范文一:英语专业四级模拟题
CLOZE [15 MIN.]
The athletic program is expected to bring publicity to the school, attract students, foster student unity, and encourage alumni giving. “The traditional American affinity for sports and___ 26___ for education combined to form an unbeatable attraction. Every Saturday, educated sports heroes performed for an appreciative audience. Fanfare, combat, and hope of victory assured public identification and loyalty.” The most conspicuous function of athletic competition is to ___27___ the image of the institution.
We may want to question the appropriateness of this public relations function. Publicity is not___28___a good thing. If this publicity is scandalous (or even negative), the school has not benefited. There is a university on the banks of the river that sponsors a “Mississippi River Festival” every summer. The “festival,” for the most part, consists of rock concerts. Unfortunately, ___29___ these festivals have been plagued with violence, rape, drunkenness, drug dealing and usage, and automobile accidents, the publicity has to been counter to the kind the festival was designed to produce.___30___ athletics, the public is finding out more about the universities than they would wish.
Does athletic fame attract students? Perhaps it does, ___31___ it would be a stupid engineering student who chose Georgia Tech over M.I.T.___32___ its athletic prowess. Some serious students are “turned off” by a school’s athletic record. Notre Dame, ___33___has an excellent academic program, is unjustly viewed by many as simply a sports mill. Does athletic success foster student unity?
Here again, the ___34___ is not clear. Often students’ enthusiasm is tepid in comparison with that of alumni and townspeople ___35___ when they have difficulty in getting tickets, have to pay a handsome price, or are relegated to seats in the end zone. Does athletic success___36___ public support? Do legislators tend to reward___37___ schools with more generous appropriations? The may have done so in the past, but today, with the closer scrutiny of tax dollars, there are signs that funds will be more ___38___ for activities closer to the heart of the academic mission.
What about alumni giving? Certainly alumni will contribute money for athletic purposes in the case of a few succ essful universities, but the overall record for alumni giving exhibits no such pattern. A careful study of “big -time” schools from 1960 to 1976 yielded this conclusion: “Our statistical analysis has revealed that there is simply no relationship between success or___39___ in football and basketball and increases and decreases in alumni giving.” “In the final analysis, however, the lack of any relationship between success in athletics and increased alumni giving probably matters a great deal less than the fact ___40___ so many people believe that such a relationship exists.”
26. A. support B. consideration C. reverence D. hesitation
27. A. enhance B. enlarge C. realize D. dim
28. A. especially B. necessarily C. exclusively D. definitely
29. A. as B. when C. so long as D. since
30. A. in view of B. considering C. with respect to
D. judging
31. A. but B. yet C. so D. because
32. A. with regard to B. because of C. in spite of
D. except for
33. A. who B. as C. which
D. when
34. A. matter B. case C. problem D. question 35. A. hardly B. especially C. perhaps D. outstandingly
36. A. arouse B. arise C. rise
D. heed
37. A. poor B. important C. prominent D. successful 38. A. valuable B. worthy C. available D. expensive 39. A. failure B. loss C. defeat D. neglect 40. A. as B. that C. which D. why
PART Ⅴ GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARY[15 MIN.
]
41. My niece has been to Sumatra and Iran as well as all of Europe. By the time she’s twenty, she ___ almost everywhere. A. will be B. would have been C. would have been D. would be
42. When workers push together to organize themselves in trade unions, employers find it hard to lay them ____.
43. I’d rather you____ anything about it for the time being.
A. do B. didn’t do C. don’t
D. didn’t
44. We must ____that the procedure is followed as rigidly as possible.
A. secure B. ensure C. assure D. issue
45. I spoke to him kindly____ him.
A. not to frighten B. so as not to frighten C. in order to not frighten
D. for not frightening
46. It is a common theme in many science fiction stories that the world may one day be ____by out space invaders.
A. broken in B. taken over C. run over D. filled in 47. Returning to my apartment____.
A. my watch was missing
B. I found my watch disappeared
C. I found my watch missing
D. the watch was missed 48. Just remember one thing that ____ decisions often lead to bitter regrets.
A. hasty B. prompt C. urgent D. instant
49. “Where’s my cap?” “It’s on the ____.”
A. kitchen counter B. kitchen’s counter C. counter of the kitchen D. counter for the kitchen
50. When he was driving home, he was stopped by the policeman and was ____ of speeding.
A. charged B. blamed C. accused
D. warned 51. In the Middle East area, oil is found in ____ and its production has been able to keep up with world demand.
A. efficiency B. abundance C. elegance
D. elaboration 52. Even on Sundays, fewer people go to____ church than before.
A. the B. a C. / D. that
53. Other people’s advice would be ____
valuable to him who is at present at his wit’s end.
A. exceedingly B. exclusively C. intensively D. excessively
54. “Do you think that the labor bill will be passed?”
“Oh, yes. It’s ____
that it will.”
A. almost surely B. very likely C. near positive
D. quite certainly
55. Would you please come and help me with this form because I don’t know how to ____it.
A. set aside B. set up C. set off D. set about
56. During the rush hours, a policeman directs traffic at the intersection, and ____there have been no accidents.
A. as of now B. to the present C. up until currently D. so far
57. Mr. Johnson had one eye injured in an accident, but after a ____ operation, he quickly recovered his sight.
A. precise B. delicate C. sensitive
D. considerate 58. Gunpowder was discovered in the twelfth century, but____.
A. man did not put it to use in war two hundred years later
B. until two centuries more it was used in war
C. not used in warfare until two hundred years later D. in warfare did not use it two hundred years afterwards 59. “What’s the matter with that picture on the wall?”
“It needs ____.”
A. straightening B. to be straightening C. straightened D. straighten
60. The medical report contains a (an) ____of words which are comparatively seldom used in ordinary conversation.
A. altitude B. attitude C. multitude D. latitude
61. He has spent a large ____of money on his new house.
A. much B. amount C. number D. piece
62. In the past most bus drivers have been men, but today the number of women ____ this field is climbing.
A. devoting B. engaging C. registering
D. pursuing
63. As a matter of fact, Saudi Arabia’s oil reserves ____ those of Kuwait.
64. During our stay in London, we paid a visit to the hospital founded ____the nurse Florence Nightingale.
A. in line with B. in honor of C. in favor of D. in place of
65. James has just arrived, but I didn’t know he ____ until yesterday.
A. will come B. was coming C. had been coming D. comes PART Ⅵ READING COMPREHENSION[30 MIN.]
TEXT A
The Chinese of 3,500 years ago believed that the earth was a chariot, and the sky like a curved canopy stretched above it. The canopy was nine layers thick, and it sloped slightly to the northwest, as a cataclysm had broken one of its supporting columns. This gentle slope explained the movement of the stars from east to west.
According to these ancient Chinese beliefs, the sun spent the night on earth and ascended to the sky each morning from the luminous valley of the east by climbing the branches of an immensely tall sacred tree. To the Chinese people, the sun was the incarnation of goodness, beauty, and truth. In popular imagination, the sun was represented as a cock that little by little assumed human form. His battles with the dragons, which personified evil in their beliefs, accounted for the momentary disappearances of the sun that men now call eclipses. Many of the Chinese people worshiped the sun, but in the vast and complicated organization of the Chinese gods, the sun was of only secondary importance.
Along with these unsophisticated beliefs about the sun, the Chinese evolved a science of astronomy based upon observation —— though essentially religious—— which enabled them to predict eclipses of the sun and the movements of the stars.
Such predictions were based on calculations made by using a gnomon—— an object whose shadow could be used as a measure, as with a sundial or simpler shadow pointers. Moreover, with the naked eye, the Chinese observed sunspot, a phenomenon not then known to their contemporaries.
66. The sun’s disappearances were thought to be caused by____.
A. fights with cocks B. fights with dragons C. a scientific phenomenon D. eclipses
67. Ancient Chinese astronomy could be accurately described as ____.
A. entirely religious in nature B. based on legendary figures
C. advantages in some areas
D. completely unsuccessful
68. What is implied in this passage? A. The sun was worshiped by all the Chinese people. B. The sun was thought of as a cock.
C. Chinese religion and astronomy were closely interrelated. D. Sundials were first used by the Chinese. TEXT B
The oceans are the main source of humidity, but plants also pour moisture into the air. In one day, a five-acre forest can release 20,000 gallons of water, enough to fill an average swimming pool, A dryer extracts moisture from wet clothes, adding to humidity. Even breathing contributes to this sticky business. Every time we exhale, we expel nearly one pint of moist air into the atmosphere.
Using sophisticated measuring devices, science is learning more and more about the far-reaching and often surprising impact humidity has on all of us.
Two summers ago angry callers phoned American Television and Communicati ons Corp.’s cable -TV operation in northeastern Wisconsin, complaining about fuzzy pictures and poor reception. “What happened,” said the chief engineer, “was that the humidity was interfering with our signals.” When a blast of dry air invaded the state, th e number of complaints dropped sharply.
Humidity plays hob with our mechanical world as well. Water condensation on the playing heads and tapes of videocassette recorders produces a streaky picture. Humidity shortens the life of flashlight and smoke-detector batteries. When the weather gets sticky, the rubber belts that power the fan, air conditioner and alternator under the hood of our cars can get wet and squeak.
Moisture also causes pianos to go out of tune, often in no time flat. At the Wolf Trap Farm Park for the Performing Arts in Vienna, Va., pianos are tuned twice a day during the summer concert season. Often a tuner stands in the wings,
Humidity speeds the deterioration of treasured family pho tos and warps priceless antiques. Your home’s wooden support beams, doors and window framers absorb extra moisture and expand-swelling up to three percent depending on the wood, its grain and the setting.
Too much moisture promotes blight that attacks potato and green-bean crops—— adding to food costs. It also causes rust in wheat, which can affect grain-product prices.
Humidity affects our health, as well. We get more migraine headaches, ulcer attacks, blood clots and skin rashes in hot, humid weather. Since 1987, the Health, Weight and Stress Clinic at Johns Hopkins Hospital in Baltimore has tested over 1700 patients for responses to high humidity. They have reported increased dizziness, stomachaches, chest pains, cramps, and visual disturbances such as double and blurred vision.
69. The main idea of the passage is about ____.
A. the main source of humidity
B. the impact of humidity on our world and ourselves
C. how humidity affect our life
D. the damage humidity has done to our world
70. Which of the following is NOT included as source of humidity in this passage?
A. Oceans. B. Plants. C. Air. D. Dryers. 71. Why does a tuner often stand in the wings?
A. So it can be reached any time.
B. It is so designed mechanically.
C. So it can prevent moisture.
D. The piano needs to be tuned frequently.
72. What can be inferred from this passage?
A. Nowadays science is learning more and more about the impact humidity has on all of us by using sophisticated
measuring devices.
B. Humidity could interfere with television signals.
C. Humidity may warp priceless antiques.
D. Visual disturbances may decrease in days of low humidity.
TEXT C
Londoners are great readers. They buy vast numbers of newspapers and magazines and even of books—— especially paperbacks, which are still comparatively cheap in spite of ever-increasing rises in the costs of printing. They still continue to buy `proper’ books, too, printed on good paper and bound between hard covers.
There are many streets in London containing shops which specialize in book-selling. Perhaps the best known of these is Charing Cross Road in the very heart of London. Here bookshops of all sorts and sizes are to be found, from the celebrated one which boasts of being “the biggestbookshop in the world” to the tiny dusty little places which seem to have been left over from Dickens’ time. Some of these shops stock, or will obtain, any kind of book, but many of them specialize-in second-hand books, in art books, in foreign books, in books on philosophy, politics or any other of the numberless subjects about which books may be written. One shop in this area specializes solely in books about ballet! Although it may be the most convenient place for Londoners to buy books, Charing Cross Road is not the cheapest. For the really cheap second-hand volume, the collectors must venture off the beaten track, to Farringdon Road, for example, in the East Central district of London. Here there is nothing so grandiose as bookshops. Instead, the booksellers come along each morning and tip out their sacks of books on to small barrows which line the gutters. And the collectors, some professional and some amateur, who have been waiting for them, punce upon the dusty cascade. In places like this one can
still, occasionally, pick up for a few pence an old volume that may be worth many pounds.
Both Charing Cross Road and Farringdon Road are well-known haunts of the book buyer. Yet all over London there are bookshops, in places not so well known, where the wares are equally varied and exciting. It is in the sympathetic atmosphere of such shops that the ardent book buyer feels most at home. In these shops, even the lifelong book-browser is frequently rewarded by the accidental discovery of previously unknown delights. One could, in fact, easily spend a lifetime exploring London’s bookshops. There are many less pleasant ways of spending time!
73. In the bookshops of Charing Cross Road you can get____.
A. new books of any kind B. tiny dusty books
74. The book-browser ____.
A. never gets tired of exploring London’s bookshops
B. has many other pleasant ways of spending time
C. always stays at home reading D. goes to bookshops to kill time every day 75. According to the passage the best-known bookshops are ____.
A. in the East Central district B. throughout the city
C. in some parts of the city D. in the center of the city 76. This passage tells us that ____.
A. Londoners have plenty of time to read books B. Londoners are rich enough to buy various books
C. Londoners enjoy collecting and reading books D. Londoners prefer second-hand books.
TEXT D
They are among the 250,000 people under the age of 25 who are out of work in the Netherlands, a group that accounts for 40 percent of the nation’s unemployed. A storm of anger boils up at the government -sponsored youth center, even among those who are continuing their studies.
“We study for jobs that don’t exist,” Nicollets Steggerda, 23, said.
After three decades of prosperity, unemployment among 10 member nations of the European Community has exceeded 11 percent, affecting a total of 12.3 million people, and the number is climbing.
The bitter disappointment long expressed by British youths is spreading across the Continent. The title of a rock song
“No Future” can now be seen written on the brick walls of closed factories in Belgium and France.
Recent surveys have found that the increasing argument in the last few years over the deployment in Europe of North Atlantic Treaty Organization missiles and the possibility of nuclear war have clouded European youths’ confidence in the future.
One form of protest tends to put the responsibility for a country’s economic troubles on the large numbers of “guest workers” from Third World nations, people welcomed in Western Europe in the years of prosperity.
Young Europeans, brought up in an extended period of economic success and general stability, seem to resemble Americans more than they do their own parents. Material enjoyment has given them a sense of expectation, even the right, to a standard of living that they see around them.
“And so we pass the days at the disco, or meet people at the café, and sit and stare,” said Isabella Gault. “There is
usually not much conversation. You look for happiness. Sometimes you even find it.”
77. What Nicollets Steggerda said (Paragraph 2) means that____.
A. school education is not sufficient
B. what the students learn is more than necessary
C. the students cannot get work after graduation
D. the students’ aim in study is not clear
78. Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A. The rock song “No Future” is an expression of the disappointment of European youth. B. 40% of the guest workers are out of work in Western Europe now.
C. European youths are worried about a new world war in the future.
D. Widespread unemployment is beyond European youth’s expectation. 79. British youths ____. A. are trying to find work on the Continent B. are sympathetic with the unemployed on the Continent C. have been the first to show their disappointment over joblessness D. show their concern for unemployment in France and Belgium
80. It seems that young Europeans ____. A. look upon life as their elders do
B. are more like Americans than their elders in their way of thinking C. look more like Americans than their elders do
D. expect more from Americans than from their elders
PART Ⅳ
CLOZE
26— 30 CABDC
31— 35 ABCBB
36— 40 ADCAB
PART Ⅴ GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARY 41— 45 CADBB
46— 50 BCAAC
51— 55 BCABD
56— 60 DBCAC
61— 65 BDDBB
PART Ⅵ
READING COMPREHENSION
66— 68 BCC 69— 72 BCDD 73— 76 DADC 77— 80 CBCB
范文二:四级模拟题
四级模拟?题?
四级?模拟?题?
四级?模拟?题?Par?t ?I ?Wr?it?in?gt?o ?pr?od?ue? e?ve?rt?hi?ng? f?ro?m ?li?fe? ?sav?in?g ??drug?s ?to? p?er?fe?t ?ba?ll? b?ea??ring?s.? ?
Oth?er? s?ie?nt?is?ts? h?av?e ?de?si?gn?ed? s?pa?e ?ol?on?ie?s,? p?le?te? i?th? ?far?ms?, ?sh??ools?,a?nd? a?rt?if?ii?al? d?a ?an??d ni?gh?t.? H?un?dr?ed?s,? o?r ?ev??en ?tho?us?an?ds?, ?of? p?eo?pl?e ?il?l ?li?ve?, ?or?k,?pl?a?—ev?en?? go ?to?sh?oo?l,? f?ar? ?abo?ve? t?he? E?ar?th?. ?
Ou?r ?on?qu?es?t ?of? s?pa?e,? o?f ?ou?rs?e,? h?as? a?lr?ea?d ?be?gu?n.? W?e ?ha?ve? ?exp??lore?d ?pa?rt? o?f ?th?e ?Mo?on?, ??sent? r?ob?ot? s?pa?es?hi?ps? ?
ont?o ?th?e ?su?rf?-a?e ?of? V?en?us? a?nd? M?ar?s,? a?nd? a?im?ed? s?pa?e ?pr?ob?es? ?pas?t ?th?e ?pl?an?et??s of? J?up?it?er? a?nd? S?at?ur?n.??
Las?t ?Ju?ne?, ?on?e ?ro?bo?t ?sh?ip?, ?Pi?on?ee?r ?10?, ?le?ft? o?ur? s?ol?ar? s?st?em? ?for?ev?er?. ??Anda?st?ro?na?ut?s ?fr?om? b?ot?h ??the ?So?vi?et? U?ni?on? a?nd? t?he?? Uni?te?d ?St?at?es? h?av?e ?li?ve?d ?in? s?pa?es?ta?ti?on?s.? ?
The?? onq?ue?st? o?f ?sp?ae?, ?it?ho?ut?? que?st?io?n,? i?s ?on?e ?of? t?he?? gre?at?es?t ?ad?ve?nt?ur?es? h?um?an? b?ei?ng?s ?ha?ve? e?ve?r ?se?t ?ou?t ?on?. ?Bu?t ?it? ?ma ?be? m??ore ?th?an? a? g?re?at? a?dv?en?tu??re. ?So?me? s?ie?nt?is?ts? ?thi?nk? t?he? o?nq?ue?st? o?f ?sp?ae? m?a ?be? a? n?ee??ssit? f?or? s?ur?vi?va?l ?of? t?he? ?hum?an? s?pe?ie?s.??We a?re? t?ea?ri?ng? u?p ?mo?re? a??nd m?or?e ?of? t?he? E?ar?th? ?to ?ge?t ?ra? m?at?er?ia?ls? f?or? i?nd?us?tr?. ?
An?d ?e ?ar?e ?po?ll?ut?in?g ?th?e ?ai?r ?an?d ?at?er? a?s ?e ?ma?nu?fa?tu?re? p?ro?du?ts? ?tha??t e ?ne?ed? o?r ?an?t.? A?lm?os?t ??ever?th?in?g ?th?at? s?ee?ms? t?o ??make? o?ur? l?iv?es? ?mor?e ?fo?rt?ab?le?, ?an?d ?fr?om? ?
ele?tr?ii??t to? p?es?ti?id?es?, ?us?es? u?p ??or a?lt?er?s ?a ?pi?ee? o?f ?ou?r ??plan?et?’s? ?nat?ur?al? e?nv?ir?on?me?nt?. ?
Wh? G?o ?in?to? S?pa?e?? ?
Yet? o?ur? s?ol?ar? s?st?em? i?s ??full? o?f ?re?so?ur?es?. ?Th?e ?mo??on i?s ?ho?kf?ul?l ?of? ?val?ua?bl?e ?me?ta?ls?. ?So? a?re? t?he? a?st?er?oi?ds?, ?th?e ?sm?al?l,? r?ok?, ?pl?an?et? ?lik?e ?bo?di?es? o?rb??itin?g ?th?e ?su?n ?mo?st? o?f ?th?em? b?et?ee?n ?Ma?rs? a?nd? ?Jup?it?er?. ?Th?es?e ?me?ta?ls?, ?if? e? a?n ?ge?t ?th?em?, ?ou?ld? b?e ?us?ed? ?
ou’?d ?li?ke? t?o.? S?pa?e ?tr?av?el? o??uld ?ma?ke? o?u ?se?as?ik?! ?
Ye?t,? t?he??se r?is?ks? o?n’?t ?ke?ep? p?eo?pl?e ?fr??om g?oi?ng? ?
int?o ?sp?ae?. ?Ev?en?tu?al?l,? a?n ?Ea?rt??h li?ke? e?nv?ir?on?me?nt? i?ll? b?e ?bu?il?t ?in? ?spa?e.? A?nd?? the? i?ll? b?e ?po?pu?la?te?d ?b ?pe?op??le i?th? m?an? d?if?fe?re?nt? ?int?er?es?ts?: ?me?di?in?e,? o?ns?tr?ut?io?n,? f?ar?mi?ng?, ?te?ah?in?g,? m?in?in?g,? a?nd? ?so ?on?. ?
Th?e ?ne?xt? h?un?dr?ed? e?ar??s il?l ?be? ?
fil?le?d ?it?h ?ot?he?r ?or?ld?l ?ad?ve?nt?ur?es?, ?ex?it?in?g ?si?en?ti?fi? ?dis??over?ie?s,? a?nd? d?an?ge??r, a?s ?hu?ma?ns? l?ea?ve? E?ar?th?—?per?ha?ps? ?for?ev?er?. ?
?
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范文三:四级模拟题
四级模拟题-C
编题目 选项 分正确号 值 答案 1 下列哪些脂类属于“固定脂”或(A)磷脂(B)甘油三脂 2 ACDE
不动脂? (C)糖脂
(D)类固醇(E)脑苷脂
2 下列哪些是维生素A急性中毒(A)食欲减退(B)烦渴与多尿 2 ACD
的表现? (C)嗜睡或过度兴奋(D)头痛
(E)心率快而失常
3 下列哪些是维生素B的主要生(A)降低血浆同型半胱氨酸水平(B)参2 ABC 6
理功能? 与氨基酸代谢(C)参与糖原与脂肪酸
代谢(D)促进神经递质合成
(E)抑制胆碱酯酶的活性
4 畜禽的肝肾与肌肉比较,哪些营(A)蛋白质(B)脂肪 2 BCDE
养素含量差别较大? (C) 维生素A (D)核黄素(E)硫胺素 5 下列哪些因素影响维生素B的(A)饮茶(B)蛋白质(C)酗酒(D)叶酸过2 ACD 1
吸收 多(E)脂肪
6 下列哪些食物属碱性食品 (A)蔬菜(B)豆类(C)水果(D)肉类(E)蛋2 AC
类
7 碘通过合成甲状腺素发挥哪些(A)促进生物氧化(B)参与血凝过程2 ACDE
生理功能 (C)促进糖和脂肪代谢(D)调节水盐代
谢(E)增强酶活力
8 下列哪些不是维生素B的主要(A)葡萄糖耐量因子的组成成分(B)抑2 ADE 1
生理功能 制胆碱酯酶的活性(C)转酮醇酶的辅
酶(D)参与糖原与脂肪酸代谢(E)促进
神经递质合成
9 下列哪些方法可明显增减食物(A)加入调味品(B)调整搭配原料(C)2 AB
滋味 提高烹调温度(D)延长烹调时间(E)改
变食物形状
10 下列宜冷冻储存食品是 (A)生肉(B)熟肉制品(C)奶油(D)鸡蛋2 AE
(E)鱼类
11 下列哪几项是食物频数法所不(A)食物每日购进量(B)消耗的食物种2 ADE
需要 类(C) 消耗的食物频数(D)每月食物
购进量(E)食物消耗总量
12 良质百叶的特点是 (A)呈深黄色(B)无光泽(C)薄厚度均2 CE
匀(D)粘手(E)无异味
13 良质鲜蛋手握蛋窑洞或相互碰(A)嘎嘎声(B)空空声(C)声音清晰(D)2 CD
击发出的声音特点是 摇动无声(E)哑声
14 哪些人不宜多饮茶 (A)缺铁性贫血患者(B)老年人(C)营2 ACE
养不良者(D)肥胖患者(E)溃疡病患者 15 计算食物实际消耗量时需要下(A)每日购进食物量(B) 每日购进食2 ABCD
列哪些数据? 物量(C)每日废弃食物量(D)剩余食物E
量(E)食物原结存量
16 在膳食调查方法中询问法包括 (A)称重法(B)记账法(C)24小时膳食2 CDE
回顾法(D)膳食史法(E)食物频率法
17 下列氨基酸中,哪种不是人体的(A)异亮氨酸(B)胱氨酸(C)酪氨酸(D)2 BC
必需氨基酸 苏氨酸(E)蛋氨酸
18 下列哪些是锌的主要生理功能 (A)促进食欲(B)维护正常的造血机能2 ACD
(C)参与免疫功能(D)维护维生素A
的正常代谢和生理功能(E)保护毛发
正常的色素和结构
19 “三高一低”膳食的主要缺点是 (A)容易引起传染病(B)营养常过剩2 BC
(C)导致“富裕性疾病”(D)缺钙(E)
容易发生营养缺乏病
20 烟酸在下列哪种情况稳定 (A)酸(B)碱(C)热(D)光(E)氧 2 ABCD
E 21 下列哪个脏器能大量存储维生(A)肾(B)肝(C)心(D)肺 1 B
素A
22 下列哪个脏器或组织存储维生(A)脂肪组织(B)肝(C)心(D)肺 1 A
素D较多
23 维生素D在下述哪个部位被转(A)肝(B)肾(C)脂肪组织(D)脾 1 A
化为25-二羟基维生素D
24 维生素D可耐受最高摄入量每(A)20微克(B) 30微克(C) 40微克(D) 1 A
日为 50微克
(C) 维1 B 125 下列哪种维生素可抑制胆碱酯(A) 维生素A (B) 维生素B
生素C (D) 烟酸 酶的活性
26 下列哪种维生素是黄酶的辅酶 (A) 维生素A (B) 维生素B (C) 维1 C 1
生素B (D) 维生素C 2
27 下列哪个是烟酸的主要生理功(A)抑制胆碱酯酶的活性(B)构1 B
能? 成辅酶?及辅酶?(C)促进神经递
质合成(D)转酮醇酶的辅酶 28 维生素B6的需要量不受下列(A)膳食脂肪水平(B)甲状腺的
哪些因素的影响? 机能(C)口服避孕药(D)膳食蛋1 A
白质水平 29 下列哪种是叶酸的主要生理功(A)构成辅酶?及辅酶?(B)参1 B
能之一? 与同型半光氨酸与单氨酸之间的互
(C)抑制胆碱酯酶的活性(D)葡
萄糖耐量因子的组成成分
30 化学分析法膳食调查需要下(A)收集同样一份生食物(B)收1 B
列哪些资料和样品? 集同样一份饭菜(C)食物的来源(D)
食物的品种
31 下列哪种元素不是常量元素? (A)钙(B)钴(C)氯(D)钾 1 B 32 下列哪种物质有助于钙吸收? (A)膳食脂肪过多(B)乳糖(C)1 B
碱性磷酸盐(D)四环素
33 下列哪种物质有助于镁吸收? (A)磷(B)膳食纤维(C)蛋白质1 C
(D)草酸
34 下列哪个是磷的主要生理功能(A)抑制胆碱酯酶的活性(B)参1 C
之一? 与血凝的过程(C)核酸的重要成分
(D)促进神经递质的合成
35 下列哪种食物中铁的吸收率最(A)卵黄(B)肉类(C)鱼粉(D)1 B
高? 大豆
36 低温储存主要用于下列哪种食(A)粮谷类(B)食用油脂(C)面1 D
品? 包(D)鱼类
37 锌在下列哪种组织中分布最(A)肝(B)骨骼(C)肌肉(D)1 C
高? 血液
38 铜在下列哪种组织中分布最(A)头发(B)脾(C)甲状腺(D)1 A
高? 胸腺
39 硒在下列哪种组织中分布最(A)肝脏(B)肾(C)心肌(D)1 B
高? 血液
40 下列哪种矿物质是葡萄糖耐(A)硒(B)铬(C)锌(D)铜 B
量因子的组成成分? 1 41 胚乳哪些营养素含量最丰(A)碳水化合物(B)脂肪(C)维1 A
富? 生素(D)矿物质
42 下列哪种食物中含有胡萝卜(A)粳米(B)黄玉米(C)小麦(D)1 B
素? 籼米
43 称重法膳食调查的最大优(A)快捷(B)方便(C)准确(D)1 C
点? 易于进行
44 下列哪种豆类食品消化率最(A)熟豆粒(B)熟豆浆(C)豆腐1 C
高? (D)生豆浆
45 下列哪种蔬菜的核黄素最(A)白菜(B)菠菜(C)韭菜(D)1 D
高? 金针菜
46 下列哪种水果的维生素C含量(A)橘子(B)葡萄(C)鲜枣(D)1 C
最高? 苹果 47 下列动物食品中,哪种食物的(A)牛肉(B)鸡肉(C)鸡蛋(D)1 C
蛋白质的营养价值 鸭肉
最高?
48 关于推荐量,下列哪种说法正(A)可以个体每日摄入该营养素的1 A
确? 目标值(B)可满足该人群50%的需
要(C)可满足某一性别的需要(D)
是指膳食的需要量
49 哪种水产动物的含脂肪最(A)鲫鱼(B)河鳗(C)黄鳝(D) B
高? 对虾 1
50 乳类蛋白质以哪种蛋白质为(A)乳白蛋白(B)酪蛋白 1 B
主? (C)乳球蛋白(D)免役球蛋白 51 下列哪种食用油含亚油酸最(A)豆油(B)花生油 1 C
高? (C)玉米油(D)菜籽油
52 对于厨房各部位产生垃圾,较(A)存放垃圾筒内(B)清扫到角1 D
好的处理方法是: 落里(C)存放在清洗间(D)存放
在带盖的垃圾筒内,并及时清理运走 53 良质豆腐的特点是: (A)有豆腥味(B)质地细嫩(C)1 B
无光泽(D)触之易碎
54 良质粉丝、粉条的特点是: (A)微有光泽(B)无井条(C)色1 B
泽稍暗(D)粗细不均
55 人造奶油的特点是: (A)呈白色(B)滋味的平淡(C)1 C
切面整齐(D)刀切开有水珠
56 老茄子的特点是: (A)重量一般小(B)颜色乌黑(C)1 C
肉籽容易分离(D)籽肉不易分离
57 新鲜猪肝的特点是: (A)灰褐色(B)组织松软(C)棕1 C
红色(D)有肝色素沉着
58 新鲜河蟹的特点是: (A) 腹部中央沟色泽暗 1 B
(B) 腹部中央沟呈灰褐色
(C) 体表色泽微暗
(D) 鳃丝清晰
59 良质奶粉的特点是: (A)色泽均匀一致,呈淡黄色(B)1 A
乳香味平淡(C)色泽呈浅白或灰暗
(D)有松散的结块
60 餐饮服务人员每隔多长时间须(A)半年(B)一年(C)一年半(D)1 B
至少进行一次健康检查? 二年
61 关于可耐受最高摄入量入量,下(A)达到此水平时对人体可能有益(B)1 C
列种些说法不正确? 是一个摄入水平的建议量(C)指平均
每日可以摄入的最高量(D)摄入量一
旦达到UL值,就会产生毒害作用 62 下列制做米饭方法中,营养素损(A)捞饭不弃汤(B)捞饭弃汤(C)1 B
失最多的是: 蒸饭(D)煮饭
63 下列各种面食中,维生素B2保(A)煮面条(B)烙饼(C)烧饼(D)1 C
留最多的是: 油炸条
64 下列哪种情况,对蔬菜中维生素(A)烹调的温度(B)水浸泡的时间(C)1 C
B2损失的影响最大? 烹调前放置的时间(D)烹调时翻动的
次数
65 蜂蜜中哪种糖的含量最多? (A)果糖(B)葡萄糖(C)蔗糖(D)1 A
麦芽糖 66 下列哪种食物在高温加热时不(A)猪肉(B)黄鱼(C)豆腐(D)1 D
易产生有害蛋白质劣变产物? 马铃薯
67 做面食时,下列哪些烹调方法不(A)尽量采用蒸、烙方法(B)少用酵1 B
正确? 母发面(C)充分利用煮面和水饺汤(D)
不加或少加碱
68 蔬菜要开汤下菜的主要目的是: (A)减少蔬菜中矿物质的破坏(B)减1 C
少水溶性维生素流失(C)减少蔬菜中
酶对营养素的分解(D)防止蔬菜感官
性质变差
69 餐饮加工人员每隔多长时间必(A)半年(B)一年(C)一年半(D)1 B
须至少进行一次健康检查? 二年
70 150克鸡蛋饼用去90克面粉和(A)45克(B)30克(C)15克(D)1 B
45克鸡蛋,食用100克鸡蛋饼含50克
的鸡蛋数量:
71 下列哪个公式是正确的? (A)RNI=EAR+2SD(B)RNI=1.5?1 AD
EAR(C)RNI=2?EAR(D)RNI=1.2
?EAR
72 制定UL值时,下列哪项可除外 (A)营养素补充剂(B)食物(C)饮水(D)药1 D
物
73 下列的叙述哪项是错的 (A)EAR是个体需要量的最佳估计值1 D
(B)营养素摄入量低于EAR时须提高摄
入水平(C)摄入量在EAR和RNI之间
者,也可能需要改善(D) 摄入量在EAR
和RNI之间者,不会出现问题
74 下列关于“三高一低”膳食的说 (A)高能量、高蛋白、高脂肪、低纤维1 D
法,哪一种是不正确的 (B)优点是膳食质量好(C)缺点是易导
致“富裕性疾病”(D)以日本为代表 75 对食品和食品原辅料进行味觉(A)首先要清理口腔(B)先用舌尖轻轻1 D
检查时,下列哪种做法或描述不的沾少许食品(C)将品尝到的滋味与色
正确? 泽、气味联系起来综合判定(D)所有熟
食品都可进行味觉检查
76 针对婴儿的膳食指南主要强调(A)鼓励母乳喂养(B)吃好早餐(C)注意1 A
两点,其中一点是 户外活动(D)少吃零食
77 针对青少年的膳食指南主要强(A)多吃谷类,供给充足的能量(B)保证1 A
调三点,其中一点是 吃好早餐(C)重视户外活动(D)每日饮
奶
78 中国居民膳食平衡宝塔建议每(A)25克(B)50 克(C)100克(D)200克 1 A
人每天油脂摄入量为
79 稳定粮食主要是为了防止: (A)脂肪过多(B)VC缺乏(C)铁过多1 A
(D)VA过多
80 碘通过甲状腺素可促进那种维(A)叶酸(B)烟酸(C)维生素C(D)维生素1 B
生素的吸收和利用 E
范文四:四级模拟题
期末模拟复习题
I listening Comprehension (15 minutes) (20’)
Section A(7*1’=7’)
Directions: In this section, you will hear 7 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.
注意:此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
1. A) The woman is now working in a kindergarten.
B) The man will soon start a business of his own.
C) The man would like to be a high school teacher.
D) The woman is going to major in child education.
2. A) The furniture has to be rearranged.
B) The sound equipment has to be set up.
C) The conference room has to be cleaned.
D) The video machine has to be checked.
3. A) She is exhausted. C) She cannot finish work in time.
B) She is near-sighted. D) She cannot go straight home.
4. A) The woman is too particular about food.
B) He would rather have a meal an hour later.
C) The woman should order her food quickly.
D) He usually prefers ice-cream to sandwiches.
5. A). More than 18,000 B). About 20,000
C). More than 2,000 D). Fewer than 2,000
6. A). 5:15 B).5:05 C). 5:00 D). 4:55
7. A). $9.8
B). $14
C). $30
D). $70
Section B (7*2’=14’)
Directions: In this section, you will hear 2 short passages. The passage will be spoken only once. You must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C)and D). Then mark the corresponding letter with a single line through the center.
Passage One
Questions 8 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.
8. The word “diet ” now_____.
A). has acquired a new meaning
B). keeps its original meaning
C). has the same meaning as eating
D). keeps changing its meanings
9. There was a time when women _____.
A). looked like men with their waist bound
B). bound their waist as men did
C). tried to keep a narrow waist with belts
D). kept a good figure with men?s belts
10. The speaker talks of Princess Diana and Karen Carpenter as____.
A). model dieters
B). victims of dieting
C). pioneers of dieting
D). unpleasant dieters
11.Looking good should come with ____.
A). new health problems
B). a doctor?s good diet
C). good eating habits and proper exercise
D). the risk of your health and life
Passage Two
Questions 12 to 14 are based on the passage you have just heard.
12.Students living in college dorms______.
A). don?t work as hard as day students
B). seldom become top students
C). often encounter interpersonal problems
D). are becoming lazier and lazier
13.Students have unhappy relationships with their roommates partly because_____.
A). they tend to focus on their roommates? negative aspects
B). their roommates are really difficult to please
C). their roommates don?t have many positive aspects
D). they want more independence and freedom in the dorm
14. To enjoy better relationships with your roommates , you must______.
A). talk freely with each other
B). view them as people
C). have breakfast with them often
D). help them whenever necessary
Section C (9*1’=9’)
Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea,. when the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the missing information. You can either use the exact words you have just heard, or write down the main point in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.
Many people tolerate bad service or products rather than make a complaint. They feel
that complaining won ?t do any good. In fact ,they are wrong :Complaining works because companies don ?t want customers. If you have a complaint ,do something about it right away. The longer you wait ,the harder it will be to get your complaint settled. First, you can complain to one of the clerks .If they cannot help you ,then ask politely to speak to a manager. Also, many stores have Customer Service representatives whose job is to solve problems in
customer relations. These people are eager to assist because companies realize that dissatisfied your rights as a customer. You have the right to receive a product you ordered in a timely manner and in a good condition .With airlines , you have the right to be on the flight you?ve booked. You can also if you receive —a hotel room with a view of a brick wall instead of an ocean view, for example.
Part II Reading Comprehension (30 minutes) (40’)
Section A (10*1’=10’)
Questions 36-46 are based on the following passage.
Britain is not just one country and one people; even if some of its inhabitants think so. Britain is, in fact, a nation which can be divided into several (36) __ parts, each part being an individual country with its own language, character and cultural (37) __. Thus Scotland, Northern Ireland and Wales do not claim to (38) __ to "England" because their inhabitants are not (39) __ "English". They are Scottish, Irish or Welsh and many of them prefer to speak their own native tongue, which in turn is (40) ___ to the others.
These cultural minorities (少数名族) have been Britain's original inhabitants. In varying degrees they have managed to (41) __ their national characteristics, and their particular customs and way of life. This is probably even more true of the (42)___areas where traditional life has not been so affected by the (43) __ of industrialism as the border areas have been. The Celtic races are said to be more emotional by nature than the English. An Irish temper is legendary. The Scots would rather(44) __ about their reputation for excessive thrift and prefer to be remembered for their folk songs and dances, while the Welsh are famous for their singing. The Celtic (45) __ as a whole produces humorous writers and artists, such as the Irish Bernard Shaw, the Scottish Robert Bums, and the Welsh Dylan Thomas, to mention but a few.
A)incomprehensible
B)temper
C) remote
D) separate
E) understandable
F) forget
G) generally
H) temperament
I) preserve
J) strictly
K) traditions
L) reserve
M) growth
N) apply
O) belong
36、第(36)题___________
37、第(37)题___________
38、第(38)题___________
39、第(39)题___________
40、第(40)题___________
41、第(41)题___________
42、第(42)题___________
43、第(43)题___________
44、第(44)题___________
45、第(45)题___________
Section B (15*2 = 30’)
Directions: There are 3 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B),C) and D).You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.
Passage 1
Questions 34 to38 are based on the following passage.
Friendship is one of the basic bonds between human beings. While the characteristics of friendship might vary from one country to another, people from all cultures not only enjoy friends but need them.
Many studies have shown that teenagers who have no friends often suffer from psychological disorders. It has been shown that teenagers, perhaps more than any other age group, need companionship and a sense of belonging. The negative consequences of loneliness have also been observed among the elderly. The death of a spouse often leaves a widow or a widower totally bereft. If, however, they are surrounded by friends and relatives and if they are able to articulate their feelings, they are more likely to recover from their grief.
“No man is an island.” In other words, we are all parts of society. We all need the love, admiration, respect and moral support of other people. If we are fortunate, our friends will provide us with all of these necessary aspects of life.
As most people observe, there are many levels of friendship. The degree or intensity of friendship varies depending on the personality of the individuals involved and the context of the relationships. Extroverts enjoy being surrounded by many people whereas introverts are perhaps content with fewer but more intense friendships.
Everyone is not equally open with all their friends. The degree of intimacy is determined by many factors. Close friends can be formed at any stage in one?s life but they are usually very rare. Not very many people have more than a few really close friends. Irrespective of the level of intimacy, all friendships are based on reciprocity, honesty and a certain amount of love and affection.
31.The second paragraph implies that ______.
A)teenagers without friends will suffer from psychological problems
B)a widow or a widower will die very soon without companionship
C)human beings need companionship and a sense of belonging
D)both A and B
32. “No man is an island”(Line 1, Para. 3) implies that ______.
A)everyone is a part of an island
B)man cannot be an island
C)everyone is just a part of society
D)society is an island
33. The degree of intimacy of friendship mainly depends on ______.
A)age
B)belonging
C)personality
D)culture
34. The author thinks that close friends ______.
A)can be easily formed when one is young
B)cannot be long-lasting
C)are not rare for everyone
D)are rare for most people
35.The word “irrespective”(Last sentence, Para. 5) means _____.
A)not respecting
B)dishonoring
C)regardless
D)considering
Passage Two
Questions39 to 43 are based on the following passage.
There are many ways of defining success. It is accurate to say that each of us has our own concept of success to the extent that each of us is responsible for setting our own goals and determining whether we have met these goals satisfactorily. Because each of us possesses unique differences in genetic ability and favorable environments in which to express these abilities, it is necessarily true that we must define success broadly.
For some people, simply being able to live their life with a minimum of misery and suffering is considered a success. Think of the peace of mind of the poor shepherd who tends his sheep, enjoys his frugal life with his family in the beauty of nature, and who is respected because he does a good job of achieving the goals expected of and accepted by his and his society. On the other hand, it seems that even though some people appear to be rich in material possessions, many of them seem to be miserable and consider themselves unsuccessful when judged by their own standards of success. Because not all ventures can be successful, one should not set unrealistic goals for achieving success, but if one has self-confidence it would be unfortunate to set one?s goals at too low a level of achievement.
A wise counselor once said to a young man who was experiencing frustration with his own professional success: "You do not have to set your goal to reach the moon in order to have success
in traveling. Sometimes one can be very successful merely by taking a walk in the park or riding the subway downtown," The counselor added, " You have not really failed and spoiled your chances for success until you have been unsuccessful at something you really like, and to which you have given you best effort."
36. In the first paragraph, the author implies that ________ are essential in achieving success.
A). ability and goals B). ability and environment
C).goals and determination D). goals and environment
37. The word "frugal" (Line 2, Para. 2) means ________.
A). wealthy B). thrifty
C). wasteful D). miserable
38. Some rich people consider themselves unsuccessful because ________.
A) their life is miserable B) their goals are too low
C) they do not live in peace D) they are not rich enough by their own standards.
39. The last paragraph implies that ________.
A) we should have high goals
B) success means taking a walk in the park
C) success means achieving great goals
D) success means trying one?s best at what one really likes
40. This passage mainly talks about ________.
A) the definition of success B)how to set goals
C) how to achieve success D) the importance of goals
Passage Three
Questions 44 to 48 are based on the following passage.
In cities with rent control, the city government sets the maximum rent that a landlord can charge for an apartment. Supporters of rent control argue that it protects people who are living in apartments. Their rent cannot increase; therefore, they are not in danger of losing their homes. However, the critics say that after a long time, rent control may have negative effects. Landlords know that they cannot increase their profits. Therefore, they invest in other businesses where they can increase their profits. They do not invest in new buildings which would also be rent —controlled. As a result, new apartments are not built. Many people who need apartments cannot find any. According to the critics, the end result of rent control is a shortage of apartments in the city.
Some theorists argue that the minimum wage law can cause problems in the same way. The federal government sets the minimum that an employer must pay workers. The minimum helps people who generally look for unskilled, low —paying jobs. However, if the minimum is high, employers may hire fewer workers. They will replace workers with machinery. The price, which is the wage that employers must pay, increases. Therefore, other things being equal, the number of workers that employers want decreases. Thus, critics claim, an increase in the minimum wage may cause unemployment. Some poor people may find themselves without jobs instead of with jobs at the minimum wage.
Supporters of the minimum wage say that it helps people keep their dignity. Because of the
law, workers cannot sell their services for less than the minimum. Furthermore, employers cannot force workers to accept jobs at unfair wages.
Economic theory predicts the results of economic decisions such as decisions about farm production, rent control, and the minimum wage. The predictions may be correct only if “other things are equal”. Economists do not agree on some of the predictions. They also do not agree on the value of different decisions. Some economists support a particular decision while others criticize it. Economists do agree, however, there are no simple answers to economic questions.
41. There is the possibility that setting maximum rent may_____ .
A) cause a shortage of apartments
B) worry those who rent apartments as homes
C) increase the profits of landlords
D) encourage landlords to invest in building apartment
42. According to the critics, rent control______.
A) will always benefit those who rent apartments
B) is unnecessary
C) will bring negative effects in the long run
D) is necessary under all circumstances
43. The problem of unemployment will arise______.
A) if the minimum wage is set too high
B) if the minimum wage is set too low
C) if the workers are unskilled
D) if the maximum wage is set
44. The passage tells us_______.
A) the relationship between supply and demand
B) the possible results of government controls
C) the necessity of government control
D) the urgency of getting rid of government controls
45. Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A) The results of economic decisions can not always be predicted.
B) Minimum wage can not always protect employees.
C) Economic theory can predict the results of economic decisions if other factors are not changing.
D) Economic decisions should not be based on economic theory.
Part I Writing.(30 minutes)
1. 网上购物越来越受到人们的欢迎:
2. 简述网络购物的好处和所面临的挑战;
3. 请简述你是怎样看待网上购物的。
(一)完形填空
全文翻译:
英国不只是一个国家和一个民族,即使是它的一些居民也都这样认为。事实上,英国作为一个国家说来又可以分成几个部分,每一部分都是一个单独的国家,有着自己的语言、个性和文化传统。这样一来,苏格兰、北爱尔兰和威尔士并不附属于“英格兰”,因为他们的居民不是严格意义上的英国人。他们是苏格兰人、爱尔兰人和威尔士人,其中很多人宁愿讲其他民族听不懂的本族语。
这些文化上的少数民族曾经是不列颠的最早的居民。在不同程度上他们保持了其民族特色、特定的风俗习惯和生活方式。在一些更为偏远的地区尤其如此,在那里,人们的传统生活不像边界地区受工业发展的影响那么大。据说凯尔特民族在天性上比英格兰人感情要丰富些。爱尔兰人的好脾气一直被人们传为佳话。苏格兰人宁愿忘记其过分节俭的名誉而让人铭记他们的民歌与舞蹈。凯尔特民族作为一个整体来说除了许多幽默的作家、艺术家,在这里仅举几个例子,比如说,爱尔兰人萧伯纳,苏格兰人罗伯特·彭斯,以及威尔士人戴伦·汤姆斯。
Answers:
1. 选D )。此处应填形容词,修饰名词parts 。文章首句即提出观点Britain is not just one country and one people“英国不只是一个国家和一个民族”,又从后文的invided into, each part以及Individual country可知英国被分成几个分离的部分,选项中只有separate 表达了这个意思,故D )正确。
2. 选K )。此处应填名词。选项中有四个词temper, temperament, traditions 和growth, 语言等是一个民族的文化传统,故这里应该填K )traditions ,其他几个名词不符合上下文。
3. 选O )。此处应填动词原形。前文中说明英国被分成独立的几部分,各自保存自己的文化传统;后文中because... 说明苏格兰、北爱尔兰以及威尔士的居民不承认自己是“English”,说明他们并不承认自己属于“England”,故这里应该选择O )belong 。apply 也可以和to 连用,但apply to表示“将... 应用于”,不符合上下文意思。
4. 选J )。此处应填形容词或副词。选项中的副词有generally 和strictly ,文中要表达的意思是因为这几个部分都有自己的语言和文化传统,所以严格来说,他们不是“English”,但他们都属于English 。故J )strictly 符合文意。generally“一般地,大体地”放在原文意义上不够严谨。三个形容词不能使语义通顺。
5. 选A )。从前文中prefer to speak their own native tongue即苏格兰语、苏格兰语和威尔士语,那么这些语言对the others(见注释1)来说是陌生的,听不懂的。那么就不难从选项中的incomprehensible 和understandable 中选择前者,故A )incomprehensible“不能理解的”正确。
6. 选I )。由manage to结构可知此处要填的是动词原形。选项中的动词原形还有forget ,preserve 和reserve 。从下文中traditional life has not been so affected,可知他们成功地保存了自己的传统,排除forget ;reserve 和presserve 都有“保存”的意思,前者指存留起来以派别的用场,后者指想办法保持原样,强调抵制破坏因素,故I )preserve 符合文意。
7. 选C )。此处应填形容词。从后文where traditional life has not been so affected by the ... of industrialis" 人们的传统生活受工业化... 的影响没有那么大的地方" 可以推知,这些地方是比较偏远的地方,选项中的C )remote“偏僻的,遥远的”符合上下文意思。
8. 选M )。border area“边界地区”的工业化发展的比remote area要快,所以此处要填的词是表示上升、增长的词,表示工业化的发展,选项M )growth“增长,发展”符合上下文意思。
9. 选F )。would rather 和prefer 意思相同,后面是宁愿让人记住他们的好的东西:民
歌,舞蹈等。前面说的是过分节俭的坏名声,所以填入动词的意思应该与remember 意思相反,选项中的F )forget 符合上下文意思。
10. 选H )。此处应填名词。选项中的名词还有temper 和temperament 。前者指脾气,指情绪上的主要特征,后者指特征、气质,尤指带感情色彩的个性和在社交上的个性。这里指的是整个凯尔特民族的特征,故H )temperament 正确。
(二)阅读理解
Passage 1
解析
【全文翻译】
友谊是人类基本的纽带之一。友谊的特点可能因国而异,但是来自任何文化中的人不仅仅都喜欢朋友,而且也都需要朋友。
许多研究表明,没有朋友的青少年常常会患心理疾病。研究表明,青少年也许比其他任何年龄组的人更需要友谊和归属感。寂寞对老年人也有许多的负面影响。丧偶常常使一个寡妇或鳏夫完全丧失了亲人。但是,如果他们的周围有朋友和亲戚,他们能够表达自己的感情,那么他们更有可能从悲伤中恢复过来。
“谁都不是一座岛”,换句话说,我们都是社会的一部分。我们都需要他人的爱、赏识、尊重和道义上的支持。如果幸运的话,我们的朋友会为我们提供生活所必需的这一切。 正如许多人注意到得那样,友谊有多种层次。友谊的亲密程度各不相同,主要取决于人的个性和关系背景。外向的人喜欢被许多人簇拥着,而内向的人也许喜欢与少数的人保持亲密的友谊。
每个人并不都是同等地对待所有的朋友。友谊的亲密程度受多种因素的影响。在人生的任何阶段都可以交到亲密的朋友,但数量通常很少。不是很多人都有一些真正亲密的朋友。不论友谊的亲密程度如何,任何友谊都是建立在互惠、诚实和一定的友爱和关怀的基础之上的。
【答案解析】
文章大意:友谊是人类基本的纽带之一。友谊的特点可能因国而异,但是来自任何文化中的人不仅仅都喜欢朋友,而且也都需要朋友。我们都是社会的一部分。我们都需要他人的爱、赏识、尊重和道义上的支持。友谊的亲密程度各不相同,主要取决于人的个性和关系背景。不论友谊的亲密程度如何,任何友谊都是建立在互惠、诚实和一定的友爱和关怀的基础之上的。
31.[答案]C。推断题。本文讨论了友谊的重要性。不论是青少年还是老年人,都需要朋友的陪伴。没有人是孤立的,每个人都是社会的一部分,都需要他人的爱、陪伴和关心。文章第二段表明人都需要陪伴和归属感。文章第二段提到没有朋友的青少年和丧偶的老年人常常会有心理问题,并提到陪伴和归属感是他们共同的需求,所以C 为正确答案。答案A 和B 都过于武断,作者只是说一般而言,并没有说一定会,所以不对。
32.[答案]C。细节题。“No man is an island”(Line 1,Para.3) 的意思是,没有一个人是孤岛,暗含的意思是每个人都是社会的一部分。第三段第二句话解释了这句引言的意思In other words ,we are all parts of society,所以C 为正确答案。
33.[答案]C。细节推理题。友谊的亲密程度主要取决于人的个性。见第四段第二句The degree or intensity of friendship varies depending on the personality of the individuals...所以C 为正确答案。
34.[答案]D。细节推理题。作者认为多数人的亲密朋友并不多。见第五段第三句Close friends can be formed at any stage in one?s life but they are usually very rare,在人生的任何阶段
都可以交到亲密的朋友,但数量通常很少,由此推断D 为正确答案。
35.[答案]C。词汇推义题。见最后一句Irrespective of the level of intimacy,all friendships are based on…根据上下文,可推测出这个词语的意思是“不论,不考虑”。“不论亲密的程度如何,任何友谊都是建立在互惠、诚实和·定的友爱和关怀的基础之上的。”所以C 为正确答案。
Passage 2
全文翻译:
定义成功有许多不同的方法。准确地说,我们每个人都有自己的成功理念。在某种程度上,我们每个人都有责任设定自己的目标,确定我们是否能满意地实现这些目标。在遗传能力以及适合这些遗传能力表达的环境方面,我们每个人都具有独特的差异性,所以毫无疑问地,我们必须从广泛的意义上来界定成功。
对于一些人来说,只要没有太大的苦难,能够活着,就是一种成功。牧羊人虽然贫穷,却心态平静。他在美丽的大自然中牧羊,与家人一起过着俭朴的生活。他之所以受人尊敬,是因为他有一份不错的工作,并为实现自己和社会所期望的目标而努力奋斗。另一方面,尽管有些人拥有大量的物质财富,但其中的许多人看起来很痛苦。他们认为自己没有成功,因为他们没有实现自己的成功目标。并不是所有的事业都能获得成功,所以一个人不应该为了获得成功而设立不切实际的目标; 但是,对于一个有自信的人来说,如果设定的成功目标过低,也是一件极其不幸的事情。
一位成功的职业咨询师曾经对一名正在经历挫折的年轻人说过:“即使为了获得成功的旅行,你也没有必要把月球旅行设定为你的旅行目标。有时候,仅仅是在公园里散步,或者乘坐地铁去市区,也可以让一个人获得成功。”他说,“只有你在为自己真正喜欢的东西付出全心的努力后却仍未能获得成功,你才是真的失败了,才是真的失去了成功的机会。”
36. 【解析】[C]细节题。文章第一段,作者表明要获得成功,能力和环境是很基本的条件。见文章第一段第三句话,“Because each of us possesses ...genetic ability and favorable environments ...”由于我们每个人的天生能力和后天成长环境的不同……由此可知,C 为正确答案。
37.. 【解析】[B]词汇题。“frugal”这个词的意思是节俭的,朴素的。见第二段第二句,“...the poor shepherd who ...enjoys his frugal life ...”通过下文提到的拥有财富的人的对比,可以推测出该词的意思是节俭朴素的。
38.. 【解析】[D]细节题。有些富人并不觉得他们成功,因为以他们自己的标准他们还不够富。见文章第二段第三句,“On the other hand ...many of them ...consider themselves unsuccessful when judged by their own goals of success”根据他们自己的目标来判断,他们并不认为自己是成功的,由此可知D 为正确答案。
39. 【解析】[D]细节题。文章最后一段表明,成功意味着尽自己所能做自己喜欢的事情。见文章最后一句,“You have not really failed ...for success until you have been unsuccessful at something you really like ...”在你没有尽全力做自己喜欢的事而失败之前,你的失败都不算真正的失败, 由此可推断出作者暗示成功就是尽全力做自己喜欢的事,所以D 为正确答案。
40. 【解析】[A]主旨题。这篇文章主要谈的是成功的定义。文章第一句话就是全文的主题句,每个人对成功的定义不同。接下来的几段也都是从不同的角度定义成功,所以A 为正确答案。
Passage 3
原文精译
在实行房租管制的城市中,市政府设定了房东出租公寓所收取的最高租金。支持房租管
制的人认为,这种措施保护了公寓居住者。房租不增加,他们就不存在没有住房的危险。然而,批评家们认为,长期的房租管制可能会产生负面的影响。房东知道自己不能靠增加房租而赢利,所以他们就转向投资于其他能够赢利的行业,而不会投资建设同样受房租管制的新公寓。结果,新公寓就不会增加,许多需要公寓的人也找不到公寓。批评家们认为,房租管制最终会造成城市公寓的缺乏。
有些理论家认为,最低工资法也以同样的方式造成了一些问题。联邦政府规定了雇主必须支付给工人的最低工资额。最低工资为寻找不熟练劳动和低额工资的人提供了帮助。然而,如果最低工资额增长,雇主可能会雇用较少的工人。它们会用机器来代替工人。由于雇主必须支付给工人的工资增加,在其他条件不变的情况下,雇主雇用工人的数量就会减少。因此,批评家们认为,提高最低工资标准可能会导致失业。有些穷人会失业而不是在最低工资水平处就业。
支持最低工资的人认为,最低工资有助于人保持自己的尊严。由于受法律限制,工人不能以低于最低工资额的价格出售他们的服务。另外,用人单位也不能强迫工人接受不公平的工资而工作。
经济理论预测了经济决策的结果,比如关于农产品、房租管制和最低工资的决定; 但是,这些预测仅仅在“其他条件不变的情况下”是正确的。经济学家们在某些预测方面并未取得一致意见。在不同决定的价值方面,他们也存在不同意见。有些经济学家支持某个特别的决定,但另外一些人则对它提出批评。但是,经济学家们都同意,经济问题没有简单的答案。
41. 【答案】A)
【解析】 细节题。本文讨论了限制最高租房金额以及最低工资等问题,以及相应引起的经济现象。本题问规定最高租金可能会导致什么结果。文章第一段明确指出,landlords(房东) 收取租户的租金有了最高限额,他们的利润会受到影响,也可能导致他们投资其他行业,鉴于此,C) 、D) 两项都是错误的。B) 项“使租房为家的人担忧”文中没有涉及,也不对。依据
第一段最后一句话“..., the end result of rent control is a shortage of apartments in the city.”可知
A) 项为唯一选项。
42. 【答案】C)
【解析】细节题。依据第一段第四句“However, the critics say that after a long time, rent control may have negative effects.”可断定C) 项正确。A) 、B) 、D) 诸项都含绝对意味,都不符合文中意思。
43. 【答案】A)
【解析】 细节题。解答该题只要准确理解第二段的含义,尤其从第三行开始“However, if the minimum is high,...Thus, critics claim, an increase in the minimum wage may cause unemployment.”此题较简单。
44. 【答案】B)
【解析】 主旨题。本文从rent control和最低工资控制两方面讨论了政府控制可能造成的后果。进一步说,许多政府行为可能保护某些利益,但从长远看,也会带来许多问题。
B) 项正确。A) 项说(文章叙述了) 供需关系;C) 项说(文章叙述了) 政府控制的必要性;D) 项说(文章叙述了) 摆脱政府控制的紧迫性。文章并没有深入谈及这三项内容,显然不能成为文章主旨。
45. 【答案】D)
【解析】推断题。依据第四段第二行“The predictions may be correct only if ?other things are equal?.”可得知A) 项是对的。从第二段可得知规定最低工资会使得雇主雇佣更少的工人,会考虑用机器替代工人,也就会导致更多的人失业,所以B) 项应该是可以成立的说法。C) 项的内容实际上就是A) 项的另一种说法,也可成立。依据第四段内容,可得知D) 项不正确。
经济理论应该有相当的参考价值,只是还需考虑方方面面的因素。
范文五:专业英语四级听力模拟题4
Test Four
Part ? DICTATION
Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times: During the first reading, which will he read at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by pirate, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be read at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given 2 minutes to check through your work once more.
Please write the whole passage on ANSWER SHEET ONE.
Part ? LISTENING COMPREHENSION
In Sections A, B and C you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on your answer sheet.
SECTION A CONVERSATIONS
In this section you will hear several conversations. Listen to the conversations carefully and then answer the questions that follow.
Questions 1 to 3 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.
Now listen to the conversation.
1. What is the basic purpose of IQ tests?
A. They are designed to measure children's intelligence.
B. They are intended to test linguistic and numerical skills.
C. They are designed to test why some children perform better at school.
D. They are intended to find out why some children are not appreciated.
2. According to Kellerman, why are there so many unhappy adults in the world?
A. Becanse they are not brighter than others.
B. Becaase they don't have good education.
C. Because they are not doing the things they are best at.
D. Because they are not duly encouraged in life.
3. According to Brigid, why can't some children do well in school examinations
A. They don't have proper education.
B. They don't have enough encouragement.
C. Their parents are not responsible.
D. They are not good with words and numbers.
Questions 4 to 7 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.
Now listen to tire conversation.
4. Why was the man in the Student Union Office?
A. To find professor Steinfield.
B. To look for past test papers.
C. To look for the woman.
D. To look for an aspirin for his headache.
5. What suggestion does the woman give to the man?
A. Work harder.
B. Study the exam papers.
C. Learn from her since she took the class.
D. Concentrate on the section on prostaglandin.
6. Why does the man have a headache?
A. Because of the over-production of prostaglandin.
B. Because he has no aspirin.
C. Because he is tired.
D. Because of the Biology course.
7. What do the speakers agree upon at the end.
A. They agree to meet in the alley to study.
B. They agree to tutor each other for upcoming tests.
C. They agree to study poetry together.
D. They agree to study Biology together.
Questions 8 to 10 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given
15 seconds to answer the questions.
Now listen to the conversation.
8. What is the woman's obstacle according to the conversation?
A. She needs to work hard to advance her career.
B. She happens to have a high profile job.
C. She needs to spend much of her time away from her family.
D. She has a quite extended family.
9. According to the woman, what make her special?
A. She has a great husband.
B. She has a good career.
C. She has a great family.
D. She is undaunted to whatever may come in the way. 10. Why does the woman like her acting career most?
A. She feels that her career is special in the way that people can relate to her.
B. She thinks acting is a good career.
C. She can make enough for her and her family.
D. She thinks acting is her childhood dream.
SECTION B PASSAGES
In this section, you will hear several passages. Listen to the passages carefully and then answer the
questions that follow.
Questions 11 to 14 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 20
seconds to answer the questions.
Now listen to the passage.
11. In which year was the first English dictionary published?
A. 1604. B. 1700. C. 1750. D. 1775. 12. How many words were contained in the first dictionary?
A. A few thousand. B. All important words.
C. About 3000. D. 20 volumes. 13. Who produced the first modern dictionary?
A. Robert Cawdrey. B. Dr. Samuel Johnson.
C. John Kersey. D. The author was unknown.
14. What's the specific feature of the Oxford English Dictionary?
A. It defines easy words as well as hard ones.
B. It gives good meanings for each word.
C. It has twenty volumes.
D. It traces the history of each word.
Questions 15 to 17 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15
seconds to answer the questions.
Now listen to the passage.
15. What is the important discovery about seismic waves mentioned by the instructor?
A. They occur at regular intervals.
B. They can withstand great heat.
C. They travel through the Earth's interior.
D. They can record the Earth's internal temperature.
16. What did the study of seismic vibrations help geologists learn more about?
A. When the Earth was formed.
B. The composition of the Earth's interior.
C. Why lava is hot.
D. How often a volcano is likely to erupt.
17. What did P and S waves help scientists discover about the layers of the earth?
A. How deep they are. B. Where earthquakes form.
C. How hot they are. D. What purpose they serve.
Questions 18 to 20 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, yon will be given 15
seconds to answer the questions.
Now listen to the passage.
18. What does the speaker talk about?
A. Why wolves attack human? B. Why wolves are so feared?
C. The history of wolves in Europe. D. The normal hunting habits of wolves. 19. According to the speaker, why did wolves attack humans?
A. They had no other food. B. They had lost their homes.
C. They naturally hunted all creatures. D. To protect their young. 20. What does the speaker imply in the end?
A. It is human beings that cause wolves to starve first.
B. Bad guys caused wolves to starve.
C. Wolves are bad guys.
D. Wolves are the image of bad guys.
SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST
Questions 21 to 22 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds
to answer the questions.
Now listen to the news.
21. ______ MasterCard users are NOT affected by the recent security breach.
A. Chinese B. Chinese mainland C. The Senior D. Internet 22. The stolen information on MasterCard incldes
A. password of the card. B. card number and expiration dates.
C. personal identity. D. personal birthday information.
Questions 23 and 24 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10
seconds to answer the questions.
Now listen to the news.
23. What were seized in the helicopter by the troop together with Sonia?
A. Documents in a laptop computer.
B. Documents that can be used as the evidence against Sonia in court.
C. A laptop computer.
D. Both B and C.
24. Who captured Sonia?
A. Colombian police. B. American police.
C. Elite American troops. D. Elite Colombian troops.
Questions 25 and 26 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10
seconds to answer the questions.
Now listen to the news.
25. What's the US military's investigation on?
A. The crime evidence of Saddam Hussein.
B. The death of two New York State National Guard officers at a base in Iraq.
C. The mason of the explosion at a US base in Iraq.
D. The real identities of the two offices died in an explosion.
26. Which statement is NOT correct?
A. The two officers were killed by enemy fire.
B. The death of the two officers might be caused by negligence or sabotage.
C. Captain Philip was a company commander.
D. Lieutenant Louis was operations manager for Captain E's company.
Questions 27 and 28 are based on the fallowing news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10
seconds to answer the questions.
Now listen to the news.
27. According to the news, ice from Greenland gives information about
A. oxygen. B. ancient weather.
C. carbon dioxide. D. temperature.
28. Why are there two teams to study the same ice?
A. They belong to different countries.
B. They compete against each other.
C. They want to confirm their findings.
D. There are too many ices for only one team.
Questions 29 and 30 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10
seconds to answer the questions.
Now listen to the news.
29. What's a central theme of the conference held in London?
A. Passing laws to deal with unemployment.
B. Letting the governments take the lead in helping workers to gain skills.
C. Encouraging businesses to hire, more workers.
D. Creating more job opportunities.
30. Which of the following did the conference also call for?
A. Maintaining labor laws and welfare systems.
B. Helping workers gain the skills that employers need.
C. Allowing workers the freedom to choose jobs.
D. Reforming labor laws and welfare systems.
Test Four
Part ? DICTATION
Laws
Before laws were written, /there was no sure way of knowing what was permitted and what was forbidden.
/One judge might apply one set of rules to a case while another judge might apply completely different set of rules
to a similar case. /It all depended on the personal judgment of one person. /Today we follow the custom of recording our
laws. /Rules passed by our lawmakers are printed and available for everyone to use. /Unless laws are publicly available, /we do not regard them as binding./
Each of us is subject to many different sets of laws. /Some laws say what is permitted, /such as how fast you may drive. /Other laws say what is required, /such as paying a federal income tax. /Still other laws say what is prohibited, /such as smoking in elevatons. /In the United States, federal laws apply to everyone and state laws apply only to activities within each state. /
[解析] 这篇听写材料的难点在动词的使用上。注意被动语态及动词的分词和过去式的形式,后半部分的
排比形式中的动词permitted,required, 和prohibited可能会对一些学生造成困扰。另外,由于这篇材料的
动词应用形式比较复杂,在听第四遍的时候一定要注意检查核对。
Part ? LISTENING COMPREHENSION
SECTION A CONVERSATIONS
Conversation 1
W: Why is it that some children perform much better than others at school?
M: Obviously, certain children are brighter than others, but it's not as simple as that. A lot of emphasis is placed on intelligence measured by tests.
W: The so-called IQ test?
M: Yes. Basically they are intended to test linguistic and numerical skills, so some children are bound to suffer. This is very unfortunate. A child with an average IQ may turn out to be successful when he grows up. W: What you're saying is that some children have abilities that are not easy to measure, that aren't appreciated. M: Precisely. And if these skills are not spotted sufficiently early, they cannot be developed, That's why, in my view, there are so many unhappy adults in this world. They are not doing the things they are best at. W: I see.
M: But at school, only those children who are good with words and numbers will probably do well in school examinations.
W: Right. Is there anything a parent can do to help in this case?
M: Yes. In my opinion, a child should be judged on his individual talents. After all, being happy in life is putting skills to good use, no matter what they are.
1(B
本题考查意图。根据原文“Basically they are intended to test linguistic and numerical skills...”可以得知智力
测验是为了测验人的语言和计算能力而设计的。选项B为正确答案。
2(C
本题考查原因。根据原文“That's why,in my view,there are so many unhappy adults in this world. They are not
doing the things they are best at.”可知因为成年人没有做他们最适合的事情是造成不快乐的原因。选项C为
正确答案。
3(D
本题考查意图。从原文中“But at school,only those children who are good with words and numbers will probably
do well in school examinations.”可以推测出他认为考试为了测验人的语言和计算能力而设计的,因而那些
不擅长这两方面的孩子成绩就不好。选项D为正确答案。
Conversation 2
W: Hi Stan, where have you been?
M: Oh, just at the Student Union office trying to see if I can catch you there. I also tried to find out if professor Steinfield has any old exams from years ago.
W: Why don't you just ask me? I took that class last semester and aced it.
M: Yeah... you ace all your subjects. But the exams change from year to year, don't they?
W: True, but the style is pretty much the same from year to year.
M: So tell me all about the process of prostaglandin. I can barely even pronounce it, let alone explain it. W: Hey, I am no expert but what she'll be mainly looking for is that you know how it affects the digestion, reproduction, and immune systems.
M: What kinds of questions might she ask?
W: Well, for example, you'll probably have to say how prostaglandin, if over-produced can give you headaches and fevers and stuff.
M: Speaking of headaches. I think I'm getting one now. Can you give me an aspirin?
W: Well, it's probably because you have too much prostaglandin, Aspirin blocks prostaglandin production. M: Well, I'm sure it's this Biology class that's doing it.
W: Hey, I've heard you're no slouch at poetry. You get me through my course in 19th century poetry and I'll make you an expert in Biology.
M: It's a deal. Where shall we begin? Poetry is up my alley.
4(C
本题考查原因。从文中开头原文“... just at the Student Union office trying to see if I can catch you there.”可以
得知选项C为正确答案。
5(C
本题考查事实。根据原文“Why don't you just ask me? I took that class last semester and aced it.”可以得知这
个女生说自己去年选了Steinfield教授的课,建议男士向她咨询有关问题,因此选项C为正确答案。aced it
意为“成绩为 A”。
6(D
本题考查原因。由原文男士自己所给出的原因“I'm sure it's this Biology class that's doing it.”可以得知选项
D为正确答案,即头疼是因为生物学课程考试。根据文中“... it's probably because you have too much
prostaglandin”(可能是因为你前列腺素过多)很容易误选A,但这只是女士的猜测,而非真正原因。
7(B
本题考查行为。文中最后提到“I've heard you're no slouch at poetry. You get me through my course in 19th century poetry and I'll make you an expert in Biology.”其中slouch意为“不中用的人,懒惰或无能的人”,整
句意即“我听说你诗歌方面不弱,你帮我通过19世界诗歌课程考试,我则帮你成为生物学专家”,据此应
选B。文章最后一句用到一个习语up someone's alley意思是“为某人所熟悉或精通的;正合某人所长”。
可知男生答应帮助女生复习19世纪文学。选项A曲解了该词组意思。
Conversation 3
M: What inspired you to act?
W: It must have been born in me. I've been doing it since I was 7 years old. Maybe it was my family. Who knows? I just know when I saw a stage for the first time, I wanted to be on it.
M: How do you balance your life between family and your career?
W: How? I don't know how. I just know I do it. But it takes work. I have a great husband, a great set of parents and in-laws, and obviously I have help with a nanny. It's not easy but there are others who do it every day and don't have a high profile job as I do.
M: Does it ever get difficult to balance?
W: Yup. But what parent has it easy? I just never make the difficulty of it all an obstacle. As I said, I just do it. M: Has that always been your philosophy? To simply work through the" obstacles", no matter what? Just do it? W: Yes, but I also find "she works hard for the money" or "she's overcome so many obstacles" a bit overused. I know it allows me to stand out in a crowd when the sea of faces can seem so similar, and I know it serves a purpose in inspiring others who might face the same obstacles I faced while growing up. M: You're a tough dame.
8(C
本题考查事实。题目问这个女士面对的困难是什么。根据原文可知这个女士是个演员,所以不得不经常在
家庭和事业之间作平衡。因此选项C为正确答案。
9(D
本题考查事实。文中她讲到了“I just never make the difficulty of it all an obstacle(As I said,I just do it.”
因此选项D为正确答案。
10(A
本题考查原因。根据原文中提到的“I know it allows me to stand out in a crowd when the sea of faces can seem so similar,and I know it serves a purpose in inspiring others who might face the same obstacles I faced while growing up.”可以推断出她认为演员这个职业可以使她从众人之中脱颖而出,而且这一的经历能够鼓舞有
相同困难的人们。因此选项A为正确答案。
SECTION B PASSAGES
Passage 1
The first English dictionary, called an Alphabetical Table of Hard Words, was published in 1604. The dictionary actually contained only about 3,000 difficult words, each followed by a one word definition. The author, Robert Cawdrey, made no attempt to include everyday words in his dictionary. No one, he reasoned, would ever have to look up a word in a dictionary if he already knew the meaning of the word. During the 1600s more dictionaries were published. Each followed Cawdrey's lead and presented a few thousand hard words. Around 1700 one dictionary maker, John Kersey, did define easy words as well as hard ones. But until the 1750s all dictionaries were rather simple and not very valuable.
A man named Dr. Samuel Johnson changed all this. In 1755 Dr. Johnson produced the first modem dictionary. He includes in his dictionary all important words, both easy and hard, and he gave good meanings. By the end of the 1700s most dictionary makers had followed Johnson's lead.
The 1800s saw the greatest improvement in the quality of dictionaries. In England scholars planned and prepared the Oxford English Dictionary, a twenty-volume work. One of the most popular features of the Oxford English Dictionary is its word histories. It traces the history of each word from its earliest recorded use up to the time of the printing of the dictionary.
11(A
情景事实题,短文的开篇中提到:“The first English dictionary,called an Alphabetical Table of Hard Words,
was published in 1604.”即最早的英语字典是 1604年出版的。短文的后面也提到了好几个年代(如其他选
项),但是对应的内容都是字典的不同发展时期。可知选项A为正确答案。
12(C
情景事实题。根据原文“The dictionary actually contained only about 3,000 difficult words,each followed by
a one word definition.”可知第一本英语字典实际上只包含了大约3000个难词,每个词都有一个常用词定义
它。选项C为正确答案。
13(B
情景事实题。文中涉及了三个写字典的作者名字:Robert Cawdrey是第一本英文字典的作者;John Kersey
在字典中不仅定义了难词也定义了简单词;Dr. Samuel Johnson是第一本现代字典的作者;搞清出这些人的
不同成就,可知选项B为正确答案。
14(D
推理排除题。文中最后提到“One of the most popular features of the Oxford English Dictionary is its word histories(It traces the history of each word from its earliest recorded use up to the time of the printing of the dictionary. ”即《牛津英语词典》的一个显著特征就是它对辞源的探索。它标注了每一个词从其有记录开
始到字典刊印时的历史。因此选项D为正确答案。
Passage 2
There were several important discoveries in the early part of last century that helped geologists develop a more accurate picture of the earth's interior. The first key discovery had to do with seismic waves. Remember they
are the vibrations caused by earthquakes. Well, scientists found that they travel thousands of miles through the earth's interior. This finding enabled geologists to study the inner parts of the earth. You see, the studies revealed that these vibrations were of two types: compression, or P waves, and shear, or S waves. And researchers found that P waves travel through both liquids and solids, while S waves travel only through solid matter. In 1906, a British geologist discovered that P waves slowed down at a certain depth but kept traveling deeper. On the other hand, S waves either disappeared or were reflected back. So he concluded that the depth marked the boundary between a solid mantle and a liquid core. Three years later, another boundary was discovered that was between the mantle and the earth's crust. There is still a lot to be learned about the earth. For instance, geologists know that the core is hot. Evidence of this is the molten lava that flows out of volcanoes. But we are still not sure what the source of the heat is.
15(C
语义理解题。短文说明:“The first key discovery had to do with seismic waves... scientists found that they travel thousands of miles through the earth's interior.”即最关键的一个发现就是地震波。科学家们发现地震波在地
球内部可以传播数千英里。所以,选项C为正确答案。
16(B
语义理解题。从“This finding enabled geologists to study the inner parts of the earth.”可知推断出由于地震产
生地震波,而地震波可以在地球内部传播数千英里,这使得地质学家们可以研究地球内部的构成情况。选
项B为正确答案。
17(A
语义理解题。文中提到“And researchers found that P waves travel through both liquids and solids,while S waves
travel only through solid matter.”可知,两者传播的介质不同,P形波在液体和固体中都能传播,而S形波
只能在固体中传播。接着又说到1906年,一位英国地质学家根据P形波在地球内部一定的深度上传播速
度减慢,但是还保持向深处传播,而S形波或者消失,或者反射回来,因此断定,这个深度就是地球内部
固体外壳和液体地核的分界点。三年以后,地球内部的另外一个分界线也被发现。由此可知 S形波和P
形波的最有用处的地方是帮助科学家了解地球内部各个层次的深度,选项A为正确答案。
Passage 3
In normal circumstances wolves do not attack humans. So, what explains the many stories that make wolves a villain. Given that wolves are not normally dangerous to humans, why do we have so many stories about them? In Europe, wolves were made to be the demon animals. It may be surprising to know how little people understood about wolves in those days. As the population grew over the centuries, Europeans settled in parts of the continent where wolves had roamed freely. As the wildlife that wolves depended on for food began to disappear, they often preyed on livestock. And when food was really scarce, they might even go after humans. As late as 1875, an estimated 160 people were attacked by starving packs of wolves in Russia. So, it is not surprising that when Europeans told scary stories by the fireside, wolves were a common subject. Their spooky habit of howling at the moon made them that much more fearsome. That should help a bit to explain the bad guy image of the wolf and perhaps now people know who the real bad guy is which caused the wolves to starve in the first place.
18(B
主题总结题。短文的开篇首先提出问题:“In normal circumstances wolves do not attack humans so what
explains the many stories that make wolves s villain(Given that wolves are not normally dangerous to humans,
why do we have so many stories about them?”由这两个问题可以预知,这篇短文是讲述为什么狼是让人害怕
的。选项B为正确答案。
19(A
语义理解题。“As the wildlife that wolves depended on for food began to disappear, they often preyed on
livestock. And when food was really scarce,they might
even go after humans.”由此可知,狼是在没有食物的情况下,才攻击人类的。选项A为正确答案。
20(A
语义理解题。短文的最后说明:“That should help a bit to explain the bad guy image of the wolf and perhaps now people know who the real bad guy is which caused the wolves to starve in the first place.”可知,讲话者在暗示,
是人类先使狼没有食物,才导致其袭击家畜和人类的。选项A为正确答案。
A senior executive of MasterCard on Monday said the company's Chinese mainland users are not affected by the recent security breach, during which millions of credit card users may have had their information stolen by a computer virus.
In a statement, MasterCard said the data centers involved in the accident were not involved with transactions of mainland users.
In addition, the stolen information only contains card numbers and expiration dates, but not any other data like personal identity or birthdays.
Another international credit card organization, Visa, also made an announcement yesterday, saying they are going over mainland users' information, and will inform domestic banks after the work is finished.
Meanwhile, domestic lenders said basic information from their credit cards are stored in mainland banks, although many of the cards are issued jointly with MasterCard and Visa.
21(B
本题考查对新闻细节的捕捉。新闻的开篇就讲到:“A senior executive of MasterCard on Monday said the
company's Chinese mainland users are not affected by the recent security breach, ...”即万事达卡的高级主管说
中国大陆用户不会在这次的信息安全泄漏中受到影响。选项A的范围太过宽泛,因此只有选项B为正确答
案。
22(B
本题考查对新闻细节的捕捉。新闻中提到:“... the stolen information only contains card numbers and expiration
dates,but not any other data like personal identity or birthdays.”可知被泄漏的信息中只是包括信用卡的卡
号和到期日期,而并不包括如个人身份证或者生日等私人信息。选项A“信用卡的密,码”,在新闻中并
没有提及。因此只有选项B为正确答案。
News Item 2
Sonia has taken what will most likely be a one way trip to the US.
The senior FARC commander is accused of running a drugs trafficking network that earned the guerrillas tens of millions of dollars. Sonia was captured in February last year, in a hell-borne raid by elite Colombian troops. Along with her were seized documents and a laptop computer that provided much of the information that would be used against her in court.
Sonia's extradition is a heavy blow to the FARC. Not only have their lost one of their top female commanders, but they fear that under pressure from US authorities and facing a sentence of more than 20 years in prison she may reveal crucial information about their finance system.
23(D
本题考查对新闻细节的捕捉。新闻中提到:“Along with her word seized documents and a laptop computer that
provided much of the information that would be used against her in court.”可知索尼亚被捕的时候,还被一同
查到有很多文件和一台笔记本电脑,它们提供了很多在法庭上对索尼亚不利的证据。因此被查到的东西有
两样,文件和笔记本电脑,选项D为正确答案。
24(D
本题考查对新闻细节的捕捉。新闻中提到:“Sonia was captured in February last year,in a heli-borne raid by
elite Colombian troops.”可知索尼亚是在去年 2月由哥伦比亚的精锐部队在一次直升机的追捕中落网的。
因此选项D为正确答案。
News Item 3
The US military has opened a criminal investigation into the death of two New York State National Guard officers at a base in Iraq.
The initial US military investigation indicated Captain Philip E and First Lieutenant Louis Allen were in the
same room when a mortar round hit the room's window. The subsequent explosion was thought to have killed both soldiers. But a military explosives team determined the blast was not caused by a mortar. A criminal investigation would indicate that this explosion was caused by negligence or sabotage, not by enemy fire. Captain E was company commander of the Headquarters Company of the New York National Guard. The Guard is part of the 42nd infantry division based near Saddam Hussein's hometown of Tikrit. Lieutenant Louis was operations manager for the company.
25(B
“本题考查对新闻大意的理解。新闻的开篇即提到:“The US military has opened a criminal investigation into
the death of two New York State National Guard officers at a base in Iraq.”即美军要开始调查在伊拉克基地中
死亡的
两名军官的死因。因此选项B为正确答案。
26(A
本题考查对新闻内容的理解。新闻中提到:“A criminal investigation would indicate that this explosion was
caused by negligence or sabotage,not by enemy fire.”即军方的爆破组认为致死两名军官的爆炸不是由于敌
方的炮弹引起的,而是由于人员疏忽或者是阴谋破坏造成的,可知选项A的说法不正确,为本题答案。
News Item 4
Scientists say they can tell what air and sea conditions were like hundreds of thousands of years ago. They say pieces of ice taken from Greenland provide such information.
Scientists took the ice from more than 1.5 -mile deep in huge masses of ice that float on the sea. The ice represents 25,000 years of history. It provides one of the clearest records of ancient weather.
European and American scientific teams have been studying ice from the same area to confirm each other's findings. They measured the oxygen and carbon dioxide in the ice for the temperature. From these measurements, the scientific teams say that the past 10,000 years is the only period during which temperature has not changed very much.
27(B
本题考查对新闻细节的捕捉。新闻中明确提到:“Scientists took the ice from more than 1.5-mile deep in huge
masses of ice that float on the sea(The ice represents 25,000 years of history(It provides one of the clearest
records of ancient weather.”即来自格陵兰岛的冰块取自悬浮在海面上的巨大的冰块的1.5英里深的地方,
它可以代表二万五千年前的历史状况,清楚地记录了古代的气候。因此选项B为正确答案。
28(C
本题考查对新闻细节的捕捉。新闻中说到:“European and American scientific teams have been studying ice
from the same area to confirm each other's findings.”即欧洲和美国的科学小组都研究来自同一区域的冰以验
证大家的发现。因此选项C的说法是正确的。
News Item 5
In London, a conference of finance and employment ministers from the group of seven industrial democracies joined by Russia has produced a set of principles for dealing with unemployment, a central theme of which is the concept of government taking the lead in helping workers gain the skills that employers need. The conference also called for reforms to labor laws and welfare systems, to encourage businesses to offer more jobs and workers to accept them.
29(B
本题考查对新闻细节的捕捉。在介绍完此次会议的参与者后,新闻中马上提到:“... a central theme of which
is the concept of government taking the lead in helping workers gain the skills that employers need.”即此次会议
的中心议题是各国政府要帮助工人们获得技能来满足雇主的需求。选项B为正确答案。选项C虽然也在新
闻中有所提及,但并不是此次会议的中心议题。
30(D
本题考查对新闻细节的捕捉。新闻的最后提到:“The conference also called for reforms to labor laws and
welfare systems,to encourage businesses to offer more jobs and workers to accept them.”即另外会议还号召对
劳工法和工人的福利制度进行改革,来鼓励企业提供更多的就业机会,同时工人们也能接受。因此选项D
为正确答案。选项B是会议的中心议题,不是会议另外号召的内容。