范文一:国际经济学选择题
国际经济学
第一部分 选择题
一、单项选择题(本大题共22小题,每小题1分,共22分)在每小题列出的
四个选项中只有一个选项是符合题目要求的,请将正确选项前的字母填在题后
的括号内。
A1.从国际经济资源流动的难度看,最容易流动的要素是( ) A.商品 B.资本 C.人员 D.技术
C2.在比较利益模型中,两种参与贸易商品的国际比价( ) A.在两国贸易前的两种商品的国内比价之上
B.在两国贸易前的两种商品的国内比价之下
C.在两国贸易前的两种商品的国内比价之间
D.与贸易前的任何一个国家的国内比价相同
A3.比较利益理论认为国际贸易的驱动力是( ) A.劳动生产率的差异 B.技术水平的差异
C.产品品质的差异 D.价格的差异
D4.在绝对技术差异理论与相对技术差异理论中,机会成本是( ) A.递增 B.递减 C.先递增后递减 D.不变
B5.不能解释产业内贸易现象的理论有( )
A.重叠需求理论 B.要素比例理论
C.规模经济理论 D.垄断竞争理论
B6.能反映规模经济理论本意的是( )
A.规模报酬递减 B.规模报酬递增
C.规模报酬不变 D.规模成本递增
C7.不改变贸易结构,只改变贸易规模的增长方式有( ) A.偏向进口的生产要素增长 B.偏向出口的生产要素增长 C.生产要素等比例增长 D.悲惨的增长
D8.下列不属于保护贸易学说的理论有( )
A.幼稚工业理论 B.夕阳工业理论
C.国防论 D.资源禀赋论
B9.最佳关税水平应等于( )
A.零进口关税 B.零进口关税与禁止性关税之间的水平 C.禁止性关税 D.禁止性关税以上
D10.从历史发展看,最为成功的国际卡特尔是( ) A.烟草贸易公司 B.铁路运输公司
C.橡胶生产国组织 D.石油输出国组织
A11.世界贸易组织秘书处设在( )
A.日内瓦 B.纽约 C.布鲁塞尔 D.乌拉圭
B12.在国际卡特尔订价中,当产品的需求弹性越小,卡特尔订价水平就( )
A.越低 B.越高 C.不变 D.不确定
B13.在关税与贸易总协定临时适用的议定书上签字的缔约国共有( ) A.15个 B.23个 C.102个 D.123个
D14.下述哪一种不属于投机性外汇交易( )
A.双边套汇 B.多边套汇 C.套利 D.套期保值
D15.下述几种货币中,哪一种是实行联合浮动的货币( )
A.英镑 B.日元 C.美元 D.人民币
D16.下述哪一种属于国际收支的事后项目( )
A.进出口 B.利息收支 C.直接投资 D.特别提款权变动
D17.在分析货币贬值对贸易收支的影响时,小国所面临的供给弹性是( ) A.零 B.小于需求弹性 C.大于需求弹性 D.无穷大
A18.设一年前美元对人民币的汇率是1美元等于8.2345元人民币,假设美国
的物价比前一年上升8%,而中国的物价水平上升10%,则美元与人民币之间
理论上的汇率为( )
A.8.3870 B.8.085 C.10.2931 D.6.5876 C19.发展中国家主要采取的汇率制度是( )
A.固定汇率制 B.浮动汇率制 C.钉住汇率制 D.联合浮动制 B20.在1997年东南亚金融危机中,最早出现金融动荡的国家是( ) A.印度尼西亚 B.泰国 C.日本 D.韩国
A21.劳动力在各国间的流动通常会使劳动力流入国( ) A.财政总收入增加,公共设施利用率提高
B.财政总收入增加,公共设施利用率下降
C.财政总收入减少,公共设施利用率提高
D.财政总收入减少,公共设施利用率下降
D22.国际生产综合理论的基本原理可以集中概括为下列优势的有机结合( ) A.所有权优势、区位优势和技术优势
B.所有权优势、内部化优势和技术优势
C.区位优势、内部化优势和技术优势
D.所有权优势、内部化优势和区位优势
二、多项选择题(本大题共5小题,每小题2分,共10分)在每小题列出的五
个选项中有二至五个选项是符合题目要求的,请将正确选项前的字母填在题后
的括号内。多选、少选、错选均无分。
23.下列属于非关税壁垒措施的有(23.ABCDE ) A.自愿出口限制 B.歧视性的公共采购 C.对外贸易的国家垄断 D.技术和卫生检疫标准 E.进口许可证
24.以下哪些组织形式属于国际经济一体化组织(24.ABCD A.自由贸易区 B.关税同盟 C.共同市场
D.经济联盟 E.北约
25.制订一个最佳的国际卡特尔产品价格,所需考虑的影响因素有(25.ABCDE A.产品收入弹性 B.卡特尔市场占有率
C.非卡特尔厂商产品的供给弹性 D.卡特尔产品的需求弹性 E.非卡特尔的市场份额
26.基本项目收支差额包括(26.ABC
A.商品贸易收支 B.服务贸易收支 C.资本项目收支
D.官方结算收支 E.金融资产变动项目收支
27.一国在实现外部平衡的过程中,可供选择的政策措施有(27.ABCDE A.融通资金 B.外汇管制 C.汇率浮动
D.调整经济 E.限制进口
第二部分 非选择题
三、名词解释题(本大题共5小题,每小题3分,共15分)
28.生产者剩余是指生产者愿意接受的价格和实际接受的价格之间的差额。
29.罗伯津斯基定理是指在生产两种产品的情况下,如果商品的国际比价保持不变,一种生产要素增加所导致的密集使用该生产要素的产品产量增加,会同时减少另外一种产品的产量。
30.产品生命周期是指新产品经历发明、应用、推广到市场饱和、产品衰落,进而被其他产品所替代四个阶段。
31.购买力平价是指两种货币之间的汇率决定于它们单位货币购买力之间的比例。
32.市场内部化是指企业为减少交易成本,减少生产和投资风险,而将该跨国界的各交易过程变成企业内部的行为。
四、判断说明题(本大题共10小题,每小题2分,共20分)
判断下列命题正误,并说明正确或错误的理由,判断1分,说明1分;判断错误,全题不得分。
33.初级产品价格不稳定的主要原因是初级产品生产的不稳定。
33.“?”。初级产品价格不稳定产生于两方面原因:一是供给变动,另一个是需求变动。
34.根据对美国劳动力市场的实证研究结果,在受教育程度相同的情况下,移民的工资水平要高于原住居民的工资水平。、
34.“?”。根据对美国劳动力市场的实证研究结果,在受教育程度相同的情况下,移民的工资水平要低于原住居民的工资水平。
35.如果将国际投资看作一种国际交换,则它就是指用将来的商品去交换现在的商品。
35.“?”。如果将国际投资看作一种国际交换,则它就是指用现在的商品去交换未来的商品。
36.关税同盟的建立可能促成新的垄断的形成。
36.“?”。当关税同盟对外排他性很大时,那么这种保护会形成新垄断。
37.最惠国待遇就是给予贸易对方最优惠的贸易条件。
37.“?”。最惠国待遇是指任何给予第三方的贸易特权优惠和豁免,也应同样无条件地给予贸易对方。
38.在进出口需求无弹性的情况下,货币贬值能改善贸易收支,即增加出口,减少进口。
38.“?”。在进出口需求无弹性的情况下,货币贬值不但不会改善贸易收支,反而会恶化贸易收支。
39.要素价格均等化会使两国生产同一产品的要素密集度均等化。
39.“?”。由于要素价格的均等化,迫使厂商重新考虑生产要素的密集度,以考虑最低成本,结果是要素密集度均等化。
40.当用直接标价法表示外汇汇价时,数值越大,意味着本币价值越高。
40.“?”。所谓直接标价法是指用一单位外国货币表示本国货币的价格,数值越大,表示单位外币折合本币的数量越多,因此,本币相对价值越低。
41.战略性贸易政策强调政府的“积极干预”。
41.“?”。战略性贸易政策是指通过本国政府的干预加强或改变企业竞争战略,促进本国出口产业发展的政策。
42.布雷顿森林体系确认了浮动汇率合法化。
42.“?”。牙买加体系确认了浮动汇率合法化
五、简答题(本大题共5小题,每小题5分,共25分)
43.简述发展中国家汇率制度的主要特征。
43.(1)采取钉住汇率制度,即本国货币钉住主要发达国家货币,保持汇率相
对固定。
(2)实施外汇管制。
(3)本国货币不能自由兑换外国货币。
44.货币贬值的效应受哪些因素的影响?
44.(1)一国进出口商品的需求弹性和供给弹性的影响最为突出。一般而言,
一国进出口产品的需求弹性越大,货币贬值对改善贸易收支的效果越好。 (2)货币贬值的效应受时滞的影响。
(3)其他国家是否报复,如实施对等的货币贬值。
45.简述倾销的含义及其构成条件。
45.倾销是指出口商以低于本国国内价格或成本向国外销售商品的行为。 条件:
(1)进口国生产同类产品的企业是否受到低价冲击,以使其市场份额明显减
少;
(2)进口国同类企业的利润水平是否明显降低;
(3)是否威胁进口国新兴工业的建立。
46.简述恩格尔定理对国际贸易的意义。
46.(1)恩格尔定律是指随着收入水平的提高,收入中用于食品等必需品的支
出比例减少,用于非必需品的比重上升。
(2)随着世界收入水平的提高,奢侈品及消费品和耐用消费品的需求增长快,
有利于生产这些产品的国家出口。
(3)收入水平的提高,不利于农业生产国的发展,不利于食品等的出口。 47.简述出口补贴对出口国经济的影响。47.(1)出口补贴有利于出口规模的扩
大,有利于增加生产者剩余。
(2)出口补贴减少了消费者剩余。
(3)增加了政府财政支出。
(4)出口补贴使一国经济福利净损失。
六、论述题(本大题共1小题,8分)
48.试述世界贸易组织的基本原则,以及“入世”对中国经济发展的意义。 (1)WTO的基本原则:
?非歧视原则;
?贸易自由化原则;
?可预见原则;
?促进公平竞争原则;
?鼓励发展与改革原则。
(2)“入世”对中国经济发展的意义:
?有利于中国经济进一步融入国际经济大潮。
?有利于中国企业参与国际竞争,逐步提高国际竞争力; ?有利于产品出口。
范文二:国际经济学选择题
国际经济学
选择题:
1、沿着外凸的生产可能性边界线向下移动时,随着一种物品产量的增加,生产该物品的机会成本将会 ( B ) 。
A、保持不变 B、增加 C、减少 D、无法确定
2、下列贸易理论与规模经济无关的有( A ) 。
A、重叠需求理论 B、产品差异理论 C、偏好理论 D、相互倾销理论
3、下列哪种行业最可能不具有规模经济( A ) 。
A、手工品行业 B、飞机制造业 C、汽车制造业 D、半导体行业
4、就整个国家而言,分配进口配额最好的办法是( A ) 。
A 、竞争性拍卖 B、固定的受惠 C、资源使用申请程序 D、政府实施分配
5对于大国而言,征收关税可能导致贸易条件的()和贸易量的() , 答案为( D )
A、不变、不变 B、改善、不变 C、恶化、增加 D、改善、减少
6、跨国企业进行国际合资可能出于以下原因,除了( C )
A 、获得更先进技术和管理技巧 B、服从东道国政府的限制规定
C 、更有效地融合不同国家的语言和文化 D、实现全球生产工厂间的密切协
7、国际直接投资与间接投资的根本区别在于( C ) 。
A 、资本流向 B、权人和债务人的关系
C 、投资者是否拥有企业的控股权和经营管理权 D、以上都不对
8、 ( A )是国际收支平衡表中最基本和最重要的项目。
A 、经常项目 B、资本项目 C、贸易收支 D、平衡项目
9、一个人在做出选择时, ( C ) 。
A、如果边际收益非常大,就可以不考虑机会成本
B、进行最小机会成本的选择
C、比较该选择活动的边际成本和边际收益
D、只有当总利益非常大时,才会选择使用其稀缺资源。
10、金铸币本位制度下决定两国货币汇率的基础是( B ) 。
A 、面值 B、铸币平价 C、黄金输送点 D、外汇市场供求
11、在抛补的利率平价下, ( A ) 。
A 、预期的即期汇率变化率等于两国利差
B 、本国利率与外国利率相等
C 、某货币远期汇率高于即期汇率的百分比等于其利率低于外国利率的百分点
D 、某货币远期汇率高于即期汇率的百分比等于其利率高于外国利率的百分点
12、 假定在固定汇率下, 本币相对甲国货币贬值 10%, 乙国货币相对于甲国货币贬值 12%, 则本币 ( B ) 。
A 、相对于甲国和乙国货币均贬值
B 、相对于甲国货币贬值,相对于乙国货币升值
C 、相对于甲国货币贬值,相对于乙国货币没有变化
D、相对于甲国货币升值,相对于乙国货币升值
13、根据货币分析法,在固定汇率制下,减少一国国际收支赤字的最佳方案是( D ) 。
A 、货币升值 B、货币贬值 C、提高货币供给增长率 D、降低货币供给增长率
14、微观经济学研究的是单个社会的资源配置问题,而国际贸易理论研究的是( D ) 。
A 、一国的资源配置问题 B、两国范围内的资源配置问题
C 、地区范围内的资源配置问题 D、世界范围内的资源配置问题
15、由蒙代尔 -弗莱明模型可以导出所谓的“三元悖论” (Trillema ) ,它包括固定汇率、资本完全流动和 ( A )是难以同时实现的。
A 、货币政策的独立性 B、国际借贷能力 C、财政政策 D、完全雇佣
16、本国生产 a 、 b 、 c 、 d 四种产品的单位劳动投入分别为 1、 2、 4、 15,外国生产这四种产品的单位劳动 投入量分别为 12、 18、 24、 30,根据李嘉图模型,本国在哪种产品上拥有最大比较优势?在哪种产品 上拥有最大比较劣势?( C )
A、 d 和 a B、 c 和 b C、 a 和 d D、 b 和 c
17、一个国家( A ) ,能够在其生产可能性边界之外的点上进行生产。
A 、没有任何时候 B、在充分就业的情况下
C 、同其他国家进行贸易时 D、所有生产要素全部投入生产时
18、对于两国贸易模型来说,国际均衡价格一定处于两国贸易前的( D ) 。
A、最低相对价格水平之下 B 、最高相对价格水平之上
C、相对价格水平之间 D 、具体情况而定
19、不能解释产业内贸易现象的理论有( C ) 。
A、垄断竞争理论 B、规模经济理论
C、要素比例理论 D、重叠需求理论
20、产业内贸易更容易发生在( B ) 。
A、发展中国家和发达国家 B、发达国家之间
C、发展中国家之间 D、类似收入的发展中国家
21、在国内市场完全竞争的条件下,进口配额的福利效应与( C )大致相同。
A 、出口补贴 B、歧视性的公共采购 C、关税效应 D、出口配额
22、贸易保护的政治经济学分析是从( C )的角度解释现实中存在的贸易保护现象的。
A 、外部经济 B、市场不完全竞争 C、收入再分配 D、市场完全竞争
23、大国设置的进口关税( D ) 。
A、会增加国家的福利 B、会减少国家的福利
C、会使国家福利保持不变 D、以上三者都有可能
24、征收进口关税对生产者来说( A ) 。
A、有利于与进口相竞争的生产者 B、不有利于与进口相竞争的生产者
C 、生产者与消费者的福利水平不变 D、生产者的产品价格下降
25、进口国政府所确定的最佳关税水平,与出口国厂商向进口国提供产品的供给
弹性成() ,与进口国对该产品的需求弹性成() 。答案为(B )
A 、反比、反比 B、反比、正比 C、正比、反比 D、正比、正比
26、中国从美国进口一批价值 50万美元的商品,而且美国厂商把所有资金用于
购买中国国债,中国国际收支平衡表的变动为(E )
A 、经常账户、资本账户的借方同记入 50万美元
B 、经常账户、资本账户的贷同记入 50万美元
C、经常账户的借方、贷方同记入 50万美元
D、资本的借方、贷方同记入 50万美元
E、经常账户的借方、资本项目的贷方记入 50万美元
27、通常在高通货膨胀与国际收支顺差共存的情况下,政府可采用的政策工具为( A ) 。
A、紧缩的财政政策和扩张的货币政策
B 、紧缩的财政政策和货币政策
C 、扩张的财政政策和货币政策
D 、扩张的财政政策和紧缩的货币政策
28、汽车产业在 20世纪 80年代以来受到了来自日本、德国等国家同类产业的
大挑战,产量下降,工人失业增加,由此美国采取了一系列的保护汽车产业的进口限制措施,主要是 出于( D )方面的考虑。
A、改善贸易条件 B、扶植产业
C 、大国内有效需求 D、国内利益集团对贸易政策的影响
29、游资(hot money)应计入( B )项目。
A、长期资本 B、短期资本 C、经常项目 D、资本项目
范文三:国际经济学课后判断题及选择题
第一章
1、微观经济学研究的是单个社会的资源配置问题,而国际贸易理论研究的是(D) A一国的资源配置问题 B两国范围内的资源配置问题
C地区范围内的资源配置问题 D世界范围内的资源配置问题
2、如果两个国家在商品的生产中具有不同的机会成本,那么他们能够从专业化与交换中(D) A都受损 B一人受益,一人受损
C既不受益,也不受损 D都受益
3、一个国家(C),能够在生产可能边界之外的点进行消费。
A没有任何时候 B在充分就业的情况下
C同其他国家进行贸易时D所有生产要素全部投入生产的时候
4、供给曲线除了表示不同的价格水平所提供的商品数量外,还可以被认为是(D) A愿意并有能力支付的曲线B边际收益曲线
C供给的最高价格曲线 D供给的最低价格曲线
5、对于两国贸易模型来说,国际均衡价格一定处于两国贸易前的(C) A最低相对价格水平之下B最高相对价格水平之上
C相对价格水平之间 D根据具体情况而定
第二章
国际经济学是研究稀缺资源在世界范围内的有效分配,以及在此过程中发生的经济活动和经济关系的科学。(正确)
国际经济学是经济学的分支学科,是建立在微观经济学和宏观经济学基础上的。(正确) 国际经济学经历了重商主义、自由贸易和现代国际经济学理论多层面发展的三个阶段。它是伴随着国际经济活动的不断增加而逐渐完善起来的。(正确)
国际贸易理论分析不涉及货币因素,考虑各国货币制度的差异与关系的影响。(错误) 大多数国际贸易理论都是一种静态或比较静态分析,时间因素在国际贸易理论中较多体现。(错误)
没有贸易价格差的存在,就不会发生国际贸易。(正确)
国际经济学在研究资源配置时,作为划分界限的基本经济单位是(D) A、企业 B、个人
C、政府 D、国家
从国际经济资源流动的难度看,最容易流动的要素是(A)
A、商品 B、资本
C、人员 D、技术
若贸易的开展导致社会无差异曲线向远离坐标原点的方向移动,则判定贸易对该国是(A) A、有益 B、有害
C、不变 D、不能判断
消费点在同一条社会无差异曲线上移动,表示整个国家的福利水平(C) A、增加 B、减少
C、不变 D、不能判断
在封闭经济条件下,下列不属于一国经济一般均衡的条件的是(D) A、生产达到均衡 B、消费达到均衡
C、市场出清 D、货币市场达到均衡
国际贸易建立的基础是(B)
A、绝对价格 B、相对价格
C、不变价格 D、以上三种都不是
在封闭经济条件下,A国X商品的相对价格低于B国X商品的相对价格,我们称A国在X商品上具有(B)
A、绝对优势 B、比较优势
C、没有优势 D、以上三种都不是
一国从国际贸易中所获利益的多寡取决于(D)
A、市场占有率 B、技术优势
C、竞争优势 D、贸易条件
1、根据比较优势进行贸易可以使所有贸易国的消费超出其生产可能性边界。 (? )
2、在机会成本递增条件下,比较优势理论仍然有效,参加贸易的国家仍然可以从国际贸 易中获益,国际分工也能达到完全专业化的程度。 ( × )
3、技术的绝对差异会导致各国之间的相互贸易。 (? )
4、技术的相对差异是各国形成比较成本的基础。绝对技术差异是相对技术差异的特例或 特殊形式。 (? )
5、在古典国际贸易中,生产要素指的是劳动和资本。 ( ×) 1、甲国生产手表需6个劳动日,生产自行车需9个劳动日,乙国生产手表需12个劳动日, 生产自行车需10个劳动日,根据比较成本说 A A、甲国生产和出口自行车,生产和出口手表 B、乙国进口手表,进口自行车
C、甲国生产出口手表,乙国生产出口自行车
D、甲国生产出口自行车,乙国生产出口手表
2、在比较利益模型中,两种参与贸易商品的国际比价C A、在两国贸易前的两种商品的国内比价之上 B、在两国贸易前的两种商品的国内比价之下 C、在两国贸易前的两种商品的国内比价之间
D、与贸易前的任何一个国家的国内比价相同
3、比较利益理论认为国际贸易的驱动力是D
A、劳动生产率的差异 B、技术水平的差异
C、产品品质的差异 D、价格的差异 4、在绝对利益理论与比较利益理论中,机会成本假定是D
A、递增 B、递减 C、先递增后递减 D、不变 5、当两国之间存在国际贸易时A
A、生产仍在生产可能性边界上,但消费超出了生产可能性边界 B、生产仍在生产可能性边界上,但消费在生产可能性边界之内 C、生产与消费都在生产可能性边界之外 D、生产在生产可能性边界之外,但消费仍在生产可能性边界上 6、假定有两个国家A与B,生产两种产品X与Y。A国生产X产品有比较优势的条件是A A、生产1单位X物品所放弃的Y物品比B国少 B、生产1单位X物品所需要的劳动投入比B国少 C、生产1单位X物品所需要的资本投入比B国少
D、生产1单位X物品所需要的一切投入都比B国少 7、古典国际贸易理论的政策主张是A
A、自由贸易政策 B、保护贸易政策
C、战略性贸易政策 D、保护幼稚产业政策
8、绝对技术差异论的提出者是A
A、斯密 B、李嘉图 C、俄林 D、魁奈 9、亚当?斯密关于国际分工与国际贸易学说的观点是A A、绝对优势论 B、比较优势论
C、要素禀赋论 D、人力资本论
10、在绝对利益理论与比较利益理论中,经济资源能够A A、可以从一个部门自由转移到另外一个部门 B、可以从一个国家自由转移到另外一个国家
C、不能从一个国家自由转移到另外一个国家 D、不能从一个部门自由转移到另外一个部门
第三章
1、如果某种要素供给所占比例大于他国同种要素的供给比例,则其要素相对价格比他国同种要素的价格相对要()
A、高 B、低 C、不一定 D、取决于其他因素
2、赫-俄模型研究的是()
A、贸易的作用 B、贸易的利益分配
C、贸易的模式 D、贸易对收入的影响
3、俄林认为,贸易的流向应该是(ABE)
A、劳动力丰富的国家应该进口资本密集型产品
B、劳动力丰富的国家应该出口劳动密集型产品
C、资本丰富的国家应该进口资本密集型产品
D、资本丰富的国家应该出口劳动密集型产品
E、资本丰富的国家应该出口资本密集型产品
4、根据H-O-S定理,在自由贸易条件下,在国际上有均等化趋势的有() A、要素价格 B、要素数量 C、要素丰裕度
D、商品价格 E、关税水平
5、根据S-S定理,如果劳动密集型产品的相对价格上升,劳动力的实际报酬将() A、上升 B、不变 C、下降 D、上述说法都不准确
6、根据H-O-S定理,国际贸易对相对要素价格和绝对要素价格的影响是(B) A、都无影响 B、都均衡化
C、绝对价格均等,相对价格不确定
D、相对要素价格均等,绝对价格不确定
E、上述说法都不正确
第四章
经济学中划分长期和短期的标准是(D)
A 看时间的长短 B 看要素供给量的变化
C 看要素价格的变化 D 看要素的流动性
在特定要素模型中,一国经济在贸易后达到新的均衡应满足(C) A wx=PXMPLX 且WY=PYMPLY B rx=PxMPKX且rY=PYMPKY C W=PXMPLX=PYMPLY D r=PxMPKX=PYMPK
下述哪个因素会造成劳动以两种产品衡量的实际收入均提高(B) A 劳动供给量增加 B 某部门特定要素量增加
C 出口部门产品价格上升
D 由于关税导致进口部门产品价格上升
如果X、Y商品价格上升同样的幅度,则名义工资和劳动力在两部门之间的分配情况是(C)
A 名义工资上升,劳动从X流向Y
B 名义工资上升,劳动从Y流向X
C 名义工资上升,劳动力分配不变
D名义工资下降,劳动力分配不变
下述哪个因素会造成两部门的产出水平同时提高(D)
A 某部门特定要素量增加 B 某部门特定要素量减少
C 某部门产品价格上升 D 劳动供给量增加
假设劳动力是部门特定要素,而资本可以再两部门间流动,那么实际收入水平取决于消费结构的是(C)
A 进口部门劳动力 B 出口部门劳动力
C 资本家 D进出口部门的劳动力
如果一国是资本丰裕的国家,短期内进口部门和出口部门分别使用特定资本,则贸易开始后在短期实际收入低而长期实际收入逐渐提高的是(B)
A 出口部门特定要素所有者
B 进口部门特定要素所有者
C 出口部门劳动力
D 进口部门劳动力
首先根据微观经济学中的厂商知识,我们很容易得出两种产品生产满足下式:
X,K1/3,L1 Y,K2/5,L2
由此可得:K1,3X,L1,X,K2,5Y,L2,Y
封闭条件下充分就业我们可得:3X,5Y,400,X,Y=100
由此我们可以得到封闭状态下的产量:X,Y,50
根据消费者最优化原则,我们可以得到下面的式子:
PXX,0.4M,PYY,0.6M,两式相比可得PX/PY,2/3$在新的国际比价下,我们根据微观经济学的知识,易得,在这种国际比价下该国会专业化生产X产品,在这种情况下:X,100,Y,0
假设该国消费者的消费量分别为XD,YD,
首先该国的总消费等于总收入,因此100×PX,0×PY,PXXD,PYYD, 其次两种产品的消费满足:PXXD/PYYD,2/3,
最后给定价格比为:PX/PY,1,
由上面的三个等式我们可以得XD,40,YD,60,
因此在该种情况下,该国出口X商品60,进口Y商品60。$为了比较开放前后,国民福利的改变,我们比较一下开放前后总效用的大小即可:
U,X0.4Y0.6
开放前:U,500.4×500.6,50
开放后:U=400.4×600.6,4.3734×11.6651,51.0170
显然开放后的国民福利要大于开放前的国民福利。
首先根据微观经济学中的厂商知识,我们很容易得出两种产品生产满足下式:
X,K1/3,L1 Y,K2/5,L2
由此可得:K1,3X,L1,X,K2,5Y,L2,Y
封闭条件下充分就业我们可得:3X,5Y,400,X,Y=100
由此我们可以得到封闭状态下的产量:X,Y,50
根据消费者最优化原则,我们可以得到下面的式子:
PXX,0.4M,PYY,0.6M,两式相比可得PX/PY,2/3$在新的国际比价下,我们根据微观经济学的知识,易得,在这种国际比价下该国会专业化生产X产品,在这种情况下:X,100,Y,0
假设该国消费者的消费量分别为XD,YD,
首先该国的总消费等于总收入,因此100×PX,0×PY,PXXD,PYYD, 其次两种产品的消费满足:PXXD/PYYD,2/3,
最后给定价格比为:PX/PY,1,
由上面的三个等式我们可以得XD,40,YD,60,
因此在该种情况下,该国出口X商品60,进口Y商品60。$为了比较开放前后,国民福利的
改变,我们比较一下开放前后总效用的大小即可:
U,X0.4Y0.6
开放前:U,500.4×500.6,50
开放后:U=400.4×600.6,4.3734×11.6651,51.0170 显然开放后的国民福利要大于开放前的国民福利。
贸易保护的政治经济学分析是从(C)的角度出发来解释现实中存在的贸易保护现象的。
A 外部经济 B 不完全竞争市场
C 收入分配 D 完全竞争市场
进口国政府所确定的最佳关税水平,与出口国厂商向进口国提供产品的供给弹性成(),与
进口国对该产品的需求弹性成(B)
A 反比;反比 B 反比;正比 C 正比;反比
D 正比;正比
若一大国对进口征收关税,可能导致贸易条件的(D)和贸易量的() A 不变;不变 B 改善;不变 C 恶化;增加
D 改善;减少
若一小国对进口征收关税,可能导致贸易条件的(D)和贸易量的() A 不变;减少 B 改善;不变 C 恶化;增加
D 改善;减少
范文四:国际经济学英文版选择题
练习题二: Part A: Multiple Choice
DADCC BACDB DD
1. In the 2-factor, 2 good Heckscher-Ohlin model, the two countries differ in
A) tastes.
B) military capabilities.
C) size.
D) relative availabilities of factors of production.
E) labor productivities.
2.The slope of a country?s PPF reflects
A) the opportunity cost of product S in terms of product T.
B) the opportunity cost of T in terms of money prices.
C) the opportunity cost of S or T in terms of S.
D) Both A and B.
E) Both A and C.
3. According to the Heckscher-Ohlin model, the source of comparative advantage is a country?s
A) Technology.
B) advertising.
C) human capital.
D) factor endowments.
E) Both A and B.
4. If Australia has relatively more land per worker, and Belgium has relatively more capital per worker, then if trade were to open up between these two countries, A) the relative price of the capital-intensive product would rise in Australia.
B) the world price of the land-intensive product would be higher than it had been in Belgium.
C) the world price of the land intensive product would be higher than it had been in Australia.
D) the relative price of the land intensive product would rise in Belgium. E) None of the above.
5. The Heckscher-Ohlin model predicts all of the following except
A) which country will export which product.
B) which factor of production within each country will gain from trade.
C) the volume of trade.
D) that wages will tend to become equal in both trading countries. E) None of the above.
6. External economies of scale arise when the cost per unit
A) rises as the industry grows larger.
B) falls as the industry grows larger rises as the average firm grows larger.
C) falls as the average firm grows larger.
D) remains constant.
E) None of the above.
7. External economies of scale
A) may be associated with a perfectly competitive industry.
B) cannot be associated with a perfectly competitive industry.
C) tends to result in one huge monopoly.
D) tends to result in large profits for each firm.
E) None of the above.
8. The simultaneous export and import of widgets by the United States is an example of
A) increasing returns to scale.
B)B) imperfect competition.
C) intra-industry trade.
D) inter-industry trade.
E) None of the above.
9. Intra-industry trade can be explained in part by
A) transportation costs within and between countries.
B) problems of data aggregation and categorization.
C) increasing returns to scale.
D) All of the above.
E) None of the above.
10. Intra-industry trade will tend to dominate trade flows when which of the following exists?
A) large differences between relative country factor availabilities
B) small differences between relative country factor availabilities
C) homogeneous products that cannot be differentiated
D) constant cost industries
E) None of the above.
11. The larger the number of firms in a monopolistic competition situation,
A) the larger are that country?s exports.
B) the higher is the price charged.
C) the fewer varieties are sold.
D) the lower is the price charged.
E) None of the above.
12. The larger the number of firms in a monopolistic competition situation,
A) the larger are that country?s exports.
B) the higher is the price charged.
C) the fewer varieties are sold.
D) the lower is the price charged.
E) None of the above.
Part B: Short Questions
1. ?The H.O. model remains useful as a way to predict the income distribution effects of trade.? Discuss.
Answer: T he Stolper-Samuelson theorem, one of the basic theorems arising from the
Heckscher-Ohlin model yields an elegant demonstration of the fact that changes in product prices (such as will occur when trade is expanded or curtailed) telescopes its effects onto factor prices, so that not only do relative factor returns mirror product prices, but that actual returns to factors may either rise or fall in real terms. Hence, as a policy framework, the disproportionate effect trade may have on real incomes of sectors, such as skilled-labor is quite useful both theoretically and practically (or polemically)
2. International trade leads to complete equalization of factor prices. Discuss. This statement is typically ?true . . . but.? Under a strict and limited set of assumptions, such as the original Heckscher-Ohlin model which excludes country specific technologies; non- homothetic tastes; factor intensity reversals; large country differences in (relative) factor abundances, more factors than goods, and an equilibrium solution within the ?cone of specialization?; then it may be
demonstrated that internal consistency demands that the above stated sentence is ?true. ? However, the minute one relaxes any of the above listed assumptions one may easily identify solutions, which contradict the factor price equalization theorem.
3. If a scale economy is the dominant technological factor defining or establishing comparative
advantage, then the underlying facts explaining why a particular country dominates world markets in some product may be pure chance, or historical accident. Explain, and compare this with the answer you would give for the Heckscher-Ohlin model of comparative advantage.
T his statement is true, since the reason the seller is a monopolist may be that it happened to have been the first to produce this product in this country. It may have no connection to any supply or demand related factors; nor to any natural or man-made availability. This is all exactly the opposite of the Heckscher-Ohlin Neo-Classical model?s explanation of the determinants of comparative advantage.
练习题三 Part A Multiple Choice
B E D D A D A A A C C A B D D
1) International borrowing and lending may be interpreted as one form of
A) intermediate trade.
B) inter-temporal trade.
C) trade in services.
D) unrequited international transfers.
E) None of the above.
2) International free labor mobility will under all circumstances
A) increase total world output.
B) improve the economic welfare of everyone.
C) improve the economic welfare of workers everywhere.
D) improve the economic welfare of landlords (or capital owners) everywhere. E) None of the above.
3) International labor mobility
A) leads to wage convergence by raising wages in destination country and lowering in source country.
B) is in accordance with the specific factors model.
C) is in accordance with the Heckscher-Ohlin factor proportions model.
D) leads to wage convergence by raising wages in source and lowering them in destination country.
E) is in accordance with scale economy model.
4) If initially wages are higher in Home than in Foreign, then a movement of workers from Foreign to Home will
A) lower the marginal product of labor in Foreign.
B) raise total product in Foreign.
C) raise the income of land owners in Foreign.
D) raise the income of land owners in Home.
E) None of the above.
5) A country that has a comparative advantage in future production of consumption goods
A) will tend to be an international borrower.
B) will tend to have low real interest rates.
C) will tend to be an international investor or lender.
D) will tend to have good work ethics. E) None of the above.
6) Why a good is produced in two different countries is known as the question of
A) internalization.
B) vertical integration.
C) exploitation.
D) location.
E) None of the above.
7) Direct foreign investment may take any of the following forms except
A) investors buying bonds of an existing firm overseas.
B) the creation of a wholly owned business overseas.
C) the takeover of an existing company overseas.
D) the construction of a manufacturing plant overseas.
E) None of the above.
8) Multinational corporations
A) increase the transfer of technology between nations.
B) make it harder for nations to foster activities of comparative advantage.
C) always enjoy political harmony in host countries in which their subsidiaries operate.
D) require governmental subsidies in order to conduct worldwide operations. E) None of the above.
9) The shift of labor-intensive assembly operations from the United States to Mexican maqiladora may be best explained in terms of a theory of
A) location.
B) vertical integration.
C) horizontal integration.
D) internalization.
E) None of the above.
10) A lower tariff on imported steel would most likely benefit
A) foreign producers at the expense of domestic consumers.
B) domestic manufacturers of steel.
C) domestic consumers of steel.
D) workers in the steel industry.
E) None of the above.
11) In the country levying the tariff, the tariff will
A) increase both consumer and producer surplus.
B) decrease both the consumer and producer surplus.
C) decrease consumer surplus and increase producer surplus.
D) increase consumer surplus and decrease producer surplus.
E) None of the above.
12) If the tariff on computers is not changed, but domestic computer producers shift from domestically produced semiconductors to imported components, then t
he effective rate of protection in the computer industry will
A) increase.
B) decrease
C) remain the same.
D) depend on whether computers are PCs or ?Supercomputers. ?
E) None of the above.
13) If a small country imposes a tariff, then
A ) the producers must suffer a loss.
B) the consumers must suffer a loss.
C) the government revenue must suffer a loss. D) the demand curve must shift to the left.
E) None of the above.
14) The effective rate of protection measures
A) the ?true ? ad valorum value of a tariff.
B) the quota equivalent value of a tariff.
C) the efficiency with which the tariff is collected at the customhouse.
D) the protection given by the tariff to domestic value added.
E) None of the above.
15) As globalization tends to increase the proportion of imported inputs relative to domestically supplied components,
A) the nominal tariff automatically increases.
B) the rate of (effective) protection automatically decreases.
C) the nominal tariff automatically decreases.
D) the rate of (effective) protection automatically increases. E) None of the above. PART B Short Question 1.
It has been argued that even if intra-European Union labor mobility were to be completely removed, one should not expect to observe massive, or even large reallocations of populations with the E.U. Discuss.
T heoretically, just as completely free trade consistent with Heckscher-Ohlin model (with no complete specialization) is associated with factor price equalization; so does completely free labor mobility. It therefore follows that if intra E.U. trade flourishes, as any restraints on trade there are abolished, the economic incentive for labor mobility will be removed. Since language and cultural differences remain, we would expect populations to tend to stay where they are.
2. The two deadweight triangles are the Consumption distortion and Production distortion losses. It is easy to understand why the Consumption distortion constitutes a loss for society. After all it raises the prices of goods to consumers, and even causes some consumers to drop out of the market altogether. It seems paradoxical that the Production distortion is considered an equivalent burden on society. After all, in this case, profits increase, and additional production (with its associated employment) comes on line. This would seem to be an offset rather than an a
ddition to the burden or loss borne by society. Explain why the Production distortion is indeed a loss to society, and what is wrong with the logic that leads to the apparent paradox.
T he Production Distortion represents an inefficient shift of society?s resources to produce a good, which it could not sell profitably at world prices. Since (with full employment assumed) these resources were formerly used to produce export goods, which could compete profitably, the net result is a loss in real income to the country.
练习题五:A E C A D C D D E D A D
1.Which of the following statements is the most accurate? The law of one price states:
A) in competitive markets free of transportation costs and official barrier to trade, identical goods sold in different countries must sell for the same price when their prices are expressed in terms of the same currency.
B) in competitive markets free of transportation costs and official barrier to trade, identical goods sold in the same country must sell for the same price when their prices are expressed in terms of the same currency.
C) in competitive markets free of transportation costs and official barrier to trade, identical goods sold in different countries must sell for the same price.
D) identical goods sold in different countries must sell for the same price when their prices are expressed in terms of the same currency.
E) None of the above.
2. In order for the condition E$/HK$ = Pus/PHK to hold, what assumptions does the principle of purchasing power parity make?
A) No transportation costs and restrictions on trade; commodity baskets that are a reliable indication of price level.
B) Markets are perfectly competitive, i.e., P = MC.
C) The factors of production are identical between countries.
D) No arbitrage exists. E) A and B.
3. Under Purchasing Power Parity,
A) E$/E = PiUS/PiE.
B) E$/E = PiE/PiUS.
C) E$/E = PUS/PE.
D) E$/E = PE/PES.
E) None of the above.
4. In the short run,
A) the interest rate can rise when the domestic money supply falls.
B) the interest rate can decrease when the domestic money supply falls.
C) the interest rate stays constant when the domestic money supply falls.
D) the interest rate rises in the same proportion as the domestic money supply falls. E) None of the above.
5. The PPP theory fails in reality because
A) transport costs and restrictions on trade.
B) monopolistic or oligopolistic practices in goods markets.
C) the inflation data reported in different countries are based on different commodity baskets.
D) A, B, and C.
E) A and B only.
6. The PPP theory fails in reality because
A) transport costs and restrictions on trade.
B) monopolistic or oligopolistic practices in goods markets.
C) the inflation data reported in different countries are based on different commodity baskets.
D) A, B, and C.
E) A and B only.
7. A country?s domestic currency?s real exchange rate, q, is defined as
A) E.
B) E times P.
C) E times P.
D) (E times P)/P.
E) P/(E times P).
8. In the short-run, any fall in EP/P, regardless of its causes, will cause
A) an upward shift in the aggregate demand function and an expansion of output
B) an upward shift in the aggregate demand function and a reduction in output
C) a downward shift in the aggregate demand function and an expansion of output
D) an downward shift in the aggregate demand function and a reduction in output E) an upward shift in the aggregate demand function but leaves output intact
9. In the short-run, a temporary increase in money supply
A) shifts the DD curve to the right, increases output and appreciates the currency.
B) shifts the AA curve to the left, increases output and depreciates the currency.
C) shifts the AA curve to the left, decreases output and depreciates the currency.
D) shifts the AA curve to the left, increases output and appreciates the currency. E) shifts the AA curve to the right, increases output and depreciates the currency.
10. Temporary tax cuts would cause:
A) the AA-curve to shift left.
B) the AA-curve to shift right.
C) the DD-curve to shift left.
D) the DD-curve to shift right.
E) a shift in the AA-curve, although the direction is ambiguous.
11. In the short-run, a temporary increase in the money supply
A) shifts the AA curve to the right, increases output and depreciates the currency.
B) shifts the AA curve to the left, increases output and depreciates the currency.
C) shifts the AA curve to the left, decreases output and depreciates the currency.
D) shifts the AA curve to the left, increases output and appreciates the currency. E) shifts the AA curve to the right, increases output and appreciates the currency.
12. Assume the asset market is always in equilibrium. Therefore a fall in Y would result in:
A) higher inflation abroad.
B) a decreased demand for domestic products.
C) a contraction of the money supply.
D) a depreciation of the home currency.
E) an appreciation of the home currency.
13. What can explain the failure of relative PPP to hold in reality?
Government measures of the price level differ from country to country. One reason for these differences is that people living in different countries spend their income in different ways. Because of this inherent difference among countries, certain baskets will be affected more by price changes given their consumptions basket. For example, consumers in country, X, eats more fish relative to another country. More than likely, the government, upon determining a commodity basket to reflect preference, will have an overwhelming representation of fish in their basket. Any price level change in the fish market will be felt particularly by country X, and their overall price level will reflect this. Thus, changes in the relative prices of basket components can cause relative PPP to become distorted.
14. Using a figure show that under full employment, a temporary fiscal expansion would increase output (overemployment) but cannot increase output in the long run.
A temporarily fiscal expansion will move the economy from DD1 to DD2, and output increases. A permanent fiscal expansion will also shift the AA curve to the left and down. The nominal exchange rate appreciates, i.e. E decreases.
15. Using the DD model, explain what happens to out put when Government demands increase. Use a figure to explain when it is taking place.
T he figure below shows the G1 to G2 raises output at every level of the exchange rate. The change shifts the DD to the right. Which in turns increases output to Y2.
范文五:《国际经济学》选择题汇总版(附答案)
《国际经济学》选择题汇总版(附答案)
Ch1-Ch3
1.The United States is less dependent on trade than most other countries because
B) the United States is a “ Superpower. ”
C)the military power of the United States makes it less dependent on anything.
D) the United States invests in many other countries.
E) many countries invest in the United States.
2. Because the Constitution forbids restraints on interstate trade,
A) the U.S. may not impose tariffs on imports from NAFTA countries.
B) the U.S. may not affect the international value of the $ U.S.
C) the U.S. may not put restraints on foreign investments in California if it involves a financial intermediary in New York State.
D) the U.S. may not impose export duties.
3. International economics can be divided into two broad sub-fields
A) macro and micro.
B) developed and less developed.
C) monetary and barter.
E) static and dynamic.
4. International monetary analysis focuses on
A) the real side of the international economy.
B) the international trade side of the international economy.
C) the international investment side of the international economy.
D) the issues of international cooperation between Central Banks.
5. The gravity model offers a logical explanation for the fact that
A)trade between Asia and the U.S. has grown faster than NAFTA trade.
B) trade in services has grown faster than trade in goods.
C) trade in manufactures has grown faster than in agricultural products.
E) the U.S. trades more with Western Europe than it does with Canada.
6. The gravity model explains why
B)countries with oil reserves tend to export oil.
C)capital rich countries export capital intensive products.
D) intra-industry trade is relatively more important than other forms of trade between neighboring
countries.
E) European countries rely most often on natural resources.
7. Why does the gravity model work?
A) Large economies became large because they were engaged in international trade.
B) Large economies have relatively large incomes, and hence spend more on government promotion of trade and investment.
C) Large economies have relatively larger areas which raises the probability that a productive activity will take place within the borders of that country.
E) Large economies tend to avoid trading with small economies.
8. We see that the Netherlands, Belgium, and Ireland trade considerably more with the United States than with many other countries.
A) This is explained by the gravity model, since these are all large countries.
B) This is explained by the gravity model, since these are all small countries.
D)This fails to be consistent with the gravity model, since these are large countries.
E)This is explained by the gravity model, since they do not share borders.
9. In the present, most of the exports from China are
A) manufactured goods.
C)primary products including agricultural.
D) technology intensive products.
E) overpriced by world market standards.
10. A country engaging in trade according to the principles of comparative advantage gains from trade because it
B) is producing imports indirectly more efficiently than it could domestically.
C) is producing exports using fewer labor units.
D) is producing imports indirectly using fewer labor units.
E) is producing exports while outsourcing services.
11. The Ricardian model attributes the gains from trade associated with the principle of comparative advantage result to
A) differences in technology.
B) differences in preferences.
D) differences in resources.
E) gravity relationships among countries.
12. A nation engaging in trade according to the Ricardian model will find its consumption bundle
A) inside its production possibilities frontier.
B)on its production possibilities frontier.
D) inside its trade-partner‘ s production possibilities frontier.
E)on its trade-partner‘ s production possibilities frontier.
13. Assume that labor is the only factor of production and that wages in the United States equal $20 per hour while wages in Japan are $10 per hour. Production costs would be lower in the United States as compared to Japan if
B) U.S. labor productivity equaled 30 units per hour and Japan‘ s 20 units per hour.
C) U.S. labor productivity equaled 20 units per hour and Japan‘ s 30 units per hour.
D) U.S. labor productivity equaled 15 units per hour and Japan‘ s 25 units per hour.
E) U.S. labor productivity equaled 15 units per hour and Japan‘ s 40 units per hour.
14. In a two-country, two-product world, the statement “ Germany enjoys a comparative advantage over France in autos relative to ships” is equivalent to
B) France having a comparative disadvantage compared to Germany in autos and ships.
C) Germany having a comparative advantage over France in autos and ships.
D) France having no comparative advantage over Germany.
E) France should produce autos.
15. If the United States' production possibility frontier was flatter to the widget axis, whereas Germany's was flatter to the butter axis, we know that
A) the United States has no comparative advantage
C) the U.S. has a comparative advantage in butter.
D) Germany has comparative advantages in both products.
E) the U.S. has a comparative disadvantage in widgets.
Ch4-Ch5
1.The Ricardian model of international trade demonstrates that trade can be mutually beneficial. Why, then, do governments restrict imports of some goods?
B) The Ricardian model is often incorrect in its prediction that trade can be mutually beneficial.
C) Import restrictions are the result of trade wars between hostile countries.
D) Imports are only restricted when foreign-made goods do not meet domestic standards of quality.
E) Restrictions on imports are intended to benefit domestic consumers.
2. Japan‘ s trade policies with regard to rice reflect the fact that
B) Japan has a comparative advantage in rice production and therefore exports most of its rice crop.
C) there would be no gains from trade available to Japan if it engaged in free trade in rice.
D) there are gains from trade that Japan captures by engaging in free trade in rice.
E) Japan imports most of the rice consumed in the country.
3. In the specific factors model, which of the following is treated as a specific factor? A)Labor
C) Cloth
D) Food
E) Technology
4. The specific factors model assumes that there are ________ goods and ________ factor(s) of production.
B) two; two
C) two; one
D) three; two
E) four; three
5. The slope of a country‘ s production possibility frontier with cloth measured on the horizontal and food measured on the vertical axis in the specific factors model is equal to ________ and it ________ as more cloth is produced.
B) -MPLF/MPLC; becomes flatter
C) -MPLF/MPLC; is constant
D) -MPLC/MPLF; becomes steeper
E) -MPLC/MPLF; is constant
6. Under perfect competition, the equilibrium price of labor used to produce cloth will be equal to
A)the slope of the production possibility frontier.
B) the average product of labor in the production of cloth times the price of cloth.
C) the ratio of the marginal product of labor in the production of cloth to the marginal product of labor in the production of food times the ratio of the price of cloth. to the price of food.
E) the price of cloth divided by the marginal product of labor in the production of cloth.
7. In the specific factors model, which of the following will increase the quantity of labor used in cloth production?
B) an increase in the price of food relative to that of cloth
C) a decrease in the price of labor
D) an equal percentage decrease in the price of food and cloth
E) an equal percentage increase in the price of food and cloth
8. A country that does not engage in trade can benefit from trade only if
A)it has an absolute advantage in at least one good.
B) it employs a unique technology.
D) its wage rate is below the world average.
E) pre-trade and free-trade relative prices are identical.
9. In the specific factors model, the effects of trade on welfare are ________ for mobile factors, ________ for fixed factors used to produce the exported good, and ________ for fixed factors used to produce the imported good.
B) ambiguous; negative; positive
C) positive; ambiguous; ambiguous
D) negative; ambiguous; ambiguous
E) positive; positive; positive
10.The effect of trade on specialized employees of import-competing industries will be ________ jobs and ________ pay because they are relatively ________.
A)fewer; lower; mobile
C) more; lower; immobile
D) more; higher; mobile
E) more; higher; immobile
11. There is a bias in the political process against free trade because
A)there is a high correlation between the volume of imports and the unemployment rate.
B) the gains from free trade cannot be measured.
C) those who gain from free trade can‘ t compensate those who lose.
D) foreign governments make large donations to U.S. political campaigns.
.
12.In the 2-factor, 2 good Heckscher-Ohlin model, the two countries differ in
A)tastes and preferences.
B) military capabilities.
C) the size of their economies.
E) labor productivities.
13. If a country produces good Y (measured on the vertical axis) and good X (measured on the horizontal axis), then the absolute value of the slope of its production possibility frontier is equal to
B) the price of good X divided by the price of good Y.
C) the price of good X divided by the price of good Y.
D) the opportunity cost of good Y.
E) the cost of capital (assuming that good Y is capital intensive) divided by the cost of labor.
14. In the 2-factor, 2 good Heckscher-Ohlin model, trade will ________ the owners of a country ‘ s ________ factor and will ________ the good that uses that factor intensively.
B)harm; abundant; import
C) benefit; scarce; export
D) benefit; scarce; import
E) harm; scarce; export
15. The assumption of diminishing returns in the Heckscher-Ohlin model means that, unlike in the Ricardian model, it is likely that
A) countries will consume outside their production possibility frontier.
B) countries will benefit from free international trade.
D) comparative advantage will not determine the direction of trade.
E) global production will decrease under trade.
16.If Japan is relatively capital rich and the United States is relatively land rich, and if food is relatively land intensive then trade between these two, formerly autarkic countries will result in
B) an increase in the relative price of food in Japan.
C) a global increase in the relative price of food.
D) a decrease in the relative price of food in both countries.
E) an increase in the relative price of food in both countries.
17. Starting from an autarky (no-trade) situation with Heckscher-Ohlin model, if Country H is relatively labor abundant, then once trade begins
A) rent will be unchanged but wages will rise in H.
B) wages and rents should rise in H.
C) wages and rents should fall in H.
D) wages should fall and rents should rise in H.
18.The Leontieff Paradox
B) supported the validity of the Ricardian theory of comparative advantage.
C) supported the validity of the Heckscher-Ohlin model.
D) failed to support the validity of the Ricardian theory.
E) proved that the U.S. economy is different from all others.
19. Which of the following is an assertion of the Heckscher-Ohlin model?
A) Factor price equalization will occur only if there is costless mobility of all factors across borders.
B) An increase in a country‘ s labor supply will increase production of both the capital-intensive and the labor-intensive good.
C) In the long-run, labor is mobile and capital is not.
E) Factor endowments determine the technology that is available to a country, which determines the good in which the country will have a comparative advantage.
20. Which of the following is an assertion of the Heckscher-Ohlin model?
An increase in a country‘ s labor supply will increase production of the
B) An increase in a country‘ s labor supply will increase production of both the capital-intensive and the labor-intensive good.
C) In the long-run, labor is mobile and capital is not.
D) Factor price equalization will occur only if there is costless mobility of all factors across borders.
E) Factor endowments determine the technology that is available to a country, which determines the good in which the country will have a comparative advantage.
Ch6-Ch10
1.If the ratio of price of cloth (PC) divided by the price of food (PF) increases in the international marketplace, then
B) all countries would be better off.
C) the terms of trade of food exporters will improve.
D) the terms of trade of all countries will improve.
E) the terms of trade of cloth exporters will worsen.
2.If the ratio of price of cloth (PC) divided by the price of food (PF) increases in the international marketplace, then
B) world relative quantity of cloth supplied and demanded will increase.
C) world relative quantity of cloth supplied and demanded will decrease.
D) world relative quantity of cloth demanded will decrease.
E) world relative quantity of food will increase.
3.If the U.S. (a large country) imposes a tariff on its imported good, this will tend to
A) have no effect on terms of trade.
C) improve the terms of trade of all countries.
D) because a deterioration of U.S. terms of trade.
E) raise the world price of the good imported by the United States.
4.If Slovenia were a large country in world trade, then if it instituted a large set of subsidies for its exports, this must
A) decrease its marginal propensity to consume.
B) have no effect on its terms of trade.
C) improve its terms of trade.
E) harm world terms of trade.
5.Internal economies of scale arise when the cost per unit
.
B) rises as the industry grows larger.
C) falls as the industry grows larger.
D) rises as the average firm grows larger.
E) remains constant over a broad range of output.
6. External economies of scale will ________ average cost when output is ________ by ________.
B) reduce; increased; a firm
C) increase; increased; a firm
D) increase; increased; the industry
E) reduce; reduce; the industry
7. If some industries exhibit internal increasing returns to scale in each country, we should not expect to see
B) intra-industry trade between countries.
C) inter-industry trade between countries.
D) high levels of specialization in both countries.
E) increased productivity in both countries.
8. A learning curve relates ________ to ________ and is a case of ________ returns.
A) unit cost; cumulative production; dynamic decreasing returns
B) output per time period; long-run marginal cost; dynamic increasing returns
D) output per time period; long-run marginal cost; dynamic decreasing returns
E) labor productivity; education; increasing marginal returns
9.Patterns of interregional trade are primarily determined by ________ rather than ________ because factors of production are generally ________.
B) internal economies; external economies; mobile
C) external economies; population; immobile
D) internal economies; population; immobile
E) population; external economies; immobile
10. Monopolistic competition is associated with
B) price-taking behavior.
C) explicit consideration at the firm level of the strategic impact of other firms' pricing decisions.
D) high profit margins in the long run.
E) increasing returns to scale.
11. A firm in long-run equilibrium under monopolistic competition will earn
A) positive monopoly profits because each sells a differentiated product.
C) positive oligopoly profits because each firm sells a differentiated product.
D) negative economic profits because it has economies of scale.
E) positive economic profit if it engages in international trade.
12. The most common form of price discrimination in international trade is
B) non-tariff barriers.
C) Voluntary Export Restraints.
D) preferential trade arrangements.
E) product boycotts.
13.Consider the following two cases. In the first, a U.S. firm purchases 18% of a foreign firm. In the second, a U.S. firm builds a new production facility in a foreign country. Both are ________, with the first referred to as ________ and the second as ________.
B) foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows; greenfield; brownfield
C) foreign direct investment (FDI) outflows; greenfield; brownfield
D) foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows; brownfield; greenfield
E) foreign direct investment (FDI); inflows; outflows
14. Specific tariffs are
A) import taxes stated in specific legal statutes.
C) import taxes calculated as a fraction of the value of the imported goods.
D) the same as import quotas.
E) import taxes calculated based solely on the origin country.
15. A problem encountered when implementing an
A) domestic consumers will purchase the foreign good regardless of the tariff.
C) most industries require tariff protection when they are mature.
D) the tariff may hurt the industry's domestic sales.
E) the tariffs fail to protect the domestic producers.
16. In the country levying the tariff, the tariff will
A) increase both consumer and producer surplus.
B) decrease both the consumer and producer surplus.
D) increase consumer surplus and decrease producer surplus.
E) decrease consumer surplus but leave producers surplus unchanged.
17. If the tariff on computers is not changed, but domestic computer producers shift from domestically produced semiconductors to imported components, then the effective rate of protection in the computer industry will
B) decrease
C) remain the same.
D) depend on whether computers are PCs or
E) no longer apply.
18. When a government allows raw materials and other intermediate products to enter a country duty free, this generally results in a(an)
A) effective tariff rate less than the nominal tariff rate.
C) rise in both nominal and effective tariff rates.
D) fall in both nominal and effective tariff rates.
E) rise in only the effective tariff rate.
19. Should the home country be
A) revenue effect plus redistribution effect.
B) protective effect plus revenue effect.
C) consumption effect plus redistribution effect.
E) terms of trade gain.
20. The efficiency case made for free trade is that as trade distortions such as tariffs are dismantled and removed,
A) government tariff revenue will decrease, and therefore national economic welfare will decrease.
B) government tariff revenue will decrease, and therefore national economic welfare will increase.
D) deadweight losses for producers and consumers will decrease, hence decreasing national economic welfare.
E) government tariff revenue will increase, hence increasing national economic welfare.
21. Which organization determines procedures for the settlement of international trade disputes?
A) World Bank
C) International Monetary Organization
D) International Bank for Reconstruction and Development
E) The League of Nations
22. Today U.S. protectionism is concentrated in
A) high-tech industries.
C) industries in which Japan has a comparative advantage.
D) computer intensive industries.
E) capital-intensive industries.
23. The quantitative importance of U.S. protection of the domestic clothing industry is best explained by the fact that
A) this industry is an important employer of highly skilled labor.
B) this industry is an important employer of low skilled labor.
C) most of the exporters of clothing into the U.S. are poor countries.
D) this industry is a politically well organized sector in the U.S.
24. The optimum tariff is most likely to apply to
A) a small tariff imposed by a small country.
C) a large tariff imposed by a small country.
D) a large tariff imposed by a large country.
E) an ad valorem tariff on a small country.
25. The median voter model
A) works well in the area of trade policy.
B) is not intuitively reasonable.
C) tends to result in biased tariff rates.
E) is not widely practiced in the United States.
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