范文一:中考-动词和动词短语
知识点:动词和动词短语 建议时长:5min 分值:120分
1. Teachers encourage students to develop the habit of reading in order to
A. keep fresh in mind B. be slow in action
C. laugh at others D. complain about ages
2. --- He always appears to
--- That's because he's really knowledgeable and experienced.
A. make an effort B. have a point
C. pull together D. take place
3. --- You should the shower when you are washing your hair.
--- OK. I will. We need to save water.
A. put on B. put off C. turn off D. turn on
4. --- Jack, could you help me when the plane will take off on the Internet? --- I'm sorry, my computer doesn't work.
A. get out B. look out C. take out D. find out
5. Let's these old books from the room and give them to children in need. A. cut out B. clear out C. put up D. set up
6. Last night I at ten o'clock. Half an hour later, I
A. slept; fell asleep B. went to bed; fell asleep
C. slept; went to bed D. went to bed; slept
7. Boys and girls, now let's to our new classmate, Lucy!
A. give a welcome B. make good friends
C. get along well D. take some photos
8. If our parents do everything for us children, we won't learn to ourselves. A. stand forB. depend on C. live on D. agree with 9. The plane to Hongkong at this time of day.
A. takes off B. gets to C. leaves for D. takes away
10. --- Why have you got so much water here?
--- For the trail-walkers. After they finish the tough hike, they need to lots of water.
A. keep offB. give out C. take in D. put up
the TV, please. It's time for the weather report.
A. Turn on B. Turn off C. Put down D. Put away
12.Surprised and happy, Tony stood up and the present from his boss. A. received B. accepted C. refused D. gave
听力考 6
B 组
听一遍。根据你所听到的句子,从 A , B, C三个选项中选出最恰当的答语 .
1. A. Really? Thanks. B. Here you are. C. You can buy one.
2. A. I want. B. Oh, sorry. C. Get away.
3. A. Yes. B. A little while longer. C. A piece of cake.
4. A. Three times. B. I bought it. C. It’ s 5:30.
5. A. All right. B. No. C. You can't.
6. A. It tastes good. B. I like the longer one. C. Why not?
A 组
听一遍。根据你所听到的句子,从 A , B, C三个选项中选出最恰当的答语。
7. A. In a park. B. In a car. C. In the police station.
8. A. The man. B. The girl. C. The girl’ s parents.
9. A. It’ s windy. B. She doesn't want to. C. It's boring.
10. A. In a post office. B. In an airport. C. In a bookstore.
11. A. Play soccer. B. Go hiking. C. Study.
12. A. Dec. 19. B. Dec. 20. C. Dec.21
范文二:中考考点---动词和动词短语
中考考点分析:动词和动词短语
动词按照含义及它们在句中的作用分为 4类, 即行为动词, 也称实义动词, (连 ) 系动词、 助动词和情态动词。 情态动词将在第三节中具体讲解。 贵阳中考侧重于感官动词的考查, 偶 尔也涉及实义动词的辨析。动词作为句子的核心成分,学生应重点掌握。
一、动词的分类
动词是表示动作或状态的词。动词分为四类:实义动词、连系动词、助动词和情态动词。 1. 实义动词的用法 (及物动词与不及物动词 )
实义动词是能独立作谓语的动词。按其是否跟宾语分为及物动词 (vt .) 和不及物动词 (vi .) ;按 是否具有延续性分为延续性动词和短暂性动词。
(1)及物动词
及物动词本身意义不完整, 需要接宾语才能使其意思表达完整, 如 reach , ask , return , love , need 。具体用法为:
① 动词+宾语。如:
He reached Canada yesterday.他昨天到达加拿大。
② 动词+宾语+宾语补足语。如:
They asked me to go fishing with them.他们让我一起去钓鱼。
I saw the children play in the park yesterday.昨天我看见孩子们在公园里玩。
注意:带省略 to 的不定式或现在分词作宾补的常考动词有:make , let , have , see , watch , notice , hear 等。
③ 动词+间接宾语+直接宾语。如:
I will return the storybook to him.我准备把故事书还给他。
注意:带双宾语的常考动词有:give , bring , buy , get , leave , lend , make , offer , pass , teach , tell , reach , return 等。
(2)不及物动词
不及物动词本身意思完整,无须接宾语,构成 “ 主语+谓语 ” 的句型,如 swim , come , go , run , travel 等;如后面接宾语,必须与介词连用。如:
Lucy is swimming.露西正在游泳。
I am waiting for you at the school gate.我正在校门口等你。
有些动词既可作及物动词,又可作不及物动词。如:
我们学习英语。 (及物 )
我们学习努力。 (不及物 )
这个小女孩正在唱一首英语歌曲。 (及物 )
这个小女孩唱歌很好。 (不及物 )
2. 系动词的用法
系动词本身没有词义, 不能单独作谓语, 必须和表语一起构成谓语, 说明主语的状态、 性质、 特征或身份。
常考系动词的分类
常见用法的注意事项:
① 一般情况下,系动词没有被动语态形式。
② 表示状态的系动词一般不用于进行时 (feel除外 ) ;变化系动词表示 “ 渐渐 ……” ,可用于进 行时。如:
It's getting warmer and warmer.天气渐渐变得暖和。
3. 助动词的用法
助动词本身没有意义或意义不完全, 不能单独用作谓语。 助动词在句中与实义动词或系动词 一起构成谓语,以表示时态、语态、人称和数。此外,还可以用来构成否定、疑问或强调的 句型。具体用法见下表:
【易错点提醒】 will , would , shall , should 除了表示单纯的将来时间以外,更多的是用作情 态动词。
4. 情态动词的用法
(有一定的词义,但不能单独作谓语,必须和行为动词或系动词连用,构成谓语。
具体用法和习题详见专题 “ 情态动词 ” )
练习题:
1. My parents said they would come to visit me. I couldn't to see them after several months away from home.
A. wait B. help C. expect D. afford
2.Soccer is a wonderful game for children. It great exercise, such as running and kicking. A. provides B. remains C. practises D. receives
3.When the plane finally reached New York, I was not surprised to that all the passengers were hurrying to come out. I stopped and spoke to the girl whom I had
for such a long time.
3.1.A.say B.hear C.find D.think
3.2.A.known B.watched C.helped D.protected
4. If you want to change the world, you have to ______ yourself first.
A. enjoy B. check C. help D. change
5. The Internet is so closely connected with our daily life. Can you _____a life without it?
A. understand B. imagine C. consider D. expect
二、动词短语
动词与其他一些词构成的起动词作用的短语称为动词短语。 有的相当于及物动词, 有的相当 于及物动词, 有的兼有及物和不及物动词的特点。 及物动词短语可以接宾语, 而不及物动词 短语不接宾语便可表达完整的意思。
按动词短语的构成,一般可将动词短语分成以下几类:
(一)动词短语(动词 +副词)
可用作及物或不及物动词短语。如果用作及物动词短语应注意宾语位置的不同。
宾语若是名词,可以放在副词后面,也可以放在动词与副词之间。
宾语若是代词,则必须放在副词之前。
如:Put on your coat when you go out.当你出去时, 穿上你的外套! (名词作宾语置于副词后) (及物)
Let me think it over.让我仔细考虑一下。(代词作宾语置于副词前)
He looked around and tried to find his bag.他环视四周,想找到他的书包。(不及物)
常见的 “ 动词 +副词 ” 型动词短语有:
take off 起飞 set off 出发 fly away 飞走 look out 当心
look around 朝四周看 go down 下来 walk on 继续走 get up 起床 break out 爆
发 come in 进来 come back 回来 fall behind 落后 come over 顺便来访
(二)动词短语(动词 +介词)
只能用作及物动词短语,无论宾语是名词还是代词,都要放在介词之后。
如:He is looking for his new pen.他正在寻找他的新钢笔。
Please listen to your teacher carefully.请认真听老师讲课。
We haven't heard from him for a long time.我们很久没有收到他的来信了。
常见的 “ 动词 +介词 ” 型动词短语有:
look after 照顾 look over 检查(病 ...... ) look through 仔细查阅 run through 浏览
agree to 同意(某事) agree with 同意(某人) deal with 处理、对付 hear of 听说
put off 推迟 breathe in 吸入 get in 收割 prepare for 为 ...... 准备
prevent from 阻止、防止
(三)动词短语(动词 +副词 +介词)
用作及物动词短语,宾语要置于介词之后。
如:How can you put up with a man like him?你怎么能忍受像他这样的人?
He runs fast and we can't catch up with him.他跑得很快,我们追不上他。
He gets on well with his classmates.他与同学们相处融洽。
常见的 “ 动词 +副词 +介词 ” 型动词短语有:
pass on to 把 ...... 传递给 ...... go ahead with 继续进行 catch up with 超上
do well in 在 ...... 方面做得好 come over to 顺便来访 go in for 爱好
look down upon 瞧不起 look forward to 盼望 go on with 和 ...... 相处
(四)动词短语(动词 +名词 +介词)
用作及物动词短语,宾语置于介词之后。
如:All of us will take part in the meeting.我们所有的人都将参加会议。
Pay attention to your spoken English.注意一下你的英语口语。
Would you like to have a word with me?你愿意和我说说话吗?
常见的 “ 动词 +名词 +介词 ” 型动词短语有:
take care of 照顾 take part in 参加 make fun of 开 ...... 的玩笑 make use of 利用
pay attention to 注意 make friends with 和 ...... 交朋友 have need of=be in need of 需要 make sentences with 用 ...... 造句 have faith in 相信 take hold of 抓住 catch hold of 抓住 take the place of 代替 get rid of 去掉、废除
(五)短语(be+形容词 +介词)
用作及物动词短语,宾语置于介词之后。
如:They were afraid of you.他们怕你。
The students are all ready for the exam.学生们都为考试准备好了。
常见的 “be+形容词 +介词 ” 型动词短语有:
be fond of 喜欢 be afraid of 害怕 be famous for 以 ...... 出名
be sure about/of 对 ...... 有把握 be good at 擅长于 .... be good for 对 ...... 有好处
be good to 对 ...... 友好 be ready for 为 ...... 做好准备
(六)动词短语(动词 +名词)
用作不及物动词短语。
如:A woman kept watch at the gate.一位妇女在大门口值班。
常见的 “ 动词 +名词 ” 型动词短语有:
take aim瞄准
take place发生
lose heart灰心
keep watch值班
练习题:
6. Almost every university now has a website which allows us to ___ the information about it.
A. look at B. look after C. look around D. look through
7.Jane is very busy these days, for she has a lot of problems to
A. deal with B. keep up with
C. agree with D. come up with
8. ______ a light when necessary. You will bring light to other people and yourself.
A. Try on B. Get on C. Turn on D. Put on
9. — What smells terrible, Ted?
— I ’ m sorry. I’ ll _____my shoes and wash them at once.
A. take away B. put away C. move away D. get away
课后巩固:
1.This silk dress______so smooth.It’ s made in China.
A.feels B.smells C.sounds D.tastes
2. — Would you like to try some pizza?
— Yes, please. It ________ lovely and ________nice.
A . sounds ; sees B . hears ; turns C . looks ; smells
3. He ________ an English club last year and has made great progress in English.
A . protected B . produced C . joined
4. — Why do you want to stay at home?
— Because I______ good when I am with my family.
A.smelt B.feel C.taste D.sound
5. — Do you like the songs by Taylor?
— Yes. Country music ________ nice and full of feelings.
A . sounds B . listens C . hears
6.My brother________to move the heavy box, but I didn't give up.
A . reminded B . refused C . agreed
7.We all know that learning a foreign language ________ time and effort.
A . requires B . reduces C . removes
8.Don't ________any more time, or we will miss the meeting.
A . save B . trust C . waste
9.Almost every university now has a website which allows us to ____ the information about it. A . look through B . look after C . look around
10. — The organization Wild Aid is ________ to protect wild animals.
— It has done a lot so far.
A . cheered up B . picked up C . set up
11. — When will your new book________?
— It has not been decided yet.
A . find out B . come out C . look up
12.Mr.Wang is ________ his wallet at home, but he can't find it anywhere.
A . looking out B . looking up C . looking for
13.This bus doesn't go to the train station.I'm afraid you'll have to ______ at the library and take the A52.
A . take off B . put off C . get off
14.After hours of discussion, we finally________a new way to solve the problem.
A . came up with B . caught up with C . kept up with
15. — When will your new book________?
— It has not been decided yet.
A . find out B . come out C . look up
范文三:动词和动词短语
动词和动词短语
一、动词的分类
根据意义和句法作用,英语动词可分为四类:
1. 行为动词(实义动词)
①及物动词 (带宾语) :study, develop;
②不及物动词(不带宾语) work, swim, go, come
③状态动词(相对静止) contain, exist, own, prefer, belong
④动作动词 延续性(work, stay) ;非延续性(marry, go, come)
2. 系动词
①表示人或事物的特征和状态:be, feel, look, seem, taste, appear, sound
②表示状态的变化:turn, go, become, get, fall, grow
③表示某种状态的延续或持续:remain, keep, stay
3. 助动词(与动词原形或分词构成复合谓语) : be(am,is,are),do(does,did);have(has);will,would,shall
4. 情态动词:can(could),may(might),must,shall(should)
二、动词及动词短语
(一) 、动词词义辨析
动词是是各类考试的重点,高考试题中, 单项填空、 完形填空和改错等三项题型中, 动词辨 义的比重较大,并逐年增加。动词辨义主要指:
1、形状相同的动词之间辨义。如:lie, lay; hanged, hung; rise, raise; sit, seat等。
2、意义相近的动词之间辨义。如:borrow, lend; speak, say, talk; hope, wish等。
3、 动词与其它词形相近、 意义相似的词的辨义。 如:advise, advice; cost, worth; pass, past 等。
4、 意义不同, 但容易混淆的动词的辨义。 如:explain, say; discover, invent, uncover; find, find out 等。 5、 某些常用动词的习惯用法的辨义。 如:ask, give, call, make, find, get, keep, want, see, hear 等。 6、 某些常用动词短语的辨义。 如:give in, give up, turn on, turn off, turn down, turn up等。
易混动词归纳对比
1、 lay (放) , lie(躺)与 lie (说谎) :这三个易混动词构成见下表:
2、 rise 和 raise :rise 是不及物动词,其过去式是 rose ,过去分词是 risen ,而 raise 是及物动 词,是规则动词。
(三)动词短语
动词短语是指动词和介词、 副词或名词的习惯搭配。 有关动词短语的测试点主要涉及结 构上选用恰当的搭配词,不同搭配含意上的辨异及不同短语的辨异。需掌握以下要点: 1、根据动词短语的不同特点,掌握其运用规律。
(I)动词 +副词 (不及物 )
Harry turned up after the party when everyone had left. 晚会后,人们都已离去,哈里出现了。 (2)动词 +副词 (及物 )
Please turn every light in the house off. 请把房子里的每一盏灯都关掉。
注意:①如果宾语较长,就应避免把副词同动词分开。如:She turned off all the lights which had been left on. 她关掉了所有还在亮着的灯。②如果宾语是人称代词,只能放在动词和副 词之间。如:She gave them away. 她送掉了它们。
(3)动词 +介词 (及物 )
I'm looking for my glasses. 我在找我的眼镜。
注意:①当它跟宾语时,不能把介词放在宾语后面。②动词短语可以放在句子或从句末尾。 如:She's got more work than she can cope with. 她的工作多得使她应付不了。
(4)动词 +副词 +介词
I look forward to seeing you soon. 我盼望不久就见到你。
注:“ 动词 +介词 ” 、 “ 动词 +名词 +副词 ” 、 “ 动词 +副词 +介词 ” ,这三种搭配都是及物的,如变 成被动语态,不可漏掉介词。 In this way both grain and vegetable can be well looked after. (不 能漏掉 after) 这样一来,粮食和蔬菜都能兼顾了。
2、熟悉同一动词和不同介词或副词、不同的动词和同一介词或同一副词搭配在意义上的差 异。
(1)同一动词和不同介词搭配时,意义上的差异。如:① hear from收到 … 的来信, hear of听
说。 ② look after照料, look at看, look for寻找。
(2)同一动词和不同副词搭配时, 意义上的差异。 如:① ring back回电话 , ring off挂断电话 , ring up 打电话 ② put away放好 , put on穿,上演 , put up挂起,举起。
(3)不同动词和同一介词搭配时,在意义上的差异。如:look for寻找 , call for去取 (某物 ) ,去 接 (某人 ), ask for请求 , wait for等候 , send for派人去叫。
(4)不同动词和同一副词搭配时,在意义上的差异。如:① break out发生,爆炸 , carry out进 行, 开展 , go out熄灭 , hand out分发 , let out放出 , look out当心 , sell out卖完 , set out出发 , take out 取出 , work out算出。② break down出毛病 , come down落下来 , get down下车 , take down取下 , write down写下。
常见高频动词短语总结
break
break away 摆 脱 ; 逃 跑
break down (机 器 ) 出 故 障 ; 中 断 ; 分 解 break into 闯 入 ; 打 断 ; 突 然 中 断
break off 中 断 ; 折 断 ; 突 然 停 止
break out 突 然 发 生 ; 爆 发
break through 突 破 ; 克 服 ; 挣 脱 而 出
break up 打 碎 ; 中 断 ; 分 解
break in 破 门 而 入 ;打 断(谈 话 ) ;插 嘴 come
come about 发 生
come across 偶 遇 ; 碰 到 ; 讲 清 楚
come along 进 展 ; 成 功 ; 一 道 走
come into effect 生 效
come off 发 生 ; 举 行 ; 成 功
come on 快 点 ; 走 吧 ; 有 进 展
come out 出 来 ; 结 果 是 出 版
come round/around再 现 ; 恢 复 知 觉 ; 改 变 看 法
come through 经 历 ; 获 得 成 功
come to 苏 醒 ; 达 到 ; 总 数 为
come up 发 生 ; 走 上 前 去 ;(时 间 ) 快 到
come up to 达 到 (高 度 、 程 度 ) ; 符 合
come up against 碰 到 (困 难 )
come up with 赶 上 ; 提 出
come back 回 来 ; 反 驳
come true 变 为 现 实
go
go along 进 展 ; 陪 同 前 往
go by 时 间 过 去 ; 经 过 ; 遵 守
go down 下 降 ; 下 沉 ; 下 跌
go for 去 ;选 择 ;想 要 ;攻 击(用 语 言 ) go in for 从 事 ; 爱 好 ; 参 加 (选 拔 赛 、 考 试 等 )
go into 研 究 ; 调 查 , 从 事
go off 离 开 ; 爆 炸 ; 食 品 变 坏 ; 断 电 ; 熄 灭 ; (与 副 词 连 用 或 用 于 疑 问 句 ) 进 行 ; 发 生
go on 继 续 进 行 ; 发 生 ; 上 场
go out 离 开 ; 熄 灭 ; 过 时
go over 浏 览 ; 仔 细 查 看 ; 检 查 ; 审 查 go through 通 过 ; 经 历 (苦 难 ) ; 仔 细 检 查 go up 上 升 ; 增 长 ; 涨 价
get
get through 浏 览 ; 翻 阅 ; 经 历 困 难 (痛 苦 ) ; 做 完 某 事
get in 收 割 ;收 获 ;收 集 ;购 买 ;买 进 ; 插 话
get over 克 服 ; 战 胜 ; 熬 过 ; 做 完 ; 结 束 ; 走 完
get on 继 续 ; 进 行 ; 上 车
get round 传 播 ; 散 播 ; 说 服 某 人 ; 回 避 ;
避 开
get about 四 处 走 动 ; 传 开
get across 传 达 ; 使 ---让 人 理 解
get along/on (with) 进 展 ; 相 处
get down 记 下 ; 下 来 ; 下 车 ; 使 ---人 忧 愁 get down to(介 词 ) 开 始 认 真 干
get back 恢 复 ; 回 来 ; 收 回
get out 泄 露 ; 逃 离
get tighter 聚 会 ; 收 集
put
put across 解 释 清 楚 ; 使 人 接 受
put aside 放 在 一 边 ; 储 存 ; 保 留
put away 放 好 ; 收 好
put down 写 下 ; 记 下 ; 镇 压
put forward 提 出 ; 推 荐 ; 把 ---提 前
put in 伸 进 ; 提 出 ; 提 交 ; 申 请 , 请 求 put in for 申 请 ; 正 式 要 求
put off 延 期 ; 推 迟 ; 关 掉 ; 阻 止 , 妨 碍 put on 穿 上 ; 戴 上 ; 上 演 ; 增 加 (体 重 ) put out 熄 灭 ; 关 灯 ; 生 产 出 , 出 版
put up 举 起 ; 修 建 ; 提 供
put up with 忍 受 ; 容 忍
put through (把 电 话 ) 接 通 ; 做 完 ; 向 — 传 达 , take
take after 与 ----相 似
take apart 拆 卸 (机 器 )
take away 拿 走 ; 时 离 开 ; 消 除 (病 痛 等 )
take down 记 下 来 ; 拆 掉
take for (错 ) 当 作 ; (误 ) 认 为
take in 吸 收 ; 接 受 ; 领 会 ; 欺 骗
take off 起 飞 ; 匆 匆 离 去 ; 脱 下
take on 呈 现 ; 采 纳 ; 承 担 , 从 事
take one’s time 不 要 着 急 , 慢 慢 地 做
take over 接 收 , 接 管 , 取 代
take to 喜 欢 ; 养 成 ---的 习 惯
take up 占 据 , 占 (时 间 、 空 间 ) ; 开 始 从 事 turn
turn down 关 小 , 调 低 , 拒 绝
turn off 关 上 /掉 ; 转 向 ; (使 某 人 感 到 厌 烦 ) turn out 关(灯 ) ;制 造 ;结 果 是 ;原 来 是 ;培 养
turn over (使 )翻 转 /身 ;移 交 ;周 转 ;仔 细 考 虑 turn to 求 助 于 ; (使 ) 转 向 ; (把 注 意 力 等 ) 转 向 ; 翻 书 到
turn up 开 大 ; 被 发 现 , 被 找 到 ; 到 达 ; 露 面
范文四:动词和动词短语
动词和动词短语
一、系动词
1.表示人或事物特征和状态的系动词,如smell,live,look,sound,feel,seem,appear等。
例如:
The actor looked his part.
那个演员看上去和他演的角色很相称。
He appears fl normal person.
他看来是一个正常人。
2.表示状态的变化,如go,grow,run,turn,become,wash,get,turn OUt,come等。
例如:
His dream has come true.他的梦想成真了。 The river went dry.河流干涸了。
3.表示某种状态的持续或延续,如last,stand,lie,keep,stay,continue,hold等。
例如:
He stayed young.他依然年轻。
He told me to keep calm under all circumstances. 他告诉我在任何情况下都要保持镇静。
注意:常用系动词及与之搭配的形容词:
①feel:sorry,lonely,proud,shy。happy等。 ②get:late,fat,dark,worse,angry,well等。
③go:hungry,bad,lame,broken,mad,blind等。 ④grow:worse,calm,cold,old,thin,big,fat,dark等。
⑤keep:calm,fine,quiet,warm,happy等。
⑥look:strong,tired,fit,nervous,friendly,pretty,excellent等。
⑦remain:single,unmarried,calm,open,active,silent等。
⑧prove:false,correct,easy,difficult,useful等。 ⑨turn:yellow,grey,pale,red,black,green,cold等。
二、一些常用行为动词的用法比较
1.1ay和
lie
He lied tO me that he had finished his homework. 他向我撒谎说完成作业了。
He laid the baby on the bed.
他把婴儿放置在床上。
2.arise,rise和
raise
The sun having set down,a mist arose.
太阳落山后起了雾。
The river has risen by several metres.
河水上涨了好几米。
It’S difficult raising a family on a small income. 依靠微薄的收入是很难养家的。
3.hang的用法
He hung his clothes on the wall.
他把衣服挂在墙上。
A towel hung from the rail.
栏杆上搭着条毛巾。
The murderer was hanged and the dead was avenged. 杀人犯被绞死了,为死者报了仇。
4.get的用法
(1)get+宾语:在这种结构中,get通常意为receive(收到),obtain(获得),fetch(拿来),take(拿)。例如:
I got her letter yesterday.
昨天我收到了她的来信。
(2)get+形容词:表示某种状态的变化,意思与become相似。例如:
When you get old,your memory gets worse. 你老了之后,记忆力会变差。
(3)get+过去分词:这种结构相当于“be+过去分词”,相当于被动语态。
His leg got broken in the car accident.
在那次车祸中,他的腿断了。
(4)get+宾语+宾语补足语(形容词、分词、不定式):这种结构表示“使??变得,使??移动,使??做,使??被做”。
l can 7t get my feet warm.
我没法使脚暖和起来。
Can you get the car going?
你能把车开动起来吗?
I shall get Mr.Wang to do it for me.
我该让王先生给我做那件事。
I got my watch repaired yesterday.
我昨天让人把表修了。
注意:有时候“get+宾语+过去分词”并不表示“要某事被
别人做”,而是表示“经历??,遭受??”。例如: They got their roof blown off in the storm last night. 昨晚的暴风雨把他们的房顶给掀掉了。
5.have的用法
(1)have+宾语+不带to的不定式:“使某人做某事”。 例如:
He had everybody fill out a form.
他让所有的人都填了表。
(2)have+宾语+现在分词:“使某人一直??”。例如: She had us laughing all through the meal.
在吃饭过程中,她使我们始终笑个不停。
(3)have+宾语+过去分词:“使??被(他人)做”。例如: If you don’t get OUt of my house,I’ll have you arrested.
如果不离开我的房子,我就让人把你抓起来。
注意:have sb.do,have sb.doing,have sb./sth.done还可以
表示“经历某个事件或行动,遭遇??”(句子的主语不是动作的
执行者)。例如:
He had his left hand cut off when operating the machine.
他在操作这种机器时左手被切掉了。
It’S lovely to have people smile at you in the street. 在街上,人们冲你微笑是件非常愉快的事。
The boss had the workers working all through the night.
老板让工人彻夜工作。
6.look,seem和appear
(1)look强调由视觉得出的印象,意为“看上去,看起来”。 例如:
He looks very strong.他看上去很强壮。
(2)seem表示根据某种情况、状态或迹象所作出的判断,这 种判断可靠性较大。例如:
It seems as though there’s no way out of our difficulty. 似乎没有办法摆脱我们的困境。
(3)appear表示外表给人的印象,这种印象可能是靠不住 的、虚假的。例如:
He appears to be your friend but I doubt if he is. 他看起来像你的朋友,但我怀疑他是否真是。
注意:(1)look常用结构:look+adj./v.-ed,look+n.;look
+介词短语;look as if。
(2)seem常用结构;seem+分词/adj.,seem+n.,seem+介
语短语;seem to do,It seems that从句;It seems as if从句。
三、高频动词短语
1.get词组
get about 到处走动;活动
get across 横过;使渡过,使明白
get along/on with [通常用进行时]进展;相处 get away 离去,离开
get down to? 静下心来;处理,从事
get it 了解;受罚;懂了
get over 爬过,越过 ,康复
get through 使(某人)理解;完成,接通电话
get rid of 摆脱
get across使通过 清楚使被理解 被理解
1. (使)越过,(使)渡过;(使)横穿马路:
It's so much safer to get across the road at the traffic lights.
在有交通红绿灯的地方横穿马路要安全得多。
2. (使)被了解;讲清楚,让…听懂:
He taught me how to get my ideas across.
他教我如何把自己的观点表达清楚。
3. [英国口语]触犯,冒犯;使生气,使恼火:
Take care not to get across the director,he could have you dismissed.
小心别惹经理生气,他会把你开除。
get through
1. (使)通过:
The woman was so fat that she couldn't get through the doorway.
这女人胖得连门都通不过。
2. (使)通过考试;(使)达到标准:
John has got through the examination.
约翰已经通过考试了。
3. (使)通过法案(或议案等):
Buy now before the tax increase gets through next week! 在下周的增税法案通过前,现在就购买吧!
4. (电话等)打通,接通;给…接通电话:
The operator finally got me through.
接线员最终给我接通了电话。
get over:从(不快或疾病中)恢复过来
1. If you get over an unpleasant or unhappy experience or an illness, you recover from it.
It took me a very long time to get over the shock of her death. 得知她去世的消息我惊愕不已,很长时间才缓过劲来。 克服,战胜(问题、困难)
2. If you get over a problem or difficulty, you overcome it. How would they get over that problem, he wondered? 他们会怎么解决那个问题?他寻思着。
get down to
?
1. 认真对待;认真处理;专心做:
The task isn't as difficult as it seems when you really get down to it.
在你真正认真做这项工作时,它并不像看上去那样困难。
? Get down to:开始认真考虑;着手处理
1. But really, once you get down to it, there’s really only the first reason.
但实际上,当你去香港之后就会发现,其实原因只有第一种。
2. But when things get down to business on the first day, I am not so confident thisweek will be paradise.
当第一天开始着手处理事务时,我就知道这将一定不会是天堂般快活的一周。
3. Many of us take the time to customize these options, because we have certain preferences
for what we like to see when we first get down to browsing. 我们当中的许多人可能都会去自定义这些选项,因为我们在每次坐下来浏览互联网的时候都有自己喜欢想要去浏览的东西
练习题:
1. How are you getting _____ _____ your English?
2. The bank robbers used a stolen car to get _____.
3. Before I could get _____ a word he had measured me, and was giving orders for evening suits, ...
4. If you knocks into someone, or get _____ his way, you says,
5. when you are in london, you might
get_____ _____ _____ a friend of mine.
6. If you don't want to go, I suppose I can get _____ _____ the ticket.
7. we all try to get _____ at least once a year at Christmas time.
8. It took us only four minutes to get _____ the customs(海关).
1. get along with 进展
2. get away 逃脱
3. get in a word 插话
4. get in one's way 挡了某人的路
5. get in touch with sb. 与某人取得联系,保持联系
6. get rid of 除掉,去掉
7. get together 相聚,碰头
8.get through 通过
2.give词组
give away 赠送(礼物);颁发(奖品);泄露(秘密) give back 恢复;归还
give sb.a hand 帮忙
give in 上交,让步
give off 发出,放出(气体/液体/气味)
give out 分发,用完,耗尽
give sb.a ring(phone call) 打电话给某人
give away:送掉;赠送;分发(奖品):
John gave all his possessions away and became a monk. 约翰把他所有的家产都送了人,出家为僧。
We have invited a famous actor to give away the prizes. 我们邀请了一位著名演员颁发奖品。
(有意、无意地)泄露(情报、秘密等):
Please don't give my secret away!
请不要说出我的秘密!
give短语练习
1. In those days, he used to give _____ a part of his income to help his friend.
2. Both sides argued with reason, and neither would give _____.
3. If they are burned, they give _____ poisonous gases.
4. when they made ready to climb the next ridge(山脊), they found that their oxygen had given ______.
5. Both the man and horse gave _____ after the long ride.
6. All hope of finding the missing aircraft was given _____ and the search stopped.
7. Mary had to give _____ her job after her marriage.
1. give away 赠送,给予
2. give in 投降,让步,屈服
3. give off 发出,放出
4. give out 用完,耗尽
5. give out 力竭
6. give up 放弃
7. give up 辞去
.
3.go词组
go after/for 追逐,追求
go against 违反,反对
go back to 追溯到
go bad 变质
go ahead 开始,继续
go in for 从事,爱好
go out (灯、火)熄灭
go over 检查,复习
go through 穿过,通过
go with 和??相配;伴随
go 词组
1. please don't go _____ _____ it till you've seen me again.
2. they went _____ _____ their open-air
performance in spite of the rain.
3. put more wood on the fire, otherwise it will go _____.
4. the mechanic(技师)went _____ the engine but found nothing wrong.
5. they went _____ their lessons together at night.
6. the bullet(子弹)went _____ the wall.
7. the police went _____ very room of the building.
1. go ahead with 继续进行, 推进,前进
2. go ahead 取得进展
3. go out 灯,火熄灭
4. go over 检查
5. go over 复习
6. go through 穿过,通过
7. go through 仔细检查,查看
4.keep词组
keep a diary 记日记
keep back 阻止??向前
keep busy doing sth. 不停地做某事
keep in touch with与??保持联系
keep doing 继续不停地做某事
keep on doing 继续不停地做某事(强调动作的重复) keep fit 保持健康
keep?from 阻止/防止??做
keep?in mind记住
keep one’s word/promise遵守诺言
keep off the grass勿踏草地
keep out 不得入内
keep?out 挡住,留在外面
keep up 继续;保持,坚持
keep up with 跟上
keep watch 守望,值班,放哨
5.look词组
look after 照顾,照料
look around/about四处看看,四下环顾
look back 回头看;回顾
look down upon(on)看不起,轻视
look forward to 盼望,期待
look into 朝??看去;调查
look on?as?把??看作??
look out 当心,小心,留神
look through 浏览,翻阅;温习;仔细查看;透过??看 look up 查寻,查阅;抬头看
7.make词组
make a decision 作决定
make a(no)difference重要(不重要)
make?into 把??制成
be made of 用某种原材料制成(能看出原材料) be made from 用某种原材料制成(看不出原材料) make one’s way往??去
make out 辨认出;理解;填写
make up 化妆;配制;组成;编造,虚构;和解
make up(for) 弥补,补充,补偿
make(full/good)use of(充分)利用
make?to one’s own measure照某人的尺寸去做 make up one’s mind下决心
make fun of 取笑,嘲笑,和??开玩笑
8.put词组
put aside 把??放在一边;储蓄
put away 放好,收起来;储存
put an end to 结束
put back 把(钟)拨慢;推迟;阻碍
put down 扑灭,平息,镇压;放下
put forward 提出
put into 插入;译成
put off 延期,拖延
put on 上演;穿戴
put on weight 发胖
put out 熄灭,扑灭;生产
put sb.to the trouble of麻烦某人做
put up挂起,张贴;举起,抬起;建造,搭起;为某人提供膳宿
put up with 忍受,容忍
put one’s heart into用心去做
9.set词组
be set in? 以??为背景
set about doing 着手,开始做
set off 起程,出发;引爆
set out 出发,动身
set?doing 使??开始做
set up 创立,设立,建立;竖起,支起 set fire(to) 放火
set sb.free 释放
set an example tO sb.给??树立榜样
10.take词组
take away 带走,拿走
take charge(of) 负责;掌管
take down 拿下;记下;拆毁 take off 起飞;脱掉
take?into consideration考虑
take place 发生;举行,举办 take?sth.seriously认真对待
take up 从事;占据;拿起
take care of 照顾
take in 接受;吸收;欺骗
take great trouble to do sth. 不辞辛劳做某事
take it easy 别急
take on a new look呈现新的面貌
take one’s place取代某人的位置
take over 接管
take sb./sth.by mistake错拿;错把??当作
take sth.for granted想当然
take the place of代替
take your time 别急,慢慢来
目录
?
? ? ? ? ?
go top 释义 权威词典 用法 例句 take up
?
占去 拿起;开始从事;占据(时间,地方) Take up 开始从事 占据 拿起
1. 拿起,捡起,举起,拔起;拿走:
She took up the receiver and began to dial the number. 她拿起听筒开始拨电话号码。
They took up arms and fought for their faith and liberty. 他们拿起武器为信仰和自由而斗争。
2. 占用,占(地方):
All available accommodation were taken up.
房间都住满了。
3. 占去(地方、时间、注意力等);费(时间);占据(注意力): I'm sorry I've already taken up so much of your valuable time.
对不起,我占了你这么多宝贵时间。
The piano takes up too much space.
这架钢琴占地方太多。
The whole of my time is taken up with trifles.
我的所有时间都被琐事占去了。
开始从事(一项事业、一种职业等),学习(某种知识、技能等)
He dropped medicine and took up physics. 他放弃学医,开始学物理。
For a long time I had wanted to take up writing. 很久以来我一直想从事写作。
She took up the study of English 4 years ago.
她四年前开始学英语。
He has taken up stamp-collecting as a hobby.
他已经有了集邮这个爱好
继续。
如:We took up our journey the next day.
第二天我们继续赶路。
This chapter takes up where the last one left off. 本章接续上一章谈到的内容。
take in。
(1) 理解。
如:We find it difficult to take in what he teaches. 我们发现他教的东西很难理解。
(4) 欺骗,使上当。
如:Don’t be taken in by his promises. 别被他的诺言
所欺骗。
11.turn词组
turn attention tO把注意力转向
turn?into? 变成,转变成
turn out(to be) 结果是,证明是
turn away 走开;把脸转过去;把??打发走 turn out 生产;驱逐;翻转;证明是 turn on 开,旋开(电灯等)
turn off 关(水源等);拐弯
turn into 进入;使变成,使成为
turn down 关小,调低;拒绝
turn against 对??采取敌对态度
take turns 依次,轮流
turn back (使)折回;(使)往回走
turn around/round转变,(使)转好;翻身,转身 in turn 依次,轮流;转而,反过来
turn up 出现;找到;把音量开大一些;卷起 turn to 变成;求助于;着手;查阅
turn over (机器等)运转;翻过来;仔细考虑
与不同动词搭配的介/副词
1.动词与down构成的短语 break down坏了,垮了,分解 down“向下”
turn down调小,拒绝
cut down削减,砍倒
slow down慢下来
put down记下,写下,镇压 tear down拆毁,拆除
set down记下
2.动词与on构成的短语
on“在??上”/动作状态延续 depend on依靠
rely on依靠
insist on坚持
carry on继续,进行
keep/go on继续
put on穿上,戴上,上演 feed on以??为食
3.动词与out构成的短语 out“出来”
break out爆发
point out指出
carry out执行,进行
turn out结果是,生产,培养 work out算出,想出办法,健身 find out查出,弄明白 try out试用,试验
look out当心,提防
4.动词与up构成的短语 u p‘‘向上”/动作结果 give up放弃,停止,中止 build up建立
set up架起,建立
put up搭起,安装,住宿,张贴 pick up拾起,学会,收听到
bring up抚养,呕吐,提出,调出
stay up熬夜
make up构成,组成 cut up切碎
hold up耽搁,使停顿
5.动词与away构成的短语 away“离开”
throw away扔掉 clear away清除掉 die away逐渐消失 take away拿走
put away收起;存放
范文五:动词和动词短语
动词和动词短语
动词的分类 (1)实义动词
①及物动词:一般情况下,其后要跟宾语意义才完整。 Raise your hand if you have any questions.有问题举手。 ②不及物动词:动词之后不需要跟宾语。
Don't run.There's plenty of time.不要跑,还有足够的时间。
③可作及物动词和不及物动词的动词:随着使用的场合的不同而有所不同。 I heard her voice.我听见了她的声音。
(2)连系动词:通常要加上表语,否则意义不完整。
You look young for your age.就你的年龄而言,你看上去很年轻。
(3)助动词:用来构成各种时态,语态,语气以及否定句和疑问句等。 We are playing an interesting game.我们正在玩一个有趣的游戏。 (4)情态动词:与动词原形连用,本身具有词汇意义。 He may lose his way.他可能会迷路的。
动词分类详解 1. 实义动词
(1)不及物动词(vi.)
不及物动词指不能跟宾语的动词。常用作不及物动词的有: ache 疼痛 agree 同意 apologize 道歉 appear 出现 arrive 到达 come 来 dance 跳舞 exist 存在 fall 掉 flow 流淌
lie 躺 rise 升起,站起 stand 站 stay 待,留
1) 跟单宾语的及物动词
只跟一个宾语的动词称为单宾语动词。常见的跟单宾语的动词有: accept 接受 admire 羡慕 admit 承认 affect 影响
afford 买得起,付得起 raise 举起 bury 埋 celebrate 庆祝 destroy 毁坏 defend 捍卫 devote 致力 discover 发现 educate 教育 invent 发明 explain 解释 forget 忘记
2) 跟双宾语的及物动词
可以同时跟两个宾语的及物动词叫双宾语及物动词,一个为间接宾语,另一个为直接宾语。常用结构为vt.+sb.sth.当把直接宾语(sth.)提前时,则构成vt.+sth. to/for sb。 ①可变为加to 形式的动词
其中to 侧重指动作的方向,表示朝着、向着、对着某人。常见的此类动词有: give 给 hand 递 pass 递 post 寄
promise 答应 read 读 show 表现 teach 教 tell 告诉 lend 借 owe 归功于 send 送 ②可变为加for 形式的动词
其中for 侧重指动作的受益者,表示为了某人,替某人。常见的此类动词有: buy 买 cook 烹饪 find 发现 make 使
order 点菜,订购 spare 抽出
3) 跟复合结构的及物动词
①跟形容词或形容词短语作宾补,补充说明宾语的性质,状态等。常见的此类动词有: believe 相信 drive 驱使 find 发现 get 使
keep 使保持 leave 使... 留下 make 使 set 使处于 think 认为 consider 认为 imagine 想象 paint 漆
Keep the window open.让窗户开着。 ②跟名词短语作宾补的动词常见的有: appoint 任命 call 叫
name 命名 make 使变为 consider 认为 elect 选举
We consider him a strange person.我们认为他是一个奇怪的人。 ③跟带to 的不定式结构作宾补的动词常见的有: advise 建议 allow 允许 ask 要求 cause 引起
enable 使能够 encourage 鼓励 except 期望 forbid 禁止 force 逼迫 permit 允许 invite 邀请 remind 提醒 warn 警告 urge 敦促
Jeffrey told me not to let out the news.杰佛里告诉我不要泄露这个消息。 ④跟to be+名词或形容词作宾补的动词: believe 认为 consider 认为 feel 感觉 find 发现 imagine 想象 prove 证明
⑤可跟不带to 的不定式作宾补的动词常见的有“5看3使2听1感觉”: see 看见 notice 注意
watch 注意看 observe 观察 look at 看 have 使 make 使 let 使
hear 听见 listen to 听feel 感觉
以上动词在变为被动结构时,宾补变为主语补足语,这时主补必须加to ,但let 和have 通常不用于被动语态。
see 看见 hear 听见 keep(使) 保持 catch 抓住 find 发现 watch 注意看 look at 看 listen to 听 observe 观察 get 使 leave 让... 处于某种状态
⑦跟动词–ed 形式作宾补的动词:
一般来说,凡事能跟不带to 的不定式作宾语补足语的动词都能跟动词的–ed 形式作宾语补足语。常见的此类动词有: have 使 make 使 see 看见 hear 听见 notice 注意 feel 感觉 watch 注意看 look at 看 listen to 听 get 让
I must get my watch fixed,for it often stops.我的表经常停,我得修理一下。
⑧跟as 等引出的介词短语作宾补的动词,在这种结构中,as 后可跟名词或代词。 regard 看作 consider 认为 choose 选为 use 当做... 用 recognize 承认 refer to 说起 describe 描述 think of 认为
You can keep this book as your own.你可以留着这本书。 ⑨跟副词或介词短语作宾补的动词 allow 允许 ask 请 get 击中 let 允许
drive 开车送 shut 关闭 see 看待 invite 邀请 lead 领着 discover 发现 notice 注意到 keep 保持
Can i ask Bob in?我可以请鲍勃进来吗? (3)持续性动词与终止性动词 1) 持续性动词
持续性动词又称延续性动词,表示一种可以持续的行为过程或状态。常见的持续性动词有: drink 喝 eat 吃 fly 飞
have 有 keep 保持 know 知道 rain 下雨 run 跑 read 读
sing 唱 sleep 睡觉 smoke 抽烟 snow 下雪 talk 说 walk 走 2) 终止性动词
终止性动词又称非延续性动词,表示行为或过程是瞬间完成的。常见的终止性动词有: arrive 到达 begin 开始 borrow 借 break 打破
cause 导致,引起 close 关闭 come 来 go 走 jump 跳 lose 丢 marry 结果 open 打开
3) 持续性动词和终止性动词的用法
①持续性动词可用表示一段时间的状语修饰,而终止性动词则一般不可。 I have been living here for years.我在这里住了多年了。
②有时终止性动词也能同表示一段时间的时间状语搭配,一种情况是表示一段时间内的某个时间“点”,一种是在否定句中。
The play will start in half an hour.这出戏半个小时后开始。 ③终止性动词一般不用于while 引导的时间状语从句中。
While the family came here from Russia,they were penniless.(X)这家人从俄罗斯刚来时,他们身无分文。
④持续性动词表示一时的动作,可以在该动词前加get/begin/come to It was not until i failed again that I got to realize my fault.直到我再次失败,我才开始认识到我的
过失。
2. 连系动词
(1)状态连系动词
表明主语的性质,状态,身份的连系动词称为状态连系动词。常见的此类连系动词主要有: be 是 look 看上去
seem 看上去 appear 显得 smell 闻起来 taste 尝起来 sound 听起来 stay 保持
(2)转变或结果连系动词
有一些连系动词表示主语性质或状态的变化。常见的此类连系动词主要有: become 变得 get 变得
grow 逐渐变得 turn 变得 prove 最终显现为 go 变得
知识拓展
连系动词的固定搭配:
fall ill病倒 fall asleep 入睡
fall silent 沉默下来 keep fit 保持健康
keep silent 保持沉默 keep calm 保持冷静
3. 助动词 (1)be
be 用作助动词和它用作连系动词时一样,有人称,数和时态等变化。可与现在分词构成进
Were you sleeping when I called last evening?昨天晚上我打电话时你在睡觉吗?
助动词have 的用法: ①构成完成时态
Pamela has phoned me about your coming.帕梅拉已打电话把你要来的事告诉我了。 ②构成虚拟语气
在表示对“过去”的虚拟时,if 从句中用had done 结构,主句中用would/could/might/should have done
If they had had time yesterday,they would certainly have come and helped us.如果他们昨天有时间,他们一定会来帮助我们。
①助动词do 的用法主要用来帮助实义动词构成否定或疑问形式。
I like coffee,but my parent don't.我喜欢咖啡,但我父母不喜欢。 ②“do not/don't+动词原形”构成否定的祈使句 Don't be so careless.不要那么粗心大意。 ③do在谓语动词前用来加强语气。
I do wish you will come.我真的希望你会来。
④用于部分倒装句中,hardly ,never ,rarely ,little 等词位于句首时助动词提前。 Never did i expect to see him here.我从未想过会在这里看到他。 ⑤do还可用来代替实义动词,以避免重复。
(4)will,would ,shall ,should
will ,shall 用于构成一般将来时,would ,should 用于构成过去将来时。shall ,should 主要用于第一人称,will ,would 可用于一切人称。
动词的基本形式
1. 一般现在时第三人称单数
说明:不规则变化的有have –has ;be –is 等。
动词短语
1. 动词短语的构成
(1)动词+介词
动词加at ,for ,from ,into ,of ,to ,with 等构成的动词短语是动介型的动词短语。 apply for 申请,请求 appeal to 吸引,呼吁;上诉 arrive at/in 到达 attend to 处理,关照 adapt to 适应 talk about 讨论
feel like 想要 knock at/on 敲(门,窗等) relate to 涉及,理解 play with 玩耍 benefit from 得益于 break into 闯入 (2)及物动词+副词
转载请注明出处范文大全网 » 中考-动词和动词短语