接引语;用自己的语言转述别人的话,不需要引号这叫做间接引语,实际上间接引语大都是
宾语从句,其中由祈使句转换的间接引语除外,其转换后是不定式。那么直接引语为陈述句、一般疑问句、特殊疑问句和祈使句,转换为间接引语时,句子的结构,人称、时态、时间状
语和地点状语等都要有变化,如何变化呢?
(一)人称的转变
1. 直接引语中的第一人称,一般转换为第三人称,如:
He said,“I am very sorry. ”
He said that he was very sorry.
2. 直接引语中的第二人称,如果原话是针对转述人说的,转换为第一人称,如:
“You should be more careful next time, ”my father told me.
My father told me that I should be more careful the next time.
3. 直接引语中的第二人称,如果原话是针对第三人称说的,转换成第三人称。如:
She said to her son, “I'll check your homework tonight. ”
She said to her son that she would check his homework that night.
4. 人称的转换包括人称代词、物主代词和名词性物主代词等,如:
He asked me, “Will you go to the station with me to meet a friend of mine this
afternoon?”
He asked me whether I would go to the station with him to meet a friend of his t
hat afternoon.
总之,人称的转换不是固定的,具体情况,具体对待,要符合逻辑。
(二)时态的转换
直接引语改为间接引语时,主句中的谓语动词如果是过去时,从句(即间接引语部分)的谓语
动词在时态方面要作相应的变化,变成过去时范畴的各种时态(实际也是宾语从句的时态要
求),变化如下:
一般现在时 一般过去时
现在进行时 过去进行时
现在完成时 过去完成时
一般将来时 过去将来时
一般过去时 过去完成时
过去完成时 不变
过去进行时 不变
如:
1)“I am very glad to visit your school”, she said.
She said she was very glad to visit our school.
2)Tom said, “We are listening to the pop music. ”
Tom said that they were listening to the pop music. 3)Mother asked, “Have you finished your homework before you watch TV?”
Mother asked me whether I had finished my homework before I watched TV.
4)He asked the conductor, “Where shall I get off to change to a No. 3 bus?”
He asked the conductor where he would get off to change to a No. 3 bus.
5)“Why did she refuse to go there?”the teacher asked.
The teacher asked why she had refused to go there. 6)Mother asked me, “Had you finished your homework
before you watched TV?”
Mother asked me whether I had finished my homework before I watched TV. 7)Tom said, “We were having a football match this time yesterday. ”
Tom said that they were having a football match that time the day before.
8)He said,“I haven't heard from my parents these days. ”
He said that he hadn't heard from his parents those days.
(三)时间状语、地点状语及某些对
比性的指示代词和动词变化
now then
today that day
时 yesterday the day before
间 last week(month) the week(month)before tomorrow the next(following)day
next year the year before
two days ago two days before
this that
指示代词
these those
地点状语:here there
动词:come go
bring take
如:
She said, “I won't go there any more. ”
She said she wouldn't come here any more. He said, “This will be finished tomorrow. ”
He said that would be finished the next day. Paul said, “I visited China last year. ”
Paul said he had visited China the year before.
(四)直接引语变成间接引语时,从句时态无须改变
1. 当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时的时候,如:
He always says, “I am tired out. ”
He always says that he is tired out.
2. 当主句的谓语动词是将来时的时候,如:
He will say, “I’ll try my best to help you. ”
he will say that he will try his best to help me. 3. 当直接引语部分带有具体的过去时间状语时,如:
He said, “I went to college in 1994. ”
He told us that he went to college in 1994. 4. 当直接引语中有以when, while引导的从句,表示过去的时间时,如:
He said,“When I was a child, I usually played football after school. ”
He said that when he was a child, he usually played football after school.
5. 当直接引语是客观真理或自然现象时,如:
Our teacher said to us, “Light travels faster than sound. ”
Our teacher told us that light travels faster than sound. 6. 当引语是谚语、格言时,如:
He said,“Practice makes perfect. ”
He said that practice makes perfect.
7. 当直接引语中有情态动词
should, would, could, had better, would rather, might, must, ought to, used to,
need时,如:
The doctor said, “You'd better drink plenty of water. ”
the doctor said I'd better drink plenty of water. He said, “She must be a teacher. ”
He said that she must be a teacher.
He said, “She ought to have arrived her office by now. ”
He said that she ought to have arrived her office by then. The teacher said, “You needn't hand in your compositions today. ”
The teacher said we needn't/didn't need to/didn't have to hand in our compositio
ns.
She asked, “Must I take the medicine?”
She asked if she had to take the medicine. ,注,:此处用had to代替must更好
8. 此外转述中的变化要因实际情况而定,不能机械照搬,如果当地转述,here不必改为
there, 动词come不必改为go,如果当天转述yesterday, tomorrow, this afternoon等均
不必改变。如:
Teacher: You may have the ball game this afternoon. Student A: What did the teacher say, Monitor? Monitor; He said we might have the ball game this afternoon.
(五)直接引语变成间接引语,句子结构的变化
1. 陈述句。用连词that引导,that在口语中常省略。主句的谓语动词可直用接引语中的
said, 也可用told来代替,注意,可以说said that, said to sb. that, told sb. that,
不可直接说told that, 如:
He said, “I have been to the Great Wall. ”
He said to us that he had been to the Great Wall. He said, “I'll give you an examination next Monday. ”
He told us that he would give us an examination the next Monday. (不可说
told that)
此外主句中的谓语还常有:
repeat, whisper, answer, reply, explain, announce, declare, think等,又如:
He said,“I'm late because of the heavy traffic. ”
He explained to us that he was late because of the heavy traffic.
如果间接引语是由that引导的两个或两个以上的并列从句,第一个连词可以省略,以后的连
词一般不省略,以免混乱。
The doctor said, “You are not seriously ill, You will be better soon. ”
The doctor said(that) I was not seriously ill and that I would be better soon.
2. 直接引语为一般疑问句,也称是否疑问句,间接引语用连词whether或if引导,原主句
中谓语动词said要改为asked(me/him/us等),语序是陈述句的语序,这一点非常重要。
He said, “Do you have any difficulty with pronunciation?”
He asked (me) whether/if I had any difficulty with my pronunciation.
He said, “You are interested in English, aren't you?”
He asked whether I was interested in English. 3. 直接引语为选择疑问句,间接引语用whether?or?表达,而不用if?or?,也不用either?or?. 如:
He asked, “Do you speak English or French?”
He asked me whether I spoke English or French.
I asked, “Will you take bus or take train?”
I asked him whether he would take bus or take train.
4. 直接引语为特殊疑问句,改成间接引语时,原来的疑问词作为间接引语的连词,主句的谓语动词用ask(sb. )来表达,语序改为陈述句语序。如:
He asked,“What's your name?”
He asked(me)what my name was. He asked us, “How many car factories have been built in your country?”
He asked us how many car factories had been built in our country.
5. 直接引语为祈使句时,改为间接引语,用带to的不定式表达,谓语动词常是ask, advise, tell, warn, order, request等。如ask sb. to do,(由肯定祈使句变成)ask sb. not to do(由否定祈使句转变),并且在不定式短语中的时间状语、地点状语、人称及时态都作相应的变化。如:
He said,“Be seated, please. ”
He asked us to be seated.
“Do be careful with your handwriting. ”He said.
He told me to be careful with my handwriting. “Never come here again!”said the officer nearby. The officer ordered the villagers never to go there again.
“Don't touch anything in the lab without permission, ”the teacher said. The teacher warned the students not to touch anything in the lab without permiss
ion.
6. 有些含有“建议”、“劝告”的祈使句,可用suggest, insist, offer等动词转述,如: 1)He said, “Let's have a rest. ”
He suggested our having a rest. 2)He said, “Let me help you. ”
He offered to help me.
7. 当直接引语形式上是疑问句,有表示请求,建议意义时,可用
ask sb. to do sth. /suggest doing/advise sb. to do sth. 等形式转述。如: 1)“Would you mind opening the door?”he asked.
He asked me to open the door. 2)“Why not going out for a walk?”he asked us.
He advised us to go out for a walk. 或 He suggested we go out for a walk. 8. 直接引语是感叹句时,变间接引语可用what或how引导,也可用that引导,如: She said, “What a lovely day it is!”
She said what a lovely day it was. 或 She said that it was a lovely day. 小结:直接引语变间接引语是口语交际中经常使用的语言变化形式,可根据具体的语言环境,作具体的使用,要灵活运用。掌握好直接引语变间接引语也能促进对宾语从句的学习和运用。
引用别人的话
引述别人的话时,一般采用两种方式:一是引用别人的原话,把它放在引号内,称为直接引语;二是用自己的话加以转述,被转述的话不放在引号内,称为间接引语。间接引语在大多数情况下是一个宾语从语。直接引语变成间接引语时,要注意以下几点:人称变化、时态变化、宾语从句要用陈述句语序。
1.直接引语是陈述句,变成间接引语时,由连词that 引导。例如:
She said, "I am very happy to help you."?
She said that she was very happy to help you.
2. 直接引语是一般(选择/反意)疑问句,变成间接引语时,由连词whether或if 引导。例如:
He asked me, "Do you like playing football?"?
He asked me if/whether I liked playing football.
注意:大多数情况下,if和whether 可以互换,但后有or not,或在动词不定式前,或放在介词后作连接词时,一般只用whether。例如:
She asked me whether he could do it or not.
He hesitated about whether to drive or take the train.
3. 直接引语是特殊疑问句,变成间接引语时,由相应的疑问词who, whom, whose, how, when, why,
where 等引导。例如:
My sister asked me, "How do you like the film?"?
My sister asked me how I liked the film.
4. 直接引语是祈使句,变成间接引语时,把动词原形变成动词不定式,并在动词不定前加tell, ask, order 等的宾语。例如:
The captain ordered, "Be quiet."?
The captain ordered us to be quiet.
注意:此种情况的否定句,在动词不定式前加not。
My teacher asked me, "Don't laugh."?
My teacher asked me not to laugh.
5. 一些注意事项
(1)直接引语是客观事实、普遍真理等,变成间接引语时,时态不变。例如:
They told their son,"The earth goes round the sun."?
They told their son that the earth goes round the sun.
(2)直接引语变间接引语时, 指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等要作相应的变化。如:this/that? these/those, now?then, today?that day, yesterday?the day before, last year?the year before,
ago?before, here?there等。例如:
He said, "I haven't seen her today."?
He said that he hadn't seen her that day.
注意:如果转述时就在原来的地方,就在说话的当天,就不必改变指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等。
(3)间接引语一般要用陈述句的语序,即主、谓、宾的顺序。例如:
He asked Lucy, "Where did you go?"?
He asked Lucy where she went.
Tom said, "What do you want, Ann?"?
Tom asked Ann what she wanted.
(文/迟本文; 英语辅导报初三版03--04学年度第42期;版权归英语辅导报社所有,独家网络合作伙伴新浪教育,未经许可,不得以任何形式进行转载。)
直接引语变间接引语
说话人直接引用别人的原话叫直接引语。说话人用自己的话把别人的意思转述出来叫间接引语。
如何变人称:
口诀:“一随主,二随宾,第三人称不更新”
“第一人称看主语,第二人称看宾语,宾语若是不存在,活用代
词I, me, my。”
注:“一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时,如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化如:
She said,“My brother wants to go with me.”
? She said her brother wanted to go with her.
“二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时,若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称,或被第二人你所修饰,从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语。也可以用第一人称,如:
He said to Kate,“How is your sister now?”
? He asked Kate how her sister was then.
“第三人称不更新”是指直接引语变间接引语时。如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句中的人称一般不需要变化如:
Mr. Smith said,“Jack is a good worker.”
? Mr. Smith said Jack was a good worker.
如何变时态:
口诀:“主句谓语动词现在将来一般时,直引只变人称用原句,
; 主句的谓语动主句的谓语动词一般过去时,间引时态向后升一级
词一般过去时,直接引语在改为间接引语时,时态需要做相
应的调整。”
直接引语 间接引语
一般现在时 一般过去时
现在进行时 过去进行时
现在完成时 过去完成时
一般过去时 过去完成时
过去完成时 过去完成时
一般将来时 过去将来时
如:
1) She said,“I have lost a pen.”? She said she had lost a pen.
2) She said,“We hope so.”? She said they hoped so.
3) She said,“He will go to see his friend.”? She said he would go to see his friend.
但要注意在以下几种情况下。在直接引语变为间接引语时,时态一般不变化。
? 直接引语是客观真理、引用格言时。
“The earth moves around the sun.” the teacher told me.
? The teacher told me the earth moves around the sun
? 直接引语是过去进行时,时态不变。如:
Jack said,“John, where were you going when I met you in the street?”
? Jack asked John where he was going when he met him in the street.
? 直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语,变为间接引语时,时态不变。
如:
Xiao Wang said,“I was born on April 2l, 1980.”
? Xiao Wang said he was born on April 20, 1980.
? 直接引语如果是一般现在时。表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作,变间接引语,时
态不变。如:
He said,“I get up at six every morning.”? He said he gets up at six every morning.
? 如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时的形式(例:ought to,had better, used to)和已经是过去时的形式时,(例:could, should, would, might)不再变。如:
Peter said,“You had better come have today.”
? Peter said I had better go there that day.
如何变状语:
直引变间引,状语变化应遵循:时状今变昔,地状近变
远,指示这变那,动作来变去
直接引语变间接引语,状语变化有其内在规律,时间状语由“现在”改为“原来”
(例:now 变为 then, yesterday 变为 the day before)地点状语,
尤其表示方向性的,或用指示代词修饰的状语,由“此”改为“彼”(例:this 改为 that),
如:
He said,“These books are mine.” ? He said those books were his.
直接引语 间接引语
时 now then
today that day
this week(month …) that week(month…)
间 yesterday the day before
the day before yesterday two days before
Last week(year …) The week(year …) before
状 Three days(a year, years …) ago Three days(a year, years …) before
tomorrow The next(following) day
The day after tomorrow Two days later(in two days time)
语 Next week(year, month …) The next(following)week(year, month …)
指 示 代 词 this that
these those
地点 状语 here there
动 词 come go
Bring take
如何变句型:
1. 直接引语如果是陈述句,间接引语应改为由 that 引导的宾语从句。
直接引语陈述句,去掉引号加that,引述动词say ,tell, repeat, explain, think,人称变化要灵活,时态向后退一步,状语变化按规
定。
如:
She said, “My brother doesn?t want to go there. ”
?She said that her brother didn?t want to go there.
She said,“Our bus will arrive in five minutes.”
? She said that their bus would arrive in five minutes.
2.直接引语是疑问句时,间接引语为陈述语序:主句的谓语动词say 改为ask,或改为
wonder, do not know, want to know, be not sure, be puzzled等。
直接引语疑问句,间接引语陈述序,引导动词say要变,ask,
wonder,do not know,want to know,be not sure,be puzzled
据语气。
直接引语一般、反意疑问句,去掉引号加if/whether,直接引
语选择疑问句,whether?or带宾从句,陈述语序要记住,时态人称
和状语,小心变化别马虎。
I asked her, “Do you study English here?”
? I asked her if she studied English there.
She said, "Do you often come here to read newspapers?"
?She asked me if (或whether)I often went there to read newspapers.
She asked me , "You have seen the film, haven?t you?"
?She asked me whether(或if )I had seen the film.
I asked him, "Will you stay at home or go to a film tonight?"
?I asked him whether he would stay at home or go to a film that night.
He said,“Can you swim, John?” ? He asked John if he could swim.
“You have finished the homework, haven't you?”my mother asked. ? My mother asked me whether I had finished the homework. 直接引语是特殊疑问句,直接去引号,陈述莫忘掉,小心助动词,
丢它最重要。
“What do you want?” he asked me.
?He asked me what I wanted.
She asked me,“When do they have their dinner?”
? She asked me when they had their dinner.
3.直接引语是祈使句时,间接引语为不定式,作ask , tell, beg, order, warn, advise等动词
的宾语补足语(don?t 变为not ).直接引语如果是祈使句,间接引语应改为“tell(ask, order, beg
等) sb (not) to do sth.”句型。直接引语为祈使句变成间接引语时,要变成以下格式:
ask sb. (not) to do sth. (表示客气)
tell sb. (not) to do sth. (命令性强于上面)
order sb. (not) to do sth. (命令性最强)
直接引语祈使句,间接引语不定式,去掉引号要加to;ask , tell,
beg, order, warn, advise,带宾补,直接引语是否定式,not加在
to前部。
如:
The teacher said to her mother, “Please give me the book. ” ? The teacher asked her mother to give her the book. The teacher said to her mother, “Don?t give me the book. ” ? The teacher told her mother not to give her the book. “Don't make any noise,”she said to the children.
? She told (ordered) the children not to make any noise. “Bring me a cup of tea, please,”said she.
? She asked him to bring her a cup of tea.
注意:
直接引语如果是以“Let?s”开头的祈使句,变为间接引语时,通常用“suggest +动名
词(或从句)。”如:
He said, "Let?s go to the film."
?He suggested going to the film.或He suggested that they should go to see the film.
4. 直接引语是感叹句时,间接引语为what 或how 引导,也可以用that 引导。
直接引语感叹句,what 、how 来引导,间引仍用感叹句,有时
也用that引,间引语序要调整,陈述语序最要紧。
She said, "What a lovely day it is !"
?She said what a lovely day it was .
或She said that it was a lovely day.
直接引语变间接引语练习题 1(He said: “I?ve left my book in my room.” 2(She said: “He will be busy.”
3(She said to Tom, “Can you help me?”
4(She asked, “Is this book yours or his?”
5(The teacher asked, “how did you repair it?” 6(The teacher said to the students, “Don?t waste your time.” 7(The mother said, “Tom, get up early, please.” 8(The teacher said, “The earth goes round the sun.” 9(My father said, “Practice makes perfect.” 10(The boy said to us, “ I usually get up at six every day.” 11(He said, “We are still students.?
12(He said to me, “I was born in 1978.”
13(The engineer said, “I was at college in 1967.” 14(He said, “I have studied English since I was a boy.” 15(She said, “I read the book while I was waiting for a bus. 16(Mr. Green said to them, “Joe told me all about his story when he asked for a job.”
17(He said, “We insisted that she start immediately. 18(She said, “He demanded that the girl leave at once.” 19(I said to him, “I have finished it.”
20(She said to us,“ I?ll come here tomorrow.” 21(“Where does your chemistry teacher live, Karen?” the young man asked.
22(“I have gained the first place in the mathematics competition,” the little boy said happily.
23(“Light travels faster than sound,” the physics teacher said to the boys and girls.
24(“Will you go to the concert with me this evening?” Mary asked me.
25(“What did you do here yesterday?” the old man asked my brother.
直接引语变间接引语专练题(二)
?.单项选择
1. He asked ________ for the computer.
A. did I pay how much B. I paid how much
C. how much did I pay D. how much I paid
2. “Have you seen the film?” he asked me. ?He asked me _______.
A. had I seen the film B. have I seen the film
C. if I have seen the film D. whether I had seen the film 3. “Please close the window,” he said to me.
?He ______ me _____ the window.
A. said to; to close B. told to; closing
C. asked ; to close D. said to; please close
4. “I am a teacher,” Jack said. ?He said _________.
A. that I am a teacher B. I was a teacher
C. that he is a teacher D. he was a teacher
5. He said, “Mother, the boy is very naughty.” ?He _____- very naughty.
A. said his mother that the boy was
B. said to his mother that the boy is
C. told his mother that the boy was
D. spoke to his mother that the boy was
6. “You?ve already got well, haven?t you?” she asked. ?She asked ________.
A. if I have already got well, hadn?t you
B. whether I had already got well
C. have I already got well D. had I already got well. 7. He asked , “ Are you a Party member or a League member?”
?He asked me _________.
A. am I a Party member or a League member
B. was I a Party member or a League member
C. if I was a Party member or a League member
D. whether was I a Party member or a League member. 8. He asked, “How are you getting along?” ?He asked _______.
A. how am I getting along
B. how are you getting along
C. how I was getting along
D. how was I getting along
9. He asked me ________ with me.
A. what the matter is B. what the mater was
C. what?s the matter D. what was the matter 10. He said, “Don?t do that again.” He _____ me _______ that again.
A. said to me; not to do B. said to me; don?t do
C. told me; don?t do D. told me; not to do 将所给直接引语变为间接引语,每空一词: 1. “I never eat meat.” he said.
He said that ______ never ______ meat. 2. “I?ve found my wallet.” he said to me. He ______ me that he ______ ______ ______ wallet. 3. “I took it home with me.” she said.
She said that ______ ______ _______ it home with her. 4. The teacher said, “The sun rises in the east and goes down in the west.”
The teacher said that the sun ______ in the east and ______ down in the west.
5. “I met her yesterday.” he said to me.
He ______ me that he ______ met the day ______. 6. “You must come here before five.” he said. He said that I ______ to go ______ before five. 7. “I bought the house 10 years ago.” he said. He said that he _______ bought the house 10 years _______. 8. “Did you see her last week?” he said.
He ______ ______ I had seen her the week _______. 9. He said, “You can sit here, Jim.”
He ______ Jim that he ______ sit there
10. He asked, “How did you find it, mother?” He asked her mother ______ ______ ______ found it. 11. “Where have you been these days?” he asked. He asked me _______ _______ _______been _______ days. 12. “Do you know where she lives?” he asked. He asked ______ ______ knew where she ______. 13. “Stop making so much noise, children.” he said. He ______ the children ______ ______ making so much noise. 14. “Don?t tell him the news.” she said.
She told me _______ ______ ______ him the news. 15. “Are you intested in this?” he said.
He ______ ______ I was interestd in ______.
附答案:
1( He told me that he had left his book in his room.
2( She said that he would be busy.
3( She asked Tom if /whether he could help her.
4( She asked me whether that book was mine or his.
5( The teacher asked me how I had repaired it.
6( The teacher told the students not to waste their time.
7( The mother asked Tom to get up early.
8( The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.
9( My father said practice makes perfect.
10( The boy told us he usually gets up at six every day.
11( He said they are still students.
12( He told me that he was born in 1978.
13( The engineer said he was at college in 1967.
14( He said he had studied English since he was a boy.
15( She said she had read the book while she was waiting for a bus.
16( Mr. Green told them Joe had told him all about his story when he asked for a job.
17( He said they (had) insisted that she start immediately.
18( She said he demanded that the girl leave at once.
19( I told him I had finished it.
20( She told us she would come here tomorrow
21( The young man asked Karen where her chemistry teacher lived.
22( The little boy said happily that he had gained the first place in the mathematics
competition.
23( The physics teacher told the boys and girls that light travels faster than sound.
24( Mary asked me if / whether I would go to the concert with her that evening.
25( The old man asked my brother what he had done there the day before.
答案与简析:
1. D 宾语从句要用陈述句语序。 2. D 一般疑问句要变成whether或if引导
的宾语从句. 3. C 直接引语为祈使句, 变间接引语时, 主句中的谓语动词
往往根据直接引语的口气换用ask (请求), tell (告诉), order (命令), invite (邀
请), warn (警告), advise (建议)等, 而直接引语中的谓语动词要变成动词不
等式。即ask/tell/order/invite/warn/advise sb. (not) to do sth. 4. D直接引语为
陈述句, 变间接引语时用that引导(口语中常省略)。 5. C 6. B反意疑问句
要变成whether或if引导的宾语从句。7. C 选择疑问句要变成whether或
if引导的宾语从句。8. C直接引语为特殊疑问句, 变间接引语时, 用特殊疑
问词引导, 并将疑问句语序变为陈述句语序。9. D注意时态的一致。What
作主语,the matter(=wrong)作表语。10. D直接引语为祈使句, 变间接引
语时, 主句中的谓语动词往往根据直接引语的口气换用。.
1. he, ate 2. told, had, found, his 3. she, had, taken 4. rise, goes
5. told, had, before 6. had, there 7. had, before 8. asked, if [whether], before
9. told, could 10. how, she, had 11. where, I, had, those 12. if [whether], I, lived
13. told, to, stop 14. not, to, tell 15. asked, if [whether], that
引述是直接引用别人的话
1. 引述是直接引用别人的话,而转述则是转达别人说的话, 因此,引述句改为转述句时,说话人即第一人称“ 我 ”要改 为第三人称“ 他 ” 或“ 她 ”。
如:张童说:“我一定要坚持长跑锻炼。 ” 改:张童说,他一定要坚持长跑锻炼。
2. 当引述内容涉及其他人称时的改法 。 如:姐姐说:“ 你说得对,我就这样做。” 改:姐姐说,我说得对,她就这样做 。 上面的例句中涉及了第二人称,在改为转述句时就应改为 第一人称。还应注意,冒号和引号前的内容不变。
3. 转述句改为引述句,第三人称“ 他 ” 或 “ 她 ”应改 为第一人称“ 我 ”,说话内容涉及第一人称应改为第二人称。
如:老班长说:“ 我没有完成任务,没把你们照顾好。”
改:老班长说,他没有完成任务,没把我们照顾好。
4. 再把引述内容改为转述句中,引述内容中如果有“这”,务必在改为转述句中把“这”改为“那”。
如:**对何其芳说:“我今天要批这些文件。
改:**对何其芳说,他今天要批那些文件。
例子: 这其实是要看前面的说话对象。 例如(1)妈妈对我说:“今天我要开会,你自己做饭吃。”此句应改为: 妈妈对我说,今天她要开会,我自己做饭吃。
(2)张老师对小明说:“这件事情,你冤枉了小红。”
而例(2)中叙述中的“你”是指前面提示语中的“小明”。
因此,此句应改为: 老师对小明说,这件事情,小明(他)冤枉了小红。
小军在电话中对我说:?下个月我一定到你那儿玩。
改为:小军在电话中对我说, 下个月他一定到我这儿玩。
引述是直接引用别人的话 打印
引述是直接引用别人的话,转述是转述别人的话。
1. 说话人即第一人称 “ 我 ” 改为第三人称 “ 他 ” 或 “ 她。
2. 第二人称改为转述时改为第一人称,冒号和引号前的内容不变。 姐姐说:“ 你说得对,我就这样做。 ”
姐姐说,我说得对,她就这样做。
3. 转述中,这改为那。
**对何其芳说:“ 我今天要批这些文件。 ”
**对何其芳说,他今天要批那些文件。
练习:.
赵王告诉蔺相如说:“ 你要带着宝玉到秦国。
赵王告诉蔺相如说,要蔺相如带着宝玉到秦国。
或:赵王要蔺相如带着宝玉到秦国。
2. 刘萍告诉老师:“ 这次的中队会由我来主持。 ”
刘萍告诉老师,这次的中队会由她来主持。
3. 武松道:“ 这可奇怪了!你如何不肯卖酒给我吃? ”
武松道,这可奇怪了!酒家如何不肯卖酒给他吃?
4. 蔺相如说:“ 秦王我都不怕,会怕廉将军吗? ”
蔺相如说,秦王他都不怕,不会怕廉将军。
5. 她深有感触地说:“ 我小时侯总是羞羞答答的。 ”
她深有感触地说,她小时侯总是羞羞答答的。
6. 美丽的姑娘说:“ 我是智慧的女儿。 ”
美丽的姑娘说,她是智慧的女儿。
7. 一位台湾同胞说:“ 我是中国人,我爱中国。 ”
一位台湾同胞说,他是中国人,他爱中国。
8. 小明高兴地告诉妈妈:“ 我在新华书店买了一本《雷锋日记》 。 ”
小明高兴地告诉妈妈,他在新华书店买了一本《雷锋日记》 。
9. 王宁说 :“ 我要像李永勤那样关心集体。 ”
王宁说,他要像李永勤那样关心集体。
10. 小红军对陈赓说 :“ 我还要等我的同伴呢。 ”
小红军对陈赓说,他还要等他的同伴。
11. 爸爸:“ 小红,告诉妈妈,今天爸爸不回家吃饭了。 ”
爸爸让小红告诉妈妈,今天他不回家吃饭了。
12. **坚决地说 :“ 我去炸掉它 !”
**坚决地说,他去炸掉它 !
13. 小青石说:“ 这样安静的生活 , 我讨厌了。 我倘若能和蝴蝶和蚱蜢一样, 要 到哪里,就到哪里,那多好啊! ”
小青石说, 这样安静的生活 , 他讨厌了, 他觉得倘若他能和蝴蝶和蚱蜢一样, 要到哪里,就到哪里,那多好啊!
14. 鲁迅在回信中说 :“ 我的信如果要发表 , 且有发表的地方 , 我可以同意。 ” 鲁迅在回信中说,他的信如果要发表 , 且有发表的地方 , 他可以同意。
15. 他凑到我耳边轻轻地问:“ 记者 , 你见过电灯吗 ?”
他凑到我耳边轻轻地问我见过电灯没有。
16. 西门豹说 : “ 把新娘领来让我看看。
西门豹说,把新娘领来让他看看。
17. 老师傅说:“ 好吧,我把你收下了。 ”
老师傅说,好吧,把我收下了。
18. 他轻轻地说:“ 我买不起,先生,我的钱不够。 ”
他轻轻地说,他买不起,先生,他的钱不够。
19. 他说:“ 我就是叫作藤野严九郎的。 ”
他说,他就是叫作藤野严九郎的。
20. 父亲说:“ 我早已不管他了。 ”
父亲说,他早已不管那个人了。
21. 他微笑着说:“ 我们到延安来,专门赶来采槐花蜜。 ”
他微笑着说,他们到延安来,专门赶来采槐花蜜。
22. 贝多芬说:“ 我是来弹一首曲子给这位姑娘听的。 ”
贝多芬说,他是来弹一首曲子给这位姑娘听的。
23. 小红说:“ 今天下午学校组织到野外活动,我必须参加。 ”
小红说,今天下午学校组织到野外活动,她必须参加。
24. 蔺相如说:“ 这块璧有点儿小问题,让我指给您看。 ”
蔺相如说,这块璧有点儿小问题,让他指给秦王看。
25. 蔺相如说:“ 秦王若有诚意换璧,我就把璧交给他。 ”
蔺相如说,秦王若有诚意换璧,他就把璧交给秦王。
26. 王宁说:“ 我要像李涌那样关心集体。 ”
王宁说,他要像李涌那样关心集体。
27. 小红军对陈庚说:“ 我还要等我的同伴呢。 ”
小红军对陈庚说,他还要等他我的同伴呢。
28. 科利亚说:“ 今天我不仅找到了木匣子,还懂得了时间一天天地过去,人 一天天地长大,步子也在渐渐变大。 ”
科利亚说,今天他不仅找到了木匣子,还懂得了时间一天天地过去,人一天 天地长大,步子也在渐渐变大。
29.李刚对我说:“ 我帮你把自行车送上楼去。 “
李刚对我说,他帮我把自行车送上楼去。
30. 叔叔在信里对我说:“ 有时间我一定到你那儿玩。 ” 叔叔在信里对我说,有时间他一定到我这儿玩。 31.他对我说:“ 这是我的铅笔。 ”
他对我说,那是他的铅笔。
32. 小红军对陈赓说:“我还要等我的同伴。 ”
小红军告诉陈赓,他还要等他的同伴。
直接引语是直接引用别人的话
直接引语是直接引用别人的话,而间接引语则是转达别人说的话, 因此,直接引语改为间接引语时,说话人即第一人称“ 我 ”要改 为第三人称“ 他 ” 或“ 她 ”。 如:张童对我说:“我一定要坚持长跑锻炼。 ” 改:张童告诉我,他一定要坚持长跑锻炼。
鲁迅说:“我的信如果要发表,且有发表的地方,我可以同意。”
鲁迅说,他的信如果要发表,且有发表的地方,他可以同意。
老师对小明说:“我看了你的作文很满意。”
老师对小明说,他看了小明的作文很满意。
注意:1、冒号变逗号,前后双引号去掉。 2、指示代词“这”变“那”,“这里”变成“那里”,“这时候”换成“那时候”,“现在”要换成“那时” 3、趋向动词“去”换成“来”
4、没有具体人称代词时,只要改标点如: 人们都说:“桂林山水甲天下。”改成:人们都说,桂林山水甲天下。 5、冒号前没“说”字的要加上。
6、完成后要检查下句子是否符合语言表达习惯。如:
老师再三嘱咐我们说:“你们寒假里要认真完成作业,坚持锻炼身体。” 改成:老师再三叮嘱我们说,要我们寒假里认真完成作业,坚持锻炼身体。
1. 小红军对陈赓说:“我还要等我的同伴呢。”
----小红对陈赓说,她还要等她的同伴呢。
2. 程进对我说:“我来浇这些花。”
----程进对我说,他来浇那些花。
3. 妈妈问:“我的钱包怎么不见了?”
----妈妈问我,她的钱包怎么不见了。
4.爸爸对奶奶说:“我儿子长大以后会好好孝敬您的。”
----爸爸对奶奶说我长大以后会好好孝敬奶奶的。
5. 老太太问黛玉:“可读过书?”
----老太太问黛玉是否读过书。
张童对我说:“我一定要坚持长跑锻炼。 ”
改:张童告诉我,他一定要坚持长跑锻炼。
姐姐对我说:“ 你说得对,我就这样做。”
改:姐姐告诉我,我说得对,她就这样做 。