范文一:乐清中学提前招生
乐清中学提前招生语文试题卷
一、语文知识积累与运用(24分)
1、 根据下面语境,为空格处选择一组合适的词语。(2分)
长城的城墙是黑灰色的,浓重中透着一种 ▲ ;故宫的宫墙是朱砂色的,深沉中显出一种 ▲ 。它们毕竟都已成为历史。我更喜欢的是近年来并肩崛起的新楼宇和好些纵横飞扬的立交桥,它们的色彩趋于明快、 ▲ 、奔放,因而也更使人感到。
A 、 冷清 威势 粗犷 亲热 B 、冷静 威力 热忱 亲密
C 、 冷峻 威严 热烈 亲近 D 、冷寂 威风 绚丽 亲切
2、 认真阅读下面这段话,至少找出三处错误并改正。(3分)
①记者就消费者投诉中十大最难解决的问题,②对商家进行了采访,③意在倾听消费者的呼声和众商家的心迹,④搭起一座沟通的桥梁。⑤大家期待:今天“3.15”,明天“3.15”,天天过节。
第 处: ▲
第 处: ▲
第 处:
3、 古诗文名句默写。(①-⑥题必做,⑦⑧两题任选一题)(8分) ① ▲ ,志在千里。(曹操《龟虽寿》)
②大漠孤烟直, ▲ 。(王维《使至塞上》)
③ ▲ ,天光云影共徘徊。(朱熹《观书有感》)
④人生自古谁无死, ▲ 。(文天祥《过零丁洋》)
⑤予独爱莲之出淤泥而不染, ▲ 。(周敦颐《爱莲说》)
⑥人生常常面临各种各样的选择。当“义”和“生”不能两全时,我们应当像孟子《鱼我所欲也》中所说的那样“ ▲ ”。
⑦《诸葛亮集》中有这样的话:“赏不可不平,罚不可不均”,这与《出师表》中的“ ▲ , ▲ ”意思一致。
⑧“思乡情结”是古诗文中的一大主题,请写出两句与“思乡”有关的古诗句: 。
。
4、 根据下面这段文字的意思,仿照划线句的句式,用举例的方法扩展语句。(4分)
翻开古代诗文,你可以一一品味诗人们深邃的思想和炽热的情感,继而有所思,有所悟。读王维、孟浩然,你懂得了什么是钟情山水; ▲ , 。
读着,品着,你已经和诗人们融为一体了,潜移默化中提高了自己的品德修养和审美情趣。
5、 请你参加下面的语文综合性学习活动,按要求完成后面的题目。(7分)
为迎接2008北京奥运会,你们学校要举办一次大型文化艺术节,同学们都以极高的热情积极筹备。
①请你结合校情,为这次文化艺术节活动确定一句主题语,要求是简洁、形象的一句话或一个短语。(包括标点符号,不超过10个字。)□□□□□□□□□□
②这次文化艺术节中有一个活动是主题演讲比赛,请你拟写一张海报,吸引广大同学参与。
二、 现代文阅读(12分)
请认真阅读下面的文章,完成6—10题。
图画与人生
丰子恺
在中国,图画观念错误的人很多。其错误就由于上述的真和美的偏废而来,故有两种。
第一种偏废美的,把图画看作照相,以为描画的目的但求描得细致,描得像真的东西一样。称赞一幅画好,就说“描得很像”。批评一幅画坏,就说“描得不像”。这就是求真而不求美,但顾实用而不顾欣赏,是错误的。图画并非不要描得像,但像之外又要它美,没有美丽只有像,顶多只抵得一张照相。现在照相机很便宜,三五块钱也可以买一只。我们又何苦费许多宝贵的钟头来把自己的头脑造成一架只值三五块钱的照相机呢?这是偏废了美的错误。
第二种偏废真的,把图画看作“琴棋书画”的画。以为“画画儿”是一种娱乐,是一种游戏,是消遣的。于是上图画课的时候,不肯出力,只思享乐。形状还描不正确,就要讲画意。颜料还不会调,就想制作品。这都是把图画看作“琴棋书画”的画的缘故。原来弹琴、写字、描画,都是高深的艺术。不知哪一个古人,把“下棋”这种玩意儿凑在里头,于是琴、书、画三者都带了娱乐的、游戏的、消遣的性质,降低了它们的地位,这实在是亵渎艺术!“下棋”这一件事,原也很难;但其效用也不过像叉麻雀,消磨光阴,排遣无聊而已,不能同音乐、绘画、书法排在一起。倘使下棋可算是艺术,叉麻雀也变成艺术,学校里不妨添设一科“麻雀”了。但我国有许多人,的确把音乐、图画看成与麻雀相近的东西。这正是“琴棋书画”的流弊。现代的青年,非改正这观点不可。
图画为什么和下棋、叉麻雀不同呢?就是为了图画有一种精神——图画的精神,可以陶冶我们的心。这就是拿描图画一样的真又美的精神来应用在人的生活上。怎样应用呢?我们可拿数学来作比方:数学的四则问题中,有龟鹤问题:龟
鹤同住在一个笼里,一共几个头,几只脚,求龟鹤各几只?又有年龄问题:几年前父年为子年的几倍,几年后父年为子年的几倍?这种问题中所讲的事实,在人生中难得逢到。有谁高兴真个把乌龟同鹤关在一只笼子里,教人猜呢?又有谁真个要算父年为子年的几倍呢?这原不过是要借这种奇奇怪怪的问题来训练人的头脑,使头脑精密起来。然后拿这精密的头脑来应用在人的一切生活上。我们又可拿体育中有跳高、跳远、掷铁球、掷铁饼等武艺为例。这些武艺在我们日常生活中也很少用处,有谁常要跳高、跳远,有谁常要掷铁球、铁饼呢?这原不过是要借这些武艺来训练人的体格,使体格强健起来。然后拿这强健的体格去做人生一切的事业。图画就同数学和体育一样。人生不一定要画苹果、香蕉、花瓶、茶壶。原不过是要借这种研究来训练人的眼睛,使眼睛正确而又敏感,真而又美。然后拿这真和美来应用在人的物质生活上,使衣食住行都美化起来;应用在人的精神生活上,使人生的趣味丰富起来。这就是所谓“艺术的陶冶”。
图画原不过是“看看”的。但因为眼睛是精神的嘴巴,美术是精神的粮食,图画是美术的本位,故“看看”这件事在人生竟有了这般重大的意义。今天在收音机旁听我讲演的人,大家一定是有一双眼睛的,请各自体验一下,看我的话有没有说错。
(节选自丰子恺作品集《静观人生》,略有增删)
6、 作者认为“偏废美”和“偏废真”的错误分别是什么?(4分)
答: ▲ 。
7、 请简要回答图画和下棋、叉麻雀的不同在哪里?(2分)
8、 “图画的精神”是什么?(2分)
9、 文章谈论的是一个什么问题?(2分)
10、文章运用了哪些论证方法?(2分)
答:三、古诗文阅读(20分)
11、阅读下面一首唐诗,按要求回答问题。(8分)
江南春
杜 牧
千里莺啼绿映红,水村山郭酒旗风。
南朝四百八十寺,多少楼台烟雨中。
(1)“绿映红”的意思是 ▲ ,“绿”、“红”用的是 ▲ 的修辞手法。(2分)
(2)诗的前两句写了七种意象,它们是 ▲ 。(2分)
(3)明代杨慎在《升庵诗话》里说:“千里莺啼,谁人听得?千里绿映红,谁人见得?若作十里,则莺啼绿红之景,村郭、楼台、僧寺、酒旗皆在其中矣。”
你同意这个观点吗?并请结合原诗说说你的理由。(4分)
请认真阅读下面的文章,完成12—16题。(12分)
毁树容易栽树难
《韩非子》 夫杨,横树之即生,倒树之即生,折而树之又生。然使十人树之,而一人拔之,则毋生杨。夫以十人之众,树易生之杨。而不胜一人者,何也?树之难而去之易也。
12、解释下列句中加点的字(4分) ①夫杨,横树之即生 ▲ ②折而树之又生 ▲ ③则毋生杨 ▲ ④而不胜一人者 ▲
13、下列句中加点字的意思相同的一项是( )(2分) A 然使十人树之 而不胜一人者
汉使使通西域 予观夫巴陵胜状
C 而一人拔之,则毋生杨 树之难而去之易也
君将哀而生之乎 西蜀之去南海
14、下列加点的“之”字用法相同的一项是( ▲ )(2分)
①夫杨,横树之即生 ②树易生之杨
③吾欲之南海,何如 ④曾不能损魁父之丘
A 、①② B 、③④ C 、①③ D 、②④
15、用现代汉语翻译文中画线的句子(2分)
翻译: ▲ 。
16、这段文字说明了一个什么道理(2分)
四、习字(4分)
17、抄写冰心这首诗,标点占一格。
无限的神秘。何处寻他?微笑之后,言语之前,便是无限的神秘了。
18、阅读下面这则材料,根据要求作文。
美国著名喜剧演员戴维·布瑞纳中学毕业时,向父亲求助。父亲送给他一枚硬币,并告诉他:“用这枚硬币买一张报纸,一字不漏地读一遍,然后翻到广告栏,自己找一个工作,到处去闯一闯。”后来,戴维·布瑞纳经过艰苦奋斗取得了成功。这位明星在回首往事时,认为父亲的那枚硬币是“最好的礼物”。
可惜的是现在有许多做父母的不懂这个道理。
据报载,某一位暴富起来的家长,将5万元人民币划入他那还在读初一的独生子的账上,造就了一个小“款爷”。于是,这孩子上学路上雇同学代背书包,作业也雇成绩好的同学代做。结果在学校占了两个第一:存款第一,学习成绩倒数第一。……
请以“最好的礼物”为话题写一篇文章。可以记叙见闻、经历,谈谈体验、感受,讲述故事,发表议论,展开想像,抒发感情等等。
要求:(1)题目自拟,文体自选。
(2)文章不少于600字(如写诗歌不少于20行)。
(3)文中不得出现真实的地名、校名、人名。
范文二:2013乐清中学实验班提前招生英语试卷
2013乐清中学实验班提前招生英语试卷
一(单项选择题(15%)
( )1. I called Hannah may times yesterday evening, but I couldn’t get through. Her
brother ___ on the phone all the time!
A. was talking B. has been talking C. has talked D. talked ( )2. the website of the Fire Department in your city, and you will learn a
lot about firefighting.
A. Having searched B. To search C. Searching D. Search ( )3.____ the project as planned, we’ll have to work two more hours a day.
A. Completing B. Complete C. Completed D. To complete. ( )4.---Do you have any problems if you __this job?
Well, I’m thinking about the salary… ---
A. offer B. will offer C. are offered D. will be offered ( )5. Have you heard news? The price of ___ petrol is going
up again~
A. the, the B. 不填,the C. the, 不填 D. 不填,不填
( )6 .The trees ___ in the storm have been moved off the road.
A. being blown down B. blown down
C. blowing down D. to blow down
( )7.---When did you last hear_____ Jay?
---He phoned me this morning, and we agreed____ a time and place to meet.
A of, to B about, with C. from, with D. from, on ( )8. It is reported that the floods have left about people homeless.
A. two thousand B. two-thousands
B. C. two thousands D. two thousands of
( )9. The open-air celebration has been put off the bad weather.
A. in case of B. in spite of C. instead of D. because of ( )10. by a greater demand for vegetables, farmers have built more green
houses.
A. Driven B. Being driven C. To drive D. Having driven ( )11. If you don’t want to let us down, do believe yourself!
A. come up with ideas B. be more confident
C. be more outgoing D. pay more attention
( )12. Although I work hard, I still have trouble learning English.
A. find English hard to study B. concentrate more on English
C. learn English very well D. find it easy to learn English ( )13. Mr. Huang is impressed by his hard work at his English.
A. worried B. moved C. excited D. surprised
( )14. I can’t understand every word when my teacher speaks. What should I do?
-- Don’t sorry, It’s really not important if you don’t understand every word.
A. I’m not sure B. Take it easy
C. It doesn’t matter D. Keep on listening
( )15. Take the elevator to the second floor. Go past the bank, you can find the
bookstore.
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A. Go by B. Pass through C. Pass D. Pass by
二(完形填空(15%)
阅读下面短文,从短文后所给的四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选
项。
You say you want my advice about reading. Perhaps the following are pieces of advice that I hope you’ll find 16 .
If the book is in English, that may 17 slow progress for you. But I don’t
advise you to read too 18 . when I was living in Tokyo, I used to go to Kanda, where the 19 bookshops are. The shelves were full of English books. The 20 twenty or thirty pages many of them had their margins filled with penciled notes and there were lots of words and phrases underlined. The 21 , probably
university students, had started out very 22 , determined to master the books.
Then, as I turned the pages over. I found the reader had 23 his attempt.
I suppose that’s common experience in many countries with books 24 a
foreign language. The reader starts out, full of hope. But they 25 to look up
unknown words in a dictionary, perhaps ten or even twenty times a page, tired him out.
Therefore, don’t start reading a book 26 you see, from the first few
pages, that it’s 27 you can read and understand easily. Don’t try to run before
you can walk. Don’t 28 reading the whole chapter quickly. 29 you’ll find
the unknown word comes again, perhaps several times. And by the end of the chapter you’ll have 30 its meaning. That’s how we learn the meaning of
words in our own language, isn’t it?
( ) 16.A. interesting B. special C. useful D. different ( ) 17. A. take B. make C. keep D. mean ( ) 18. A. quickly B. loudly C. directly D. slowly ( ) 19. A. secondhand B. large C. old D. modern ( ) 20 A. last B. first C. next D. middle ( ) 21.A. librarians B. booksellers C. owners D. students ( ) 22. A. seriously B. carelessly C. slowly D. clearly ( ) 23. A. carried on B. given up C. tried out D. put off ( ) 24. A. with B. in C. by D. for ( ) 25. A. chance B. difficulty C. decision D. need ( ) 26. A. if B. unless C. when D. though ( ) 27. A. something B. all C. one D. nothing ( ) 28 A. start B. enjoy C. try on D. stop ( ) 29. A. Suddenly B. Quite often C. Every time D. Later on ( ) 30 A. guessed B. expected C. noticed D. chosen 三(阅读理解(32%)
A
The sky usually looks like blue. But if you went to the top of the highest mountain, where there is less air between you and the sun to scatter the sunlight, the sky would be dark blue. And if you rode in a spaceship high above the earth, where there is no air at all to scatter the sunlight, the sky would be so dark that it would be black.
Sometimes the sky doesn't look blue. At sunrise and sunset, the light from the sun sometimes is scattered in such a way that you see red, orange, and other colours in the sky.
( )31. Sometimes the sky doesn't look blue because______.
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A. the sun always rises in the east
B. the sun always in the west
C. the air in the sky has different colours
D. the light from the sun is scattered in a different way
( )32. Which of the following is the best title for the story?
A. The Sky Looks Blue B. Why the Sky Looks Colorful
C. The Beautiful Sunlight D. Something about the Air
B
阅读短文,根据短文内容选择正确答案。
China's Workforce Now at 540 Million
(Xinhua)China now has 540 million workers,47 percent of the total population,according to the recent fourth population census.
The figure shows that the working population is now at a peak,so it is urgent
for the country to employ these rich labour resources in economic construction.
Experts usually regard men between the ages of 15 and 59,and women
between 15 and 54,as people capable of working. The employed workforce is the total number employed among those capable of working.
According to the census,the employment rates for the three age groups,20 to
24;25 to 29;and 30 to 34,are respectively 91,94. 4 and 94. 9. The
unemployment rate in urban areas for people over 15 years of age is 2.5 percent.
The survey has also shown that China's workforce has become younger. Its
average age is 33. 7 years and about 50 percent of the employed workers are under
30.
It is reckoned by the experts that younger workers are easy to teach new and
modern technologies and management too.
But they lack experience compared with old workers. They urge enterprises to
strengthen technical training among young workers and promote vocational education with the aim of improving workers’ quality.
( )33. What is the population of China according to the fourth population census,
A. It is about 540 million. B. It is about 1,180 million.
C. It's about 1,150 million. D. It's about 270 million.
( )34. Experts take the men ________ as workforce.
A. from 15 to 54 B. from 15 to 59
C. from 25 to 29 D. from 20 to 24
( )35. There are 94. 4, of people at work among the age group ________.
A.20 to 24 B. 25 to 29 C. 30 to 34 D. 24 to 39
( )36. The young workers should ________.
A. be learning technologies B. be training themselves
C. be improving their quality D. be urging themselves ( )37. In cities the rate of people who lose their jobs for more than ________ years
is 2.5 percent.
A. 33. 7 B. 25 C. 20 D. 15
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C
Tell a story and tell it well, and you may open wide the eyes of a child, open up lines of communication in a business, or even open people’s mind to another
culture or race.
People in many places are digging up the old folk stories and the messages in them. For example, most American storytellers get their tales from a wide variety of sources, cultures, and times. They regard storytelling not only as a useful tool in child education, but also as a meaningful activity that helps adults understand themselves as well as those whose culture may be very different from their own.
“Most local stories are based on a larger theme,” American storyteller
Opalanga Pugh says, “Cinderella(灰姑娘),or the central idea of a good child
protected by he goodness, appears in various forms in almost every culture of the world.”
Working with students in schools, Pugh helps them understand their own cultures and the general messages of the stories. She works with prisoners too, helping them know who they are by telling stories that he listeners can write, direct, and act in their own lives. If they don’t like the story they are living, they can
rewrite the story. Pugh also works to help open up lines of communication between managers and workers. “For every advance in business,” she says, “there is a
greater need for communication.” Storytelling can have a great effect on either side of the manager-worker relationship, she says.
Pugh spent several years in Nigeria, where she learned how closely storytelling was linked to the everyday life of the people there. The benefits of storytelling are found everywhere, she says.
“I learned how people used stories to spread their culture,” she says. “What I
do is to focus on the value of stories that people can translate into their own daily world of affairs. We are all storytellers. We all have a story to tell. We tell everybody’s story.”
( ) 38. What do we learn about American storytellers from Paragraph 2?
A. They share the same way of storytelling.
B. They prefer to tell stories from other cultures.
C. They learn their stories from the American natives.
D. They find storytelling useful for both children and adults. ( ) 39. The underlined sentence (Paragraph 4) suggests that prisoners can ?
A. start a new life B. settle down in another place
C. direct films D. become good actors
( ) 40. Pugh has practiced storytelling with groups of people.
A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5
( ) 41. What is the main idea of the text?
A. Storytelling can influence the way people think.
B. Storytelling is vital to the growth of businesses.
C. Storytelling is the best way to educate children in school.
D. Storytelling helps people understand themselves and others.
D
I began working in journalism when I was eight. It was my mother’s idea. She
wanted me to “make something” of myself, and decided I had better start young if I was to have any chance of keeping up with the competition.
With my load of magazines I headed toward Belleville Avenue. The crowds were there. There were two gas stations on the corner of Belleville and Union. For several
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hours I made myself highly visible, making sure everyone could see me and the
heavy back letters on the bag that said THE SATURDAY EVENING POST. When it
was suppertime, I walked back home.
“How many did you sell, my boy?” my mother asked.
“None.”
“Where did you go?”
“The corner of Belleville and Union Avenues.”
“What did you do?”
“Stood on the corner waiting for somebody to buy a Saturday Evening Post.”
“You just stood there?”
“Didn’t sell a single one.”
“My God, Russell!”
Uncle Allen put in, “Well, I’ve decided to take the Post.” I handed him a copy
and he paid me a nickel(五分镍币). It was the first nickel I earned.
Afterwards my mother taught me how to be a salesman. I would have to ring
doorbells, address adults with self-confidence, and persuade them by saying that no
one, no matter how poor, could afford to be without the Saturday Evening Post in the
home.
One day, I told my mother I’d changed my mind. I didn’t want to make a success in the magazine business.
“If you think you can change your mind like this,” she replied, “you’ll become a
good-for-nothing.” She insisted that, as soon as school was over, I should start ringing doorbells, selling magazines. Whenever I said no, she would scold me.
My mother and I had fought this battle almost as long as I could remember. My mother, dissatisfied with my father’s plain workman’s life, determined that I would not grow up like him and his people. But never did she expect that, forty years later,
such a successful journalist as me would go back to her husband’s people for true life and love.
( ) 42. Why did the boy start his job young/
A. He wanted to be famous in the future.
B. The job was quite easy for him.
C. His mother had high hopes for him.
D. The competition for the job was fierce.
( ) 43. From the dialogue between the boy and his mother, we learn that the mother
was .
A. excited B. interested C. ashamed D. disappointed ( ) 44. What did the mother do when the boy wanted to give up?
A. She forced him to continue. B. She punished him.
C. She gave him some money. D. She changed her plan. ( ) 45. What does the underlined phrase “this battle” refer to?
A. The war between the boy’s parents.
B. The arguing between the boy and his mother.
C. The quarrel between the boy and his customers.
D. The fight between the boy and his father. ( ) 46. What is the text mainly about?
A. The early life of a journalist.
B. The early success of a journalist.
C. The happy childhood of the writer.
D. The important role of the writer in his family.
5
四(改错(10%)
I had a interesting dream last night. I dreamed 47.
that I took part in a race. At first, I could not to run very 48.
fast and fell behind. So I didn’t lose heart and kept 49.
running. All the students on the playground cheer me on, 50.
“Come on!” I was so encouraged that I ran faster and fast 51.
till I caught up all the other runners. I felt as if flying like 52.
a superman. In the end, I got to the finishing line first. 53.
I won the race. I felt very proudly of myself. Many of my 54.
classmate threw me up into the air. Just at that time 55.
I woke up and found me still in bed! 56.
五(综合填空(10%)
阅读下面对话,根据对话内容及首字母提示,在空白处填入一个适当的单词。
On Easter, April 9th in 1939, more than 75,000 people came to the Lincoln Memorial(林肯纪念馆)in Washington, D.C. They heard the famous
7 a free open-air concert. African-American singer Marian Anderson g ____5
Anderson had planned to sing at Washington’s Constitution Hall(华盛顿宪法大
厅), but a political organization that helped manage the concert hall refused her the
right to perform because she was b ________58 . With the help o ________59 the
first lady Eleanor Roosevelt, Anderson’s performance at the Lincoln Memorial m
________60people greatly aware(意识到)of the p ______61 of racial discrimination
(种族歧视)in America.
Anderson had tired hard out of a p _____62 childhood in South Philadelphia to become a world f ______63 singer. Even after her great appearance at he Lincoln Memorial in 1939, it was not u ______64 1955 that she became the first
African-American to be i _____65 to perform at New York’s Metropolitan Opera
House(纽约大都会歌剧院)Anderson died in Portland, Oregon, o ______66 April 8,
1993.
六(书面表达(18% 其中3分为卷面分)
目前,越来越多的中学生周末参加各种各样的培训或请家教。对于这一现象,
存在两种不同观点:
有些人认为有必要 另一些人认为没有必要
跟老师学比自己学好;可以巩固课堂所容易养成依赖习惯;学生需要时间休
学内容;可以学到更多的东西。 息;许多培训班和家教都是以盈利为目
的。
请根据以上提示写一篇120词左右的短文表达表中内容,并简要阐述自己的
观点。文章的标题和开头已给出,不计入总词数。
要求:层次清晰,连贯流畅;表达灵活,不要逐字逐句翻译。
Is a Training Class or Family Teacher Necessary?
More and more middle school students are going to all kinds of training classes
or having family teachers at the weekend. There are two different viewpoints about it.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
6
2013乐清中学实验班提前招生英语试卷
答案
一(单项选择题(15%)
A D D C C B D A D A BABCC
二(完形填空(15%)
CBDAB CABBD BCDBA
三(阅读理解(32%)
DB CBBCD DABD CDABA
四(改错(10%)
I had a interesting dream last night. I dreamed 47. an
that I took part in a race. At first, I could not to run very 48. to
fast and fell behind. So I didn’t lose heart and kept 49. but
running. All the students on the playground cheer me on, 50. cheered
“Come on!” I was do encouraged that I ran faster and fast 51. faster
till I caught up? all the other runners. I felt as if flying like 52. with
a superman. In the end, I got to the finishing line first. 53. ?
I won the race. I felt very proudly of myself. Many of my 54. proud
classmate threw me up into the air. Just at that time 55. classmates
I woke up and found me still in bed! 56. myself
五(综合填空(10%)
57. give 58. black 59. of 60. made 61. problem
62. poor 63. famous 64. until 65. invited 66. on
六(书面表达(18% 其中3分为卷面分)
(One possible version)
Is a Training Class or Family Teacher Necessary?
More and more middle school students are going to all kinds of training classes or having family teachers at the weekend. There are two different viewpoints about it.
Some think it is necessary. First of all, it’s more effective to study with a teacher
than by students themselves. Secondly, it can strengthen what is learnt in class. Besides, they can learn a lot more. Others think it is unnecessary. For one thing, students can easily form the habit of dependence. For another, students need to relax from time to time. What’s more ,the purpose of many training classes and family teachers is to make money.
In my opinion, whether a training class or family teacher is needed just depends. If you are really very weak at or interested in a certain subject, maybe it’s OK for you.
But be sure to choose a good and suitable class or family teacher, or it would be a waste of time and money.
7
2013乐清中学实验班提前招生英语试卷
答题卷
一(单项选择(15%)
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
11. 12. 13. 14. 15.
二( 完形填空(15%)
16. 17. 18. 19. 20.
21. 22. 23. 24. 25.
26. 27. 28. 29. 30.
三、阅读理解:(32%)
31. 32. 33. 34. 35.
36. 37. 38. 39. 40.
41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 四(改错(10%)
47. 48. 49. 50. 51.
52. 53. 54. 55. 56.
五(综合填空(10%)
57. 58. 59. 60. 61.
62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 班级 姓名 考号
六(书面表达(18% 其中3分为卷面分)
目前,越来越多的中学生周末参加各种各样的培训或请家教。对于这一现象,存在两种不同观点:
有些人认为有必要 另一些人认为没有必要
跟老师学比自己学好;可以巩固课堂所学内容易养成依赖习惯;学生需要时间休息;许容;可以学到更多的东西。 多培训班和家教都是以盈利为目的。
8
请根据以上提示写一篇120词左右的短文表达表中内容,并简要阐述自己的
观点。文章的标题和开头已给出,不计入总词数。
要求:层次清晰,连贯流畅;表达灵活,不要逐字逐句翻译。
Is a Training Class or Family Teacher Necessary?
More and more middle school students are going to all kinds of training classes
or having family teachers at the weekend. There are two different viewpoints about it.
_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________
9
范文三:乐清中学提前招生模拟试题一
乐清中学保送生考试科学模拟试卷 姓名
温馨提示:(1)本卷总分110分,考试时间70分钟,请把握好时间。
(2)本卷可能用到相对原子质量C —12 O —16 Ba —137 Cu —64 S —32 Ca--40
一、选择题:(每个题目只有一个正确选项,每小题3分,共45分)
1.同学们在学习光现象过程中有许多说法,我们从中选出四种:①光年是一个非常大的时间单位;②“坐井观天,所见甚小”隐含了光的直线传播原理;③平静湖面上的“倒影”,说明平面镜成“与物等大正立的像”的规律不成立;④透过书桌上的玻璃板看玻璃板下面的字,看到的是字的虚像。对这些说法正误的判断,正确的是( ) A .①②③④都正确 B .①②④正确,③错误
C .②③正确,①④错误 D .②④正确,①③错误
2+
2、已知R 元素的相对原子质量m 与其原子核内的质子数和中子数之和在数值上相等。若R 核外有x 个电子,则其原子核内的中子数为( )
A. m ﹣x +2 B. m+x ﹣2 C. m﹣x ﹣2 D. m+x ﹣2 3、如图所示,甲、乙两位同学做如图所示的“拔河”游戏,两人分别用伸平的手掌托起长凳的一端,保持凳子水平,然后各自向两侧“拉”。若凳子下表面各处的粗糙程度相同,且在乙端的凳面上放四块砖,则下列判断正确的是 ( ) A 、凳子向甲方移动 B、凳子向乙方移动
C 、凳子原处不动 D、凳子向体重大的同学一方移动 4、在医院利用如图装置给病人输氧气时,,并在装置中盛放适量 蒸馏水。以下说法不正确的是( ) A .导管B 连接供给氧气的钢瓶
B .导管B 连接病人吸氧气的塑胶管 C .该装置可用来观察输出氧气的速度 D .该装置可用来增加氧气的湿度 5.右图是新安装的照明电路,已知两个并联灯 泡的灯座存在一处故障。小明学电工的
火线
检修方法,在保险丝处接入一个“220V、40W” 零线的灯泡L 0。当只闭合S 、S 1时,L 0正常发光, L 1不发光;当只闭合S 、S 2时,L 0和L 2发光 都很暗,呈暗红色。由此可以确定 ( ) A .L 1灯座断路 B .L 1灯座短路
C .L 2灯座短路 D .L 2灯座断路
6.玩具小船装有电池和螺线管(有铁芯)组成的闭合电路,如图把小船按图示的方向静止在水面上,放开小船,闭合开关,船头最后的指向是
( )
A .向东 B .向南 C .向西 D .向北
7.在元旦晚会上小明表演了一个魔术:他拿出一把装满“水”的“宝壶”,分别向编号为ABCDEF 六只烧杯(各装有少量不同试剂) 中倒“水”,结果A 杯呈无色透明,B 杯看似红墨水,C 杯看似
蓝墨水,D 杯看似牛奶,E 杯看似红褐色涂料,F 杯看似蓝色果冻。则宝壶中的“水”可能是 ( )
A .H 2O 2 B .NaOH 溶液 C .HCl 溶液 D .AgNO 3溶液
8.气球下吊着一个盛有沙袋的吊篮共重G 牛,气球以速度V 匀速下降受到空气浮力为F 牛,现在要想使气球以同一速度V 匀速上升必须从气球的吊篮中抛出多重的沙袋(设气球上升和下降时所受空气的浮力和阻力大小均不变) ( )
A .(G-F) 牛 B .2(G-F) 牛 C .(G-2F) 牛 D .空气阻力不知,无法计算 9、在如图所示的各电路中,能用滑动变阻器调节灯泡亮度的是( )
10. 给一定质量的水加热,其温度与时间的关系如右上图12中a 图线所示。若其他条件不变,
仅将水的质量增加,则温度与时间的关系图线正确的是( ) A .a B .b C .c D .d
11、将40℃的饱和石灰水冷却至10℃时,或加入少量氧化钙,但温度仍保持40℃,这两种情
况下均不改变的是( ) A 、氢氧化钙的溶解度 B 、溶液中溶质的质量分数 C 、溶液的质量 D 、溶液中钙离子的数目 12、某同学为了研究自行车轮胎内气体压强的大小, 用打气筒给轮胎连续均匀充气t1时间, 打气完毕后关好气门芯,又观察了△t时间. 他测得t 1+△t时间内轮胎内气体压强大小随时间的变化如图所示,则由此图线可推知 ( )
A 、这个轮胎最多只能承受2 atm的压强
B 、在t 1+△t时刻,轮胎内部气体的压强就是当时的大气压强 C 、在t 1时间内,轮胎是不漏气的
D 、在t 1+△t时间后,轮胎还将继续漏气,直到内部压强为零
13.把三种无色气体组成的混合气体,从A 依次通过下图所示的连续装置:
各装置内的现象是:B---出现白色浑浊D---生成红色物质 E---白色粉末变蓝 F---出现白色沉淀。根据上述现象可以判断混合气体的组成是 ( )
A.CO 2、H 2、O 2 B.N 2、CO 、H 2 C.CO 2、CO 、O 2 D.CO 2、H 2、CO
14、人类牙齿由一层称为碱式磷酸钙的坚硬物质保护着。碱式磷酸钙的化学式中除钙离子外,还含有一个氢氧根离子和三个磷酸根离子,则其化学式正确的是 ( ) A .Ca 2(PO4) 3(OH) B.Ca 5(PO4) 3(OH) C.Ca 4(PO4) 3(OH) D.Ca 3(PO4) 3(OH)
15. 下列各组内的物质充分反应后过滤 , 所得溶液的质量与反应前溶液的质量相比, 一定减少的是〈 ) 。
A. 铜加入到硝酸银洛液中 B. 铝加入到稀硫酸中
C.二氧化碳通入到石灰水中 D. 碳酸钠固体加入到稀盐酸中
二、简答、探究题:(每空2分,共36分)
16.身边的科学:
(1)如图所示,是一小球从A 点沿直线运动到F 点的频闪照片,若频闪照相机每隔0.2 s 闪拍一次.分析照片可知:小球从A 点到F 点是作一直线运动;小球从A 点运动到F 点的平均速度 m/s.
(2)夏天天气很热,很多人家里装了空调。当空调工作时,总会有一些水从空调的排水管里流出来。而且在空调房里呆久了,人们总是感到空气很干燥。这是由于在空调工作时,室内的水蒸气遇冷______________成小水滴排出室外,使窒内空气湿度下降的原因。
(3)妈妈买回一袋新鲜的“蛋黄派”,袋内被气体充得鼓鼓的,这引起了我极大的兴趣。我大胆地猜测这种气体的作用是 。
(4)剧烈运动会使人肌肉酸痛,放松一段时间后,血液中的乳酸(化学式为C 3H 6O 3) 与吸入的氧气反应生成二氧化碳和水,而使肌肉的酸痛感消失。用化学方程式表示原理 。
17、在化学反应中,有元素的化合价发生变化的反应就是氧化还原反应。例: 0 0
+1 -1
2Na +Cl 2 === 2NaCl,反应前后,Na 、Cl 的化合价发生了变化,该反应是氧化还原反应。 (1)根据化合价是否变化分析,下列反应属于氧化还原反应的是(填序号)_______________。 A .HCl + NaOH===NaCl + H2O B .CaO+H2O====Ca(OH)2 C .2KClO 3
2KCl+3O2↑ D .CaCO 3
CaO + CO2↑
(2)含有高价态的化合物,通常具有氧化性,如在氯化铁溶液中,氯化铁能将单质铜氧化成氯化铜,自身被还原成氯化亚铁。该反应的化学方程式可表示为____________________。 18、已知CaCO 3+H2O+CO2=Ca(HCO3) 2,Ca(HCO3) 2易溶于水。某实验小组在含一定量Ca(OH)2的石灰水中通入CO 2,产生沉淀的量与通入CO 2气体的量的关系如图所示,回答下列问题:
(1)请描述整个实验过程的实验现象 。
(2)通CO 2气体前石灰水中氢氧化钙的质量为 g 。 19、如图为“欧姆定律”一节中“研究电流与电阻关系” 的实验电路图。
(1)为了达到研究目的,实验过程中必须保持________不变。 (2)当开关K 闭合后,电压表的示数是3伏,电流表的示数是 0.3安,现在将10欧姆的电阻换成5欧姆的电阻接入电路
来进行研究,则下一步应进行的操作是:
20、为测定空气中氧气的含量,小华同学打算设计如下方案:选用实际容积为40mL 的试管作为反应容器,将过量的白磷放入试管,用橡皮塞塞紧试管,通过导管与实际容积为60mL 且润滑性很好的针筒注射器组成如下
图的实验装置。假设此实验能够按照小华的设想正常进
行,且白磷所占体积与导管内的气体体积忽略不计,请回答下列问题:
(1)实验前,打开弹簧夹,将注射器活塞前沿从20mL 刻度处推至15mL 刻度处,然后松开手,
若活塞仍能返回至20mL 刻度处,则说明__________________________________; (2)若先夹紧弹簧夹,用酒精灯加热白磷,燃烧结束,等到试管冷却后再松开弹簧夹。可观
察到的现象为:____________________________________________________; (3)若不使用弹簧夹,用酒精灯加热白磷,充分反应直至燃烧结束,试管冷却。可观察到的
现象为__________________________________________;
21.如图所示,体积为1×10-3m 3,材料相同的两个金属球,分别连接在弹簧的一端,弹簧的另一端固定在容器的底部。甲图装置内是水,弹簧对球向上的弹力为79N ,乙图装置内是某种液体,弹簧对球向上弹力为81N ,则该种液体 的密度为 kg/m3(g 取10N/kg)。设想从某 一天起,地球的引力减为一半,则甲图中的弹簧对物 体的弹力(弹簧处于压缩状态) ( ) A .不变
B .减为一半
C .增加为原值两倍 D .弹簧对物体无弹力
22.图4是某家用燃气热水器结构原理图,微动开关K 与活塞相连,活塞与水管相通。淋浴时,打开淋浴阀,喷头有水喷出,活塞就向 (左、右)移动,由电磁铁的磁力把燃气阀打开,同时电子点火,燃气进入灶头燃烧,有热水流出;洗完后,关闭淋浴阀,热水器熄火。若热水器各部件完好,水压正常,打开淋浴阀后,电子点火器能点火却无火焰,原因可能是 。(写出一
33
点即可)。该热水器适用水压:0.05×10~0.4×10kPa ,若用水塔供水,则水面离热水器至少________m。
图4
乐清中学保送生考试科学模拟试卷答题卷
二、简答、探究题题(每格2分. 共36分)
16、 (2)
17、 (2) 18、 (2) 。 19、 (2) 。 20、 (2)
21、(2) 。
22、 _____
三、分析计算题:(10+8+11=29分)
23、(1)小轿车上大都装有一个指示灯,用它来提醒司机车门是否关好。四个车门中只要有一个车门没关好(相当于一个开关断开),该指示灯就会发光。下列几幅模拟设计电路图中,你认为最符合上述要求的是 ( )
(2)在汽车交通事故中对乘员造成伤害的往往是“二次碰撞”(汽车碰撞后发生的乘客跟车身的碰撞) 引起。与传统的安全带相比,安全气囊对乘员的头和胸的保护作用效果更好,在紧急情况下,装于前排乘员前方的安全气囊能急速膨胀,以避免人与仪表板、挡风玻璃相撞。为保证气囊有良好的保护性能,设计中应考虑下列哪些因素 ( )
①气囊膨胀的初期,内部压强要超过某个数值;②尽可能快地使气囊膨胀展开;③气囊与乘客的接触面积的大小;④要有排气机构,当压力超出某值时可以排气,减小压力
A .只需考虑① B .只需考虑①② C .只需考虑①②③ D .①②③④都应考虑 (3)李白的父亲带着他去郊游。汽车在平直公路上匀速行驶了70km ,汽车行驶的速度为72km /h ,共耗汽油6L 。请你根据下表中提供的有关信息,计算小汽车行驶的功率是多少千瓦?
24、(6分)如右图所示,电源电压为12V ,R 1 = R2 = 10Ω;R 3 = 20Ω。烧杯内盛有的溶质质量分数为20%的硫酸铜溶液,若向烧杯内加入溶质质量分数为10%的氢氧化钡溶液171g ,充分反应后,闭合开关S ,求电流表的示数。
R 3
25.(9分)某兴趣小组的同学在进行电学实验过程中发现一个有趣的元件,它有A 、B 两部分,被封闭在一个透明的玻璃壳内,a 、b 是其两个外露的接线柱(如图甲) 。他们了解到B 是一个定值电阻,其电压与电流关系如表所示:
A 是一种由特殊金属丝制成的导体,它的额定电压是9伏。为进一步了
解A 的某些特征,他们使用如图乙的实验器材,测得了一组该元件的电压与电流值,并绘制成如图丙的曲线。
请你根据上述信息回答:
(1)用笔线代替导线将图乙的电路连接完整 (2)计算电阻B 的阻值 (3)计算导体A 的额定功率
乐清中学保送生考试科学模拟试卷
二、简答、探究题:(每空2分,共36分)
16、(1)0.125 (2)液化 (3)防止食品被氧化(4)C 3H 6O 3+3O2=3CO2+3H2O
17、(1) C (2)①2FeCl 3+Cu===CuCl2+2FeCl2 18、(1)开始产生白色沉淀,随着CO 2的不断通入沉淀逐渐增多,然后沉淀不断减少,最后完全消失。 (2)7.4 19、(1)R 0两端的电压 (2)减小滑动变阻器的阻值,调节R 0两端的电压为3V 20、(1)装置的气密性良好
(2)白磷燃烧,产生白烟,活塞前沿约在12mL 的刻度线上
(3)白磷燃烧,产生白烟,活塞先向右移动,最终稳定在约8mL 的刻度线上 21、 0.8×103 B
22.右,电源电压太低或无燃气,5m 。 三、分析、计算题:(10+8+11=29分)
23. (1)D (2)D
-
(3)Q=mq=ρvq=6×103m 3×0.7×103kg/m3×4.6×107J/kg =1.932×108J
W=Q·η=1.932×108J ×40%=7.728×107J
3
S 70×10m t== =3.5×103S
V 20m/S
7W 7.728×10J 4
P===2.208×10W=22.08KW t 3.5×10S
24、解:设80g 溶质质量分数为20g 的硫酸铜溶液完全反应时,
需要10%的氢氧化钡溶液的质量为χ
CuSO 4 + Ba(OH)2 = Cu(OH)2 ↓+BaSO 4↓ 160 171 80g ×20% 10%χ
160 :171 =80g ×20% :10%χ 解得 χ= 171 g
由此得出硫酸铜与氢氧化钠溶液恰好完全反应,生成难溶于水的硫酸钡和氢氧化铜,液体不导电,电路中只有R 2和R 3串联,由电流公
可得
25.(1)略(图中电源正极与电流表0.6A 接线柱相连)(2)RB二20欧 (3)0.81瓦
式
范文四:乐清市乐清中学提前招生试卷(附答案)
科学试卷
温馨提示:
1. 本卷满分100分,考试时间90分钟。全卷试题卷9页,三大题,
35
2. 本卷可能用到的相对原子质量:Na —23 H —1 C —12 O —16 S —32
3.所有答案都必须做在答题卷标定的位置上,请务必注意试题序号和答题序号相对应.
一、选择题(本题20小题,每小题1.5分,共30分。每小题只有一个正确答案)
1. 某湿地作为国家建设部公布的9个国家城市湿地公园之一,占地总面积近16平方公里,分布有植物65科、132属、151种,浮游生物丰富多样。下列有关叙述正确的是
A. 该湿地中的细菌和真菌属于分解者
B. 该湿地的生产者是浮游植物和浮游动物
C. 生活在该湿地中的所有藻类构成了一个生物群落
D. 只要有极少量的生活污水排入该湿地,就会破坏其生态平衡
2.老师给小敏一个纸板做的方盒子,问小敏,里面是什么?小敏拿过盒子轻轻摇晃一下,回答说:里面可能是一个苹果。从科学探究的角度分析,小敏的回答是( )
A .提出问题 B.猜想假设 C .事实证据 D .检验评价
3.三国时的“红脸”关云长与北宋时的“黑脸”包公本是互不相干的著名历史人物,一首描述某一化学实验过程的诗将两人联系在一起,诗的内容如下:“包公静卧水晶房,轻风迎面喜洋洋,忽然一阵烈火起,烧得包公变云长,云长急令退烈火,只留轻风吹暖房。”诗中的“包公”是指黑色CuO 粉末,“云长”指的是红色的铜,那么“轻风”是指 ( )
A .C B .CO 2 C .O 2 D .H 2
4.人的指纹重复的概率极小,常被用来鉴别身份,被称为“人体身份证”。
决定每个人指纹这一性状的是( )
A .基因 B .无机盐
C .葡萄糖 D .蛋白质
5.针对如图三种现象,① 甲图是一个无摩擦的、不在同一平面上连续的轨道,小球从A 点经B 、C 能滑到D ;② 乙图是一个无摩擦的滚摆,将细绳绕轴转到A 点,放手后,能在A 、B 之间来回转动;③ 丙图是一个单摆,从A 点放手,能摆到B 点,若在O 点放一小棒,抵住细绳,小球能摆到C 点。其中不能成立的是 ( )
A .①②③
B .①②
C .②③
D .③
6.通过实验可以获取证据,得出结论。下列做法中不能获得明显证据的是( )
A .为了证明氢氧化钠溶液呈碱性,在其溶液中滴加稀盐酸
B .为了证明浓盐酸具有挥发性,打开盛浓盐酸的瓶盖,可以发现有“白雾”
C .为了说明盐溶液不一定都呈中性,在碳酸钠溶液中滴加酚酞试液
- D .为了证明汗水中含有Cl ,加入含稀硝酸的硝酸银溶液
7.右图所示电路中,电源电压保持不变。闭合开关S ,将滑动变阻器的滑片P 向左移动,下列说
法正确的是 ( )
A .电压表的示数不变,电流表A 1的示数变大
B .电压表的示数变大,电流表A 1的示数变大
C .电流表A 1的示数与电流表A 2的示数同时变大
D .电流表A 1的示数与电流表A 2的示数同时变小
8.1968年,美国哈佛大学教授盖耶从一只经麻醉的老鼠身上抽去了90%的血液,代之以一种全氟
碳乳液,10分钟后,麻醉的老鼠不仅苏醒,而且存活了8个小时。由此可见,全氟碳乳液至少具有下列哪种细胞的功能 ( )
A .白细胞 B .红细胞 C .血小板 D .三种血细胞
9.某课外小组进行自制玩具赛车20米跑比赛.甲、乙、丙、丁四辆赛车同时从起点出发,假设
它们均做匀速直线运动,结果最先到达终点的是丙车,最后到达终点的是丁车。若甲、乙两车的路程和时间的s —t 图象如图所示,则关于丙、丁两车的s —t 图象所在的区域,下列说法中正确的是 ( )
A .丙在Ⅲ区域,丁在I 区域
B .丙在I 区域, 丁在Ⅲ区域
C .丙在Ⅱ区域,丁在Ⅲ区域
D .丙在Ⅱ区域,丁在I 区域
10
2+
根据以上信息判断下列各反应:①M+HCl; ②M(NO3) 2+BaCl2; ③MO+HCl; ④M(OH)2+NaCl; ⑤M(OH)2+HCl; ⑥M(NO3) 2+HCl; ⑦MCO 3+HCl; ⑧MSO 4+BaCl2,上述反应能进行,且反应产物有水生成的是 ( )
A .①②④⑦ B .③⑤⑦ C .②④⑥ D .①③⑤⑧
11. 下列图中,若用甲代表大气中的CO 2,乙代表生产者,丙代表消费者,丁代表分解者,能正确
表示甲、乙、丙、丁在碳循环中的关系的是
( )
12.由Na 、S 、O 、H 中的2种或3种元素组成4种化合物。甲能跟BaCl 2反应生成另外两种盐;乙能跟NaOH 反应生成盐和水;丙能跟HCl 反应生成盐和水;丁呈中性,跟CaO 或CO 2化合生成碱或酸。则下列判断错误的是 ( )
A .乙一定是H 2SO 4 B .甲可能是Na 2SO 4 C .丙可能是NaOH D.丁一定是H 2O
13.如图是a 、b 两种物质的质量与体积的关系图像。用a 、b 两种物质分别制成质量相等的甲、
乙两个正立方体。下列说法正确的是( )
A .将甲物体放入水中,一定漂浮在水面
B .将乙物体放入水中,一定沉入水底
C .将甲、乙两物体捆在一起放入水中,一定漂浮在水面
D .将甲、乙两物体捆在一起放入水中,一定沉入水底
14.将甲种小鼠和乙种小鼠的皮肤同时移植于a 小鼠身上,不久,甲种小鼠的皮肤在a 小鼠身上
生长良好,乙种小鼠的皮肤在a 小鼠身上红肿,最终死亡脱落。此时,将所用乙种小鼠的皮肤再取一小块,第二次移植到a 小鼠身上,移植的皮肤比第一次更快地死亡脱落。下列对第二次植皮后出现的现象最合理的解释是 ( )
A .抗体具有特异性 B .乙种小鼠和a 小鼠的亲缘关系较远
C .乙种小鼠的皮肤属于抗原 D .a 小鼠体内已产生相应的记忆细胞
15.对地球上生命的起源,科学史上有着多种观点,其中有一种叫做“宇宙胚种论”的观点。它认
为地球上的生命来自于宇宙的其他天体,通过适当的途径到达地球的。近年来,对一些陨石成分的分析,发现在其他天体上存在着构成生命物质的有机物,如各种氨基酸等;对一些彗星成分分析,也发现一些彗星中存在简单的有机物。由此,你认为“宇宙胚种论”的观是( )
A .没有任何事实依据的猜想,没有任何科学价值
B .事实依据很少的假说,至今既不能证否也不能证实
C .正确的,应当认为地球上的生命来自于宇宙的其他天体
D .错误的,因为课本告诉我们:地球上的生命起源于地球上的非生命物质
16.已知某力F 所做的功是15焦,则下列图象能大致反映力F 与物体在力的方向上通过的距离s
的关系的是
17.暑假期间,小敏随父亲参加了农村电网改造活动。活动中,需要将水泥电线杆埋入规定的地点以
下1米深左右的土层中,因此需要挖坑,把长达10米、重为G=6000牛的水泥电线杆放到坑口适当位置,再在电线杆上施力,将电线杆向上竖。下面四幅图片,是小敏为爸爸设计的坑形状、安放位置及电线杆上的施力情况,则最省力的操作是按设计图
18.恐龙曾经作为地球上的“霸主”达一亿多年,但是,它们却在距今约六千多万年前神秘地绝
灭了。恐龙究竟为什么会绝灭呢?有科学家作出假说A :“大约六千多万年前,一颗小行星、陨石或彗星撞击了地球,引起了海啸和火山爆发,导致恐龙迅速绝灭。”假说B :“恐龙是逐渐消亡的,绝灭原因是不能适应当时的环境变化。”下列是近年发现的一些与恐龙绝灭有关的证据:(1)在墨西哥,人们发现了一个六千多万年前,有一颗直径达10千米的小行星撞击地球的大坑。(2)科学研究表明,恐龙大量绝灭的时间相对较短。(3)恐龙的化石常常集中出现。
(4)在造成墨西哥的大坑的小行星撞击事件后,恐龙还生存了几十万年。(5)恐龙数量减少的同一时期,气候变得干燥而寒冷,植物种类和数量减少。(6)有人发现,在某一批70个恐龙蛋的化石中,只有1个有胚胎,这表明恐龙蛋的受精率比较低。(7)化石证据显示,在绝灭之前,一段时期的恐龙,骨骼出现变形,蛋壳变得很薄,因此卵中的胚胎容易受到威胁。其中支持科学家上述假说B 的证据是
A .(1)(2)(3)
( ) ( ) ( ) B .(4)(5)(6)(7) D .(1)(2)(3)(4)
C .(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)
19.如图甲是用伏安法测小灯泡功率的实验电路。当闭合开关,滑动变阻器滑片P 从A 向B 移动
过程中,小灯泡上消耗的功率与其两端的电压关系大致符合图乙中的( )
20.小敏利用“压敏电阻的阻值随所受压力的增大而减小”的性质,设计了判断物体运动状态改
变的装置。其工作原理如图所示,电源、电流表、定值电阻和压敏电阻由导线连接成一个串联电路,压敏电阻和一块挡板固定在绝缘小车上,中间放置一个可活动的绝缘球,压敏电阻不受压力时,电流表示数为I 0。某次试验中,小车按图示向右运动,在0—t 1时间内,作匀速直线运动;在t 1—t 2时间内,作速度变大的直线运动;在t 2—t 3时间内,作匀速直线运动;在t 3—t 4时间内,作速度变小的直线运动。下列图线能基本反映上述运动状态的是 ( )
二、简答题(本题11小题,每空2分,共50分)
21.如图为六种动物形态图(大小无比例关系),请回答。
根据图中动物体内有无 这一特征,可将它们分为两大类,说
出其中相同的一大类动物
22.如图,玻璃管A 插入水中,从玻璃管B 的一端吹气,可以在A 管中
见到 现象,这是
由于 原因。
23
分析表中数据,回答下列问题:
(1)尿液排出的主要物质是 ;
(2)肾小球和肾小囊壁的作用是 。
24.某兴趣小组在学习碱的化学性质时,进行了如图所示的实验。
(1)乙实验中滴加氢氧化钠溶液后,可观察到的现象是 ;
(2)实验结束后,同学们将甲、乙、丙三个实验的废液倒入同一个干净的废液缸中,最终看到废液浑浊并呈红色,由此产生疑问。
【提出问题】废液中含有哪些物质?
【交流讨论】① 一定含有的物质:碳酸钙、指示剂、水和氯化纳。② 还含有能使废液呈碱
性的物质。能使废液呈碱性的物质是什么? 同学们有如下猜想。
小兰认为:只有碳酸钠
小刚认为:只有氢氧化钙
小亮认为:是氢氧化钠和碳酸钠
【实验设计】小斌想用氯化钙溶液来验证小兰、小刚、小亮的猜想。查阅资料获悉氯化钙溶
25.小敏学习了单质、氧化物、酸、碱、盐性质后,发现许多不同类别的物质反应时能生成盐,
于是她构建了甲图所示的知识网络图。
甲 乙
(1)请你把甲图中①②处补充完整,要求不能与图中已有信息重复。①和②分别是 。
(2)乙图中A ~H 都是科学中常见的物质,已知A 、B 为黑色固体,D 为红色固体单质,F 为红色粉末,它们的转化关系如乙图所示。请回答:
①
物质B 的化学式为 。
②写出一个能实现G+H→D 的化学方程式 。
26.将MgSO 4 、CuCl 2和Ba(OH)2 三种溶液两两混合,共产生种沉淀,其中有
_种白色沉淀。
27.小敏见村里的水塔有时发生断水,影响大家的饮水,于是设计了一个电路希望帮助解决这一
问题。电路的的基本设想是:利用电流表的示数大致反映水位,水位最高时,电流表示数最
大(满量程),水位最低时,电流表示数最小(接近0);同时用电磁继电器连接二灯,当水塔里有水时,绿灯亮,水位比较低,需要加水时,红灯亮,发出警示。并且已经连接了部分电路,图中K 是可绕固定点O 转动的金属杆子,J 是浮子,能将水位的高低由连杆带动金属杆子,R 是一电阻片,相当于滑动变阻器,H 是电磁继电器的衔铁,I 是螺线管,水量表即电流表。
(1)请根据小敏的设想,完成路电路的连接。
(2)实际调试时发现,连接的电路在水位最低时,有时红灯不能及时亮起,经检查是电磁铁的磁性不够强的原因。请根据电路的具体情况,提出二条改进措施。
28.为了连续改变反射光的方向,并多次重复这个过程,方法之一
是旋转由许多反射镜面组成的多面体棱镜(简称镜鼓),如图所示。
当激光束以固定方向入射到镜鼓的一个反射面上时,由于反射镜绕
竖直轴旋转,反射光就可在屏幕上扫出一条水平线。依次,每块反
射镜都将轮流扫描一次。如果要求扫描的范围θ=45且每秒钟扫
描48次,那么镜鼓的反射镜面数目是个 ,镜鼓旋转的转速
是 转/分钟。
29.
某兴趣小组的同学对植物生长素觉得很好奇,想探究单侧光使生长素转移了,还是分解了。设
A B (1)
为研究植物向光性的原因时,其中一成员进行了如图A 所示的实验,从中获得的结论是单侧光引起生长素从向光侧更多地移向背光侧,说明获得这样结论的理由: ;
(2) 另一成员进行了如图B 的实验,将经过甲处理后的琼脂块,分别放在切去胚芽鞘尖端的切面上,如图乙,一段时间后,观察胚芽鞘的生长情况。若胚芽鞘的长度关系为 ,说明单侧光使生长素分解了。
30.资料一:科学家通过对化石的研究发现,鱼类的化石在比较古老的地
层中就出现了,两栖类、爬行类和哺乳类动物则依次在越来越晚近的
地层中才出现。
资料二:1861年,在德国发现了始祖鸟的化石,她的大小与乌鸦差不
多,被覆羽毛,具有和鸟翅膀一样的前肢,但末端有指,指的末端还有爪;她的嘴里有牙齿,
但嘴的外形像鸟喙。她的身体结构既和爬行动物有相同之处,又和鸟类有相同之处。
资料三:多种多样的蛋白质是组成细胞的一类重要物质,
细胞色素C 是其中的一种。科学家比较了一些生物的细胞
色素C 的差异,发现人类与黑猩猩的差异最小,与马的差
异则大些,而与果蝇、向日葵则差异更大。
分析上述3个资料,可以发现,它们都采用了 的科学方法。从上述3个资料可以做出的推测是 。
31.养鸡是农民致富的途径之一。要想让鸡多产蛋,饲料的选择很重要。
根据下面提供的表和图,回答:
(1)要使鸡的产蛋量是80%,每只鸡每日应摄入的蛋白质是 克;
(2)如果有能量水平是11.9×10焦/千克的饲料,要维持鸡的产蛋量是90%,饲料中的 蛋白质含量应是 %;
(3)如果用能量水平是11.7×10焦/千克、蛋白质含量是15%的饲料喂鸡,平均每只鸡每日的取食量是101克,则该鸡群的产蛋率最高不超过 。
三、分析计算题(本题4小题,每小题4分,共20分)
32.紫番薯不但皮是紫色的,里面的肉也是通体茄紫,肉质细腻,水分足,
甜而不干,现在已成为餐桌上不可缺少的点心。下面是某校科技小组对
紫番薯的探究过程。
【查阅资料】紫番薯呈紫色是因为内含花青素,花青素易溶于水、酸和
碱,不溶于有机溶剂,有抑制致癌物质产生和减少基因突变的作用,对
高血压等心血管疾病也有预防作用。
【问题】紫番薯中的色素是否可做酸碱指示剂?
【实验1】①将生紫番薯去皮后切片磨碎,用蒸馏水浸泡;②将生紫番薯浸泡液过滤得滤液;③取三支试管编号为A 、B 、C ,并分别倒入2毫升稀盐酸、浓NaOH 溶液、蒸馏水;④分别滴入6滴生紫番薯浸泡液的滤液,结果A 中显示桃红色、B 中显示墨绿色、C 中显示淡紫色。
【结论】紫番薯中的色素 做酸碱指示剂(填“可以”或“不可以”)。
【拓展】(1)上述实验步骤②中需要用到的玻璃仪器除了烧杯、漏斗外,还需要用到 。
(2)若将上述得到的滤液滴到盛有澄清石灰水的试管中,紫色的滤液将会变 色。
【实验2】小组成员小红回家后在吃紫番薯时突然想到了一个问题,然后用还没有吃完的熟紫番薯按实验1重做实验,结果实验现象与实验1完全相同。
【讨论】(1)小敏在重做实验之前对所想问题做出的假设是 。
(2)小敏在吃紫番薯时,其中的淀粉最初在小红的 处开始被消化。
66
33.向盛有12.60克碳酸氢钠固体的烧杯中,加入100.5克硫酸溶液恰好反应。反应过程用精密仪
器测得烧杯连同药品的质量(m)与反应时间(t)的关系如图所示。
烧杯连同药品的起始质量为200.0克。反应的化学方程式为:
2NaHCO 3+H2SO 4=Na 2SO 4+2H2O+2CO2↑
回答下列问题:
(1)当碳酸氢钠与硫酸溶液恰好完全反应时,所需的时间约
为 。
(2)当碳酸氢钠与硫酸溶液完全反应时,所产生二氧化碳的
质量为 。
(3)反应后,所得硫酸钠溶液的溶质质量分数为多少?
34.如图是小敏设计的一个电热毯模拟电路。其中S 3是一个单
刀双掷开关(三个接线柱,C 接线柱可与A 接线柱连接,或
与B 接线柱连接,但只能在A 、B 之间连接其中一个),R 1
和R 2是发热电阻,电源电压是6伏保持不变。
(1)判断该模拟电路有几挡发热状况,以及相应的(不计不
发热状况)开关状况。
(2)若要求电路最高消耗功率和最低消耗功率分别是5瓦
和1.2瓦,则电阻R 1和R 2分别多大?(已知R 1>R 2)
35.某市盛产茶叶,“绿剑”、“云剑”等名茶,享誉全国。你知道吗,
茶文化中有许多科学知识和原理。
(1)茶品种:茶树的叶肉细胞内含有一种叫茶多酚的植物碱,可以
在茶多酚氧化酶的催化作用下氧化,氧化的茶多酚使茶叶变红(茶多
酚氧化酶的活性与温度关系如图)。根据这一原理,人们制作出绿茶、
红茶等不同品种的茶叶。在制作红茶时,需将茶叶保持在30~40℃范
围内发酵一段时间,其原理是 ,从而使茶叶变为红褐色,即为红茶。
(2)泡茶:盛热水的茶杯中有一片茶叶,茶叶上附有两个的球形气泡,此时它恰好处于悬浮状态,若在茶杯上盖紧盖子,会发现这片茶叶将下沉,这是因为 。
(3)制茶:图甲是制作绿茶的“炒制”过程,所用电炒锅额定电压为220V ,最大功率为1210w 。电路原理图如图乙,其内部有两个发热电阻,其中R 0是定值电阻,R 为可变电阻(调温开关),它们的阻值均不受温度影响,假定电炒锅每秒钟散发的热量q 跟电炒锅表面温度与环境温度的温差△t 关系如图丙所示,现在温度为15℃的房间使用该电炒锅炒制绿茶,要求电炒锅表面温度为75℃,且保持不变,问应将R 的阻值调为多大?
甲 乙 丙
科学试卷参考答案与评分标准
一、选择题(本题20小题,每小题1.5分,共30分。每小题只有一个正确答案)
1.A 2.B 3.D 4.A 5.D 6.A 7.D 8.B 9.A 10.B 11. D 12.A 13.C 14.D 15.B 16.B 17.B 18.B 19.C 20.B
二、简答题(本题11小题,每空2分,共50分)
21.(1)脊柱 E 22.水位上升(或水向B 管的左端喷出) A 管内水面气压小于A 管外面水面的气压23.(1)无机盐和尿素,此外,还排出多余的水分(2)可以透过水、葡萄糖、无机盐和尿素等小分子物质,而很少透过蛋白质这样的物质
24.(1)气球胀膨 (2)②有白色沉淀,溶液由红色变为无色
小兰(或没有白色沉淀,溶液呈红色 小刚)(实验现象和猜
想合理对应即可) 25. (1)①酸+盐、金属+盐
(2)①CuO ②Fe+CuSO4=Cu+FeSO4
26.3 2 27.(1)如图(2)电磁铁中增加铁芯、增加电源的电压、减小电阻R 0的阻值、增加电磁铁的线圈匝数等。(2分) 28.16 180
29.(1)示意图乙中向光侧的生长素若被分解,则植物将生长并弯向光源 (2)C <A=B=D
30.比较 生物是不断进化的,而且它们之间存在一定的亲缘关系; 31.20 19.4 50%
三、分析计算题(本题4小题,每小题4分,共20分)
32.可以 玻璃棒 墨绿 (1)可能熟的紫番薯中的色素不再具有生时的性质 (2)口腔
33.(1)4秒 (2)6.6克
(3)设完全反应时,生成硫酸钠的质量为X ,则
2NaHCO 3+H2SO 4=Na 2SO 4+2H2O+2CO2↑
142 2×44
X 6.6克
142:2×44==X:6.6克 X =10.65克
m(Na2SO 4溶液) =12.60克+100.5克—6.6克==106.5克
w(Na2SO 4)= 10.65克×100%/106.5克==10% 答:所得硫酸钠溶液的溶质质量分数为10%。
34.解:(1)四种。①开关S 1、S 2闭合,开关S 3接A 接线柱,R 1和R 2并联,电路功率最大;②
开关S 1闭合,S 2断开,S 3接B 接线柱,R 1和R 2串联,电路功率最小;③开关S 1闭合,S 2断开,S 3接A 接线柱,只R 1发热,功率较小;④开关S 1、S 2闭合,S 3接B 接线柱,只R 2发热,功率较大。
(2)由(1)分析可知,
P 大==U2/(R 并) R 并== U2/ P大==(6伏)2/5瓦==7.2欧
P 小==U2/(R 串) R 串== U2/ P小==(6伏)2/1.2瓦==30欧
R 1+R2==30欧
1/ R1+ 1/R2==1/7.2欧 R 1==18欧,R 2==12欧。
35.(1)茶多酚氧化酶在此温度范围内活性最高可催化茶多酚充分氧化
(2)盖子盖紧后,杯子上部空气被密封,气体温度会短暂升高,气压会增大,气泡会减小,浮力减小,导致茶叶下沉
U 2(220V)2(3)R 0= ===40Ω 此时电炒锅表面温度与环境温度差为△t=75℃-15℃=60℃,由P 01210w
图像知电炒锅每秒钟散发热量为q=880J , 要使电炒锅表面温度保持不变,则电炒锅的电功率P=880w
科学试卷
U 2(220V)2由P=R+R0 得:R+40Ω=880w, R=15Ω 第 10 页 共 10
范文五:温州中学乐清中学提前招生动词词组收
温州中学乐清中学提前招生动词词组收集 乐清国际外国语学校Willy
1)add to 增加,增进The bad weather added to our difficulties.
add…to 把…加进…Add two to seven, and you will get nine.
add up 相加
add up to 总计,所有这一切说明
All his school education added up to no more than one year.
2) break away from 打破,脱离,挣脱,改掉
Can't you break away from old habits?
你不能戒除旧习惯吗?
He's broken away from his family.
他与家庭断绝了关系。
break down出毛病,身体(精神)衰弱,分解,拆开
He finally break down under the four-hour's pressure.
在四小时的压力下他终于支持不了。
Break off 暂停,中断
He broke off in the middle of a sentence.
他一句话只说了一半就停住了。
break in 强行进入,插话
Please don't break in on our conversation.
请不要打断我们的谈话
break through 突破
I know we could break through it.
我知道我们能突破。
The enemy is trying to break through.
敌人企图突围
Break into 闯入
We had to break into the house as we had lost the key.
因为我们弄丢了钥匙所以不得不破门而入。
break into pieces 成为碎片
Really? Do you think so? If you're lying, I'll break you into pieces!
真的吗? 你真这么认为? 如果你撒谎,我就把你打成碎片!
break out 爆发
He was 29 when war broke out...
战争爆发时他才29岁。
I was in a nightclub in Brixton and a fight broke out.
当时我在布里克斯顿的一家夜总会里,那里发生了一场斗殴。
break up 捣碎,驱散,瓦解,学期结束,拆散
My girlfriend had broken up with me...
我的女朋友已跟我分手了。
3) bring up 抚养,呕吐,提出
His grandmother and his father brought him up...
是他的祖母和父亲把他养大的。
bring about 造成
Cute and naughty actions bring about attraction.
可爱和顽皮的动作引起吸引力.
bring out 拿出,出版
Bring in 引入,引进,挣钱
Children are sent out to clean shoes to bring in extra money.
孩子们被打发出去擦皮鞋以赚些额外的钱。
bring back 使回想起
Your article brought back sad memories for me...
你的文章使我想起了伤心的往事。
Talking about it brought it all back.
谈到这个让人想起了整件事。
bring down 使下降,使倒下
His challenge to Mrs Thatcher brought her down.
他的挑战导致了撒切尔夫人的下台。
4) call on 号召,拜访(某人)
We call on interested parties to meet in september.
我们呼吁相关各方于9月份召开会议
I mean to call on you tomorrow.
我打算明天看望你。
call at拜访、参观(某地)
call for 去叫某人,要求,需要
I'll call for you at eight tomorrow morning.
我明早八点来接你。
Somebody call for some oils?
有人需要些油吗?
call up 使回忆起,征召入伍
Call up your old friends and relatives.
打电话给你的老朋友和亲戚。
call in 召集,请某人
So I call in the team leader today.
今天我召见了该组长。
call out 大喊,高叫
I wanna touch you, call out your name.
我想要接近你想要呼喊你的名字。
call off 取消,不举行
They want to get us to call off the strike.
他们想要我们取消罢工。
5) come about 发生,出现
So, how had the changes come about?
那么,这些变化是如何发生的呢?
How did it come about?
它是怎么发生的呢?
come down 下跌,落,降,传下来
Would you come down from there!
你能从那儿下来吗!
come in 进来
come into (sight/being/existence/use/notice/effect)
come on来临/ 快点
come out 出版,结果是
When does her new book come out?
她的新书什么时候出版?
come along 一道来,赶快
You sure you don't want to come along?
你真的不想一起来吗?
come to 达到(an end/ an agreement/ a stop)苏醒,合计,总共是 come over 走过来
come up 发芽,走近
A new problem had come up.
发生了一个新的问题。
come across 偶然碰到
Look! I come across her in my way.
看! 我在路上碰上了她.
come back 回想起
come from 来自,源自
6) cut across 抄近路
She cut across our talk.
她打断了我们的谈话。
cut down 砍倒,削减
Can you cut down the price for me?
你们可以降低价格吗?
cut off 切断,割掉,断绝关系
Without a car we still felt very cut off.
没有车,我们还是觉得很闭塞。
cut up 连根拔除 切碎
cut through 剪断,凿穿
cut out 删(省)掉,戒掉
You'd better cut out the last paragraph.
你最好把最后一段删掉。
cut in 插嘴
'Not true,' the Duchess cut in.
“不是真的,”公爵夫人插话道。
7)die of(disease/ hunger/ grief/ old age) 死于 (疾病,饥饿,寒冷,情感原因) Each year 50 to 100 children die of seasonal flu.
每年有50-100个儿童死于季节流感。
die from 死于(意外事故、情形)
In this lifetime, before I die from boredom?
要是这么生活下去, 我不是会闷死吗?
die away 渐渐消逝
The noise of the car die away in the distance.
汽车的声音消失在远方。
die out 绝种
I don't want the panda to die out.
我不希望熊猫灭绝。
die down(炉火) 渐熄
These rumours will soon die down.
这些谣言不久就会逐渐消失。
die off 逐一死去
Eventually man kind will die off, everyone knew that. 那种男人最终会死,每个人都知道这一点。
8) fall behind落后
You'll certainly fall behind if you don't work hard.
如果你不努力,你将会掉队的。
fall down 掉下 ,跌到
The house might fall down in a few months.
几个月内这所房屋也许会倒塌。
fall back撤退
Everyone here knows that you will not fall back.
这里的每个人都知道你绝不会退却。
9) go in for 从事,喜爱,参加
To go in for sports helps you stay fit.
参加体育活动能帮你保持健壮的体魄。
He went in for medicine at the age of sixteen.
他十六岁就从事药学。
go through 通过,经受
Did you go through his pockets?
你翻他衣服口袋了吗?
go over 复习,检查
Go over some text you wrote recently-emails, forums posts, whatever. 浏览一下你最近写的东西电子邮件、论坛的帖子,随便什么。 go up ( 价格 ) 上涨,建造起来
I am considering buying the house before the prices go up. 我正在考虑趁房价未涨时把房子买下来。
go after 追捕,追赶
Go after a job you really want.
追求你真正想要的工作。
go against 违反
I wouldn't advise you to go against your father.
我劝你不要违背你父亲。
Don't do anything that should go against his will.
不要做违背他心意的事。
go ahead 先行,开始吧,问吧,说吧
Go ahead with your plan, we are all for it.
进行你的计划吧,我们完全同意。
go away 离开
go by 时间过去
go down 下沉,降低,(日、月) 西沉
I saw the prices go down and I thought they were now reasonable. 我看到价格跌下来了,我想目前的价格是合理的。
go on (with) 继续进行
go with 相配,陪同
Happiness doesn't always go with money.
幸福未必总是伴随金钱而来。
go without 没有,缺少
I have known what it is like to go without food for days... 我知道几天没有东西吃是什么滋味了。 go out 外出,熄灭
The fire will not be let to go out.
火不要让熄灭了。
go all out 全力以赴
When your next great idea comes, go all out.
当你的下一个伟大想法闪现时,请全力以赴。
go off 爆炸,进行,变坏,断电,停止供应
Then the fire alarm went off. I just grabbed my clothes and ran out. 当时火险警报器响了,我一把抓起衣服就往外跑。 go back on 背约,食言
Are you gonna go back on your word?
你要违背你自己说的话吗?
go beyond 超出 Not often do you go beyond yourself for a stranger. 你往往不因一位陌生人而变得爱出风头。
10) get down 下来,记下,使沮丧
Can I get down now?
我现在可以下来了吗? get down to 致力于,专心于
I wish you'd stop mucking about and get down to some serious work. 我希望你安下心来认真做点工作,别再东游西荡了。 get on 进展,进步,穿上,上车
get off 脱下,下车
get in 收集,插(话)
We didn't get the harvest in until Christmas, there was so much snow. 我们直到圣诞节时才收割庄稼,因为雪下得实在太多了。 get away 逃跑,逃脱,去休假
But Mr Assad must not get away with murder.
但决不能让阿萨德逃脱谋杀的罪责。
get over 忘记,越过,克服,从疾病中恢复
get along with 进展,相处
The girl is hard to get along with.
这姑娘很难相处。
get up 起床 get through 打通电话,完成,通过
I couldn't get through to you yesterday.
昨天我无法接通你的电话。
get round 消息传开
get close to sth 接近,几乎
get into (trouble) 陷入困境中
get to (know) 逐渐了解到
Here you may get to know some friends.
在这里你可以认识一些朋友
get back 取回,收回 get out 出去
11) give away 赠送,泄露,出卖
She would give nothing away...
她会守口如瓶。
give out 发出,疲劳,分发,公布
He wouldn't give out any information...
他不愿透露任何消息。
give off 发出(光、热、气体)
The wild flowers give off a nice smell.
这些野花发出一股香味。
give in (to sb) 屈服
The strikers wouldn't give in.
罢工者不肯让步。
give up 放弃,让 (座位)
Should I give up this dream?
我应该放弃这梦想吗?
12) hand in 交上,提交
Did you hand in the report?
你交报告了吗?
hand out 分发
Food is still being handed out.
还在向大家分发食物。
hand down 流传,遗传
.a Ukrainian folk heritage handed down from their parents. 父辈传下来的乌克兰民间遗产
13)hang about 闲逛
Don't hang about, we have a train to catch.
别闲呆着了,我们要赶火车。
hang up 挂电话
He said he'd call again, and hung up on me.
他说他会再打过来,就突然挂断了电话。
14) hold back 阻止,隐瞒
No one can hold back the hands of time.
谁也无法阻止时间的前进。
hold up 举起,使停顿
How do you think he will hold up?
你觉得他能撑下去吗?
Hold on 别挂电话,等,坚持
Hold on to you dream.
但仍要坚持你的梦想。
hold out 持续,坚持,伸出
How long will your money hold out?
你的钱能维持多久?
hold down 控制,镇压
You have to hold down those people.
你必须压制住这些人。
15) keep up (courage,English,spirits) 保持 Things are changing so fast, it's hard to keep up.
事情变化得太快了,很难跟上形势。
keep up with 跟上
Keep off (grass) 不接近,离开
Do you want an umbrella to keep off the rain.
你是否需要一把伞来挡雨。
keep away from 避开,不接近,离…远远的
Don't come near me, keep away from me!
别靠近我离我远点!
Keep out of
Keep out of the reach of children.
放于儿童拿不到的地方。 keep to (rules,promise) 坚持,遵守
You're ruining the game. Keep to the rules!
你在毁掉这游戏,遵守规则!
Keep on 继续,坚持下来
Then keep on being busy.
那就继续忙吧。
keep back 阻止,留下,隐瞒,扣下
She couldn't keep back her tears.
她控制不住眼泪。
Keep from 克制,阻止
She looks at him, tries to keep from crying.
她看着他,忍住不哭。
16)knock at/on 敲
I heard someone knock at the door three times.
我听见有人敲了三次门。
knock into 撞到某人身上
I was so hurried as to knock into my teacher.
我如此匆忙以至于撞到老师身上。
Knock down 撞倒
Beware, it won't knock down flying monsters.
小心,它不会飞的怪物击倒。
knock out of 把…敲出
Knock over 撞倒
She was careless to knock over the flowers.
她很粗心,把花弄倒了。
knock off 停止工作,休息
When do you usually knock off for lunch?
中午你们一般什么时候歇工吃饭?
17)leave for 离开前往
leave out 删去,遗漏
Make sure not to leave out a single word.
务必一个词都不要省略。
leave behind 遗留,忘记拿走
So if we were all wiped out tomorrow, what would we leave behind? 如果人类在明天灭亡,我们将留下什么呢?
leave to 留给,遗嘱赠于
I leave to the love of my life.
我将把这些留给我的毕生挚爱。
leave over 遗留,剩下 延期
18)look up 查找,向上看
look through 翻阅,浏览
look on 旁观
You always look on the bright side?
你总是能看到积极的一面吗?
look on…as 看作
I look on him as a friend.
我把他看作是一位朋友
look into 调查
But he decided to look into it further.
但是他决定深入调查。
look after at for 照顾/看/寻找
look out(for) 当心 look about /around/round 四下查看
look down upon 瞧不起
I advise you not to look down upon him.
我劝你不要小看他。
look back upon 回忆,回顾
Each time I look back upon it, I am always proud of the two years. 每当我回眸此事,我总是对这两年感到自豪。
look sb up and down 仔细打量某人 look ab in the face/eyes 直视某人
19)make up 编造,配制,打扮,组成
I think it's very unkind of you to make up stories about him... 我认为你编造他的谣言很不厚道。
make up for 弥补
You must make up for all the lost time.
你必须把损失了的时间补回来。
Make into /of /from 制成
Collecting and reprocessing a resource or product to make into new products.
收集和再加工资源或产品做成新产品。
make out 弄懂,发现,看出,填写,开列(清单)
I can't make out what you are saying.
我不能理解你说些什么。
Make for 走向,驶往,促使
Do you think the spring festival will make for the worldwide?
你认为春节也会走向世界吗?
20)pass away 去世
Is he serious? Did your mom pass away?
他说真的? 你妈妈去世了?
pass by 经过
You didn't see a girl pass by?
你没看到一个女的经过这?
pass down(on)…to 传给
Pass through 经历
Please pass through the safe gate in order.
pass over 漠视,忽视
21)pay back 还钱,报复
Because I want to pay back to my parents.
因为我要报答我的父母。
pay for 付钱,为…受到惩罚,因…得到报应
pay off 还清
Can you pay off easy debts
22)pick up 拾起,获得(information ), 接人,站起,收听,自然习得(language/knowledge)
获(pick up health)
Where did you pick up your English?...
你在哪儿学的英语?
Young people are picking up ideas about good drugs and bad drugs.
年轻人正在形成毒品有好坏之分的观念。
Pick out 挑选 ,辨认,看出
I can pick out my sister in the crowd.
我能在人群中认出我妹妹。
pick cotton /flower /leaves /words 选词
23)put up 搭起,张贴,举起,安装,投宿,安排住下
恢复重
And could we put up some pictures?
我们可以挂些画吗?
put up with 忍受
I can't put up with this any longer.
我对此再也不能容忍了。
Put out 伸出,扑灭
put off 推迟
We prefer that the meeting will be put off.
我们宁愿将会议延期。
put into 放进,翻译
Put away 放好,存钱
Would you help me put away these things?
你能协助我将这些什物放好么?
put down 记下,平息
Tell your friends to put down their guns.
告诉你的朋友叫他们放下枪.
Put on 穿戴,上映,增加(put on weighr /speed)
put forward 提出,提前
You'll have to put forward an idea.
你必须提出一个想法。
Put through 接通电话
I've just put through a business deal.
我刚完成一桩生意。
put aside 放到一边
Put aside your newspaper and do your work.
丢开你手里的报纸,干活吧。
put back 放回
24)pull down 拆掉,推翻
A small crowd attempted to pull down a statue.
一小伙人试图推倒一尊塑像。
pull on 匆匆穿上 /off 脱
pull in 进站
The van pulled in and waited.
货车停下等候。
Pull out 取出,(火车)离站
Even so, the Chinese did not pull out.
即使如此,中国并没有退出。
pull over 驶到一边
Palmer has his driver to pull over.
帕默叫他的司机靠边停下车。
Pull through 恢复健康,渡过难关,脱离险境
She'll pull through somehow.
不过她总会挨过去的。
pull up (使)停住
What is it? Do you hear me? Pull up!
那是什么? 你听到了吗? 停下来!
25)push over 扒倒,刮倒
push ahead(on,forward) 继续前进,坚持下去
Push through 排除困难办好谋事,努力设法通过,挤过
And we all have to push through that door together.
我们要把这扇门打开,然后我们大伙走进去。
26)run across 偶然碰到
We ran across some old friends in the village.
我们在村里偶然碰见了一些老朋友。
run after 追捕
what are you run after in your life?
你在生命中追求什么?
run away 逃跑
run for 竟选
Mother, should I run for president?
妈妈,我是否该竞选总统?
Run into 偶然碰到 (困难)遇见(人),相撞
I saw that guy run into you; what's his name?
我看到那个人撞到你了他叫什么名字?
run out of 用完
27)see off 送行
Can you wait for me while I see off my friend?
我送我的朋友的时候你能等我一会儿吗?
see through 看透,识破
Her red face made me see through her mind.
她酡颜了,让我看破了她的心思。
see to 照料,照管
I'll see to everything here.
这里的一切我会照料。
28)send for 派人去请
I'll send for a taxi.
我派人去叫出租车。
send off 送行
He sent off copies to different people for them to read and make comments.
他将稿件寄给不同的人,让他们看后提出意见。
Send out 发出(光亮)等
She had sent out well over four hundred invitations that afternoon.
那天下午她发出了远远不止 400 份请柬。
send up 发射
Next year we'll send up a man-made satellite.
明年我们将发射一颗人造卫星。
29)set up 建立
What if we set up a foundation?
如果我们建立一个基金呢?
set off 出发,触发,引起
The next morning, we set off.
次日上午我们出发了。
Set out 动身,着手(to do), 陈述
We now set out to climb the hill.
我们现在出发去爬山。
Set about 开始着手(doing )
He set about his homework right after supper.
他晚饭后立刻开始做家庭作业。
set to work(n) 开始做
They must now set to work making their society better.
他们现在必须开始改善他们的社会。
set back 拨回,使推迟
The bad weather will set back our building plans.
恶劣的天气将推迟我们的营造计划。
30)take off 脱掉,起飞
take on 呈现 雇佣
He didn't want to take on extra responsibilities.
他不想担负额外的责任。
take away 拿走
take in 吸收,领会
Yet the snow does take in a little sunlight.
同时雪也确实吸收了其中一些阳光,
take up 从事,占用(时间空间)
Discussing each map will take up too much time.
论每个地图将会占用太多时间。
take down 记录,取下
I forgot to take down his telephone number.
我忘了记下他的电话号码
take back 收回
We cannot take back words once spoken.
话一旦说出我们不可能收回.
take for 误认为
take along 随身带
Don't forget to take along your belongings with you when you leave the bus.
当你离开巴士的时候不要忘记随身携带你的东西。
take over 接管
To go find someone to take over for you?
去找个人来接替你吗?
take out
31) think of 想起
think of…as 把…看作
I think of myself as a family entrepreneur.
我认为自己是一个家族企业家
think out 想出
Who can think out the solution to the problem?
谁能想出这问题的答案?
think up 想出
I like to think up new ideas.
我就喜欢想出新的点子。
think about 考虑
think over 仔细考虑
I'll think over what he suggested.
我将仔细考虑他的建议。
think well of sb. 对某人看法好
32)turn off /on 打开
turn over 翻身,反复考虑,翻 (书页),翻转
It is difficult to turn over in a hammock.
睡吊床时翻身很困难。
turn out 证明为,结果,制造成品
Unfortunately they do not turn out to be more creative; they only feel that way.
不幸的是,最后他们并没有显示出更多的创造力,这只是他们自己的感觉而已。 turn to 转向,求助
We can turn to him for help.
turn down 调低,拒绝
They were offers he couldn't turn down.
他们的待遇,让他不能拒绝。
turn against 变得敌视反对
No one can make me turn against my country.
没有人能使我背叛我的祖国。
turn away 打发走,驱逐,转过脸去
Will she turn away and walk off?
她会不会扭头便走?
turn back 返回,转回去
turn round 转过身来
T he bus had to back up and turn round.
那辆公共汽车不得不先往后退, 然后再掉头
turn up 向上翻,露面,出现,音量调大
turn in上缴
Please turn in the tests.
请把考卷交上去。
turn upside down 把倒置,弄得乱七八糟
H will turn the neighborhood upside down. I tell you, upside down!
他会把这一片掀个底朝天的. 我可给你说了, 底朝天!