今生没有遗憾
范文一：西安景点的英文介绍
?a????ó????a?μ?ê
Huaqing Pool is situated about 35 kilometres east of the city of Xi??an. Historically, the Western Zhou dynasty saw the construction of the Li Palace on
the spot. In the Qin dynasty a pool was built with stones, and was given the
name Lishan Tang (the Lishan Hot Spring). The site was extended into a palace in
the Han dynasty, and renamed the Li Palace (the Resort Palace). In the Tang
dynasty, Li Shimin (Emperor Tai Zong) ordered to construct the Hot Spring Palace, and Emperor Xuan Zong had a walled palace built around Lishan Mountain
in the year of 747. It was known as the Huaqing Palace. It also had the name
Huaqing Pool on account of its location on the hot springs.
Huaqing Pool is located at the foot of the Lishan Mountain, a branch range of
the Qinling Ranges, and stands 1,256 metres high. It is covered with pines and
cypresses, looking very much like a like a dark green galloping horse from a
long distance. So it has the name of the Lishan Mountain (Li means a black
horse).
The Tang dynasty Emperor Xuan Zong and his favourite lady, Yang Gui Fei used to
make their home at Frost Drifting Hall in winter days. When winter came, snowflakes were floating in the air, and everything in sight was white. However,
they came into thaw immediately in front of the hall. It owed a great deal to
the luke warm vapour rising out of the hot spring. This is the Frost Drifting
Hall that greets us today.
Close by the Frost Drifting Hall lies the Nine Dragon Pool. According to legend,
the Central Shaanxi Plain was once stricken by a severe drought in the very
remote past. Thus, by the order of the Jade Emperor (the Supreme Deity
of
Heaven), an old dragon came at the head of eight young ones, and made rain here.
Yet when the disaster was just abating, they lowered their guard so much that it
became serious again. In a fit of anger, the Jade Emperor kept the young dragons
under the Jade Cause Way (ó?μì), with the Morning Glow Pavilion and the Sunset
Pavilion built at both ends of it respectively, to make the young dragons spout
cleat water all day long to meet the needs of local irrigation. Besides, he had
the old dragon confined to the bottom of the Roaring Dragon Waterside Pavilion
situated at the upper end of the Jade Causeway, and obliged him to exercise
control over the young.
The Nine-Bend Corridor west of the Nine Dragon Pool leads directly to the Marble
Boat, which resembles a dragon boat on the water surface. In the Marble Boat
lies the Nine Dragon Tang (the Nine Dragon Hot Spring where Emperor Xuan Zong
used to take baths). At the head of his court ladies and hundreds of his
officials, he would come to the Huanqing Palace to spend his winter days in
October of the Lunar calendar and return to Chang??an City as the year drew to
its close. The Nine Dragon Hot Spring was originally built with crystal jade,
whose surface was decorated with theflowers. In it twin lotus flowers also carved with white jade could be seen as
well. The spring water welled from the break of an earthen jar, and spouted up
to the lotus flowers. Hence the name Lotus Flower Tang (the Lotus Flower Hot
Spring).
The Gui Fei Bathing Pool was where Yang Gui Fei, Emperor Xuan Zong??s favorite
lady, used to take bath. It was originally built with white jade, and
in its
center a blooming flower spouted water like a spring. The pool looked very much
like a Chinese flowering crabapple; Hence its name the Chinese Flowering Crabapple Hot Spring or the Lotus Hot Spring..
Lady Yang used to make a stay in this pavilion to see sights or to air her hair
after a bath. Therefore, it was named the Hair Airing Pavilion. Whether the sun
was rising or setting, the pavilion was aglow with sunshine; hence the name the
Flying Roseate Pavilion.
Southwest of the Gui Fei Bathing Pool stands a brick-built pavilion. On its head
three big Chinese characters ??Xi Jia Lou?? (Fine Sunset-Bathed Pavilion)are
inscribed according to the model of the most celebrated according to the model
of the most celebrated Chinese calligrapher, Yu You Ren, here is the source of
the spring water.
At this spa there are four hot springs. They have an hourly flow of 112 tons,
and a constant temperature of 43??C. The spring water contains lime, sodium
carbonate, sodium sulphate and other minerals, which makes it suitable for
bathing and considerable treatment of quite a few diseases such as dermatosis,
rheumatism, arthritis and muscular pain. The Fine Sunset-Bathed Pavilion marks
the first source of the spring water, which was discovered some 3,000 years ago,
roughly in the Western Zhou Dynasty. Its water flow averages 25 tons per hour.
Take up the steps east of the source of hot springs, you will gradually see the
Five-Room Pavilion where Chiang Kaishek made a temporary stay during the Xi??an
Incident.
The Xi??an Incident took place on December 12, 1936, and it is also known as the
Double Twelfth Incident. After the Incident of September 18, 1936, the Japanese
imperialists seized the three provinces northeast of China, and intensified
their invasion of North China. This was the very moment vital to the Chinese
nation. Yet Chiang Kaichek persisted doggedly in carrying out his reactionary
policy ??domestic tranquility is a must for the resistance against Japanese
invades,?? and commanded the Northeast Army and Northwest Army, respectively
headed by Zhang Xueliang and Yang Hucheng, to attack the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia
Border Region. Inspired by our Party??s policy ??let us stop the internal war and
unit to resist the Japanese aggressors,?? those two generals made to Chiang
Kaishek the proposal of forming a united front with the Communist Party for the
resistance. Not only did he reject the proposal, but flew to Xi??an to scheme the ??suppression of the Communist Party.?? And the slaughter of the patriotic youth.
Out of patriotism, Zhang and Yang started the famous Xi??an Incident.
Very early on the morning of December 12, 1936 the Incident was impending. Zhang
Xueliang, together with Yang Hucheng ordered a squad of bodyguards to surround
the Huaqing Pool. They fought a fierce battle there, and wiped out Chiang??s
bodyguards in one vigorous effort. The sound of firing came to Chiang Kaishek,
and he was so terrified that he crept out of the window with his nightgown and
slippers only. What??s more, he hurt his spinal bone, and lost one of his
slippers while crossing over the back wall. He staggered up Lishan Mountain, and
hid himself behind a stone in the crevice halfway on it. Those brave soldiers
began to search the mountain immediately when they rushed into the
Five-Room
Pavilion to find that Chiang??s hat and clothes were still there and that his
quilt remained warm. In the end they found Chiang Kaishek, and thus escorted him
to Xi??an.
In order to avoid a civil war and try t establish a national united front for
the resistance against Japan, Mao Zedong on behalf of the C.C.P.C. insisted on a
peaceful settlement of the Incident. Therefore, a delegation headed by Zhou
Enlai was sent to Xi??an. Zhou Enlai and his suite did a large amount of work
there, took everything possible into consideration, and ultimately forced Chiang
Kaishek to accept the proposal by his two generals. On December 25, Chiang was
freed, and flew back to Nanjing. The Xi??an Incident was so peacefully settled.
The peaceful settlement of the Incident put an end to the internal war which had
lasted for ten years, and accelerated the formation and development of the
national united front for the anti-Japanese drive. Moreover, it showed that the
co-operative relationships between the Communist and Nationalists arrived at a
new stage. It marked a great turning point in modern Chinese history.
In the year of 1946 the KMT government had a ??National Rejuvenation Pavilion??
built near the crevice where Chiang Kaishek had hidden himself in the Incident.
It was also called ??Vital Energy Pavilion??. After the national liberation it was
renamed ??Catching Chiang Pavilion??. Close by the pavilion stands a wooden board
which carries a brief introduction to the Xi??an Incident. Iron chains and rings
in the crevices east of the pavilion, by which visitors can climb up to take a
look at Chiang Kaishek??s shelter.
Up the winding path east of the Five-Room-Pavilion you will catch sight of a
bridge-like construction. It shines regularly with a myriad of evening sun rays
both in summer and autumn, and looks very much like rainbow. So it has the name
of the Hovering Rainbow Bridge.
Located on the Xixiu Ridge (the West Embroidery Ridge) of the Lishan Mountain,
the remains of the beacon tower of the Western Zhou Dynasty sidentify.
The beacon tower was mostly built at the top of the mountain to give border
alarm in ancient times. It was constantly under special control. Once the
enemies were pressing on towards the border, the beacon tower began to take
effect: it was made to smoke in the daytime while set on fire at night.
The story goes that Bao Si, Queen of the Western Zhou dynasty was highly honored, yet she never cracked a smile. King You tried many ways to put a smile
on her face, but he failed over and over again. He ??called his court band to
toll bells and beat gongs??, and she pulled a long face. Then the band were asked
to ??play the bamboo flute and strings?? and she remained displeased. Afterwards,
??maids of honour served wine, festively singing and dancing,?? and she did not
let out a smile at all.
??You don??t like music! What on earth are you fond of??? the King asked.
??I nearly have a liking for nothing. But I can still well remember I liked to
give ear to the sound of tearing a piece of coloured silk when I was a child. It
was clear anf melodious,?? she replied. King You said in excitement, ??That is
very simple. How come you didn??t let me know it earlier???
Thus he ordered the officially appointed property manager to offer coloured
silk, and made fresh and energetic maids of honour to tear it into pieces. Hundreds of bolts of coloured silk were utterly torn, but Bao Si remained unmoved.
??Why didn??t you let out a single smile then??? he asked.
??I have never smiled so far, ?? the Queen replied.
The King tried over and over again, but failed repeatedly, and in the end he
gave orders, ??Anyone both in and out of court who can amuse Bao Si will be
awarded one thousand pieces of gold.??
Afterwards Guo Shifu, a treacherous court official came and offered advice: ??Set
the beacon tower on fire and fool your sovereign rulers.?? That night the King
and Queen reached the Lishan Mountain by carriage, and gave the order. In the
split second the flames of the fire lit up the sky ad the sovereign rulers moved
their troops immediately to the Lishan Mountain. There they found nothing but
that the King and Queen enjoyed drinking festively. The King then dispatched his
bodyguard to inform them that ??Everything should have been all right. I have
just been joking with you.?? When they got this, they looked at each other in
blank dismay, and left disappointed. Sure enough, Bao Si burst into laughter,
stroking her hands when she noticed all the troops come in vain and go noisily.
Accordingly, Guo Shifu got a prize of one thousand pieces of gold. Later on King
You did so more often than not. In 771 B.C. Quan Rong (a then minority tribe)
staged an armed rebellion against the Western Zhou Dynasty. King You ordered
urgently to set the beacon tower on fire, but all the sovereign rulers
remained
unmoved. Consequently King Yu was kilZhou dynasty vanished. Herein come the Chinese idiom ??A single smile costs one
thousand pieces of gold?? and ??The sovereign rulers are fooled by the beacon
fire.??
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Xi'an, once the capital of eleven Chinese dynasties, is famous throughout the
world for life-sized terra-cotta warriors and horses. They have won fame as one
of the greatest archaeological finds of this century. Back in 1974, while
digging a well to fight drought, some farmers from Lintong county, about thirty
kilometers east of Xi'an, unearthed some brown pottery fragments, which led to
the great discovery of the executed terra-cotta legions as an exterior section
of the mausoleum, of Qin Shi Huang or First Emperor of the Qin Dynasty (255-210B. C.)
Details of Qin Shi Huang's tomb can be traced in The Historical Records (compiled by Sima Qian) and legends about it have been widespread. However, for
technical reasons, the major part of the tomb remains unexcavated today with its
mound still standing 76 meters high against the slopes of Mt. Lishan and facing
the Huishui River.
After 20 years of careful excavation three underground vaults officially opened
to the public in 1979, 1989, and 1994 respectively, displaying thousands of
terra-cotta warriors, horses and chariots, all arranged in battle formations.
Vault 1, built with earth and timber, measures 210 meters long, 60 meters wide
and 4.6 to 6.5 meters high. In this area of 12, 600 square meters, six thousand
life-sized warriors and horses of terra-cotta were found in rectangular battle
formation. The troops were of a fairly uniform height of 1.8 meters. They wear
helmets and armor and carry real bows and arrows, swords, lances, javelins and
crossbows in their hands. Each chariot, made of wood, is drawn by a team of four
horses, 1. 5 meters in height. Three rows of infantrymen make up the vanguard of
the formation, and these are followed by the main body of the army, 38 rows of
troops. There are also flank columns and rearguards. The array breathes the
power of Qin Shi Huang's army.
Vault 2 is approximately one half vault I in size, housing nearly a thousand
pottery warriors. Compared with Vault 1, these warriors are of a larger variety
and arranged in more complex battle array. Unlike Vault 1, the war chariots and
infantrymen are arranged separately in four square formations which are linked
to one another in a polygon. Again, however, the warriors carry real weapons.
The projecting part of the polygon consists of archers, either standing or
kneeling, with crossbows or handbows and quivers and so appears to be the
vanguard of the phalanx.
The archers are followed by a unit of cavalrymen to the left and one of chariots
to the right, forming the two wings of the phalanx. Infantrymen and war chariots
bring up the rear. Each chariot drawn by four horses has1l driver and two
assistants,swords and crossbows, Indicating that they could engage in long-range battles,
short-range fighting and hand-to-hand combat. All the cavalrymen carry crossbows, a sign that shooting on horseback was a common practice in the army
at that time.
From among the chariots a robust and unusually tall figure at 1. 95 meters has
been unearthed. His armor is interlinked and overlapped with finer metal pieces
than that of the common soldiers, and he is believed to be a high-ranking commander of the 1egion.
Vault 3 is a modest building more resembling a gallery. It has 69 pottery warriors with defensive weapons and a wooden chariot pulled by four magnificent
horses. The structure of the gallery and the line-up of the soldiers suggest
that this was likely the headquarters of the troops of Vault 1 and 2.
However, the commander is missing. Many archaeologists believe that since the
underground army represents the emperor's garrison under his direct command, no
marshal was necessary.
Altogether ten thousand pieces of actual weaponry have been unearthed from the
three vaults, including arrow-heads, swords, spears and halberds. Two long-handled swords dug out recently are still sharp and gleaming despite their
burial for more than two thousand years. Some bronze arrow-heads from Vault 2
are 41 cm in length and 100 grams in weight. They are the biggest bronze weapons
excavated in China. Important to the study of Qin technology was the discovery
of bronze arrow-heads and swords treated with a preservative that has prevented
erosion for 22 centuries. Chemical analysis revealed the sword to have been cast
of an alloy of copper, tin and various other elements, including nickel, magnesium, and cobalt. The arrow-heads which contain 7.71 percent lead are
considered by archaeologists to be the world's most poisonous. Experts expect future discoveries to unearth even more amazing art treasures.
But they warn that it may require the efforts of one or two generations to
recover the entire tomb complex of Emperor Qin Shi Huang. The three vaults are well preserved in three modern constructions, each with an
arched dome and a corridor along the side of the vault so that visitors may
overlook the restored figures of warriors, horses and chariots in their original
formations. Vault 2 is equipped with devices for regulating temperature,
lighting and air humidity.
???e???osunnykuo - ??????í? ò??? 4-6 18:22
范文二：西安景点介绍英文作文
西安景点介绍英文作文
导语,西安是一个美丽的地方,那么用英文来表达它,应该怎么写,
接下来为大家介绍西安景点介绍英文作文文章,仅供参考，
西安景点介绍英文作文
Xi'an (Chinese:西安),is the capital of the Shanxi province in the People's Republic of China .As one of the oldest cities in Chinese history,Xi'an is one of the Four Great Ancient Capitals of China because it has been the capital of some of the most important dynasties in Chinese history,including the Zhou,Qin,Han,the Sui,and Tang dynasties.Xi'an is the eastern end of the Silk Road .The city has more than 3,100 years of history,and was known as Chang'an (traditional Chinese:长
安).
Long holidays are usual during Spring Festival,Labor Holiday (1-7 May),and National Holiday (1-7 October).The number of travellers is often greater during Summer (May-August),although the most pleasant season for visiting Xi'an is Autumn.
译文,
西安(英文,西安),是在中华人民共和国的山西省的省会,是中
国历史上的一个古老的城市,西安是四大古都中国因为它已经在一些
中国历史上最重要的朝代的首都,包括周,秦,汉族,隋、唐时期,
西安是丝绸之路的东端。这个城市有3100多年的历史,被称为长安
(繁体中文,长安)。
长假通常在春节、劳动节(1-7月)和国定假日(1-7十月),夏季(八
月八日)的游客人数往往比较多,虽然秋季游览西安最愉快的季节是
秋天。
西安景点介绍英文作文
Some of the most well-known sites in Xi'an are:The city is surrounded by a well-preserved City wall of Xi'an which was re-constructed in the 14th century during the early Ming Dynasty and was based on the inner imperial palace of Tang Dynasty.The Mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang and his Terracotta Army are located 40 km to the east of the city centre,in the city's suburbs.The Bell Tower and Drum Tower,both are located at the city's central axis.The city's Muslim quarter,which is home to the Great Mosque of Xi'an.The Giant Wild Goose Pagoda and Small Wild Goose Pagoda are both spectacular towers and both are well over 1,000 years old and have survived great earthquakes.The former is next to a large square with the largest fountain in Asia which projects water high into the air,rising and falling in time to music during one of the daily performances (usually at noon and soon after sunset).They protected Buddhist
writings in the past.The Stele Forest is famous for its numerous historic inscriptions and stoneworksThe Famen Temple and its towering pagoda located on the city's outskirtXi Ming TempleWolong Temple at Kaitong laneXingjiao Temple at Shaolin Yuan (where Xuanzang's Tomb lies)Jianfu TempleBlue Dragon TempleWangji TempleThe Banpo Neolithic village is located on the outskirt of the city properThe Qianling Mausoleum,one of the many Tang Dynasty era tombs located in Xi'anThe Shaanxi History Museum has a large collection of artifacts both modern and ancient.Mount Hua is one of the most visited and steepest mountains in the countryMount Zhongnan (终
南山)Mount TaibaiMount LiHuaqing Hot Springs (华清池),at the foot
of Mt.Lishan,have a history of 6,000 years,the adjacent Huaqing Palace has a history of 3,000 years.Ranked among the Hundred Famous Gardens in China,it also has the status as a National Cultural Relic Protection Unit and a National Key Scenic Area.
译文,
在西安的一些最著名的景点有,城市周围有一个保存完好的城墙,
重新构建了西安在第十四世纪的明朝初期,是根据唐代皇宫内。秦世
皇和他的兵马俑陵墓所在地40公里,到城市的中心东,在城市的郊
区。钟鼓楼,都位于城市的中轴线,城市的穆斯林区,这家以西安大
雁塔,小雁塔大清真寺都是壮观的塔都是超过1000岁,幸存下来的
大地震。前者是一个在亚洲,P最大的喷泉大广场工程水高到空气中,上升和下降时间音乐过程中的一个片断(通常在正午和日落后)。他们保护佛教著作在过去。碑林以其众多的历史碑刻和stoneworksthe法门寺和巍峨的宝塔坐落在城市的outskirtxi明templewolong寺在开通lanexingjiao寺少林元(宣臧的墓所在)templeblue龙福寺templewangji半坡是位于城市郊区适当的Qianling Mausoleum,其中的许多唐代墓葬位于西安陕西历史博物馆收藏了大量的文物,现代和古代的Mount Hua就是其中的一个。最常访问和陡山在countrymount中南(终南山)安装taibaimount lihuaqing温泉(华清池),在山的山脚下,有6000年的历史,毗邻华清宫已有3000多年的历史,位列中国百著名园林中,也有作为国家文物保护单位和国家重点风景名胜区的地位。
[西安景点介绍英文作文]
范文三：用英文介绍西安
Brief introduction, Sightseeing spots, Local produce, Famous restaurants, Tourist souvenirs
Xi'an, the eternal city, records the great changes of the Chinese nation just like a living history book. Called Chang'an in ancient times, Xi'an is one of the birthplaces of the ancient civilization in the Yellow River Basin area of the country. During Xi'an's 3,100 year development, 13 dynasties such as Western Zhou (11th century BC - 771 BC), Qin (221 BC - 206 BC), Western Han (206 BC - 24 AD) and Tang (618 - 907) placed their capitals here. So far, Xi'an enjoys equal fame with Athens, Cairo, and Rome as one of the four major ancient civilization capitals.
Xi'an is the capital of Shaanxi province, located in the southern part of the Guanzhong Plain. With the Qinling Mountains to the south and the Weihe River to the north, it is in a favorable geographical location surrounded by water and hills. It has a semi-moist monsoon climate （季风气候）and there is a clear distinction between the four seasons. Except the colder winter, any season is relatively suitable for traveling.
The cultural and historical significance of the area, as well as the abundant relics and sites, help Xi'an enjoy the laudatory（赞美的，赞赏的） title of 'Natural History Museum'. The Museum of Terra Cotta Warriors and Horses is praised as 'the eighth major miracle of the world', Mausoleum of Emperor Qin Shi Huang is listed on the World Heritage List, and the City Wall of the Ming Dynasty (1368 - 1644) is the largest and most intact Ming Dynasty castle in the world. In the
city, there is the 3,000 year old Banpo Village Remains from the Neolithic Age (approximately from 8000 BC to 5000 BC), and the Forest of Stone Steles that holds 3,000 stone steles of different periods from the Han Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty.
Around Xi'an, the Famen Temple enjoys the reputation of being the 'forefather of pagodas and temples in Central Shaanxi,' because it holds the finger bones of Sakyamuni -- the founder of Buddhism. The natural landscape around Xi'an is also marvelous. Mt.Hua, one of the five best-known mountains in China, is famous for its breath-taking cliffs and its unique characteristics.
Traditional downtown Xi'an refers to the area encircled by the city wall, and this has now been expanded to encompass the area within the second ring road (Er' huan Lu). The Bell Tower is the geographical center of Xi'an and the four main streets are respectively Dong Dajie, Xi Dajie, Nan Dajie and Bei Dajie which are also the main commercial streets. Xiao Zhai, the busiest commercial area is in the southern part of the city and is popular with both youths and students since many universities are located here. Shuyuan Men and the still under-construction Luoma Shi are must-visit pedestrian streets in the city.
Xi'an is also famous for its quantity of colleges throughout China. The old campuses of many colleges and universities are massed in the southern suburb of Xi'an, but most have established new campuses in far southern suburb - Chang'an District due to the lack of space within the city. If you are interested in
campus-sightseeing, you can take the bus there, where Xi'an International Studies University, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an Politics and Law University, Xi'an Post and Telecommunication University, Xidian University, and Xi'an Polytechnics University etc are located.
As tourist development grows in Xi'an, the hotel industry flourishes more and more. It is very easy to find a hotel in Xi'an, ranging from 5 star hotels to youth hostels(宿舍; 客栈; 旅店). Of course, it will be any traveler's first choice to stay in the city center due to the superior geographical location and the convenient transportation.
Praised as 'the capital of table delicacies', Xi'an has been rich in the delicious Shaanxi snack, delicate Guangdong Cuisine, various kinds of fashionable foreign delicacies, and popular Sichuan Cuisine such as the hot pot. Among all the delicacies, the most famous and popular one is the Muslim Snack Street.
Xi'an is the most important city in northwest China, and so there are a lot of shopping outlets for locals and tourists alike. There are many big shopping centers, department stores and supermarkets in and around Xi'an city - the biggest and most comprehensive being Kai Yuan Shopping Mall and Century Ginwa Shopping Mall.
The night life in Xi'an has a unique glamour. Traditional ways include enjoying the night scenery around the Bell Tower, taking part in a Tang Dynasty
Dinner Show, strolling on the ancient Big Wild Goose Pagoda Square and watching the music fountain performance. More modern and fashionable ways include singing in the KTV, hanging out in a bar, or dancing in a Disco. All in all, any experience in this ancient city will bring you fun and possibly a little surprise!
范文四：用英文介绍西安
用英文介绍西安Xi'an, the eternal （永恒的） city, records the great changes ofthe
Chinese nation just like a living history book, Called Chang'an in ancient times.Xian is one of the birthplaces of the ancient civilization in the YellowRiver Basin area of the country. During Xi'an's 3,100 year development, 13 dynasties such as WesternZhou (11th century BC - 771 BC), Qin (221 BC - 206 BC), Western Han (206 BC - 24 AD) and Tang (618 - 907) placed their capitals here. So far, Xi'an enjoys equal fame with Athens, Cairo, and Rome as one ofthe four major ancient civilization capitals.Xi'an is the capital of Shaanxi province, located in the southern part of the Guanzhong Plain. With the Qinling Mountains to the south and the Weihe River to the north, it is in a favorable geographical location surrounded by water and hills. It has a semi-moist monsoon climate and there is a clear distinction between the four seasons. Except the colder winter, any season is relatively suitable for traveling.The cultural and historical significance of the area, as well as the abundant relics and sites(遗迹),help Xi'an enjoy the laudatory title(美称) of 'Natural History Museum'. The Museum of Terra Cotta Warriors and Horses(兵马俑) is praised as 'the eighth major miracle of the world', Mausoleum (陵墓)of Emperor Qin Shi Huang is listed on the World Heritage List(世界遗产名录) , and the City Wall of the Ming Dynasty (1368 - 1644) is the largest and most intact(完整的) Ming Dynasty castle in the world. In the city, there is the 3,000 year old Banpo Village Remains from the Neolithic Age (新石器时代）
(approximately from 8000 BC to 5000 BC), and the Forest of Stone Steles (碑林)that holds 3,000 stone steles of different periods from the Han Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty.Around Xi'an, the Famen Temple enjoys the reputation of being the
'forefather of pagodas and temples in Central Shaanxi,' because it holds the finger bones of Sakyamuni -- the founder of Buddhism. The natural landscape （自然风光)around Xi'an is also marvelous(极妙的，不可思议的). Mt.Huashan ,one of the five best-known mountains in China, is famous for its breath-taking (令人吃惊
的)cliffs(悬崖) and its unique characteristics.Traditional downtown Xi'an refers to the area encircled (环绕)by the city wall, this has now been expanded to
encompass(围绕) the area within the second ring road (Er' huan Lu). The Bell Tower is the geographical center of Xi'an and the four main streets are respectively (分别地)Dong Dajie, Xi Dajie, Nan Dajie and Bei Dajie which are also the main commercial streets. Xiao Zhai, the busiest commercial area is in the southern part of the city and is popular with both youths and students since many universities are located here. Shuyuan Men and the still under construction Luoma Shi are must-visit pedestrian (步行的)streets in the city. Xi'an is also famous for its quantity of colleges throughout China. The old campuses of many colleges and universities are massed in the southern suburb of Xi'an, but most have established new campuses in far southern suburb - Chang'an District due to the lack of space within the city.
As tourist development grows in Xi'an, the hotel industry flourishes(茂盛，繁荣) more and more. It is very easy to find a hotel in Xi'an, ranging from 5 star hotels to youth hostels. Of course, it will be any traveler's first choice to stay in the city center due to the superior geographical location and the convenient transportation.
Praised as 'the capital of table delicacies', Xi'an has been rich in the delicious Shaanxi snack(小吃), delicate Guangdong Cuisine, various kinds of fashionable foreign delicacies, and popular Sichuan Cuisine such as the hot pot. Among all the delicacies, the most famous and popular one is the Muslim Snack Street.
Xi'an is the most important city in northwest China, and so there are a lot of shopping outlets for locals and tourists alike. There are many big shopping centers,
department stores and supermarkets in and around Xi'an city - the biggest and most comprehensive being Kai Yuan Shopping Mall and Century Ginwa Shopping Mall.
The night life in Xi'an has a unique glamour(魅力). Traditional ways include enjoying the night scenery around the Bell Tower, taking part in a Tang Dynasty Dinner Show, strolling on the ancient Big Wild Goose Pagoda Square and watching the music fountain performance. More modern and fashionable ways include singing in the KTV, hanging out in a bar, or dancing in a Disco. All in all, any experience in this ancient city will bring you fun and possibly a little surprise!
范文五：西安旅游景点的英文介绍 2013
Xian Travel Guide
Xian, the eternal city, records the great changes of the Chinese nation just like a living history book. Called Chang'an in ancient times, Xian is one of the birthplaces of the ancient civilization in the Yellow River Basin area of the country. During Xian's 3,100 year development, 13 dynasties such as Western Zhou (11th century BC - 771 BC), Qin (221 BC - 206 BC), Western Han (206 BC - 24 AD) and Tang (618 - 907) placed their capitals here. So far, Xian enjoys equal fame with Athens, Cairo, and Rome as one of the four major ancient civilization capitals.
Xian is the capital of Shaanxi province, located in the southern part of the Guanzhong Plain. With the Qinling Mountains to the south and the Weihe River to the north, it is in a favorable geographical location surrounded by water and hills. It has a semi-moist monsoon climate and there is a clear distinction between the four seasons. Except the colder winter, any season is relatively suitable for traveling.
The cultural and historical significance of Xian, as well as the abundant relics and sites, help Shaanxi enjoy the laudatory title of 'Natural History Museum'. The Museum of Terra Cotta Warriors and Horses is praised as 'the eighth major miracle of the world', Mausoleum of Emperor Qin Shi Huang is listed on the World Heritage List, and the City Wall of the Ming Dynasty (1368 - 1644) is the largest and most intact Ming Dynasty castle in the world. In the city, there is the 3,000 years old Banpo Village
Remains from the Neolithic Age (approximately from 8000 BC to 5000 BC), and the Forest of Stone Steles that holds 3,000 stone steles of different periods from the Han Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty. Around Xian, the Famen Temple enjoys the reputation of being the 'forefather of pagodas and temples in Central Shaanxi,' because it holds the finger bones of
Sakyamuni -- the founder of Buddhism. The natural landscape around Xian is also marvelous Mt.Huashan one of the five best-known mountains in China, is famous for its breath-taking cliffs and its unique characteristics.
Traditional downtown Xian refers to the area encircled by the city wall, this has now been expanded to encompass the area within the second ring road (Er' huan Lu). The Bell Tower is the geographical center of Xian and the four main streets are respectively Dong Dajie, Xi Dajie, Nan Dajie and Bei Dajie which are also the main commercial streets. Xiao Zhai, the busiest commercial area is in the southern part of the city and is popular with both youths and students since many universities are located here. Shuyuan Men and the still under construction Luoma Shi are must-visit pedestrian streets in the city. Xian is also famous for its quantity of colleges throughout China. The old campuses of many colleges and
universities are massed in the southern suburb of Xian, but most have established new campuses in far southern suburb - Chang'an District due to the lack of space within the city.
As tourist development grows in Xian, the hotel industry flourishes more and more. It is very easy to find a hotel in Xian, ranging from 5 star hotels to youth hostels. Of course, it will be any traveler's first choice to stay in the city center due to the superior geographical location and the convenient transportation.
Praised as 'the capital of table delicacies', Xian has been rich in the delicious Shaanxi snack, delicate Guangdong Cuisine, various kinds of fashionable foreign delicacies, and popular Sichuan Cuisine such as the hot pot. Among all the delicacies, the most famous and popular one is the Muslim Snack Street.
Xian is the most important city in northwest China, and so there are
a lot of shopping outlets for locals and tourists alike. There are many big shopping centers, department stores and supermarkets in and around Xian city - the biggest and most comprehensive being Kai Yuan Shopping Mall and Century Ginwa Shopping Mall.
The night life in Xian has a unique glamour. Traditional ways include enjoying the night scenery around the Bell Tower, taking part in a Tang Dynasty Dinner Show, strolling on the ancient Big Wild Goose Pagoda Square and watching the music fountain performance. More modern and fashionable ways include singing in the KTV, hanging out in a bar, or dancing in a Disco. All in all, any experience in this ancient city will bring you fun and possibly a little surprise!
History of Xi'an
It is no exaggeration that Xian is the first choice if you are willing to find the longest history of China. This region is one of the vital birthplaces of the profound Chinese civilization. Benefiting from the fertile land and comfortable climate in ancient time, the rulers of 13 dynasties have set up their capitals in Xian successively. Thus, Xian is one of the cities which preserve a wealth of historical heritages in China.
Prehistory
The Lantian Man, which was found in Lantian County of Xian, has inhabited in this land about 800,000 years ago. The founded skulls fossils is said to be the earliest and best preserved ones in China until now. Coming to 300,000-400,000 years ago, the primitive people around Xian have turned into the stage of primitive clan communes gradually. The base of this region’s agricultural production should be started when the Banpo Man made living here about 6,000 years ago. They have settled down in the eastern suburban of Xian City, setting up the Matriarchal clan villages.
In the Slave Society
The slave society of China mainly refers to the periods of the Xia (21st-16th century BC), Shang (16th-11th century BC), Western Zhou (11th century BC-771BC) as well as Spring and Autumn Peroid (770 BC-476). During this long history, more and more nations have immigrated to the Guanzhong Plain the center of which is just current Xian. Therefore, both of this region's economy and political system has gained rapid development. Until to the Western Zhou Dynasty, the Wenwang have moved the capital-Fengjing to the west bank of the Fenghe River nearby Xian. It played as the dynasty's religious and cultural center. Later, his heir Wuwang built the political center on the east bank of the Fenghe River, namely, Haojing. This should
be the first recorded dynasty founded the capital in Xian City.
In the Warring State Period (476BC-221BC) and the Qin Dynasty (221 BC-206 BC)
Coming to the end of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, namely, the Warring States Period, there mainly distributed seven powerful states in China. Qin, one of the seven states, was located in the center of Shaanxi Province and east Gansu Province. Later, Ying Zheng, Emperor Qin Shi Huang, set up the first feudal dynasty in Xianyang (consists of current Xian and Xianyang cites) after unifying the other six states. Although this dynasty fallen soon, a great number of historical relics were left, for example, the so famous Terra-cotta Warriors and Horses. Until now, some traditions and cuisines from the Qin Dynasty are still kept by the Xian locals.
In the Han Dynasty (206 BC-220)
The Western Han Dynasty (206 BC-24AD), which is the third dynasty setting up its capital in Xian, constructed its capital -Chang'an on the relics of the Qin's Xianyang. Once, Chang'an City was the largest one in the world, covering an area of about 36 square kilometers (13.9 square miles). Now, the site of the Weiyang Palace is preserved well in Xian. The famous 'Silk Road' which starts from the Chang'an City appeared during the period of Wudi, opening the communication between China and overseas countries. On the other hand, the emperors carried out a series of policies to help the rehabilitation of the people. The Chang'an became a thriving city both in economy and polity in the world wide.
In the Sui (581-618) and Tang (618-907) Dynasties
At the found of the Sui Dynasty, the Han's Chang'an City has been destroyed seriously owing to long years of wars from 220 to 589. Therefore, the emperor built a new city just to southeast of the old Chang'an City, called Daxing City. After the Tang Dynasty overthrew the Sui and captured the Daxing City, the first emperor of Tang renamed the city as Chang'an City again. Later, some subsequent construct and renovation projects were taken. In the early period of Emperor Taizong, the Daming Palace was constructed, which was the political center of the whole dynasty later. There is no doubt that Tang should be the most prosperous dynasty in Chinese history. Thus, as the center, Chang'an was one of the largest economical, political and cultural centers in the world at that time. Most overseas travelers and businessmen came to Chang'an, enjoying the city's gloss.
On the other hand, the Buddhism also expanded rapidly in Chang'an with
the support of the governors. Now, the existing Big Wild Goose Pagoda should be the outstanding representation of the Buddhist building in Xian. Additionally, the prosperous and peaceful city attracts a great number of artist and poets, inspiring them to create so many masterpieces throughout the ages. In fact, the Tang culture has influenced this region deeply, spanning from architectural style to food, even to the city's soul.
In the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644)
From the end of the Tang Dynasty, the Chang'an City has lost its top position gradually; however, it was still one of the vital prefectures in the later dynasties. In 1369 of the Ming Dynasty, Xian gained its current name officially. From the next year, the current Xian City Wall has been constructed.
The Summary of the Modern History
October 22, 1911---the local revolutionists pulled down the
governance of the Qing Dynasty in Xian.
1925---the national army led by Dr. Sun Yat-sun overthrew the reactionary warlord in Xian.
1927---some members of the Chinese Communist Party launched a military school in Xian, training a number of revolutionists.
December 12, 1936---Zhang Xueliang and Yang Hucheng captured the Generalissimo Chiang Kai Shek by initiating a military exhortation, namely, the Xian Incident. The incident spurred the Kuomintang to unify the Communist for resisting the Japanese invaders.
May 20, 1949---Xian City was liberated by the Chinese People's Liberation Army.
May 25, 1949—The People's Government of Xian City was launched. Attractions in Xi'an
The continuous history of Xian has apparently resulted in its
magnificent culture. Today's Xian is a world famous tourist city and an inexhaustible treasure house of cultural relics. Now heads of state from many countries and people from all walks of life come to the city to broaden their knowledge of Chinese civilization.
Foremost is the China's greatest archeological excavation, the Terra Cotta Warriors and Horses . Life size terracotta figures of warriors and horses arranged in battle formations symbolically guard the Mausoleum of Emperor Qin Shi Huang , the first emperor of the Qin Dynasty (246-209B.C). The State Council authorized the building of a museum on the site in 1975 for the protection of the discovery. So far, altogether over 7,000 pottery soldiers, horses, chariots, and even weapons have been unearthed and displayed in the museum. It is cited as the 'Eighth Wonder of the World' and was listed by UNESCO in 1987 as one of the world cultural heritages.
Spending some time at the Huaqing Hot Springs on the way back from the Terra Cotta Army site is a must for every visitor to Xian. For centuries emperors came here to bathe and enjoy the scenic beauty, and it has been a favorite spa since the Tang Dynasty (618-907 A.D). The palace complex has also been the scene of political intrigue, so there is plenty of interest to discover during your visit.
Covering an area of about 100,000 square meters, the Banpo Village Remains was a village settlement of the earliest inhabitants of Xian, typical of the Neolithic Yangshao culture. At this site, archaeologists have discovered nearly 10,000 production tools and daily utensils of various kinds and the remains of 45 houses, 200 cellars, 6 pottery kilns, 174 adults' burial pits and 73 children's burial jars.
Every Ming city (1368-1644) had a bell tower and a drum tower. The bell was sounded at dawn and the drum at dusk. The two buildings at Xian are the best known in China. The Bell Tower was built in the city center and from the top can enjoy a panoramic view of the whole of Xian. Not far away to the west is the Drum Tower , a large drum inside was for marking the passage of time each night in ancient times. Now, they are outstanding examples of the ancient architecture of Xian.
Housing more than 2,300 famous steles and inscribed memorial tablets of the Han, Wei, Sui, Tang, Yuan, Ming, Qing dynasties and known as the largest 'stone-book warehouse’ in China, the Forest of Stone Steles in Xian is a treasure house of calligraphic art. It is situated on Sanxue Jie, near the south gate of the Xian City Wall . The City Wall in Xian is the most complete city wall to survive in China, as well being one of the largest ancient military defensive systems in the world. It was built first in the early Ming Dynasty (1368-1644) and renovated in recent years. Outside the city wall is a moat. A circular park has now been built along the high wall and the deep moat.
Xian is the capital city of the prosperous Tang Dynasty (618-907). Many visitors come here in the hope of experiencing the glorious Tang culture. "Back to Tang Dynasty" is what echoes in their minds. Tang Paradise , opened in 2005, is the biggest Tang culture theme park which is praised as "Garden of History", "Garden of Nature" and "Garden of Human Culture". Tang Dynasty Music and Dance Show , by presenting an outstanding performance of Tang’s dance and music, explains to visitors the splendid culture and living style of that remote dynasty. These are the two sites recommended to you to have a glance at Tang Dynasty.
If you are interested in archaeology, you can visit the Mausoleum of Western Han Emperor Liu Qi (Hanyangling), the joint tomb of Liu Qi, a notable emperor in Western Han Dynasty (206 BC-220AD), and his empress, Empress Wang. Qian Mausoleum (Qian Ling), the joint mausoleum of Emperor Gaozong and his empress Wu Zetian, the only woman ruler in Chinese history. Also Western Zhou Chariot Burial Pit, a right place to understand ancient Chinese burial system.
The natural scenery in and around Xian is also worth mentioning. Mt. Huashan, one of the five sacred mountains in China, is famous for precipitous crags, narrow and steep mountain paths. Taibai Mountain National Forest Park is noted for picturesque mountainous scenery, lively hot spring and profound cultural relics.
Xian has many temples. Ba Xian An Monastery (Temple of the Eight Immortals) is an important and popular spot celebrating Taoism; Daxingshan Temple is one of the oldest Buddhist temples in China; Green Dragon Temple (Qinglong Temple) is a notable Buddhist temple built in Tang Dynasty (618-907)…
Moslem Street (Huimin Jie) is an old street paved with bluestone plate, both sides of which stand a row of muslin restaurants decorated in Ming (1368-1644) and Qing (1644-1911) Dynasties’ styles. This is the right place to taste Xian snacks, and maybe you can have a chance to Visit A Local Family to experience locals’ life on the street. Another street you’d better not miss is Shuyuan (Academy of Classical Learning) Gate which is a cultural street also designed in ancient architectural style. Strolling on this street, you can buy many articles unique to China, such as the four treasures of study, calligraphic works and paintings like Peasant Painting, Huxian County
.
Additional attractions are the Big Wild Goose Pagoda and Small Wild Goose Pagoda of the Tang Dynasty (618-907 A.D), while worshipers still frequent the Great Mosque and the famous Famen Temple noted for its collection of Sakyamuni's relics. Xian Museum is the treasure house of 130,000 precious cultural relics belonging to several dynasties. These together with the magnificent Shaanxi History Museum are all highly recommended attractions to be visited when you come to Xian. Qinling Zoological Park provides visitors with a fresh and free environment to watch animals. Moreover, a unique type of dwelling Farmers' Caves, exists mainly in northern part of Shaanxi Province, is also worth visiting.
Related links: Hancheng : About 143 miles away from Xian, it is a small city famed as the "Land of Literature and History". Among its numerous historical and cultural relics, Sima Qian Temple, Dang Village and the Confucius Temple are the most appealing scenery for a visit. Xianyang : About nineteen miles northwest of Xian, it is an ancient city known to the world as the capital of Qin Dynasty. Its suburbs are scattered widely with mausoleums of emperors and royal families of several dynasties, of which Maoling Mausoleum, Tomb of Crown Prince Yide, Tomb of Crown Prince Zhanghuai and Zhaoling Mausoleum are worth visiting.
Big Wild Goose Pagoda
As the symbol of the old-line Xian, Big Wild Goose Pagoda is a well-preserved ancient building and a holy place for Buddhists. It is located in the southern suburb of Xian City, about 4 kilometers (2.49 miles) from the downtown of the city. Standing in the Da Ci'en Temple complex, it attracts numerous visitors for its fame in the Buddhist religion, its simple but appealing style of construction, and its new square in front of the temple. It is rated
as a National Key Cultural Relic Preserve as well as an AAAA Tourist Attraction.
This attraction can be divided into three parts: the Big Wild Goose Pagoda, the Da Ci'en Temple, and the North Square of Big Wild Goose Pagoda.
Big Wild Goose Pagoda
Originally built in 652 during the reign of Emperor Gaozong of the Tang Dynasty (618-907), it functioned to collect Buddhist materials that were taken from India by the hierarch Xuanzang.
Xuanzang started off from Chang'an (the ancient Xian), along the Silk Road and through deserts, finally arriving in India, the cradle of Buddhism. Enduring 17 years and traversing 100 countries, he obtained Buddha figures, 657 kinds of sutras, and several Buddha relics. Having gotten the permission of Emperor Gaozong (628-683), Xuanzang, as the first abbot of Da Ci'en Temple, supervised the building of a pagoda inside it. With the support of royalty, he asked 50 hierarchs into the temple to translate Sanskrit in sutras into Chinese, totaling 1,335 volumes, which heralded a new era in the history of translation. Based on the journey to India, he also wrote a book entitled 'Pilgrimage to the West' in the Tang Dynasty, to
which scholars attached great importance.
First built to a height of 60 meters (197 feet) with five stories, it is now 64.5 meters (211.6 feet) high with an additional two stories. It was said that after that addition came the saying-'Saving a life exceeds building a seven-storied pagoda'. Externally it looks like a square cone, simple but grand and it is a masterpiece of Buddhist construction. Built of brick, its structure is very firm. Inside the pagoda, stairs twist up so that visitors can climb and overlook the panorama of Xian City from the arch-shaped doors on four sides of each storey. On the walls are engraved fine statues of Buddha by the renowned artist Yan Liben of the Tang Dynasty. Steles by noted calligraphers also grace the pagoda.
As for the reason why it is called Big Wild Goose Pagoda, there is a legend. According to ancient stories of Buddhists, there were two branches, for one of which eating meat was not a taboo. One day, they couldn't find meat to buy. Upon seeing a group of big wild geese flying by, a monk said to himself: 'Today we have no meat. I hope the merciful Bodhisattva will give us some.' At that very moment, the leading wild goose broke its wings and fell to the ground. All the monks were startled and believed that Bodhisattva showed his spirit to order them to be more pious. They established a pagoda where the wild goose fell and stopped
eating meat. Hence it got the name 'Big Wild Goose Pagoda'.
Da Ci'en Temple
Da Ci'en Temple is the home of Big Wild Goose Pagoda. In 648, to commemorate the dead virtuous queen, royalty ordered the building of a temple named 'Ci'en' (Mercy and Kindness), for which the status and scale far exceeded all others. Today, with an area of 32,314 square meters (38,648.5 square yards), one seventh of the original area, it still retains its grandeur.
Before the temple, there stands a statue of hierarch Xuanzang, the meritorious hierarch. Walking on and across a small bridge, visitors will see the gates of the temple. With guarding lions, the temple seems stately for lions were said to function as talismans.
Entering the temple you will see two buildings-Bell Tower in the east and Drum Tower in the west. Inside the Bell Tower hangs an iron bell 15 tons (14.76 gross tons) in weight. It was molded in 1548 in the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644). Along the central axis are arranged the Hall of Mahavira, Sermon Hall, Big Wild Goose Pagoda, and the Hall of Xuanzang Sanzang. In the Hall of Mahavira are three carved statues of Sakyamuni, and 18 arhats as well as Xuanzang. The Sermon Hall is where Buddhist disciples would listen to a sermon. A bronze statue of Amitabha is dedicated and a Buddha statue is collected by Xuanzang as oblation. The Hall of Xuanzang Sanzang is north of Big Wild Goose Pagoda. In this hall are Xuanzang's relic and a bronze statue of a seated Xuanzang. The inner wall is chiseled with murals depicting this hierarch's story. Renowned as the contemporary Dunhuang Buddhist storehouse
praised by UNESCO, it is the biggest memorial of Xuanzang.
North Square of Big Wild Goose Pagoda
Surrounding Big Wild Goose Pagoda, the scenery is also quite charming, especially the
square north of the Da Ci'en Temple. Covering about 110,000 square meters (131563 square yards) plus 20,000 square meters (23920.6 square yards) of water area, it holds many records: in Asia, it is the biggest Tang-culture square, the biggest fountain and waterscape square, and the largest-scale sculptures area. In the world, it has the most benches, the longest light-belt, and the largest-scale acoustic complex.
The entire square is composed of waterscape fountains, a cultural square, gardens and tourist paths. There you can taste real Chinese culture and traditions and fully enjoy the truly attractive views. With reliefs on the theme of the prosperous Tang Dynasty,
200-meter-long (656-foot-long) sculpture groups, 8 groups of sculpted figures, 40 relievos on the land, and 22 styles of musical fountains, it has become a must-see when you visit Big Wild Goose Pagoda.
大雁塔 Great Wild Goose Pagoda
小雁塔 Small Wild Goose Pagoda
秦始皇兵马俑博物馆
Museum of Emperor Qinshihuang’s Tomb Figures of Soldiers and Horses
秦始皇陵 The Tomb of Emperor Qinshihuang
黄帝陵 The Huangdi Tomb
鼓 楼 The Drum Tower
钟 楼 The Bell Tower
西安城墙 The Xi’an Circumvallation
华清池 The Huaqing Pond
乾 陵 The Qian Tomb
法门寺 The Famen Temple
黄河壶口瀑布 The Huanghe Hukou Waterfall
大唐芙蓉园 Lotus palace of Tang Dynasty
