范文一:2012广东肇庆中考数学
2012年广东肇庆中考解析
一、选择题(每小题3分,共30分)
1. (2012广东肇庆,1,3分)计算,3+2的结果是( )
A.1 B. ,1 C. 5 D. ,5
答案:B.
2. (2012广东肇庆,2,3分)点M(2, ,1)向上平移2个单位长度得到的点的坐标是( ) A.(2,0) B. (2,1) C. (2,2) D. (2,,3)
答案:B.
3. (2012广东肇庆,3,3分)如图1,已知D、E在?ABC的边上,DE?BC,?B,60?, ?AED,40?, ?A 的度数为( )
A. 100? B. 90? C. 80? D. 70?
答案:C.
4. (2012广东肇庆,4,3分)用科学记数法表示5700000,正确的是( )
6777A. 5.7× B. 5.7× C. 5.7× D. 5.7× 10101010
答案:A.
5. (2012广东肇庆,5,3分)一个多边形的内角和与外角和相等,则这个多边形是( ) A.四边形 B.五边形 C. 六边形 D.八边形
答案:A.
6. (2012广东肇庆,6,3分)如图2是某几何体的三视图,则该几何体是( ) A.圆锥 B. 圆柱 C. 三棱柱 D.三棱锥
答案:A.
2,x7. (2012广东肇庆,7,3分)要使式子有意义,则x的取值范围是( ) A. x ,0 B. x?,2 C. x?2 D. x?2
答案:D.
8. (2012广东肇庆,8,3分)下列数据3,2,3,4,5,2,2的中位数是( ) A.5 B.4 C. 3 D.2
答案:C.
9. (2012广东肇庆,9,3分)等腰三角形两边长分别为4和8,则这个等腰三角形的周长为( )
A.16 B. 18 C.20 D.16或20
答案:C.
10. (2012广东肇庆,10,3分)某校学生来自甲、乙、丙三个地区,其人数比为2:3:5,如图3所示的扇形图表示上述分布情况.已知来自甲地区的为180人,则下列说法不正确的是( )
A.扇形甲的圆心角是72? B.学生的总人数是900人 C. 丙地区的人数比乙地区的人数多180人 D. 甲地区的人数比丙地区的人数少180人
答案:D.
二、填空题(每小题3分,共15分)
120,11. (2012广东肇庆,11,3分)计算的结果是_________ 5
答案:2.
12. (2012广东肇庆,12,3分)正方形绕其中心旋转一定的角度与原图重合,则这个角至少为_________度.
答案:90.
13. (2012广东肇庆,13,3分)菱形的两条对角线的长分别为6和8,则这个菱形的周长为_________.
答案:20.
14. (2012广东肇庆,14,3分)扇形的半径是9cm,弧长是3πcm,则此扇形的圆心角为_________度.
答案:60.
24681015. (2012广东肇庆,15,3分)观察下列一组数:,,,,,……,它们是按357911一定规律排列的,那么这一组数的第k个数是_________.……
2k答案: 21k,
三、解答题
16. (2012广东肇庆,16,6分)解不等式:2(x+3),4,0,并把解集在下列的数轴上(如图4)表示出来.
-2-1012
图4
解: 2x+6,4,0,
2x,,2,
x,,1.
解集在数轴上表示为如图4-1,
-2-1012
图4-1
,1,3217. (2012广东肇庆,17,6分)计算: ,6+ 4sin45
211解:原式,,6×+,. 32244
18. (2012广东肇庆,18,6分)从1名男生和2名女生中随机抽取参加“我爱我家乡”演讲赛的学生,求下列事件的概率:
(1) 抽取1名,恰好是男生;
(2) 抽取2名,恰好是1名女生和1名男生.
1解: (1) 抽取1名,恰好是男生的概率是; 3
女女(2) 用男,,表示这三个同学,从中任意抽取2名,所有可能出现的结果有:(男,12
女女女女),(男,),(,)共三种情况,恰好是1名女生和1名男生的情况有2种,1212
2?恰好是1名女生和1名男生的概率是. 3
19. (2012广东肇庆,19,7分)如图5,已知AC?BC,BD?AD,AC与BD交于O,AC
,BD.
求证: (1)BC,AD;
(2)?OAB是等腰三角形.
解:(1) ?AC?BC,BD?AD,??D,?C,90?.
在Rt?ACB和Rt?BDA中,AB,BA,AC,BD,??ACB?Rt?BDA(HL) . ?BC,AD.
(2)由 ?ACB?Rt?BDA得?CAB,?DBA,??OAB是等腰三角形.
1x20. (2012广东肇庆,20,7分)先化简,后求值: (1+)?,其中x,,4. 2x,1x,1
xx,,11,,,,xxx,,11解:原式,?,?,x+1. xx,,11xx,1x,1,,,,
当x,,4时,原式,,4+1,,3.
21. (2012广东肇庆,21,7分)顺安旅行社组织200人到怀集和德庆旅游,到德庆的人数
是到怀集的人数的2倍少1人,到两地旅游的人数各是多少人? 解:设到德庆的人数为x人,到怀集的人数为y人.
xy,,200,依题意,得方程组; ,xy,,21,
x,133,解这个方程组得: ,y,67,
答:到德庆的人数为133人,到怀集的人数为67人.
22. (2012广东肇庆,22,8分)如图6,四边形ABCD是矩形,对角线AC、BD相交于
点O,BE?AC交DC的延长线于点E
(1)求证: BD,BE
(2)若?DBC,30?,BO,4,求四边形ABED的面积.
证明: (1)?四边形ABCD是矩形,?AC,BD,AB?CD. 又?BE?AC?四边形ABEC是平行四边形.
?BE,AC
?BD,BE
(2) ?四边形ABCD是矩形,?AO,OC,BO,OD,4,即BD,8. ??DBC,30?,??ABO,90?,30?,60?.
??ABO是等边三角形,即AB,OB,4,于是AB,DC,CE,4.
34DC4,43在Rt?DBC中,tan30?,,即,解得BC, ,3BCBCBC
?AB?DE,AD与BE不平行,?四边形ABED是梯形,且BC为梯形的高.
11?四边形ABED的面积,?(AB+DE)?BC,?(4+4+4)?43,243 22
k,123. (2012广东肇庆,23,8分)已知反比例函数图象的两个分支分别位于第一、y,x
三象限.
(1) 求k的取值范围;
(2)若一次函数y,2x+k的图象与该反比例函数的图象有一个交点的纵坐标是4. ?求当x,,6时反比例函数y的值;
1?当0,x,时,求此时一次函数y的取值范围. 2
k,1解: (1)? 反比例函数图象的两个分支分别位于第一、三象限,?k,1,0,?k,y,x
1;
42,,ak1,,a,,,(2) ?设交点坐标为(a,4),代入两个解析式得:,解得 2,k,1,4,,,k,3,a,
2221?反比例函数解析式为:.当x,,6时反比例函数y的值为: y,y,,,,xx,63
1?由?可知,两函数的交点坐标为(,4). 一次函数解析式为: y,2x+3,它的图象与y轴2
的交点坐标是(0,3).
1由图象可知,当0,x,时,一次函数的函数值y随x的增大而增大, 2
?y的取值范围是:3,y,4.
24. (2012广东肇庆,24,10分)如图7,在?ABC中,AB,AC, 以AB为直径的?O交AC于点E,交BC于点D,连结BE、AD交于点P.求证:
(1)D是BC的中点;
(2)?BEC??ADC;
(3)AB?CE,2DP?AD
解:(1) ?AB是直径,??ADB,90?即AD?BC.
又?AB,AD,?D是BC的中点.
(2) 在?BEC与?ADC中
??C,?C,?CAD,?CBE,
??BEC??ADC.
ACBC (3)??BEC??ADC,?. ,CDCE
又?D是BC的中点, ?2BD,2CD,BC. ACBD22?,则2,AC?CE. ? BD,BDCE
在?BPD与?ABD中
有?BDP,?BDA
又?AB,AC,AD?BC,
??CAD,?BAD
又??CAD,?CBE,??DBP,?DAB. ??BPD??ABD
BDAD2?,则,PD?AD ? BD,PDBD
2?由?,?得: AC?CE,2,2PD?AD. BD
?AC?CE,2PD?AD.
2ymxnxp,,,25. (2012广东肇庆,25,10分)已知二次函数图象的顶点横坐标是2,
xx,,0xx与x轴交于A(,0)、B(,0), ,与y轴交于点C,O为坐标原点,tan?CAO1212
, tan?CBO,1,
(1)求证:n+4m,0;
(2)求m、n的值;
(3)当p,0且二次函数图象与直线yx,,3仅有一个交点时,求二次函数的最大值.
n解: (1) 把2代入顶点横坐标得,?n +4m,0. ,,22m
xx(2) ?已知二次函数图象与x轴交于A(,0)、B(,0),且由(1)知n ,,4m, 12
n,4mpxxxx,?,,,4, ,. ,,1212mmm
OCOCxx,,0?,?在Rt?CAO中,tan?CAO,,, 12,xOA1
OCOC在Rt?CBO中,tan?CBO,, xOB2
OCOC?tan?CAO, tan?CBO,1,?,,1. ,xx12
xx,1111112xx,,0,?,?OC,|p|?0. ?,,,.即. ,,,12p,xxOCxxp1212
41?.?p,,4m|p|. ,,pp
m
1?当p,0时 m,,,n,1. 4
1?当p,0时 m,,n,,1. 4
12(3) 当p,0时,二次函数表达式为 yxxp,,,,4
1,2yxxp,,,,,?二次函数图象与直线yx,,3仅有一个交点,?方程组仅有一个解. 4,
,yx,,3,
1122?一元二次方程,即有两个相等根. xxxp,,,,,3,,,,xp3044
1,,2043,,,,,xp??,,0,解得p,3. ,,,,4,,
1122此时,二次函数表达式为, yxx,,,,3,,,x24,,441?a,,,0,?y有最大值4 4
范文二:2011广东肇庆中考数学
肇庆市 2011年初中毕业生学业考试
数 学 试 题
说明:全卷共 4页,考试时间为 100分钟,满分 120分.
一、选择题(本大题共 10小题,每小题 3分,共 30分.在每小题给出的 4个选项中,只有
一项是符合题目要求的. ) 1. (2011广东肇庆, 1, 3分)
2
1
的倒数是 A .2 B . 2- C .21 D . 2
1- 【答案】 A
2. (2011广东肇庆, 2, 3分)我国第六次人口普查的结果表明,目前肇庆市的人口约为 4050000人,这个数用科学记数法表示是 A . 4
10405?
B . 5
105. 40?
C . 6
1005. 4?
D . 7
1005. 4?
【答案】 C
3. (2011广东肇庆, 3, 3分)如图是一个几何体的实物图,则其主视图是
【答案】 C
4. (2011广东肇庆, 4, 3分)方程组 ??
?=+=-4
22
y x y x 的解是
A . ?
?
?==21
y x B . ??
?==13
y x C . ?
?
?-==20
y x
D . ?
?
?==02
y x 【答案】 D
5. (2011广东肇庆, 5, 3分)如图,已知直线 a ∥ b ∥ c ,直线 m 、 n 与 a 、 b 、 c 分别交 于点 A 、 C 、 E 、 B 、 D 、 F , AC = 4, CE = 6, BD = 3,则 BF =
A . 7
B . 7. 5
C . 8
D . 8.
5
D
C B
A
a b c
B D
m n
【答案】 B
6. (2011广东肇庆, 6, 3分)点 M (-2, 1)关于 x 轴对称的点的坐标是
A . (-2,-1) B . (2, 1) C . (2,-1)
D . (1,-2)
【答案】 A
7. (2011广东肇庆, 7, 3分)如图,四边形 ABCD 是圆内接四边形, E 是 BC 延长线上 一点,若∠ BAD =105°,则∠ DCE 的大小是
A . 115°
B . 105°
C . 100°
D . 95°
【答案】 B
8. (2011广东肇庆, 8, 3分)某住宅小区六月份 1日至 5日每天用水量变化情况如图所 示,那么这 5天平均每天的用水量是
A . 30吨 B . 31吨
C . 32吨
D . 33吨
【答案】 C
9. (2011广东肇庆, 9, 3分)已知正六边形的边心距为 ,则它的周长是
A . 6
B . 12
C . 6
D . 3
【答案】 B
日期 /日
H B
A
10. (2011广东肇庆, 10, 3分)二次函数 522-+=x x y 有
A . 最大值-5
B . 最小值-5
C . 最大值-6
D . 最小值-6
【答案】 D
二、填空题(本大题共 5小题,每小题 3分,共 15分. ) 11. (2011广东肇庆, 11, 3分)化简:= ▲ .
【答案】 32
12. (2011广东肇庆, 12, 3分) 下列数据 5, 3, 6, 7, 6, 3, 3, 4, 7, 3, 6的众数是 ▲ .
【答案】 3
13. (2011广东肇庆, 13, 3分)在直角三角形 ABC 中,∠ C =90°, BC =12, AC =9, 则 AB = ▲ . 【答案】 15
14. (2011广东肇庆, 14, 3分)已知两圆的半径分别为 1和 3,若两圆相切,则两圆的 圆心距为 ▲ .
【答案】 4或 2
15. (2011广东肇庆, 15, 3分)如图 5所示,把同样大小的黑色棋子摆放在正多边形的 边上,按照这样的规律摆下去,则第 n (n 是大于 0的整数)个图形需要黑色棋子的个 数是 ▲ .
【答案】 ) 2(+n n
三、解答题(本大题共 10小题,共 75分.解答应写出文字说明,证明过程或演算步骤. ) 16. (2011广东肇庆, 16, 6分)计算:?-+-60cos 2921
解:原式=
21
2321?-+ =127
-
=2
5
17. (2011广东肇庆, 17, 6分)解不等式组 :?
??<><>
3x x
解:解不等式 63<-x 得="" 2-="">x 解不等式 52<+x 得="">+x><>
∴原不等式组的解集是:32<>
18. (2011广东肇庆, 18, 6分)如图是一个转盘 , 转盘分成 8个相同的扇形 , 颜色分为红、 绿、黄三种 . 指针的位置固定,转动转盘后任其自由停止,其中的某个扇形会恰好停在 指针所指的位置 (指针指向两个扇形的交线时, 当作指向右边的扇形) . 求下列事件的概 率:
(1)指针指向红色; (2)指针指向黄色或绿色 .
解:按颜色把 8个扇形分为红 1、红 2、绿 1、绿 2、绿 3、黄 1、黄 2、黄 3,所有可能结果的 总数为 8.
(1)指针指向红色的结果有 2个, ∴ P (指针指向红色 ) =4
182= (2)指针指向黄色或绿色的结果有 3+3=6个 ,
∴ P (指针指向黄色或绿色 ) 4
386== 19. (2011广东肇庆, 19, 7分) 先化简,再求值:) 21
1(342--?--a a a ,其中 3-=a . 解 :
) 2
1
1(342--?--a a a =) 2122(3) 2)(2(----?--+a a a a a a =
2
3
3) 2)(2(--?--+a a a a a
=2+a
当 3-=a 时,原式=2+a =123-=+-
20. (2011广东肇庆, 20, 7分)如图,在正方形 ABCD 中, E 为对角线 AC 上一点,连 接 EB 、 ED . (1)求证:△ BEC ≌△ DEC ;
(2)延长 BE 交 AD 于点 F ,若∠ DEB = 140?,求∠ AFE 的度数.
解:(1)证明:∵四边形 ABCD 是正方形 ∴ CD =CB , ∵ AC 是正方形的对角线 ∴∠ DCA =∠ BCA
又 CE =CE ∴△ BEC ≌△ DEC (2)∵∠ DEB =140?
由△ BEC ≌△ DEC 可得∠ DEC =∠ BEC =140?÷2=70?, ∴∠ AEF =∠ BEC =70?,
又∵ AC 是正方形的对角线, ∠ DAB =90? ∴∠ DAC =∠ BAC =90?÷2=45?, 在△ AEF 中,∠ AFE =180?— 70?— 45?=65?
【思路分析】 (1)欲证△ BEC ≌△ DEC ,先找容易得到的条件,显然 CE 是公共边,再结 合四边形 ABCD 是正方形, AC 为对角线,可得 CD =CB ,∠ DCA =∠ BCA ,根据 SAS 判定 可得△ BEC ≌△ DEC ; (2) ∠ AFE 是△ AFE 的内角, ∠ DAC =∠ BAC =90?÷2=45?, 所以只 需计算∠ AEF 的度数,由△ BEC ≌△ DEC 和对顶角相等可得,∠ AEF =∠ BEC =2
1
∠ DEB =
2
1
×140?=70°,所以∠ AFE =180?— 70?— 45?=65? . 21. (2011广东肇庆, 21, 7分)肇庆市某施工队负责修建 1800米的绿道,为了尽量减少 施工对周边环境的影响,实际工作效率比原计划提高了 20%,结果提前两天完成.求原 计划平均每天修绿道的长度. 解:设原计划平均每天修绿道 x 米,依题意得
2%)201(1800
1800=+-x
x 解这个方程得:x =150(米)
经检验, x =150是这个分式方程的解,∴这个方程的解是 x =150 答:原计划平均每天修绿道 150米.
22. (2011广东肇庆, 22, 8分)如图,矩形 ABCD 的对角线相交于点 O , DE ∥ AC , CE ∥ BD .
(1)求证:四边形 OCED 是菱形;
(2)若∠ ACB =30?,菱形 OCED 的面积为 8,求 AC 的长.
解:(1)证明:∵ DE ∥ OC , CE ∥ OD ,∴四边形 OCED 是平行四边形.
∵四边形 ABCD 是矩形 ∴ AO =OC =BO =OD ∴四边形 OCED 是菱形.
(2)∵∠ ACB =30° ∴∠ DCO = 90°— 30°=60° 又∵ OD = OC , ∴△ OCD 是等边三角形 过 D 作 DF ⊥ OC 于 F ,则 CF =2
1
OC ,设 CF =x ,则 OC =2x , AC =4x 在 Rt △ DFC 中, tan 60°=
FC
DF
∴ DF =FC ? tan 60°x = 由已知菱形 OCED 的面积为 38得 OC ? DF=38,即 82=?x x , 解得 x =2, ∴ AC =4?2=8
23. (2011广东肇庆, 23, 8分)如图,一次函数 b x y +=的图象经过点 B (1-, 0) , 且与反比例函数 x
k
y =
(k 为不等于 0的常数) 的图象在第一象限交于点 A (1, n ) . 求: (1)一次函数和反比例函数的解析式;
(2)当 61≤≤x 时,反比例函数 y 的取值范围.
解:(1)将点 B (-1, 0)代入 y =x +b 得:0=-1+b ∴ b =1.
∴一次函数的解析式是 y =x +1
E
图
E
∵点 A (1, n )在一次函数 y =x +1的图象上,将点 A (1, n )代入 y =x +1得: n =1+1,∴ n =2 即点 A 的坐标为(1, 2) ,代入 x
k
y =得:12k =,解得:2=k
∴反比例函数的解析式是 x
y 2
= (2)对于反比例函数 x
y 2
=
,当 0>x 时, y 随 x 的增大而减少, 而当 1=x 时, 2=y ;当 6=x 时, 3
1
=y
∴当 61≤≤x 时,反比例函数 y 的取值范围是 23
1
≤≤y .
24. (2011广东肇庆, 24, 10分)已知:如图, ?ABC 内接于⊙ O , AB 为直径,∠ CBA 的 平分线交 AC 于点 F ,交⊙ O 于点 D , DE ⊥ AB 于点 E ,且交 AC 于点 P ,连结 AD . (1)求证:∠ DAC =∠ DBA ; (2)求证:P 是线段 AF 的中点; (3)若⊙ O 的半径为 5, AF =
2
15
,求 tan ∠ ABF 的值 .
(1)证明:∵ BD 平分∠ CBA ,∴∠ CBD =∠ DBA ∵∠ DAC 与∠ CBD 都是弧 CD 所对的圆周角, ∴∠ DAC =∠ CBD ∴∠ DAC =∠ DBA
(2)∵ AB 为直径,∴∠ ADB =90° 又∵ DE ⊥ AB 于点 E ,∴∠ DEB =90° ∴∠ ADE +∠ EDB =∠ ABD +∠ EDB =90° ∴∠ ADE =∠ ABD =∠ DAP ∴ PD =P A
又∵∠ DF A +∠ DAC =∠ ADE +∠ PD F=90°且∠ ADE =∠ DAC ∴∠ PDF =∠ PFD
∴ PD =PF ∴ P A = PF 即 P 是线段 AF 的中点
(3)∵∠ DAF =∠ DBA ,∠ ADB =∠ FDA =90°∴△ FDA ∽△ ADB
A
B
∴
AB
AF
DB AD = ∴在 Rt △ ABD 中, tan ∠ ABD =4
3
1015
===AB AF DB AD ,即 tan ∠ ABF =43
25. (2011广东肇庆, 25, 10分) 已知抛物线 22
4
3m mx x y -+=(m >0) 与 x 轴交于 A 、
B 两点.
(1)求证:抛物线的对称轴在 y 轴的左侧; (2)若
3
211=-OA OB (O 是坐标原点) ,求抛物线的解析式; (3)设抛物线与 y 轴交于点 C ,若 ?ABC 是直角三角形,求 ?ABC 的面积. (1)证明:∵ m >0 ∴ 02
2<>
=m
a b x ∴抛物线的对称轴在 y 轴的左侧
(2)解:设抛物线与 x 轴交点坐标为 A (x 1, 0) , B (x 2, 0) , 则 021<-=+m x="" x="" ,="">-=+m>
32
21<-=?m x="" x="" ,="" ∴="" x="" 1与="" x="" 2异号="">-=?m>
3
211=-OA OB 0> ∴ OA >OB 由(1)知:抛物线的对称轴在 y 轴的左侧 ∴ 01 3211=-OA OB 得:3 211111212=+=--x x x x 即 322121=?+x x x x ,从而 32 4 32=--m m ,解得:m =2 ∴抛物线的解析式是 322 -+=x x y (3) [解法一 ]:当 x =0时, 243m y - = ∴抛物线与 y 轴交点坐标为 C (0, 24 3 m -) ∵ ?ABC 是直角三角形,且只能有 AC ⊥ BC ,又 OC ⊥ AB , ∴∠ CAB = 90°— ∠ ABC ,∠ BCO = 90°— ∠ ABC ,∴∠ CAB =∠ BCO ∴ Rt △ AOC ∽ Rt △ COB , ∴ OC AO OB OC =,即 OB OA OC ?=2 ∴ 212 24 3x x m ?-=- 即 2443169m m = 解得:33 2 =m 此时 243m -=1) 3 2 (432-=- ,∴点 C 的坐标为(0,— 1)∴ OC =1 又 2 22212212124) 4 3(4) (4) () (m m m x x x x x x =-?--=?-+=- ∵ m >0,∴ m x x 212=- 即 AB =2m ∴ ?ABC 的面积=21?AB ?OC =21?2m ?1= 3 2 [解法二 ]:略解 : 当 0=x 时, 243m y -= ∴点 C (0, 2 4 3m -) ∵ ?ABC 是直角三角形 ∴ 2 22BC AC AB += ∴ 2221221) 43() (m x x x -+=-222 2) 4 3(m x -++ ∴ 421892m x x =?- ∴ 4 289) 43(2m m =-- 解得: 3 2 =m ∴ 3 2432214321212221=??=-?-=??=?m m m x x OC AB S ABC 英语练习1 A Are you good at learning some things by yourself, but not others,Do you find it easy to understand art, for example, but not maths.If you do, don’t be surprised. Everyone’s mind is different and some people are better at some things than others. Not everyone is good at everything. Many famous people were good at one thing but poor at others. Mozart was good at music but not very good at maths— he never had enough money! Einstein was good at maths and writing. He also played the violin but most people say that he wasn’t very good at that. Max Berlitz’s parents and grandfather were maths teachers but he was poor at maths. He was good at languages. He started a school that taught languages. Now many books and thousands of schools use his ideas. George Schaller has worked all over the world studying animals. In China, he studied pandas. He said that when he was a boy, he always liked being outside looking at plants and animals. Now this is his job. When Tiger Woods was a baby, his father used to play golf in front of him. His father did everything he could to make his son like golf. Now his son is the best golf player in the world. 46. It is _______ for everyone to have the same mind and be good at everything. A. impossible B. usual C. necessary D. easy 47. Mozart was famous for his ________ in the world. A. drawings B. novels C. music D. art 48. If your parents are maths teachers, you_______ good at maths. A. must be B. can’t be C. may be D. should be 49. George Schaller was ________ of watching plants and animals when he was a child. A. fond B. proud C. afraid D. tired 50. Tiger Woods becomes the best golf player because of the following reasons except ________. A. his father often buys him delicious food. B. his father wants him to B. he likes playing golf D. he works very hard 答案: 46-50 ACCAA B “Where there is a will, there is a way(” Perhaps not many students can understand this better than 22-year-old Michael Ha(Because of his story of success, he has become an example to many young people( Michael Ha was born in a very poor family(His parents worked in Vietnam before they moved to Britain in 1980(They couldn?t find work in Britain because they spoke little English(The whole family had to live on benefits (救济金) and they lived in a small house in Hackney, a poor area in East London(Growing up was not easy for Michael, but he never gave up( At the age of 10, he set his heart on going to Cambridge University(It was not easy, either(Michael studied at a school, which used to be called “the worst school in Britain”(However, young Michael made up his mind to try his best, no matter what kind of school he was studying at(The smart boy studied very hard and did well in every subject at school(Once he made a bet (打赌) with his friend to learn further math(As a result, after spending just four months teaching himself from a textbook, he got an A in AS-level further math( Now Michael is the star medical student at St(John?s College, Cambridge and has just won an award (奖) for his excellent grades(He hopes he will be an inspiration for other young people from disadvantaged backgrounds( 56. When was Michael born? A. In 1994. B. In 1980. C. In 1990. D. In 1984. 57. Where did Michael?s parents work before 1980? A. In Britain. B. In Vietnam. C. In Cambridge. D. In Hackney. 58. What does Michael learn about in Cambridge University? A. English. B. History. C. Geography. D. Medicine. 59. Which of the following is TURE? A. Michael?sparentscouldn?t find work in Britain because they had little work experience. B. Michael had a dream of studying at Cambridge University when he was eleven years old. C. In order to get an A in AS-level further math, Michael spent four months teaching himself. D. Michael has won two awards for his excellent grades. 60. What is the best title of the passage? A. How to deal with the difficulties. B. How to become a good student. C. From a poor area to Cambridge. D. From “worst school” to Cambridge University. 答案: 56-60 ABDCD 英语练习2 A SKYLINE HOTEL LANSDOWNEPARK Telephone: 22785161 SHOPPING CENTER Address: 3031 No.3 Road (at Sea Island Way) Telephone: 33562367 The Hanger Den: Wed. to Sun. Dinner from 5:30 p.m. Address: 5300 No.3 Road Coffee Shop: Mon. to Fri.: 6:00 a.m. Open: Mon., Tues.& Sat.: Sat.: 6:30 a.m. Sun.: 7:00 a.m. 9:30 a.m. —5:30 p.m. Mon.—Wed.: to 10:00 p.m. Wed. to Fri.: 9:30 a.m. —9:30 p.m. Thurs.—Sun.: to 11:00 p.m. Sun.: 11:00 a.m.—5:00 p.m. NEW YORKMUSEUM GARDEN RESTAURANTT Telephone: 77364431 Telephone: 22706030 Address: VanierPark, 1100 Chestnut St. New Address: 9020 Bridgeport Road York Open: Mon. to Fri.: 7:00 a.m.— 2:30 p.m. America’s largest museum specialized in(专业and 5:00 p.m. —9:00 p.m. 研究)in American history and our native Sat.: 7:00 a.m.—11:00 a.m. people and 5:00 p.m.—9:00 p.m. Open: Mon. to Fri.: 9:00 a.m.— Sun.: 11:00 a.m.—2:00 p.m. 5:00 p.m. (Monday free) and 5:00 p.m.—9:00 p.m. Sat.: 9:00 a.m.—1:00 a.m. 51. If you want to buy a new jacket, you’ll have to go to _______. A. 3031 No.3 Road B. 5300 No.3 Road C. 9020 Bridgeport Road D. 1100 Chestnut Street 52. If you want to go out for dinner on Sunday, you can call up the number _______. A. 22785161 or 22706030 B. 22706030 or 33562367 C. 77364431 or 22785161 D. 33562367 or 22785161 53. You don’t have to pay on Monday if you go to _______. A. Skyline Hotel B. LansdowneParkShopping Center C. New YorkMuseum D. Garden Restaurant 54. If you want to enjoy yourself on Sunday mornings, you can go to _______. A. LansdowneParkShopping Center B. New YorkMuseum C. Garden Restaurant D. Coffee Shop 55. VisitingNew YorkMuseum, you can know _______. A. the history of American native people B. the history of New York C. the art of America D. the art of New York 答案: 51-55BACDA B 配对阅读。左栏是五段电视节目内容的解说词,右栏是七个对应的节目名称。请根据左右两栏的信息找出相匹配的一项, 并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。(有两个多余项) 第6/8页 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 答案: 66-70 CGADE 英语练习3 A For thousands of years, people used different ways to measure things. Some people measured(测量) things using the size of their king’s foot or hand. When the king died, they used the new king’s foot, and so on. This wasn’t a very good way to measure things, because it wasn’t always clear how big or small a thing really was. People all over the world used the sun and the moon to measure time. However, they all had different numbers of days in a week and different numbers of hours in a day. In 1584, a scientist called Simon Steveniusstarted to think about a set of measures which used the number ten, but no one was interested in his ideas. About two hundred years later, a group of scientists in Francedecided to use his ideas. They thought of ways to measureeverything using ten. Some of their ideas weren’t popular. One was a new clock which had ten hours a day. The other was a new calendar which had ten days a week. The scientists agreed to use meters to measure length and they worked out how long a metershould be. Then they decided to call one hundredth of a meter a centimeter and a thousand meters a kilometer. 56. People didn’t use the size of their king’s foot or hand to measure things because ________. A. the kings would die B. the king’s foot or hand wasn’t big or small C. it was unclear how big or small a thing really was D. it wasn’t clear what the weight of a thing was 57. People all over the world used the number ten to measure things _______. A. in 1584 B. in the 1780s C. about 200 years ago D. about 200 years later 58. According to the passage, which sentence is right? A. People all over the world used the Sun and the Moon to measure things. B. Some things can’t be measured using the number ten, such as a clock or a calendar. C. Thousands of years ago, people in the world used the same way to measure things. D. Scientists decided to use grams to measure length. 59. The scientists decided to call ______ of a metre a centimere? A. 1/100 B. 100th C. 100 D. 100 times 60. Which is the best title for the passage? A. The way to measure things B. The way to measure time C. The way to measure weight D. The way to measure speed 答案: 56-60 CBBAA B Have you ever had the strange feeling that you were being watched? You turned around and, sure enough, someone was looking right at you! Parapsychologists (灵学家) say that humans have a natural ability to sense when someone is looking at them. To research whether such a “sixth sense” really exists, Robert Baker, a psychologist (心理学家) at the University of Kentucky, did two experiments. In the first one, Baker sat behind unknowing people in public places and stared at the backs of their heads for 5 to 15 minutes. The subjects(受试者)were eating, drinking, reading, studying, watching TV, or working at a computer. Baker made sure that the people could not tell that he was sitting behind them during those periods. Later, when he questioned the subjects, almost all of them said they had no sense that someone was staring at them. For the second experiment, Baker told the subjects that they would be stared at from time to time from behind in a laboratory setting. The people had to write down when they felt they were being stared at and when they weren?t. Baker found that the subjects were no better at telling when they were stared at and when they weren?t. Baker concludes that people do not have the ability to sense when they?re being stared at. If people doubt the of his two experiments, said Baker, “I suggest they repeat the experiments and see for themselves.” 61. What?s the aim of the two experiments for? A. Prove why humans have a sixth sense. B. Explain when people can have a sixth sense. C. Show how people act while being watched in the lab. D. Study whether humans can sense when they are stared at. 62. What sense does Parapsychologists say that humans have to? A. A natural ability. B. A natural staring ability. C. A strange thinking. D. A looking feeling. 63. The underlined word “outcome” in the last paragraph most probably means ________. A. value B. result C. performance D. connection 64. In the second experiment, the subjects _________. A. could tell when they were stared at and when they weren?t. B. couldn?t tell when they were stared at or when they weren?t. C. couldn?t tell when they were stared at but could tell when they weren?t D. could tell when they were stared at but couldn?t tell when they weren?t. 65. What can we learn from the passage? A. People are born with a sixth sense. B. The experiments support parapsychologists? idea. C. The subjects do not have a sixth sense in the experiments. D. People have a sixth sense in all places. 答案: 61-65 DABBC 英语练习3 A 三、完型填空(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分) China is making a plan to put astronauts on the Moon in about 15 years. But before that, a small machine rover (月球车) will be 36 there. Recently, scientists in Shanghai have shown a Moon 37 four years making it. And they hoped to send rover to the public. Scientists said they up the rover to the Moon in the future. What is the rover like? It has six wheels. It is 1.5 meters high and 200 kilograms in weight. It can take videos and pictures of the Moon. It can also 38 Moon soil (泥土) back for studying. The rover can go as 39 as 100 meters an hour. Scientists said it can climb up a small hill. It is smart and can run around the rocks. The Moon is a strange place. According to scientists, the rover needs to be improved. The Moon’s gravity is much smaller than 40 of Earth’s. And the 41there changes greatly. It can be -180?C at night and 150?C in the day. China will take 42 steps to explore the Moon. First, a spaceship will be sent to fly 43 the Moon this year. There won’t be anyone on the spaceship. Then in 2012, a Moon rover will be sent to the Moon. Finally, a spaceship with astronauts will land on the Moon 44 in the year 2017. Many other Chinese scientists are also working hard on developing rovers. It is not clear will be made. All the Chinese people are looking forward to the coming of the when a final 45 day. 36. A. produced B. built C. sent D. chosen 37. A. took B. cost C. used D. spent 38. A. take B. catch C. pick D. bring 39. A. quick B. fast C. slowly D. high 40. A. that B. those C. one D. this 41. A. ground B. temperature C. shape D. air 42. A. both B. three C. all D. two 43. A. around B. into C. under D. after 44. A. sometime B. sometimes C. some time D. some times 45. A. direction B. situation C. action D. decision 答案: 36-40 CDDBA 41-45 BBAAD B 阅读下面短文,然后根据短文内容,从各题所给的四个选项中,选出一个最佳答案,并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。 The weather is closely related(联系) to our life(It is all around us all the time(It is an important part of our lives(We cannot control it, but it often controls how and 46 we live, what we do, what we wear and what we eat(Read this passage and learn 47 about the weather( What is the weather The weather is just the state of the atmosphere 48 any time, such as temperature, wind, 49 , sun, etc( What makes the weather change As we know, not every place on the earth gets the same amount of sunlight(Some places get 50sunlight(So it’s warmer in those places(Some places get little 51 no sunlight in winter(Then those places have colder temperatures(These differences in temperature make the air and water 52 around the earth(The movement helps to take the heat energy from the sun across the earth(So the 53changes( What’s the difference between weather and climate Climate is a place’s weather over a long time(The weather changes from day to day and 54 from hour to hour(It can be sunny in the morning, cold and wet in the afternoon(But the climate changes very55 over lots of years( 46. A. where B. which C. what D. when 47. A. anything B. nothing C. something D. everything 48. A. in B. for C. on D. at 49. A. water B. rain C. plant D. animal 50. A. much B. more C. little D. less 51. A. and B. so C. or D. but 52. A. move B. moves C. moved D. moving 53. A. sun B. earth C. weather D. sunlight 54. A. already B. almost C. ever D. even 55. A. differently B. slowly C. carefully D. easily 答案: 46-50(ACDBB 51-55(CACDB 化学试卷 第 页 (共 6页) 1 肇庆市初中毕业生学业考试 化 学 试 卷 说明:1.全卷共 6页。考试时间 90分钟,满分 100分。 2.答卷前,务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的考生号和姓名填写在答题卡上,用 2B 铅笔将试室号和座位号填涂在答题卡上。 3.请将选择题的答案用 2B 铅笔在答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;如需改动,用橡 皮擦擦干净后,再选涂其他答案。 4.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔在答题卡上指定区域作答;如需改动,先划 掉原来的答案再写上新答案。不准 .. 使用铅笔和涂改液。 5.可能用到的相对原子质量 :H-1 C-12 O-16 S-32 Fe-56 Zn-65 一、选择题(本题包括 14小题,每小题 2分,共 28分。每小题只有一个选项符合题意) 1.下列变化属于化学变化的是 A B C D 2.下列常见物质中,属于氧化物的是 A . NaCl B . Al 2O 3 C . CH 4 D . Cu(OH)2 3.一种元素与另一种元素的本质不同点 ... 是原子的 A .电子数 B .相对质量 C .中子数 D .质子数 4.肇庆是国家环保模范城市,下列行为不利于 ... 我市环境保护的是 A .随意丢弃废电池 B .合理使用农药、化肥 C .回收使用过的塑料、橡胶 D .推广使用无磷洗衣粉、无铅汽油 5 A C 炸药 干冰 CO 2 化学试卷 第 页 (共 6页) 2 6.收获季节一进入四会、广宁、德庆的橘园,就可以闻到柑橘的香味。这是因为 A . 分子在不停运动 B .分子间有间隔 C .分子的质量很小 D .分子还可再分 7 8.下列实验操作正确的是 A .蒸发溶液时,在蒸发皿下垫石棉网 B .用天平称量时左盘放砝码、右盘放药品 C .点燃可燃性气体前,一定要验纯 D . CO 还原 CuO 结束时,先停气、后熄灯 9.莲藕最适宜在弱碱性的土壤中生长。某池塘土壤的 pH=6,莲藕长 势较差,在施用某农家肥后生长很好。这说明该农家肥的 pH A .大于 7 B .小于 7 C .等于 7 D .无法判断 10.某同学用塑料瓶设计了制取并检验 CO 2性质的简易装置(如右图) , 拉动铜丝,把布袋浸入醋酸后有气泡产生。则下面叙述错误 .. 的是 A .蓝色石蕊试纸变红色 B .可以控制反应的发生和停止 C .可验证醋酸比碳酸的酸性弱 D .所用材料体现了资源利用意识 11 则下列表述正确的是 A .未测值为 3g B .丙一定是催化剂 C .乙全部发生了反应 D .甲与乙反应的质量比为 14∶ 3 12.在稀硫酸中加入下列物质(V 为加入溶液的体积) ,其对应曲线变化正确的是 A B C D 13.把等体积、等质量分数的稀硫酸放入两个烧杯中,将两烧杯放在天平的两个托盘上调平, 再同时分别加入相同质量的锌粒和铁粒,则可能观察到的现象是 A .天平指针开始偏向放锌粒的烧杯一边 B .最后只有锌粒有剩余 C .天平指针最终偏向放铁粒的烧杯一边 D .最后只有铁粒有剩余 23 2 2 化学试卷 第 页 (共 6页) 3 的是 二、填空题(本题有 5小题,共 22分) 15. (5分) 2008年北京奥运会的理念是“绿色奥运、科技奥运、人文奥运”,请回答: (1)奥运会将用高科技手段检测兴奋剂,“乙基雌烯醇”(C 20H 32O )是兴奋剂的一种,它 的相对分子质量是 。 (2)奥运吉祥物“福娃”是用纯羊毛纤维织成的,填充物是无毒的“聚酯纤维”,要鉴别 出“福娃”中的羊毛纤维,其最简便的方法是 。 (3)奥运祥云火炬的燃料成份中含有液态丁烷(C 4H 10),则丁烷燃烧的化学方程式 为 。 16. (5分)请根据右图曲线回答: (1) t 1℃时 KNO 3的溶解度是 ,此时其饱和溶液 溶质的质量分数的表达式为 ;图中 A 点的意义 是 。 (2)现有操作步骤:a. 溶解、 b. 加热浓缩、 c. 降温、 d. 过滤、 e. 趁热过滤。若 KNO 3晶体含有少量 NaCl ,提纯 KNO 3的操作步骤是(填序号) ; 若 NaCl 晶体中含有少量的 KNO 3,提纯 NaCl 其操作步骤是(填序号) 。 17. (5分) 2007年 6月 9日, “八国集团首脑会议”一至同意减少温室气体的排放。请根据 右图回答: (1)在物质分类中空气属于 ____________。 (2)用化学式填空:制造化肥并还可以做保护气 的是 ;能供给人类呼吸的是 ;上述“温 室气体”是指 ;温室气体增多的主要原因是 。 空气 氧气 氮气 氩气 水蒸气 CO 2 化学试卷 第 页 (共 6页) 4 18. (4分)高温、碱性溶液、高锰酸钾或次氯酸钠等都可以杀死禽流感病毒。请回答: (1)次氯酸钠 (NaClO)中氯元素的化合价为 ________。 (2)如果用加热高锰酸钾的方法熏蒸鸡舍,则其受热分解的化学方程式为: 。 (3)欲用烧碱配制 200g 2%的 NaOH 溶液用于消毒,现有仪器:药匙、天平、烧杯、玻璃 棒,还缺少的仪器是 (填名称) 。 19. (3分 ) 右图是一罐刚开启的雪碧饮料,请回答: (1)饮料成分中属于有机物的是(填番号) ; (2)从罐内冒出大量的气泡,该现象说明 。 三. (本题有 2小题,共 16分) 20. (8分)依据所学的化学知识回答: (1)下列措施错误 .. 的是 (填番号) :①油锅不慎着火,立即盖上锅盖; ②酸或碱 溶液溅入眼睛里,立即用大量水冲洗; ③室内着火时用湿毛巾捂住口鼻、匍匐前进寻找出口; ④用生石灰处理被酸污染的河水; ⑤室内煤气泄漏,立即关闭煤气瓶阀、并打电话报警。 (2)未成熟水果含鞣酸而具有涩味,脱涩的方法之一是用石灰水浸泡水果。则用生石灰制 成石灰水的化学方程式为 。 (3) 稀释浓硫酸时, 一定要把 沿容器壁慢慢注入 中, 并不断搅 拌,其原因是 。 (4) 2007年 6月 5日,在“南海一号”打捞出的文物中, “鎏金龙纹金手镯”光彩夺目、完 好无损;铜镜表面有铜锈;铁器则锈迹斑斑或荡然无存。这说明金、铜、铁这三种金属的活动性 从强到弱的顺序是(填元素符号) ;以下措施不能 .. 阻止铁器生锈的是(填番 号) :①喷漆、②刷搪瓷、③水洗、④镀一层耐腐蚀金属。 21. (8 D 为黑色固体。 脂肪 析出 2 E 化学试卷 第 页 (共 6页) 5 请回答下列问题: (1)请写出下列物质的化学式: A 、 B 、 C 。 (2)写出下列反应的化学方程式:② ; ④ ;⑤ 。 四、 (本题有 2小题,共 22分) 22. (13分)下图是实验室制取气体的常用仪器。请根据要求填空: (1)图中仪器 A 的名称是 。 (2)某同学用氯酸钾制取、并用排空气法收集一瓶氧气,应选择上图中的仪器(填番 号) ,其化学方程式为 ;若要验证瓶中氧气已集 满,其具体操作和现象为 。 (3)若要制取并收集一瓶 H 2,并使反应能随关随停,应选择上图中的仪器 (填番号。只选一组) 。 (4)某同学要用(3)制得的 H 2(其 中含有水蒸汽)干燥后来还原 CuO 、并 检验产物中有 H 2O 生成,他设计了如右 图所示的实验装置。请你将他设计的装 置补画完整。图中试剂 a 是 ; 试剂 b 是 。 (5)进行实验时,若发现酒精灯里有足够的酒精,却不能点燃,其可能的原因和处理方法是 (至少写出两种) : 。 23. (9分)已知干燥剂“碱石灰”的成份是:CaO 和 NaOH ,在潮湿的空气中极易变质。某 小组的同学对实验室中一瓶放置已久的“碱石灰”进行了如下的探究: (1)甲同学猜想:样品只与空气中的水蒸汽发生了作用,则 NaOH 会 ; CaO 会变 质,其反应的类型为 反应。 5 6 9 化学试卷 第 页 (共 6页) 6 (3)丙同学进行了如下图所示的实验: 图中操作②的名称是 ,操作①、②都要用到玻璃棒,其中操作①玻璃棒的作用 是 ;从操作③的现象分析,溶液 D 中含有的物质是 。 五、 (本题有 2小题,共 12分) 24. (5分)人体缺乏维生素 C (简写“ V C ” )就会患坏血病,哥 伦布探险时的许多船员就因此而死亡。右图所示为某种“维生素 C ” 说明书的一部分。请你回答: (1) “ V C ” 中含有 种元素 。 (2)若正常成人每天对“ V C ”的最低需要量为 60mg 。 ①当 “ V C ” 完全来自右图的 “维生素 C ” , 则每天至少服用 次; ②当“ V C ”完全来自某种新鲜蔬菜(每 1000g 这种蔬菜含 “ V C ” 120mg ) ,则每天至少应食 用这种蔬菜 g 。 (3)取 2片“维生素 C ”溶于水,滴入紫色石蕊试液变红色,说明 “ V C ” 的溶液显 性; 加热该溶液至沸腾, 红色消失, 表明 “ V C ” 受热时易被破坏, 那么在烹调新鲜蔬菜时要减少 “ V C ” 的损失,应采取的措施之一是 。 25. (7分) “黄铜”是铜锌合金,具有较机械性能,比纯铜耐腐蚀,街头许多“金色”饰品 就是用它来制作的。现取 20.0g 某种黄铜投入 100g 某浓度的稀硫酸中,完全反应后剩余的溶液 和残余固体总质量为 119.8g 。请计算: (1)产生氢气的质量为 g 。 (2)这种黄铜中铜的质量分数为多少?剩余溶液中溶质的质量分数是多少?写出计算过程, 结果精确到 0.1%。 化学试卷 第 页 (共 6页) 7 肇庆 2007市年初中毕业生学业评价 化学试题参考答案及评分标准 一、选择题(本题包括 14小题,每小题 2分,共 28分) 1.C 2.B 3.D 4.A 5.B 6.A 7.C 8.C 9.A 10.C 11.D 12.C 13.D 14.D 以下各题的化学方程式,未配平扣 1分,无反应条件扣 1分,该方程扣完为止。 二、填空题(本题有 5小题,共 22分) 15. (5分)(1)(1分) 288 (2) (2分 ) 分别取少量的不同部分的纤维点燃(1分),若闻到烧焦毛发味,生成黑褐色 易碎的小球是羊毛(1分)。 (3)(2分) 2C 4H 10+13O2点燃 8CO 2+10H2O 16. (5分) (1) (3分) bg (无单位 g 不给分) 在 t 2℃时 KNO 3 与 NaCl 的溶解度相同,均为 ag (2) (2分) abcd abe (漏选、错选不给分) 17. (5分 ) (1) (1分)混合物 (2)(3分) N 2 O 2 CO 2 大量燃烧化石燃料(1分) 18. (4分) (1) (1分) +1 (2)(2分) 2KMnO 4===K2MnO 4 + MnO2 + O2↑ (3) (1分)量筒 19. (3分 ) (1)(2分)②④(漏选、错选 1个扣 1分,扣完为止) (2)(1分)随压强的减小, CO 2(或气体)的溶解度减小 三. (本题有 2小题,共 16分) 20. (8分) (1) (1分)⑤ (2) (1分) CaO+H2O==Ca(OH)2 (3) (4分)浓流酸(1分) 水(1分) 浓流酸的密度比水大(1分) ,溶于水放出大量 的热(1分) (4) (2分) Fe Cu Au(1分,顺序错不给分) ③(1分) 21. (8分) (1) (3分 ) Fe Fe 2O 3(或 Fe 2O 3? xH 2O ) H 2 (2) (5分)② Fe2O 3 + 3CO====2Fe + 3CO2 (2分) ④ Fe + CuSO4 === FeSO4 + Cu (1分) ⑤ 3Fe + 2O2 点燃 Fe 3O 4(2分) 四、 (本题有 2小题,共 22分) 22. (13分) (1) (1分)长颈漏斗 (2) (5分)①④⑤⑨(1分。少选、多选、错选均不给分) 2KClO 3=====2KCl+3O2↑ (2分) 用带火星(或燃烧)的木条放在瓶口(1分) ,若火星复燃 △ △ MnO 2 100%100 b b ?+高温 化学试卷 第 页 (共 6页) 8 (或燃烧更旺)则表明氧气已集满(1分) (3) (1分)②③⑥⑦或②③⑤⑧(1分。少选、多选、错选均不给分) (4) (4分)画图见右(导管长进短出 1分;玻璃管左边要有橡胶胶塞,且导管要略伸出橡 胶塞, 1分) a 是浓硫酸(或浓 H 2SO 4, 1 分) b 是无水硫酸铜(或无水 CuSO 4, 1分) (5) (2分)可能是灯芯变干,则抽出灯 芯浸入酒精拉回(或用酒精润湿, 1分) ;可 能是灯芯上部烧焦, 剪去烧焦部分 (1分) [合 理答案均给分。每一种漏说原因、处理方法均不给分 ] 23. (9分) (1) (2分)潮解(1分) 化合(1分) (3) (3分)过滤(1分) 搅拌或加速溶解(1分) 氢氧化钙 [或 Ca(OH)2] (1分) 五、 (本题有 2小题,共 12分) 24. (5分) (1) (1分) 3 (2) (2分)① 3 ② 500 (3) (2分)酸(1分) 凉拌 生食、或少加食醋、或不要高温爆炒、或不要煮过长时间(凡合理答案均给分。 1分) 25. (7分) (1) 0.2 ………………………………………………………………………… .. … (1分 ) (2)设参加反应的锌的质量为 x ,生成的硫酸锌的质量为 y 。 则:Zn + H2SO 4 ==== ZnSO4+ H2↑…………………………………………………… .. (1分 ) 65 161 2 x y 0.2g ………………………………………………… .. (1分 ) x : 65=0.2 : 2 解得: x=6.5g ………………………………………… .. (1分 ) y : 161=0.2 : 2 y=16.1g ………………………… .. …………… .. (1分 ) 黄铜中铜的质量分数为: 20.06.5100%67.5%20.0g g g -?= ………………………… ..(1分 ) 剩余溶液中的 ZnSO 4质量分数: 16.1100%15.1%119.8(206.5) g g g g ?=-- ……… .. (1分 ) 答:这黄铜中铜的质量分数为 67.5%;剩余溶液中硫酸锌的质量分数为 15.1%。 肇庆市 2010年初中毕业生学业考试 数 学 试 题 说明:全卷共 4页,考试时间为 100分钟,满分 120分. 一、选择题(本大题共 10小题,每小题 3分,共 30分.在每小题给出的 4个选项中,只有 一项是符合题目要求的. ) 1. 3-的相反数是 A. 3 B. 3- C. 31 D. 3 1 - 2. 2010年上海世博会首月游客人数超 8030000人次, 8030000用科学记数法表示是 A. 4 10803? B. 5 103. 80? C. 6 1003. 8? D. 7 1003. 8? 3.如图 1,已知 AB ∥ CD ,∠ A =50°,∠ C =∠ E .则∠ C 等于 A. 20° B. 25° C. 30° D. 40° 4.不等式组 ? ??>>-12 1x x 的解集是 A. 31 5.在 Rt △ ABC 中,∠ C = 90°, AC = 9 , sin∠ B =5 3 , 则 AB = A.15 B. 12 C. 9 D. 6 6.已知两圆的半径分别为 1和 4,圆心距为 3,则两圆的位置关系是 A. 外离 B. 外切 C. 相交 D. 内切 7.下列四个几何体中,主视图、左视图与俯视图是全等形的几何体是 A. 球 B. 圆柱 C. 三棱柱 D. 圆锥 8. 一个多边形的内角和是外角和的 2倍,则这个多边形是 A. 四边形 B. 五边形 C. 六边形 D. 八边形 9.袋子中装有 4个黑球 2个白球,这些球除了颜色外都相同,从袋子中随机摸出一个球, 则摸到黑球的概率是 A. 61 B. 21 C. 31 D. 3 2 10.菱形的周长为 4, 一个内角为 60?,则较短的对角线长为 A. 2 B. C. 1 D. 2 1 二、填空题(本大题共 5小题,每小题 3分,共 15分. ) 11.计算 : =?273 1 . 12.如图 2, 点 A 、 B 、 C 都在⊙ O 上,若∠ C =35?, 则∠ AOB 的度数是 ▲ 度. 13.某剧团甲乙两个女舞蹈队的平均身高都是 1.65米 , 甲队身高的方差是 S 2 甲 =1.5, 乙队身 高的方差是 S 2乙 =2.4, 那么两队中身高更整齐的是 队. (填“甲”或 “乙” ) 14. 75°的圆心角所对的弧长是 2.5πcm ,则此弧所在圆的半径是 cm . 15.观察下列单项式: a , 2 2a -, 3 4a , 4 8a -, 5 16a ,?,按此规律第 n 个单项式 是 ▲ . (n 是正整数) 三、解 答 题(本 大 题 共 10小 题 ,共 75分 .解 答 应 写 出 文 字 说 明 ,证 明 过 程 或 演 算 步 骤 . ) 16. (本小题满分 6分) 计算: 0) 8(-+3?tan 30° 1 3-- 17. (本小题满分 6分) 已知一次函数 4-=kx y ,当 2=x 时, 3-=y . (1)求 一次函数的解析式; (2)将该函数的图象向上平移 6个单位,求平移后的图象与 x 轴交点的坐标 . 18. (本小题满分 6分) 图 2 我市某企业向玉树地震灾区捐助价值 26万元的甲、乙两种帐篷共 300顶 . 已知甲种帐 篷每顶 800元,乙种帐篷每顶 1000元,问甲、乙两种帐篷各多少顶? 19. (本小题满分 7分) 如图 3是某中学男田径队队员年龄结构条形统计图,根据图中信息解答下列问题: (1)田径队共有多少人? (2)该队队员年龄的众数和中位数 分别是多少? (3)该队队员的平均年龄是多少? 20. (本小题满分 7分) 先化简,后求值:4 1 2) 211(2 2-+-÷-+x x x x ,其中 5-=x . 21. (本小题满分 7分) 如图 4,四边形 ABCD 是平行四边形, AC 、 BD 交于点 O ,∠ 1 =∠ 2. (1)求证:四边形 ABCD 是矩形; (2)若∠ BOC =120°, AB = 4cm ,求四边形 ABCD 的面积. 22. (本小题满分 8分) 如图 5,已知∠ ACB = 90°, AC =BC , B E⊥ C E于 E , AD ⊥ C E于 D , C E与 AB 相交于 F . (1)求证:△ CEB ≌△ ADC ; (2)若 AD = 9cm , D E = 6cm ,求 B E及 EF 的长. D 图 4 A B C E 图 5 23. (本小题满分 8分) 如图 6是反比例函数 x n y 4 2-= 的图象的一支,根据图象回答下列问题: (1)图象的另一支在哪个象限?常数 n 的取值范围是什么? (2)若函数图象经过点(3, 1) ,求 n 的值; (3)在这个函数图象的某一支上任取点 A (a 1, b 1)和 点 B (a 2, b 2) , 如果 a 1 24. (本小题满分 10分) 如图 7, AB 是⊙ O 的直径, AC 切⊙ O 于点 A ,且 AC=AB, CO 交⊙ O 于点 P , CO 的延长线交⊙ O 于点 F , BP 的延长线交 AC 于点 E ,连接 AP 求证: (1) AF ∥ BE ; (2)△ ACP ∽△ FCA ; (3) CP=AE. 25. (本小题满分 10分) 已知二次函数 12 +++=c bx x y 的图象过点 P (2, 1) . (1)求证:42--=b c ; (2)求 bc 的最大值; (3)若二次函数的图象与 x 轴交于点 A (1x , 0) 、 B (2x , 0) ,△ ABP 的面积是 4 3 ,求 b 的值. A E 图 7 转载请注明出处范文大全网 » 2012广东肇庆中考数学范文三:广东肇庆中考英语阅读完型练习
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