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范文一：高中英语语法
英语单词常见词根总结
ag，act 做，驱动 agent代理人 active活动的，积极的
agr 农田 agriculture农业 agrarian田地的
am 爱，亲爱 amicable友善的 amiable和蔼可亲的
anim 心灵，精神，生命 animal动物 animate有生命的
ann，enn 年 annual一年的 centennial一世纪的
astro 星 astronomy天文学 astronaut宇宙航行员
audi 听 audience听众 audible听得见的
bell 战争 rebellion反叛，反抗 bellicose好战的
bio 生命，生物 biology生物学 antibiotic抗生的，抗生素
brev 短 brevity 简短 abbreviate缩短，节略
cred 相信 credibility可信 credit信任
cur，cours 跑 ccurrence出现，发生 current流通的
cycl 圆，环 bicycle自行车 cyclone旋风
di 日 diary日记 diarist记日记者
dict 说 predict预言 indicate表示
duc，duct 引导 conduct指导 induce引诱
ed 吃 edible可吃的 edacity贪吃
fact 做，制 factory工厂 manufacture制造，加工
fer 带，拿 transfer转移 ferry渡船
flu 流 fluent流利的 influenza流行性感冒
form 形式，外形 transform改变 formula公式
fract，frag破，折 fraction碎片 fragile易碎的
fus 倾，注，溶化 fusion熔解 effuse泻出
gen 起源 generate使产生 genetic遗传的
geo 地球，土地 geography地理 geology地质学
grad 步，走，级 gradual逐步的 graduate毕业
gram 写，记录 diagram图表 program节目单，方案
graph 写，画，记录 photograph照像 autograph亲笔，手稿
gress 行走 progress进步 retrogress后退
hap 机会，运气，偶发 happen发生 mishap灾祸
hospit 客人 hospital医院 hospitable好客的，殷勤的
insul 岛 peninsula半岛 insulation隔绝，孤立
hydra 水 hydraulic水利的 hydrant消防栓
ject 投，掷，抛 eject射出 project投射
junct 连接，结合 conjunction连接词 adjunct附属物
lect，leg，lig 挑选，采集 lect 选举 selection选举 eligible合格的，合适的
lev 举，升 elevator电梯 lever杠杆
liber 自由 liberate解放 liberalist自由主义的
lingu 语言 linguist语言学家 bilingual两种语言的
liter 文字，字母 literate识字的 literature文学
loc 地方 local当地的 locate使座落于
log 词，语言，讲演 dialogue对话 logic逻辑
loqu 说话 eloquent雄辩的 colloquial口语的，会话的
manu 手 manuscript手稿 manual手的，用手的
medi 中间 medium中等的 mediation居中调解
memor 记忆，记住的 memory记忆 memorial纪念日，纪念物
milit 兵 military军事的 militant战斗性的
min 少，小 inority少数 diminish减少，减小
mob，mot，mov 移动 mobile活动的 motion运动 immovable不可移动的
mort 死亡 mortal终有一死的 mortician承办殡葬的人
nov 新 novel小说 novelty新奇
numer 数 numeral数字的 numerous为数众多的
oper 工作 operate操作 co?operate合作
opt 视线，光线 optic视力的 optics光学
path 感情，苦楚，疾病 sympathy同情 pathetic可怜的
pel 推，逐，驱 expel驱逐 repel击退，反击，抵抗
pend，pen 悬挂 depend依靠 pendent悬空的
phon 声音 microphone扩音器 telephone电话
plen 满，全 plenty充足，大量 plentitude丰富，充足
pon，pos 放置 postpone推迟 position位置
sens，sent 感觉 sensation感觉 sentiment感情
sol 太阳 solar太阳的 parasol阳伞
spec 看 spectacle光景，景象 prospect展望
spir 呼吸，生命 conspire共谋 inspire吸气，鼓舞
tact，tang，tag 接触 intact未接触的 tangible可接触的
tail 切，割 tailor裁缝 retail零售
tain，ten，tin 保持，握，容纳 contain容纳 obtain取得，sustain支持
tect 掩，盖 detect侦察 发觉，detective侦探的
tele 远 telescope望远镜 telegram电报
tend，tens，tent 伸 extend伸开，扩展 extensive广阔的
范文二：英语语法高中
1)AAA型（动词原形、过去式、过去分词同形）
cost（花费） cut（割）
hit（打） hurt 伤害） hurt hurt let（让） let let put（放） put put
read （读） read read
(2) AAB型（动词原形与过去式同形）
beat（跳动） beat beaten
(3) ABA型（动词原形与过去分词同形）
become（变成） became become come（来） came come
run（跑） ran run
(4) ABB型（过去式与过去分词同形）
dig（挖） dug dug get（得到） got got
hang（吊死） hanged hanged hang（悬挂） hung hung
hold（抓住） held held shine（照耀） shone shone
sit（坐） sat sat win （赢） won won
meet（遇见） met met keep （保持） kept kept
sleep（睡） slept slept sweep（扫） swept swept
feel（感觉） felt felt smell（闻） smelt smelt
leave（离开） left left build（建设） built built
lend（借出） lent lent send （传送） sent sent
spend（花费） spent spent lose （丢失） lost lost
burn （燃烧） burnt burnt learn（学习） learnt learnt
mean（意思是） meant meant catch（抓住） caught caught
teach（教） taught taught bring（带来） brought brought
fight （战斗） fought fought buy（买） bought bought
think（想） thought thought hear （听见） heard heard
sell（卖） sold sold tell（告诉） told told
say（说） said said find（找到） found found
have/has（有） had had make（制造） made made
stand（站） stood stood understand明白 understood understood
(5) ABC型（动词原形、过去式与过去分词三者不同形）
begin（开始） began begun drink（喝） drank drunk
ring（铃响） rang rung sing （唱） sang sung
swim（游泳） swam swum blow（吹） blew blown
draw（画） drew drawn fly（飞） flew flown
grow（生长） grew grown know（知道） knew known
throw（投掷） threw thrown show（出示） showed shown
break（打破） broke broken choose（选择） chose chosen
forget（忘记） forgot forgotten (forgot)
speak（说，讲） spoke spoken
wake（醒） woke woke drive（驾驶） drove driven
eat（吃） ate eaten fall（落下） fell fallen
give（给） gave given
rise（升高） rose risen take（取） took taken
mistake（弄错） mistook mistaken
ride（骑） rode ridden write（写） wrote written do（做） did done go（去） went gone lie（平躺） lay lain see（看见） saw seen wear（穿） wore worn
be ( am, is, are )（是） was, were been
范文三：高中英语语法
？句子的基本结构： 句子 = 主语+ 谓语
1. 主语和谓语是英语句子的两大成分，除少数句子（如祈使句和感叹句等）外，一句话必须同时具有主语和谓语所表达的意思才能完整。
2. 在正常情况下，英语的主语和谓语的位置与汉语一致，也就是说主语在前，谓语紧跟其后。
一：主语是一句话的主题，是句子陈述，说明的的对象。表示句子说的是" 什么人" 、“什么事”、“什么东西”、“什么地方”“什么现象”“什么情况” 。
名词 代词：数词：动名词:To do不定式 一个句子:
名词：none （n. ）普通名词， 专有名词
普通名词： 1 表实际事物的词：book table house apple milk water honey 2 集体名词：family army the government
3 抽象名词： honesty happiness love sadness anger thinking (思想)
注意普通名词的数：可数（C ）与不可数（U ）
1集体名词都可数，并无单复数形式，只表复数。The Chinese people are
hard-working.
注：表一类人或事地三种方法：the+ n（单）、the +adj , a/an+n(单)
2抽象名词一般不可数，表单数。The milk is out of date.
例外：Hope experience impression changes ideas suggestions
3实际事物可数名词的变化规律：
1 一般情况加-s
2以 s, sh ,ch ,z,, x 结尾加-es
Classes, dishes. Churches , buzzes(嗡嗡声), boxes,
3以 辅音字母+y 结尾。把y 变为i 再加es
Parties families
4以辅音字母+o 结尾，加es
Heroes(英雄) potatoes(土豆) tomatoes(西红柿) goes
例外：pianos kiols photos
5以f/fe 结尾, 去f/fe加ves
Leaf(叶子) :leaves knife（小刀）: knives thief（小偷）: thieves
6复合名词：1 man doctor: men doctors / woman doctor: women doctors 2traffic light : traffic lights / housewife :housewives 3looker-on : lookers-on / passer-by: passers-by
专有名词：表示特别的人，滴，事物的的特有名称。
1 人名：lily ,Julia ,Jack, LiMing / Mr.Brown , Miss Li , Dr. Jack , Lady Wang , professional Grey / the Lord , the Emperor Napoleon , the son of Sam
2 地名：America(USA) , Asia , Britain , Span , Pearl Harbour ,the western China
3时间：表月份：January February March April May June July August
September October November December
表星期:Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday 表具体时间: Today, tomorrow, yesterday , the day after tomorrow ,the
day before yesterday ,morning, afternoon ,evening,
midnight ,six o’clock in the afternoon
表节日:New Year 新年 Christmas Day 圣诞 Valentine’Day 情人节
4报刊，书名：The Times (泰晤士报) Life （《生活》周刊）Gone With the Wind ，《飘》
5单位，团体名称：the united nations (联合国) congress（美国国会）
SISU （川外Sichuan International Studies University） Yale university (耶鲁大学)
代词：用以代替名词，以及起名词作用的词。
1． 人称代词.
主格(作主语) ： I you he she it we you they
宾格（做宾语）：me you him her it us you them
2物主代词：
形容词性物主代词(位于名词前做定语) ： my your his her its our your their 名词性物主代词（做表语或宾语）：mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs 3反身代词(做表语，宾语) ：myself yourself himself herself itself ourselves yourselves themselves oneself
4相互代词(做宾语) ：each other , one another
5指示代词(做定语，表语，宾语) ： this that these those it such
6疑问/关系代词：who whose which what whom when where
7不定代词：some something somebody someone /any anything anybody anyone /no nothing nobody no one /every everything everyone /each/much many/ little a little /few a few/ other another /all /none/ one / both either /neither 数词：
基数词
序数词: first second third forth fifth /sixth seventh ninth tenth
Eleventh twelfth thirteenth fourteenth?
Twentieth thirtieth
Twenty-first forty- seventh
Hundredth thousandth millionth billionth
分数 ： 1/2 :a(one) half
1/3 :a/ one third
2/3 two thirds
1/4 a (one) quarter/fourth
3/4 three quarters(fourths)
作定语时：加连字符 one-third two-thirds
5 1/2 : five and a half
7 2/5: seven and two fifths
小数点：1.25 ：one point two five
3.654 : three point six five four
0.045 ：naught/zero point naught four five
百分数：
300%; three hundred per cent
动名词做主语：
Seeing is believing .
Travelling abroad is very exciting .
-to do 做主语
To see is to believe.
To believe him is difficult.
二：谓语用来说明主语的情况。是对主语动作或状态的陈述或说明, 指出“做什么”、“是什么”或“怎么样”. 跟汉语一样，谓语动词的位置一般在主语之后。
谓语动词：实意动词/系动词
简单句: 1 主语+实意动词+宾语(名词、代词、数词、动名词、To do不定式、一个句子) Tom hates dogs.
He can do it.
The number of the students is fifth.
I like swimming.
She feels great.
It is beautiful.
The only thing you have to do is (to) cut off the line.
It is very interesting that he likes foreign culture.
注：双宾语：he give me a pen .
Miss Li passed a book to LiXiao.
She asks me to do the work.
He makes the baby laugh.
简单句的修饰：
1状语来修饰整个句子，或谓语动词。
状语：副词，介词短语，或相当于副词的词或短语来担当。
频率副词：always often sometimes never
形容词转为副词：quick —quickly large---largely fortunate—fortunately Tom hates dogs very much.
He can do it quickly.
I like swimming so much.
She really feels great .
It is rather cold.
2定语来修饰做主语，宾语，表语的名词.
Little Tom hates dogs very much.
Lily wants pretty toys.
He has a ugly friend.
3补语来限定或修饰主语，宾语。。起补充说明的作用。少了它句子依然完整。 最常见的是宾语补足语。
名词、动名词、形容词、副词、不定式、现在分词、过去分词都可以在句子中作宾补。 She was found dead.
They named the child, Jimmy.
范文四：高中英语语法
1. allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人去做某事(后接动词不定式)
My father allowed me to go out for a walk after finishing my homework.
2. asked sb. (not) to do sth. 叫某人做事某事(叫某人不要去做某事) My father asked me to study hard.
He asked me not to swim alone.
be asked to do sth. 被叫去做某事/被邀请去做某事
I was asked to have a dinner with them yesterday.
3. be afraid to do sth. 害怕做某事
She is afraid to ask me questions.
4. be afraid of doing sth. 害怕做某事
I am afraid of going out at night.
5. be afraid of sth. 害怕某物
He is afraid of snakes.
6. be amazed to do sth. 对做某事感到惊讶
He was amazed to meet the girl there.
be amazed at sth. 对某事感到惊讶
they were amazed at the news.
7. be busy doing/with sth. 忙于做某事
e.g: I was busy washing my car at that time. 那时候我正忙于清洗我的车子。 I am busy with my work.
8. be coming/going/leaving/fiying/moving/dying(某些位移动词用进行时态时表将来) the bus is coming/the dog is dying.
9. be excited to do sth. 对做……感到兴奋
Jacky was excited to travel there by plane.
be excited at sth.
Lily was excited at his words.
be excited about doing sth.
he was excited about passing the exam without going overing books.
10. be frightened to do sth. 害怕去做某事
Sam is frightened to ride a horse.
11. be glad/happy to do sth. 高兴去做某事
she is happy to clean the blackboard with me.
be pleased to do sth. 高兴做某事
she was pleased to help the old man yesterday.
be pleased with sth. 对某事感到高兴/满意
the teacher was pleased with my answer.
12. be interested in sth./doing sth. 对某事感兴趣/对做某事感兴趣 she is interested in swimming in the river.
My brother is interested in Chinese.
13. be/get ready for/to do sth.
Be ready for sth. 为某事做好了准备
We are ready for the exam.
Be ready to do sth. 为做某事做好了准备
We are ready to have a birthday party for her.
get ready for sth.为某事在做准备
We are getting ready for the exam.
get ready for sth. 为做某事而做准备
13. be sorry to do sth. 对做某事感到抱歉
14. be surprised to do sth. 对做某事感到惊奇
be surprised at sth. 对某事感到惊奇
15. be worth doing sth. 值得做某事 (worth 后接动词-ing形式，常考)
16. begin to do sth.
begin/start to do/doing sth.
17. can/be able to afford (to buy) sth. 有能力购买(供)……
18. can/may/must do sth. could/would/should/might do sth.
19. can’t wait to do sth. 迫不急待地去做某事
20. decide to do sth. 决定去做某事
make up one’s mind to do sth. 下决心去做某事 (常考)
make a decision to do sth. 对做某事作出决定
21. deserve to do sth. 值得/应该做……
22. encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人去做某事
23. enjoy doing sth. 乐意去做某事
24. expect (sb.) to do sth. 期望去做某事
25. fail to do sth. 做某事失败
succeed doing sth. 成功做了某事
26. finish doing sth. 做完某事(后接动词-ing形式) (常考)
27. follow sb to do sth. 跟随某人去做某事
28. get sb. to do sth.
make sb. do sth.
let sb. do sth.
29. get/have a chance to do sth. 得到一个做某事的机会
30. give/pass/show/lend/sell sb. sth./ sth. to sb.
buy/get/bring sb. sth. / sth. for sb.
31. go on to do sth. 继续做事(常考)
go on doing sth. 继续做事(常考)
32. hate to do/doing sth. 讨厌/不喜欢做某事
33. have fun doing sth.
34. have problems doing sth. 做某事遇到困难
35. have sb. do sth.
have sth. done
have sth. to do 有事要做
36. hear sb. do sth. 听到某人做某事(后接动词原形，常考)
hear sb. doing sth. 听到某人正在做某事(常见)
37. help to do sth. 帮忙做某事
help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事
38. hope/wish to do sth. 希望做某事
wish sb. to do sth. 希望某人做某事
39. I t seems that 这像是……（后接从句）
seem to do sth.
seem +adj.
40. It’s + adj.+(for sb.) to do sth.
It’s + adj. +(of sb.) to do sth.
e.g: It’s glad for him to hear the news.
41. It takes sb. some time/money to do sth. 花费某人多长时间做某事(常考)
42. pay …for… cost spend…on….. it take …to do sth.
43. It’s best for sb to do sth.. 对某人来说做某事是最好的
had better do sth. 最好做某事 (注意had没有时态和人称的变化，better后接动词原形)
44. It’s time for sb. to do sth. 是某人做某事的时候了
45. keep (on)doing sth. 坚持做某事(常考)
keep sb. doing sth. 让某人做某事(常考)
keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事(常考)
keep sb./ sth. +adj.
keep the book for 2 days 借这本书两天(不要用borrow或lend)
46. learn to do sth. 学做某事
learn sth. from sb. 向某人学习
47. like to do/doing sth. 喜欢做某事
like sb. to do sth. 喜欢某人做某事
48. need to do sth.
need doing sth./to be done
need sth .
needn’t do sth.
49. prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. 宁愿……而不愿……(常考) prefer doing sth. to doing sth. 喜欢做……胜过做……
e.g: I prefer reading books to going shopping. 比起购物来，我更爱读书。 prefer to do sth. 喜欢(爱)做某事
50. refuse to do sth. 拒绝做……
51. remember/forget to do sth. 记得/忘记做某事
remember/forget doing sth. 记得/忘记做过某事
52. see sb. do sth. 看见某人做某事 (结果)
see sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事(正在进行中)
be seen to do sth. 做某事被看见
53. something to eat/drink 一些吃/喝的东西 (词不定式放在something等后修饰这些词)
e.g: I need something to eat. 我要一些吃的东西。
54. spend some time (in)doing sth. /on sth. 花费时间做某事(注意动词要用ing形式)(常考)
spend some money on sth./ doing sth. 买……花了多少钱
55. Sth. is hard/difficult/easy to do. 做好某事很难/容易
56. stop to do sth. 停下来去某事(两件事) (常考)
stop doing sth. 停止做某事(一件事) (常考)
stop sb. (from) doing sth. 阻止某人做某事(常考)
57. take turns to do sth. 轮流做……
58. tell sb. (not) to do sth. 叫某人去(不要)做某事
be told to do sth. 被告知不要做某事
59. There is no need (for sb.) to do sth. 对某人来说没必要做某事
60. There is no time (for sb.) to do sth.
have no time to do sth. 没时间做某事
61. too…(for sb.) to …太……以致不能……
so… that… not… enough to do
e.g: The boy is too young to go to school. 那男孩太小了以致不能上学。
62. try/do one’s best to do sth. 尽力去做某事
try to do sth. 试着(图)做某事
63. used to do sth. 过去常做某事( used to be + adj./ a +n)
e.g: Mr. wang used to be a teacher worker. 王先生过去是一位工人。 I used to live in the country. 过去我住在农村。
64. want/would like to do sth. 想做……
want/would like sb. to do sth. 想某人做……
feel like doing sth. 喜爱做某事(注意like后接动词ing形式)
65. warn sb. (not) to do sth. 警告某人做某事(或不要做某事
66. Why don’t you do sth.?
Why not do sth ?
表示建议的句型还有：What How about……? (如果是动词，要用ing形式) Shall we……?
67. Would you like (sb.) to do sth.? Yes, I’d love to.
68. Would you mind doing sth.? 你介意做某事吗？
Never mind/Not at all/of course not/certainly not. (从不介意/一点也不介意/当然不会了)
69. Would you please (not) do sth. 你可不可以不做……？
70. finish doing sth. enjoy doing sth. practise doing sth. be good at doing sth. be good at doing sth. thank you for doing sth. stop doing sth. be good at doing sth. give up doing sth mind doing sth stop sb from doing sth go on doing sth be busy doing sth see/hear/watch sb doing sth feel like doing sth hate doing sth like doing sth do well in doing sth be afraid of doing sth be interested in doing sth make a contribution to sth/doing sth
71. 非延续性动词(终止性动词)
1. buy---have(has)had 2. borrow---have(has)kept 3.
leave---have(has)been away
4. go ---have(has)been away/in… 5. come ---have(has)here/in…
6. die ---have(has)been dead 7. join---have(has)been a member of/in…
8. begin---have(has)on 8. stop---have(has)been over
例如: 他的狗死了3天了.: His dog has been dead for three days. It is three days since his dog died. His dog died three days ago.
72. 感官动词:(主动语态不带to)1.hear/see/watch sb do sth 或 2.
hear/see/watch sb doing sth
1. We often hear him sing the song.
2. I saw him swimming in the river just now.
被动语态带to:
1. He is often heard to sing the song.
役使动词: (主动语态不带to) make/let sb do sth.
His father often makes him do this and that.
被动语态带to:
He is often made to do this and that by his father.
范文五：高中英语语法
1. 教学背景分析
（1）教学内容分析：本单元为模块五第一单元Great Scientists, 中心话题是“科学家如何以探索、钻研、无畏的科研精神验证未知的科学真理。” 第一课时Warming up 和reading ，通过热身活动，让学生熟悉一些科学家以及他们的品质特点以及成就，引入阅读文章介绍英国著名医生John Snow是如何通过考察、分析、探究的科学方法发现并控制“霍乱”的。第二课时，运用课文材料做载体，学习一些词汇句型及语言现象，为后面的语言运用做好铺垫。第三课时，学习课文中出现的语言现象：过去分词做表语和定语，为学生进一步扫清阅读障碍，以及写作中运用高级语法非谓语动词奠定基础。第四课时，即综合语言运用：阅读与写作。的阅读技能训练并且运用到于运用图式理论激活背景知识的过程。阅读材料是关于哥白尼是如何发现太阳中心学说的，学生在老师的引领下，运用各种阅读技巧对文章进行主旨大意、篇章结构、细节搜集等任务，提高阅读理解能力，并在回答问题中进行一些语言点的学习，并学会思考并阐明自己观点。写作是在学生充分讨论有了明确观点的情况下，给哥白尼写一封说服信，建议他尽早公布他的发现。经过前面课时学习内容的铺垫，学生无论在阅读技巧还是语法词汇的使用上都获得了一定的积累，在这个环节进行写作训练，过渡自然，水到渠成。
（2）学生情况分析：高二学生虽然对高中阶段的阅读技能和写作特点有所了解，但还需要老师不断引导和组织相应的活动来提高综合运用语言的能力。再者，由于本篇阅读阅读课文为科普文，学生较难理解，所以通过scanning 文章的main idea 和 supporting details来帮助学生理解。作文前也需要学生有充分的讨论交流和展示，以便获取丰富的写作素材。 2. 教学目标分析
（1）知识与技能目标：通过阅读，能够从篇章中获取主要信息，明确文章的写作结构并学会用自己的语言阐明观点；从文中学会运用重点词汇和句型，领会语法现象，能仿造句子，并运用适当连接词汇组织段落成文
（2）情感态度和价值观目标：通过阅读文章及生生互动的讨论环节，进一步了解伟大的科学家不盲从权威，勇于挑战传统的科学探索精神，并通过分析当时形势，学会换位思考，理解他人。
（3）过程与方法目标：通过教师的指导学会准确搜寻信息、概括文章大意、分析文章结构框架。通过生生互动，学会合作，并组织语言发表自己观点。
3. 教学重点难点分析
（1）教学重点：阅读，讨论，写作三个环节是本课时的重点，通过读的输入，转化成说和写的输出，最终实现综合能力的提高。
（2）教学难点：文章中一些词汇如：lead to ,make sense, spin, enthusiastic，cautious 等；
长难句的理解，特殊句式的使用，如：
1） Only if we put the sun there did the movements of the other planets make sense.
(Inversion)
2）such an idea
4. .教学过程设计
Brief introduction of the teaching procedure:
This period will focus on reading and writing. As usual, the teacher can begin the teaching with reviewing the information of some scientists, and then talk about the universe, solar system, Nicolas Copernicus and his theory.
As to reading training, to help the students to form the good habit of reading with some strategy, the teacher should develop the students’ ability of scanning and skimming, that is, first read it as a whole to understand the structure of the passage and catch the main idea with the help of the structure and title.
The following step is to read the passage for the details ; some questions should be designed t o check the students’ understanding by saying something about Copernicus and some language points can be explained if necessary.
Besides reading, the students are also expected to learn and practice their writing skill. After studying the passage, the students can have a discussion about whether Nicolas
Copernicus should publish his theory, and then ask: If you were Copernicus’ friend, how could you persuade him to publish his idea? Then the students are asked to write a persuasive letter to change someone else’s decision. The teacher should help the students to learn from the model writing, from which they can conclude the structure of a persuasive letter and learn to write a new one according to the sample.
T eaching Procedure
Step 1 Reviewing as the lead-in activity (3 ’)
T: We have learned the story about John Snow, who can say something about the great scientist?
Ss ：…(Retelling the information from the reading text)
T: Besides John Snow, we have learned a lot more other great scientists? What should we learn from them?
Ss: talent / intelligence / hard work / persistence / confidence / curiosity / enthusiasm… Step 2 Pre-reading (2’)
T: So we should learn a lot from these great scientists, I find you are interested in science and scientists. Let’s see what this picture is about? (Show a picture of solar system)
Ss: It shows the solar system including the sun and the eight planets.
T: That’s right. But do you know what the center of the solar system is?
Ss: The sun.
T: As we all know, the sun is the center of solar system. But who found it out?
Ss: Copernicus.
T: That’s true. What do you know about him?
Ss: He is Polish, a scientist of …
Step3 Fast reading （3’）
T: You have known something about Copernicus; do you want to know more about him? Now let’s turn to the text----Copernicus’s revolutionary Theory. Read the passage quickly to find out why Copernicus’ theory is revolutionary?
Suggested answer: Before Copernicus, people thought that the earth was the centre of the universe instead of the sun.
Ste p4 Skimming and scanning (5’)
T: To be understood better, a passage is always divided into more than one part. Read the passage quickly and find out the main idea of each part.
(After three minutes.)
T: Have you got it? Generally speaking, if we want to introduce something, first, we usually give a brief introduction. What about the main ideas of other parts?
(Ask the students to give their opinions and in the end the teacher shows them the answer.) Suggested answers:
Para 2 The cause of Copernicus’ theory
Para. 3-4 The completing and publishing of Copernicus’ theory
Para 5 The significance of Copernicus’ theory
Step 5 Detailed reading (10’)
Read the text carefully and find the answers of the following questions, paying attention to some language points.
Design 6 questions for the students to answer:
1. What was Copernicus Theory about?
2. Why could he not tell about his theory?
3. What had the astronomers noticed in the sky?
4. When did Copernicus complete his theory?
5. When did he publish his idea? (Para 4)
6. What is the significance of Copernicus’ theory?
(Some key points are designed in the answers to the questions, so while answering the questions, the students can help each other to solve the problems about language difficulties. If necessary the teacher can help )
Two important sentences: (Inversion) an idea
Step 6 The summary of Copernicus (1’)
Can you say something about Copernicus? Retell the text to talk about the great scientist.
