范文一:条件状语从句讲解
条件状语从句讲解
在复合句中,由从句表示的状语叫做状语从句。它可以用来修饰主语中的动词.形容词.副词等。根据它表达的意思,状语从句可以分为时间状语从句,地点状语从句,条件状语从句,比较状语从句,目的状语从句,结果状语从句和让步状语从句等。由连接词if或unless引导的状语从句叫做条件状语从句。
条件状语从句的有关知识
语法引导条件状语从句最常用的连词是if,由if引导的条件状语从句表示在某种条件下某事很可能发生。如:
1 If you ask him, he will help you.如果你请他帮忙,他会帮你的。 2 If you fail in the exam, you will let him down.如果你考试不及格,你会让他失望的。
另外,if从句还表示不可实现的条件或根本不可能存在的条件,也就是一种虚拟的条件或假设,从句多用一般过去时或过去完成时。
如: If I were you, I would invite him to the party.
如果我是你,我会邀请他参加聚会。
I would have arrived much earlier if I had not been caught in the traffic.
如果没有堵车,我会到的早一点儿。
那么,除了if之外,是否还有其他连词也可以引导条件状语从句呢?回答是肯定的,不仅有,还有很多。这些词由于出现的频率较小,且用法较复杂一些,所以不如if为大家所熟知罢了。
下面就这些词的用法以例句的形式进行一下简单总结。
1、unless conj.除非,若不,除非在??的时候
You will fail to arrive there in time unless you start earlier. 如果你不早点动身,你就不能及时赶到那儿。
Unless it rains, the game will be played.
除非下雨,比赛将照常进行。
2、on condition(that)...在??条件下,如果 on condition (that)...
引导的条件从句是主句事件发生的前提条件或唯一条件。
3、I can tell you the truth on condition that you promise to keep a secret.
我可以告诉你真相,条件是你答应保守秘密。
You can go swimming on condition (that) you don't go too far from the river bank.你只有在不远离河岸的条件下才可以下水游泳。
4、supposing conj.如果,假如 supposing引导的条件从句表示一种假设条件。 Supposing it rains, shall we continue the sports meeting?倘若下雨,我们的运动会还要继续举行吗?
Supposing something should go wrong, what would you do then?假如出了什么问题,你准备怎么对付?
5、provided conj.假如,除非,以??为条件 provided (that) +从句表示一种假设条件。
He will sign the contract provided we offer more favorable terms.如果我们提出更优惠的条件,他就会在合同上签字。
He won't be against us in the meeting provided that we ask for his advice in advance.如果我们提前征求一下他的意见,他就不会在会上反对我们。
从上述例句可以看出if, unless, on condition (that), supposing, provided等词引导的条件状语从句,主从句条件关系分明,结构清晰。
但有些句子,虽没有含条件关系的连词,却也隐含着条件关系,这些句子常用一些词,如but for, without等引出一个介词结构来表示条件,条件常常是虚拟的,或与事实相反的假设。
如: but for若非,要不是
But for the rain, we should have a pleasant journey.要不是下雨,我们的旅行肯定会很愉快。 But for your help,we should not have finished in time.要不是你帮忙,我们肯定不能及时完成任务
经典语句:If it doesn't rain tomorrow,we will go to the zoo. If you open the door,i will come in.
条件状语从句就是用以表示“在某种条件下,会??”常用if ,in case , on
condition等词来引导连接词主要有if, unless, as/so long as, on condition that,provided,suppose,supposing 等。主句用一般将来时,if或unless引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时。
unless = if...not.
e.g. Let's go out for a walk unless you are too tired. If you are not too tired, let's go out for a walk.
if 引导的条件句有真实条件句和非真实条件句两种:
真实条件句, 如:If it rains tomorrow, we won’t go on a picnic. 非真实条件句是虚拟语气的一种,表示与事实相反,
如: If I were you, I would go with him. so/as long as只要 由as (so) long as, in case引导。 So long as you’re happy, it doesn’t matter what you do. 只要你高兴,你做什么都没有关系。 You may borrow my book as long as you keep it clean. 只要你保持书的清洁,你就可以把我的书借去。 Take your umbrella in case it rains. 带着你的伞吧,以防下雨。
引导条件状语从句的连词有:if(如果),unless(除非;如果不),as long as(除非;只要),supposing(假设),on condition that(条件是),in case(如果)。
1学习条件状语从句应注意以下几点: (1)条件状语从句中一般不使用将来时态,尽管主句使用将来时态,而从句用一般现在时或现在完成时。
(2)注意条件状语:从句在虚拟语气中的使用。
范文二:条件状语从句讲解
状语句从要用来主修主句饰主或的谓语。句一般可分为九大类,分表示时间、地别点原因、、目、结果的、条、让步件比较、方和。尽式种类较管多但,于由状语句与汉语从构结和法相似,所以用理解掌和它握并难不。状从语的关句是键掌握要导不同状语从引句常用连接的词和殊特连的词接考点即 。分现别列举下如:
1时、状语间句从
常用
导引词when, :s,aw ilhe a, soon sas,whil , eefbroe, ftea, risnc e t,il,l ntuil
特 引殊词:th导 eimune,tt hemo emtn t,e hesocn,d vere timye,t he aydthe ,istnat,ni mmdiateeyl, d recity,ln soooern… th na, ardlyh… henw, scacrley… hew
n
dIdn'i realizeth owspec al myi omhtre wsau tiln Iecbam ea anudl.
t W hie John wla swacthig Tn, his wiVe waf scooknig.
T e hchlirend rn aaayw rfm the orochra(果d园 the m)mone thtey sa whet gardu.
N os oone rha Id rarviedhome hat nt bieangt o rin.a
E vrye imt Iel sitnet ooyr audicev I ge,t into rtoulbe
.
2、 地点语状从句
常
引导用词:hewer
殊特引导词w:erheev,ran where, yeveyrhwree
Generally,
ar wiil le behvilyap olutldewh ere tehe rraefa tcrieso.
W
hreeev yrou go, yu sohuld woor khad.r
3、 因状原语从
句 用引导常:b词caeus, sinee, cas for
,
特殊引导词 :seiegnth t,ano that, wnit hta,c osiderinng tha,tg ivn teah, ctosnideirgn htta a,s mchuas s,omuch as
My firneds isdlkiem eebaucseI 'mha dsnoe amndsu cecssufl
.
Nwo tah etvrybedo yah comse l,tes' bgie onurco nerfnce.
e
hTe hghie inroce tmx isa ahmfrl uni hattit m ay isdourace peoglpef orm rtynig toe ran mor.
e
Co nisderin ghat tehis no mo er tanh1 2 yeras ld,oh ish eigth of .80 m1i s quti ereamkabrel.
4、的目状语从句
用引常导:so t词at,h in orer dthat
特
殊导引词:let,si nasec for ,ear thafti,n theh opet ht,afo rhtep rpuso ethat, o the etnd taht
The bos
s akse dthese rcetar yo htrruyu pwth theile ttrse ost ha the ocldu sign hemt
.
Th
et eacer hairse dhsi vocie o npuproe shat the tsudtnet snith baec ckulod ehra more lecalry
.5、 结果语从状
句常 引导用词:os htat, s… toha, sucht …th ta,
特
引导词殊s:cu thaht, to th eegrdee hat,tt the exoetnt hatt to, usc ha edgre ehtt,a
eH og ut ps oealyr hta he ctauhgtthe firt buss.
I
't susc a hgoo dhcacen tat hew msut ntomi s it.
s
T
ouchs a nderge waeshe xciteed hatthe c ould't sleep naltsn ihtg
.
6 、件条状从句
语
常用引导 :i词f u,nesl,s
特 殊引词:导asso/l no asg,on ly if pr,vodiin/grovpdie dtat, husppose htat,in ca e tshta,o nc ondtiio thant
W 'll etsrt oaur porject if teh resipdetn graees.
Yo wuil lerctialyn ucseec sod ongla soyu kep one rytng.i
Porvded thit theraei snoo ppostiion w,es hla lhld
o
th meeteni gher.e
7、让步状语从句
用引导常词th:oghu,al htuoh,ge env if,e ev thonug
h
特 殊导引: 词sa(在让步状语用句中从须要必装),倒wihel( 一般 在用首 )句,n oattemr …, in pstei fo het fct taaht ,hwie, whalteer,v wheoevr,w hervee, wrehneve,rh owevre, hiwcheer
v
M uc ah s Irseepct ihm, Ican t a'rge et ohis prpoosl.a
尽我很尊敬管,他我 却同意他不建议的
。
T e hld maona waysl enjys sowimimngev e nhtouh ghte ewather i sougr.
h
N motate howrh radhe ritd,e seh ocld unt ohacne hgre min.
d
He own't lstine wahteevryou may sa.
y
8、较比状从句
语
用引常导:a词s(同级较),比 hant(不程同度比较)的
殊特导引词:te mhoe … tre horem… ju;tsas … ,s o…; A is otB hatw /s Xai sto ;Yn … mooe rtha; nont so mAcuhas B
S
ehis a s abd-emptree ds aehrm ohter.
T eh huoesi tsreheti mse s big aasours.
T he mor yoe euxecirs,e th eehaltheri oy wiullbe.
Fo d is ot men woht oia li stom acine. 食物h于人,之犹如之油机于。器
9、方式语从状
句
用常引导词:as,as i f,h o
w
殊特引导:词thew y
a
Whn ienR oem,d ao ths eRoamn d.o
S ehb eavehda sifs he ere whte obss.
omSteiem we tsech aour hicdrln tee hway ou prraetsn hve taaugt hs.
u
范文三:条件状语从句讲解
状语从句主?要用来修饰?主句或主句?的谓语。一?般可分为九?大类,分别?表示时间、?地点、原因?、目的、结?果、条件、?让步、比较?和方式。尽?管种类较多?,但由于状?语从句与汉?语结构和用?法相似,所?以理解和掌?握它并不难?。状语从句?的关键是要?掌握引导不?同状语从句?的常用连接?词和特殊的?连接词即考?点。 现分?别列举如下?:
?1、时间状?语从句
? 常用引?导词:wh?en, a?s, wh?ile, ?as so?on as?, whi?le, b?efore?, aft?er, s?ince ?, til?l, un?til
? 特殊引?导词:th?e min?ute, ?the m?oment?, the? seco?nd, e?very ?time,? the ?day,t?he in?stant?, imm?ediat?ely ,? dire?ctly,? no s?ooner? … th?an, h?ardly? …whe?n, sc?arcel?y … w?hen
? I d?idn't? real?ize h?ow sp?ecial? my m?other? was ?until? I be?came ?an ad?ult. ?
Wh?ile J?ohn w?as wa?tchin?g TV,? his ?wife ?was c?ookin?g.
? The ?child?ren r?an aw?ay fr?om th?e orc?hard(?果园) t?he mo?ment ?they ?saw t?he gu?ard. ?
No? soon?er ha?d I a?rrive?d hom?e tha?n it ?began? to r?ain.
?
Ev?ery t?ime I? list?en to? your? advi?ce, I? get ?into ?troub?le.
? 2、地?点状语从句?
常?用引导词:?where?
特?殊引导词:?where?ver, ?anywh?ere, ?every?where?
G?enera?lly, ?air w?ill b?e hea?vily ?pollu?ted w?here ?there? are ?facto?ries.?
W?herev?er yo?u go,? you ?shoul?d wor?k har?d.
? 3、原因?状语从句
?
常用?引导词:b?ecaus?e, si?nce, ?as, f?or
? 特殊引导?词:see?ing t?hat, ?now t?hat, ?in th?at, c?onsid?ering? that?, giv?en th?at, c?onsid?ering? that?, as ?much ?as, s?o muc?h as
?
My? frie?nds d?islik?e me ?becau?se I'?m han?dsome? and ?succe?ssful?.
?Now t?hat e?veryb?ody h?as co?me, l?et's ?begin? our ?confe?rence?.
?The h?igher? inco?me ta?x is ?harmf?ul in? that? it m?ay di?scour?age p?eople? from? tryi?ng to? earn? more?.
?Consi?derin?g tha?t he ?is no? more? than? 12 y?ears ?old, ?his h?eight? of 1?.80 m? is q?uite ?remar?kable?.
?4、目的状?语从句
? 常用引?导词:so? that?, in ?order? that?
特?殊引导词:?lest,? in c?ase, ?for f?ear t?hat,i?n the? hope? that?, for? the ?purpo?se th?at, t?o the? end ?that
?
Th?e bos?s ask?ed th?e sec?retar?y to ?hurry? up w?ith t?he le?tters? so t?hat h?e cou?ld si?gn th?em.
? The? teac?her r?aised? his ?voice? on p?urpos?e tha?t the? stud?ents ?in th?e bac?k cou?ld he?ar mo?re cl?early?.
?5、结果状?语从句
? 常用引?导词:so? that?, so…? that?, suc?h … t?hat,
?
?ch a ?degre?e tha?t, 特殊?引导词:s?uch t?hat, ?to th?e deg?ree t?hat, ?to th?e ext?ent t?hat, ?to su
? He g?ot up? so e?arly ?that ?he ca?ught ?the f?irst ?bus.
?
It?'s su?ch a ?good ?chanc?e tha?t we ?must ?not m?iss i?t.
? To s?uch a?n deg?ree w?as he? exci?ted t?hat h?e cou?ldn't? slee?p las?t nig?ht.
? 6、条?件状语从句?
常?用引导词:?if, u?nless?,
?特殊引导词?:as/s?o lon?g as,? only? if, ?provi?ding/?provi?ded t?hat, ?suppo?se th?at, i?n cas?e tha?t, on? cond?ition? that?
W?e'll ?start? our ?proje?ct if? the ?presi?dent ?agree?s.
? You ?will ?certa?inly ?succe?ed so? long? as y?ou ke?ep on? tryi?ng.
? Pro?vided? that? ther?e is ?no op?posit?ion, ?we sh?all h?old t?he me?eting? here?.
?7、让步状?语从句
? 常用引?导词:th?ough,? alth?ough,? even? if, ?even ?thoug?h
?特殊引导词?: as(?用在让步状?语从句中必?须要倒装)?,whil?e ( 一?般用在句首? ),no? matt?er …,? in s?pite ?of th?e fac?t tha?t, wh?ile, ?whate?ver, ?whoev?er, w?herev?er, w?henev?er, h?oweve?r, wh?ichev?er
? Much? as I? resp?ect h?im, I? can'?t agr?ee to? his ?propo?sal. ?
尽管?我很尊敬他?, 我却不?同意他的建?议。
? The ?old m?an al?ways ?enjoy?s swi?mming? even? thou?gh th?e wea?ther ?is ro?ugh. ?
No? matt?er ho?w har?d he ?tried?, she? coul?d not? chan?ge he?r min?d.
? He w?on't ?liste?n wha?tever? you ?may s?ay.
? 8、比?较状语从句?
常?用引导词:?as(同级?比较), ?than(?不同程度的?比较)
? 特殊引?导词:th?e mor?e … t?he mo?re … ?; jus?t as ?…, so?…; A ?is to? B wh?at /a?s X i?s to ?Y; no? … mo?re th?an; n?ot A ?so mu?ch as? B
bad-?tempe?red a?s her? moth?er. ? She ?is as?
? The? hous?e is ?three? time?s as ?big a?s our?s.
? The ?more ?you e?xerci?se, t?he he?althi?er yo?u wil?l be.?
F?ood i?s to ?men w?hat o?il is? to m?achin?e. 食物?之于人,犹?如油之于机?器。
? 9、方式?状语从句
?
常用?引导词:a?s, as? if, ?how
? 特殊引?导词:th?e way?
W?hen i?n Rom?e, do? as t?he Ro?man d?o.
? She ?behav?ed as? if s?he we?re th?e bos?s.
? Some?times? we t?each ?our c?hildr?en th?e way? our ?paren?ts ha?ve ta?ught ?us.
?
?
范文四:条件状语从句讲解
条件状语从句
我们知道, 引导条件状语从句最常用的连词是if, 由if引导的条件状语从句表示
在某种条件下某事很可能发生。如:
If you ask him, he will help you. 如果你请他帮忙, 他会帮你的。
If you fail in the exam, you will let him down.
另外, if从句还表示不可实现的条件或根本不可能存在的条件, 也就是一种虚拟
的条件或假设, 从句多用一般过去时或过去完成时。如:
If I were you, I would invite him to the party. I would have arrived much earlier if I had not been caught in the traffic. 如果没有堵车, 我会到的早一点儿。
其他的连词:
1.unless conj. 除非, 若不, 除非在…的时候
You will fail to arrive there in time unless you start earlier.
如果你不早点动身, 你就不能及时赶到那儿。
Unless it rains, the game will be played. 除非下雨, 比赛将照常进行。
2. on condition (that)...在……条件下, 如果; on condition (that)...引导的条件从句
是主句事件发生的前提条件或唯一条件。
I can tell you the truth on condition that you promise to keep a secret.
我可以告诉你真相, 条件是你答应保守秘密。
You can go swimming on condition (that) you don’t go too far from the river bank.
你只有在不远离河岸的条件下才可以下水游泳。
3. supposing conj. 如果, 假如
supposing引导的条件从句表示一种假设条件
Supposing it rains, shall we continue the sports meeting? 倘若下雨, 我们的运动会还要继续举行吗?
Supposing something should go wrong, what would you do then? 假如出了什么问题, 你准备怎么对付?
Supposing it rains, shall we continue the sports meeting? 倘若下雨, 我们的运动会还要继续举行吗?
Supposing something should go wrong, what would you do then? 假如出了什么问题, 你准备怎么对付?
4. provided conj.假如,除非,以……为条件
provided (that) +从句表示一种假设条件。
He will sign the contract provided we offer more favorable terms.
如果我们提出更优惠的条件, 他就会在合同上签字。
He won’t be against us in the meeting
provided that we ask for his advice in
advance.
如果我们提前征求一下他的意见, 他就不会在会上反对我们。
另外还有in case, as/so long as
In case it rains, do not expect me.
如若下雨, 就不要等我了。
As long as you promise to come, I’ll wait for you until you come. 只要你答应, 我就等你来。
从上述例句可以看出if, unless, on condition (that), supposing, provided等词引导的条件状语从句,主从句条件关系分明, 结构清晰。
在条件状语从句中, 用一般现在时代替一般将来时, 一般过去时代替过去将来时。
范文五:条件状语从句语法讲解
If you will wait a minute ,I’ll go and tell my mother that you are here . 如果你愿意等一会的话,我去告诉我妈妈你来了。
试比较下列句子:
If you see him tomorrow ,give him this book .
如果你明天去看他,给他这本书。
If you will see him tomorrow ,give him this book .
如果你明天愿意去看他,给他这本书。
2)unless引导的条件句,表示强烈的否定。翻译为“除非……”。“非……不可。” I shan’t go unless he asks me . 他不来请我我就不去。
You will fail unless you work harder . 你不努力就会失败的。
Don’t come unless I call you . 我不叫你就别来 。
(注意) unless 从句里的谓语只能是肯定式 ,因为本身unless表示否定。 误 : Unless you do not work ,you will fail .
正 :Unless you work hard ,you will fail .
正 :If you don’t work hard ,you will fail .