,has, been
练习：
( )1. —How long _____ you _____ here?
—For about two years so far.
A.have; studied B.did; live C.do; stay D.were; swimming
( )2. —Where are Maria and Kangkang?
—They _____ England.
A. have been to B. are away C. have gone to D. had been in
( )3. —Have you seen my brother?
—Yes. I _____ him in the library five minutes ago.
A. met B. have met C. meet D. have been met
( )4.His father joined the party_________
A. for three years B. since three years ago
C. three years ago D. in two years' time
( )5. --Has she ever learned English? .
A. Yes, she has. B. Yes, she does. C. No, she doesn’t D. No, she has
The world is divided into two main parts, countries “the developing countries”, which have special
Sometimes the land is too poor to never get
enough foodstarve(饿死).
1. A. rich B. richer C. good D. poorer
2. A. is called B. are called C. calls D. calling
3. A. friends B. problems C. places D. conditions
4. A. on B. in C. among D. at
5. A. to play with B. to live in C. to eat D. to drink
Help should be given by the rich countries, but rich countries have problems , . The air isn’t fresh and the rivers are dirty （肮脏的） to swim in or large numbers of people have pleasant houses to live in. So something
will have to be done about the problems.
6. A. already B. also C. either D. too
7. A. very B. too C. really D. so
8. A. to taking B. take C. taking D. takes
9. A. crowd B. crowds C. crowded D. crow
10. A. does B. do C. did D. Have
阅读理解：
Everyone knows how important money is in the world today. But how did Qi
Gong use his 1 630 000 yuan？
Qi Gong, a well-known calligrapher (书法家) in China, became famous in a hard
way. He was born in a poor family, and he did not go to school. But Chen Yuan,a
university teacher, found he was especially good at something. He teach
Qi Gong handwriting. Chen Yuan also helped him find jobs of teaching at several
universities later.
Years of hard work made Qi Gong an excellent teacher and calligrapher. Qi Gong
decided in 1991 to 基金会) to give prize to both teachers and
students who made money went into the foundation. He did not leave any money for himself!
1. Qi Gong became famous ________.
A. in an easy way B. in a poor way C. in a difficult way
2. Chen Yuan decided to teach him handwriting because Qi Gong________.
A. didn't go to school B. was especially good at something C. had no job
3. Qi Gong sold his pieces of handwriting for________.
A. his teacher B. his students C. the foundation
4. Teachers and students could get prize if________.
A. they were interested in handwriting
B. they did well in their work
C. their families were poor
5. Qi Gone kept for himself________out of 1 630 000 yuan that he had made.
A. no money B. a little money C. much money
1. —Hello, may I speak to Sandy? —.
A. Yes, I'm Rose B. I'll call back again
C. Yes, I can't hear you D. This is Sandy speaking
2. Sanya is a beautiful city. I A. have gone B. have been C. have gone to D. have been to
? --By searching the Internet.
A. how you got the information B. why you got the information
C. how did you get the information D. why did you get the information
4. Look! There is ________ cat in the tree.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
5. I go to school ________ bus every morning.
A. in B. on C. at D. by
6. Could you please get me some ________? I’m hungry.
A. apple B. water C. bread D. egg
7. I called you, but nobody answered. Where ________ you?
A. is B. are C. was D. were
8. The government of Chongqing is building _ cheap and good houses for the people.
A. thousand B. thousands C. thousand of D. thousands of
9. Betty will ring me up when she ________ in Beijing.
A. arrive B. arrives C. arrived D. will arrive
10. I’m glad to find that many trees ________ in our city last year.
A. plant
★阅读理解
（A ）四分钟
1. It’s Friday afternoon，you can go to_______ .
A. visit the museum B. play soccer
C. play basketball D. read children’s stories
2. If children want to watch new films，they should go to________.
A. 16 Yangtze Road B. 89 North Main Street
C. 106 Green Street D. 99 Brick Road
3. If you dial (拨号)66387901，you can __________.
A. ask for some hotel information B. do some shopping B. planted C. were planted
D. are planted
C. have a good story time D. order fast food in a restaurant
4. Lily’s father is ill．She should dial________.
A. 800-120-9847 B. 79210583 C. 6878745 l D. 96725643
5. You can not get any information about________ from the two notices．
A. looking for a hotel B. doing eye exercises
C. eating fast food D. taking a taxi
(B) 五分钟
A large number of people in the world eat fast food. Whenever you go into a fast
food restaurant, you can see lots of people enjoying their meals there. How do you
know in which country people like fast food best?
The English people are the world’s biggest fans of fast food, while the French(法
国人) are the least interested in quick meals, according to a survey done last year.
The survey of thirteen countries shows 45% of the English people say they can’t
give up fast food because it’s delicious. And 44% of Americans and 37% of
Canadians say the same.
81% of them think it is unhealthy, followed by 75% of the Japanese.
How about the Chinese? How often do you have hamburgers or fried chicken? It
doesn’t matter whether you like Western fast food or Chinese food. The most
important thing is to keep a balanced diet.
6. From the survey we know _____ like fast food best.
A. the Chinese B. the French C. the Japanese D. the English
7. The survey shows _____ of Americans like fast food.
A. 37% B. 44% C. 75% D. 81%
8. According to the survey, some people can’t give up fast food because _____.
A. it’s cheap B. it’s safe C. it’s delicious D. it’s healthy
9. The word “” in the passage means _______.
A. food B. house C. water D. country
10. The survey is about _______.
A. Western countries B. fast food C. restaurants in the world D. Chinese food
★ 根据给单词
In learning English, one should first pay attention to listening and speaking. It is
the groundwork（基础）of reading and writing. You’d better (尽力) your
best to do much listening and speaking. Don’t be of making
mistakes and don’t let them (阻止)you from improving your English. By
correcting the mistakes, you can do better in learning English. A good (方
法)to correct mistakes is to write — keep a diary, write notes or letters and ask some
(什么)you have written. They’ll tell where it is wrong.
Many mistakes in your speaking will be (容
If you are slow in speaking, don’t worry. (...
is reading, either aloud or just to yourself. Remember it’s important to choose (某物) interesting to read. It mustn’t be too difficult for you. When you are reading,
don’t stop to (查询) the new words if you can guess their meanings or
they have nothing important to do with the sentence. Yon can do that some other
time ．
★ 句
__________ ________ 2. I have already cleaned the house. (一般疑问句)
you the house
3. There are some new students in our school this term. (改为否定句)
There _______ _______ new students in our school this term. （对划线部分提问）
_________ _________ __________ your father _________ __________? 对划线部分提问)
________ ________ will they go home?
6. She has to finish her work. (一般疑问句)
she finish her work?
7. Chen Ping received an e-mail last Friday. (改为否定句)
Chen Ping an e-mail last Friday.
对划线部分提问)
students are there in your class?
初中现在完成时讲解及练习
现在
对所学
通过数轴来概括讲解所学的四个时态:一般现在时、 现进行时、 一般过去时、 一般将来时。 (导入)有候,这 4种态还不能满足们表达的需要。如:表示“某人过去曾经做过 某事”或者“某人做某多久” ,以上五时态就派不上用场
一 现在完成时的构成 :主 + have/has + 过去分词 (过去分词 :规则动词的过去分词成与 动过去式同 ; 不规则动
[Exercises1] 选择填空
( in this school since 1999
(A)taught (B)have taught (C)tea (D)would teach
( the pen for five years
(A)has had (B)bought (C)have had (D)have bought
( )3.Kate grand mother's photo before
(A)haven't seen (B)have seen (C)see (D)hasn't seen
( )4. these days.
(A)Has,seen (B)Do,see (C)Did,see (D)Is,seeing
( )5.so far ,we thousands of Building in Quanzhou
(A)built (B)have built (C)build (D)will build
二、否定式 :主语 + haven’ t/hasn’ t + 过去分词。
疑问式 : Have /Has + 主语 + 过去分词 ?
简略答语 : Yes, 主语 + have/has.(肯定 ) No, 主语 + haven’ t/hasn’ t.(否定 )
[Exercises2] 选择填空
( )1. — Have you finished your work? —
(A).Yes,I have. (B)Yes,I do. (C)Yes,I am. (D)Yes,I did.
( )2. — Has she ever learned English? —
(A)Yes, she has. (B)Yes, she does. (C)No, she doesn’ t (D)No, she has
( )3.He finished his homework. yet
(A)doesn’ t (B)haven’ t (C)hasn’ t (D)doesn’ t have
I.
1. I______never______(speak ) to a foreigner.
2. — ______Tom______(return ) the library book? — Yes , he has.
— When________he________(return ) it ? — Half an hour ago.
II. 按要求转换下列各句,每空一词。
1. He has found nothing in the room.(改为一般疑问句)
________he found________in the room ?
2. I have already finished the work.(改为否定句)
I________finished the work________.
3. She has got a notebook. (对划线部分提问)
________ ________she got?
4. They've never learned Japanese,_______ ________(改为反意疑问句)
三 现在完成时的含义之一表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在成的影响或结果,常与 never/ever, just , already/yet, before 。 so far等连。这些标志词可以表达这种 ⑴ 以 already, just yet 为标志 already, just和 yet 表示
He has already got her help. He has just seen the film. He hasn’ t come back yet。
⑵ 以 ever 和 never 为标志
ever 和 never 表示现在为止动作
This is the best film I have ever seen. He has never been to Beijing.
⑶ 以 动作发生的次数 为标志
若某一动作现在为止已经发
He says he has been to the USA three times.
⑷
so far往往表示
He has got to Beijing so far. She has passed the exam so far.
⑸ never/ever, just , already/yet, before 。 so far的用法 .
1. already 意为“已经” ,通常用于定句中,可放在助动词之,过去分词
1) I've already read this book. 我已经读过这本书了。
(“读”这一作发生在过去,对在造成的影响
2) I've washed my clothes already.我已经洗了衣服。
(洗衣服动作已完成,
注意:在表示吃惊或明知故问等
2. yet 在疑问句中意为“已经” ,用在否定句中
1)— Has he found his watch yet ?他已经找到他的手表了吗?
— No , not yet.不,还没有。
2) The woman hasn't found her dog yet .
那位妇女还没找到她的狗。 (没找到狗,心
3. just 意为“刚刚” ,表行为刚刚过去,常
He has just come back from school .他刚从学校回来。
4. ever 意为“曾经” ,用于问句或否定句中,
1) Have you ever been to Hong Kong ?你曾去过香港吗?
2) I haven't ever spoken to her.我未曾和她说过话。
5. never 意为“从来没有”常与 before 连(before 要放在句尾, never
I have never travelled by plane before.
6. before 意为 “以前” , 指过不确定的某个时间,
1) Have you been to Hainan before ?你以前去过海南吗?
2) I haven't eaten Guangdong food before.我以前没吃过广东菜。
7. lately, recently是完成时的时间状语; just now 有 a moment ago 之意,是过
Have you heard from your family lately/recently? Did you see Joan just now?
8. in the past few years 意思是 “ 过去几年来 ” ,常用于完成时中;
in the past意思是 “ 在过去 ” ,常用于过去时中。 如:
Great changes have taken place in my hometown in the past few years.
Where did you work in the past?
9. ever since then与 from then on / after that 都有 “ 打那以后 ” 之意,
但前者常
She\'s lived here ever since then. I didn't hear of Jim from then on/after that.
[Exercises3] 选择填空
( )1. — Have you travelled on the train. — Yes, I have.
(A)never (B)ever (C)just (D)yet
( )2. —— Have you finished your homework —— Not . (A)ever (B)already (C)yet (D)just
( )3. We haven't .
(A)already (B)ever (C)yet (D)never
( )4. — English? —
(A)never, ever (B)ever, never (C)ever, already (D)already. ever
( )5. — —
(A)yet, already (B)already, yet (C)ever, never (D)still, just
过去
规则的变形式与动词
不规
A.
drink---drank----drunk ring----rang-----rung swim----swam----swum sing----sang----sung
sink----sank----sunk blow----blew----blown grow----grew----grown know---knew---known
fly----flew----flown take----took----taken shake----shook----shaken drive----drove----driven
write---wrote---written rise---rose---risen ride----rode----ridde n speak----spoke----spoken
steal----stole----stolen break----broke----broken wake----woke----woken freeze----froze----frozen
forget----forgot----forgotten choose----chose----chosen draw----drew----drawn eat----ate----eaten
fall----fell----fallen give----gave----given hide----hid----hidden
do----did----done see----saw----seen
B.
bright----brought----brought think----thought----thought fight----fought----fought buy----bought----bought catch----caught----caught sell----sold----sold
tell----told----told say----said----said pay----paid----paid send----sent----sent lend----lent----lent spend----spent----spent burn----burnt----burnt learn----learnt----learnt mean----meant----meant
feel----felt----felt smell----smelt----smelt sleep----slept----slept sweep---swept----swept leave----left----left build----built----built lose----lost----lost get----got----got meet----met----met sit----sat----sat shoot----shot----shot lead----led----led spit----spat----spat have----had----had hold----held----held make----made----made stand----stood---stood hear----heard----heard find----found----found dig----dug----dug shine----shone----shone understand----understood----understood win----won----won
C. 原型与过去分词相同
come----came----come run----ran----run become----became----become D. 原形与
cast----cast----cast cut----cut----cut put----put----put
let----let----let set----set----set hit----hit----hit
四、现在完成时含义之二表过去已经开始 , 一直延续到现在的动
⑴ Since+过点的时间 (since 短或从句表示过去的动作延
He ’
⑵ for+一段时间(数 +量词) , (for 短语表示作延续多长时间, for 的宾为时间) 。
I haven’
[Exercises4] A)用 since 和 for 填空
1) ______ two years 2) _______ two years ago 3) _______ last month
4) ______ 1999 5) _______ yesterday 6) _______ 4 o’ clock
7) ______ 4 hours 8) _______ an hour ago 9) _______ we were children
10) _____ lunch time 11) ______ she left here
B )
1. He has lived in Nanjing ________ the year before last.
2. I’ ve known him __________ we were children.
3. Our teacher has studied Japanese _________ three years.
4. She has been away from the city ___________ about ten years.
5. It’ s about ten years __________ she left the city.
C )选择填空
( )1.I've been like this ever
(A)last week (B) for a week (C) a week before (D)the last week
( )2.My mother has worked in this 2 years.
(A)about (B)for (C)in (D)since
( )3. I haven't heard week.
(A)since (B) for (C)ago (D)before
( )4.His father joined the party_________
(A)for three years (B)since three years ago
(C)three years ago (D)in two years' time
( )5.He moved here in 1999,and he has been here
(A)at that time (B)for five years ago
(C)since four years (D)for four years
( about five days ago.
(A)\ (B)in (C)since (D)for
五,
1) It is the first / second time…. that… 结
It is the first time that I have visited the city.
It was the third time that the boy had been late.
2) This is the… that… 结构, that 从句要用现在完成时 .
This is the best film that I've (ever) seen.
这是
This is the first time (that) I've heard him sing.这是我第一次听他唱歌。
(1) ---Do you know our town at all?
---No, this is the first time I ___ here.
A. wasB. have beenC. cameD. am coming
答案 B. This is the first time 后
(2) ---Have you ____ been to our town before?
---No, it's the first time I ___ here.
A. even, comeB. even, have comeC. ever, comeD. ever, have come
答案 D. ever 意为曾经或无论何时,反
六、句式:
( in our school ever since she here.
(A)has taught, came (B)taught ,came
(C)has taught, has come (D)teaches, has come
( China.
(A)has taught .. came (B)taught,? came
(C)has taught, has .. come (D)teaches, has ? come
( she born in 1980
(A)has lived, has been (B)has lived, was
(C)lived, has been (D)lived, was
七、句式:It ’ s +一
( )1.It ’ .
(A)has left (B)has been away (C)left (D)leave
( )2. It’ the army .
(A)has joined (B)has been in (C)join (D)joined
八、 have been in, have been to
⑴ have(has) been in 表示 “在某地呆多长时间” , 常与表示一段时间的状语连用, 如:since, for, how long 等。例如:
Mr. Brown has been in Shanghai for three days.
▲此外还有这些搭配:have been here (there) /at home (school) /on the farm
have been here (there) / abroad
⑵ have(has)been to表示“曾经去过某地” ,现在已经不在那里了。可
I have just been to the post office.
Mary has never been to the Great Wall.
Have you ever been to Hangzhou?
▲ have(has) been to 后面可
I have been to Beijing three times.。
They have been to that village several times.
⑶ have(has) gone to 意为“到某地了” ,表示某地或正在去某地的途中。总之,说 时该不在现场,一般不用第一、第
----Where is Tom? ----He has gone to the bookshop.。
[Exercises7]A) 用 have(has) been
A: Where ____________ Li Fei ___________?
B: He ______ ______ to Hainan Island.
A: How long ___________ he ___________ there?
B: He ______ _______ there for three days.
A: When will he come back , do you know?
B: I’ m afraid he won’ t come back recently.
A: Could you tell me the way to Hainan Island?
B: Sorry, I _________ never ___________ there.
A: How many times ___________ Li Fei __________ to that place?
B: He ______ _______ there only once.
B ) 用 have/has been to/in, have gone to的各种形式填空。
1) Where is Jack? He ___ ____ ___ his country.
2) David ___ ___ __ the park just now.
3) John ___ ___ _ England since he came back.
4) How long _____you _____ this village?
5) The Smiths ____ Beijing for years.
6) _____ you ever ____ -- Yes, I ___ __ there many times.
7) I ___
8) Where is Jim? He ____
C )选择填空
( )1.Mrs whites
(A)has been to , went (B)has gone to , has been
(C)went to, has gone (D)has been to , has gone
( )2.She has__________ to Beijing twice .
(A)gone (B) got (C)been (D)come
( )3. — , Li Lei? — To Beijing
(A)have, been (B)has, been (C)have, gone (D)has, gone
( )4.Mr Green isn't in the to the library
(A)has gone (B)went (C)has been (D)will go
( )5.Mr smith Tokyo and he will be back in a week
(A)has been (B)has visited (C)has sent (D)has gone
( for two years
(A)have been to (B)have been in
(C)have gone to (D)have come to
九、现在完成时
( )1.Jim's been to the Great he?
(A)isn't (B)wasn't (C)hasn't (D)doesn't
( )2.She's never been to England, she?
(A)has (B)hasn't (C)isn't (D)is
十、 How long与现在完成时
( have you been here? -- Since last year
(A)How far (B)How long (C)How often (D)How soon
( )2.___________has Hanmei been in the library.
(A)How long (B)How soon (C)How far (D)How often
( )3.How long ___he___the library book .
(A)has, borrow (B)has, kept (C)has, bought (D)did, buy
十一、短暂性转换延续性
现在完成时表示过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态。 此常与“ for +一段时间 或 “ since +过去的时间或从(从用一般过去时) , over these years, in the past years, 以及 so far(到目前为止)等状语连用。 (肯定句,疑问句中谓语动
误:He has joined the League for two years.
正:He has been a League member for two years.
2)
误:I have bought this bike for three years.
正:I have had this bike for three years.
注意:非延续性动的否定形式可以与表示续时间的状语连用。
(错) I have received his letter for a month.
(对) I haven't received his letter for almost a month.
[Exercises10]A)按要求
① arrive at/in sw. get to/reach sw. come/go/move to sw.
→ be in sw./at school/at home/on the farm/be here/be there
1) He got to Beijing five minutes ago.
He ________ _________ _________ Beijing for _________ _________. 2) I moved to the USA last year.
I ________ ________ __________ the USA since __________ __________. 3) I went home yesterday.
I _______ ________ _________ home for _________ __________.
4) They came here last week.
They _________ _________ here since _________ __________.
② come/go back, return → be back come/go out → be out 1) He came out two years ago.
He _________ __________ _________ for __________ __________. 2) We return to Fuzhou yesterday.
We ________ ________ _________ to Fuzhou since __________.
③ become → be
1) I became a teacher in 2000.
I ________ __________ a teacher for _________ _________.
2) The river became dirty last year.
The river _________ _________ dirty for _________ __________.
④ close → be closed open → be open
1) The shop closed two hours ago.
The shop ________ _________ _________ for _________ _________. 2) The door opened at six in the morning.
The door ________ ________ ________ for six hours.
⑤ get up → be up die → be dead
leave sw. → be away from sw.
fall asleep/get to sleep → be asleep
finish/end → be over marry → be married
1) I got up two hours ago.
I ________ ________ ________ since ________ ______
2) He left Fuzhou just now.
He _______ ________ ________ _________ Fuzhou for five minutes. 3) My grandpa died in 2002.
My grandpa _______ _______ ________for _______ ________.
4) The meeting finished at six.
The meeting ________ ______ ______ for six hours.
5) I got to sleep two hours ago.
I ________ _________ _________ since _________ ______
6) They married in 1990.
They ________ _________ __________since _________.
⑥ start/begin to do sth. → do sth. begin → be on
1) I began to teach at this school in 1995.
I ____ ____ at this school since ____.
2) The film began two minutes ago.
The film ____ ____ ____ for ____ ____.
⑦ borrow → keep lose → not have buy → have put on → wear
catch/get a cold → have a cold get to know → know
1) They borrowed it last week.
They _________ _________ it since __________ __________.
2) I bought a pen two hours ago.
I _________ _________ a pen for ________ __________.
3) I got to know him last year.
I _________ __________ him since __________ __________.
4) I put on my glasses three years ago.
I __________ __________ my glasses for _________ _________.
⑧ have/has gone to → have been in
1) He has gone to Beijing.
He ____ ____ _____ Beijing for two days.
⑨ join the league/the Party/the army
→ be a league/a Party member/a soldier
→ be a member of the league/the Party
→ be in the league/the Party/the army
1) He joined the league in 2002.
He ________ _________ a _________ _________ for two years.
He ________ __________ a __________ ___________ the __________ for two years. He ____________ ___________ ___________ the league for two years.
2) My brother joined the army two years ago.
My brother __________ __________ a ___________ for ___________ ___________. My brother ___________ ___________ in ____________ ___________ for two years. C )选择填空
( )1. — How long book? — Two weeks
(A)borrow (B)keep (C)lend (D)return
( )2.Her more than five years (A)died ,dead (B)has died, dead (C)died ,has been dead (D)has died, has died ( )3.I have this nice watch for two years
(A)had (B)bought (C)borrowed (D)lend
( his home for ten years
(A)has left (B)left from (C)has been away from (D)was away from ( league member for three years
(A)is (B)has been (C)has become (D)have become
( )6.Lihua's brother for two years
(A)joined the army (B)been an army
(C)become a soldier (D)been in the army
( )7.He hasn't
(A)left (B)been away (C)been (D)away
十二、
⑴ 现在完成时表示过去动作一直延续到现在甚至会继续下去示过去的动作对现在 造成的响;一过去时
The plane has arrived . 飞机已经来
The plane arrived a quarter ago. 飞机是一刻中以前来的。 (强调动作生时间在过) I have taught here for fifteen years. 我在这儿已经了十五年。 (表示十五年前的
I have taught here for a year. 我去在儿教过一。 (表示“我“现在已经不在这儿任教了) ⑵ When 常与一般
When did you come to Beijing?
How long have you been in Beijing?
[Exercises 11] 选择填空
( )1. — Have you finshed your homework — Yes, I last night
(A)finish (B)finished (C)have finished (D)will finish
( )2. — — there last year.
(A)Have? gone, have gone (B)Have? been , went
(C)Did? go, went (D)Did? go, has , been
( )3. — in New York? — her for two years (A)did? meet, haven't seen (B)did? meet, have seen
(C)did? meet, don't see (D)would? meet, hadn't seen
( here? (A)have? come , have ? been (B)did? come , have? been
(C)did? come , did ? go (D)did? come , have ? gone
十三、典型例题
现在完成时较难掌握、
一、考查其构成
1. Kate's never seen Chinese films, ____ ? A. hasn't she B. has she C. isn't she D. is she
析:陈述句部分含否定 never, 简略问句部分
2. His uncle has already posted the photos to him. (改为否定句 )
His uncle ______ posted the photos to him ______.
析:already 常用在肯定句中, yet 常用在否定句、疑
3. -Ann has gone to Shanghai. -So ______her parents. A. has B. had C. did D. have
析:
二、
(一 ) 当句中有 never, ever, just, already, yet, before等时,常用现在完成时。如:
1. -Mum, may I go out and play basketball? -______you______ your homework yet?
A. Do; finish B. Are; finishing C. Did; finish D. Have; finished
2. -______ you ______anywhere before? -Yes, but I can't remember where I______
A. Did; surf; surfed B. Have; surfed; surfed
C. Did; surf; have surfed D. Have; surfed; have surfed
析:据 yet
(二 ) 当句中有
1. His brother has been to Stone Forest twice______he came to Yunnan.
A. after B. before C. since D. for
析:主句用是现在完成时,从句用的是
2. Tom______the CD player for two weeks.
A. has lent B. has borrowed C. has bought D. has had
析:A 、 B 、 C 为非延续性
A. didn't receive B. haven't got C. didn't have D. haven't heard
析:据 since
三、考查 have/has been (to, in)/have/has gone (to)的区别。如:
1. -Have you ever______Lintong to see the Terra Cotta Warriors?-Yes, I have.
A. went to B. gone to C. been in D. been to
析:据句
2. My parents ______ Shangdong for ten years.
A. have been in B. have been to C. have gone to D. have been
析:本题句中有
四、考查在完成时
1. Sun's aunt has gone there for ten years.(改成正确的句子 )
析:
2. Susan has been in this city for more than ten years.(改为同义句 )
________more than ten years ____Susan ______to this city.
析:据上题分析, since 引导的从句
3. I won't go to the concert because I ____my ticket.
A. lost B. don't lose C. have lost D. is coming
析:因我丢了票的动发生在过去,而且对现在造成不能参加音乐会的结果,符合现在 完
十四、课后练习
现在
A)
1.I _______ told him the news.
2.She ________ come back from school.
3.You ________ won the game.
B) 按要求改写下列各句 :
4.They have bought a computer.(改成否定句 )
_________________________________________
5.He has lost his book.
(先改成
_________________________________________
C) 单项选择
6. -Where have you _____, Kate?
-I've ______ to the bank.
A. gone, goneB. been, beenC. gone, beenD. been, gone
7. Her grandfather ______ for two years.
A. diedB. has diedC. has been deadD. has been died
8. It's six weeks ______ I met you last.
A. whenB. sinceC. beforeD. for
9. Tom and Jack have arrived at West Hill Farm already.
A. have gotB. have gone toC. have been toD. have reached
现在
一、 单项选择。
1、 Both his parents look sad . Maybe they _________what's happened to him .(呼和浩特) A . knew B . have known C . must know D .will know
2、 He has _______ been to Shanghai , has he ?
A . already B .never C .ever D . still
3、 Have you met Mr Li ______?
A . just B . ago C .before D . a moment ago
4、 The famous writer _____ one new book in the past two years .
A . is writing B .was writing C .wrote D .has written
5、— Our country ______ a lot so far .
— Yes . I hope it will be even ______ .
A . has changed ; well B . changed ; good
C . has changed ; better D . changed ; better
6、 Zhao Lan ______already ______in this school for two years .
A . was ; studying B . will ; study
C . has ; studied D . are ; studying
7、 We ______ Xiao Li since she was a little girl .
A . know B . had known C . have known D . knew
8、 Harry Potter is a very nice film .I_______ it twice .
A . will see B . have seen C . saw D .see
9、— These farmers have been to the United States .
— Really ? When _____ there ?
A . will they go B . did they go
C . do they go D . have they gone
10、— ______ you ___ your homework yet ?
— Yes . I _____ it a moment ago .
A . Did ; do ; finished B . Have ; done ; finished
C . Have ; done ; have finished D . will ; do ; finish
11、 His father ______ the Party since 1978 .
A . joined B . has joined C . was in D . has been in
12、— Do you know him well ?
— Sure .We _________ friends since ten years ago .
A . were B . have been C . have become D . have made
13、— How long have you ____ here ?
— About two months .
A . been B . gone C . come D . arrived
14、 Hurry up! The play __________ for ten minutes .
A . has begun B . had begun
C . has been on D . began
15、 It _____ ten years since he left the army .
A . is B . has C . will D . was
16、 Miss Green isn't in the office . she_______ to the library .
A .has gone B . went C .will go D . has been
17、 My parents ______ Shandong for ten years .
A . have been in B . have been to
C . have gone to D . have been
18、 The students have cleaned the classroom,
A. so they B. don’ t they C. have they D. haven’ t they
19、 to China? A. How soon, comes B. How often, got
C. How long, came D. How far, arrived
20、 His uncle____for more than 9 years.
A. has come here B. has started to work
C. has lived there D. has left the university
二、 句型转换。
1、 He has never surfed, (改成反意疑问句)
2、 They have been here since 2000. (对划线部分提问 )
they been here?
3、 for a year. (die) (动词填空)
4、 This factory opened twenty years ago.(同义句转换 )
This factory _____
5、 Miss Gao left an hour ago. (同义句转换 )
Miss Gao ________ _______ ________ ________ an hour ago.
6、 Her mother has been a Party member for three years .(同义句)
Her mother _______ the Party three years ________ .
7、 The Green Family moved to France two years ago. (同义句转换 )
_______ two years ________ the Green family moved to France.
8、 The bus has arrived here. It arrived ten minutes ago. (把两个句子合并成一个句子 ) ___________________________________________
三、 汉译英。
1、
2、 他昨天收到一封信。
3、 我父亲以前到过长城。
4、
5、 她去过上海。
6、 他这些天上哪儿去了?
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