薯片可乐
范文一：八年级英语时态
人教版七、八年级英语重要时态集中营
第一部分:时态解析及巩固练习。
一(一般现在时:
1.一般现在时的概念和用法:
(1)表示现阶段经常、反复、习惯性的动作;
(2)表示目前的状况;
(3)表示自然界的客观真理。
2.几种结构形式:
(1)谓语动词是 be 动词:
A:肯定:主语 + be(am , is , are ) + 其他
例:I am a teacher , and she is a doctor .
B:否定:主语 + be + not +其他
例:They are not good at English . C:一般疑问:Be +主语 +其他 ?
例:Is your mother a farmer ? D:特殊疑问:疑问词 + 一般疑问句式
即:疑问词 + be +主语 +其他 ?
例: Who is the girl over there ? (2)谓语动词是实义动词(行为动词):
A:肯定:主语 + 动词原形 \第三人称单数形式 + 其他 例: We need some money . She likes shopping .
B:否定:主语 + don`t (doesn`t) + 动词原形 +其他
例:They don`t have any story books . My son doesn`t eat meat . C:一般疑问:Do (Does) + 主语 + 动原 + 其他 ,
Do you live in the country ? Does the headmaster have a lot of money ?
D:特殊疑问:疑问词 + 一般疑问句式
即:疑问词 + do (does) + 主语 + 动原 +其他 ,
例:What do you have for supper ? Which subject does Tom prefer ? (3)谓语含有情态动词:
A:肯定:主语 + 情态动词 + 实动原 + 其他
例:He can speak English well . B:否定:主语 + 情态动词 + not + 实动原 + 其他
例:You mustn`t swim in the river . C:一般疑问:情动 + 主语 +实动原 + 其他 ,
例:May I come in ?
Could you help me ?
D:特殊疑问:疑问词 + 一般疑问句式
即:疑问词 + 情动 + 主语 + 实动原 + 其他 ,
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例:What can I do for you ?
Who should they ask for help
3(动词第三人称单数形式的变法:与名词变成复数的变法大致相同。
巩固练习。
1.We _____________ ( go ) to school on foot every day . 2.They ______________( not have ) any lessons on Sundays . 3.She _____________ ( brush ) her teeth twice a day .
4.These students ____________ ( be not ) good at boating . 5.Wei Hua always ____________( carry ) water for his grandpa on Sundays .
6.___________Kate ____________( like ) making friends ? 7.The lazy boy ______________( not do ) his homework in the evening . 8.How many classes _________you __________( have ) every day? 9.Who __________the baby ___________( look ) like ? 10.He can ___________( teach ) us Enlgish well . 11. He often ________(have) dinner at home.
12. Daniel and Tommy _______(be) in Class One.
13. Nick _________(not go) to the zoo on Sunday. 14. What _______they often _______(do) on Saturdays? 15. _______ your parents _______(read) newspapers every day? 16. The girl ____________(teach) us English on Sundays. 17. She and I ________(take) a walk together every evening. 18. There ________(be) some water in the bottle. 19. They _______(have) the same hobby.
20. My aunt __________(look) after her baby carefully. 21. You always _______(do) your homework well.
22. I _______(be) ill. I’m staying in bed.
23. She _______(go) to school from Monday to Friday. 24. The child often ____________(watch) TV in the evening. 25.-What day _______(be) it today? , It’s Saturday.
26. He _________ (get) up at six o'clock.
27. ________ you __________ (brush) your teeth every morning? 28. What ________he usually ________ (do) after school? 29. Danny ___________ (study) English, Chinese, math, science and art at school.?
30.What time _________ his mother _________ (do) the housework? 二(一般过去时
, 1.一般过去时的概念和用法:
, (1).表示过去某个时间或过去经常、反复发生的动作或存在的状态。
, We had a good time last Sunday .
, He was a farmer last spring .
, I often went fishing fifteen years ago .
, (2).有时动作发生的时间不是很清楚，但实际上已经是过去发生的，要用
过去时表示。
, I broke my leg in the accident.
, 2.一般过去时句子的几种构成形式:
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, (1). 谓语动词是 be 动词:
, A:肯定:主语 + be(was , were ) + 其他
, 例:I was at home just now.
, They were out yesterday .
, B:否定:主语 + be + not +其他
, 例:They were not good at English last term.
, C:一般疑问:Be +主语 +其他 ?
, 例:Was your mother a farmer ?
, D:特殊疑问:疑问词 + 一般疑问句式
, 即:疑问词 + be +主语 +其他 ?
, Where were you ten minutes ago ?
, (2).谓语动词是实义动词(行为动词):
, A:肯定:主语 + 动词过去式+ 其他
, 例: We moved to China many years ago .
, B:否定:主语 + didn`t + 动词原形 +其他
, 例:We didn`t have any classes yesterday ..
, C:一般疑问:Did + 主语 + 动原 + 其他 ,
, Did you have a good time at the party ?
, D:特殊疑问:疑问词 + 一般疑问句式
, 即:疑问词 + did + 主语 + 动原 +其他 ,
, What did you eat just now ?
, 3.规则动词的过去式变法:
, A.一般情况下直接在词尾加 “ed”.
, B.以e结尾的直接加d.
, C.以辅音字母 + y结尾的，改y为i,再ed. 如:study ,carry 等。
, D.以重读闭音节结尾的，即以重读的“辅 + 元 + 辅”结构结尾，先双
, 写后一个辅音字母，再加ed. 如:step , control , prefer 等。
巩固练习:
1.We ____________( begin ) the class meeting an hour ago. 2.The girl ___________( stop ) crying when she saw her mother. 3.Tom _________________( not have ) his breakfast this morning , now he feels
very hungry .
4.____________you ____________( see ) the accident yesterday ? 5.Why ___________her mother ______________( go ) there in 1990 ? 6.The little boy __________( be ) born on a cold evening . 7.John ___________( fall ) off the tree and hurt himself badly . 8.There ___________( be ) a heavy rain last night 9.Tom and Mary ___________ (come) to China last month. 10. Mike _________________(not go) to bed until 12 o'clock last night.
So he ______ (get) up late.
11. Mary __________ (read) English yesterday morning. 12. My mother ________________ (not do) housework yesterday. 13. There ____________ a telephone call for you just now. (be) 14. -When _______ you _________ (come) to china?-Last year.
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15. _________ (be) it cold in your city yesterday? 16.. How many people ________ (be) there in your class last term?
17. There ________ (be) a football match on TV yesterday evening, but I
_________ (have) no time to watch it.
三. 一般将来时
, 1.一般将来时的概念和用法:
, 表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态;或者事先安排好要做的事情。
, 2.句子结构形式:
, (1).be going to + 动词原形
, 其中的be只能是am , is ,are
, A:肯定:主语 + be going to + 动词原形 + 其他
, Tim is going to join the army .
, B:否定:主语 + be +not+ going to + 动词原形 + 其他
, Mother is not going to do some shopping today .
, C:一般疑问:Be +主语 + going to + 动词原形 + 其他
, Are you going to talk with me ?
, D:特殊疑问:疑问词+ 一般疑问句式
, 即:疑问词 + be +主语 + going to + 动词原形 + 其他
, Where is your uncle going to spend his holiday ?
, 注:在使用be going to 结构时，如果它后面的动词表示位置转移，在造
句时可以直接用那个动词的现在进行时形式(be + V-ing )来表示将来的动
作。
, 常见的表示位置转移的动词有:go , come , leave , fly 等。
, 如:The old man is going to go to the hospital .
, ==The old man is going to the hospital .
, The football star is going to leave for Shanghai tomorrow .
, ==The football star is leaving for Shanghai tomorrow.
, (2). will + 动词原形
, A:肯定:主语 + will + 动词原形 + 其他
, I will call you later .
, B:否定:主语 + will +not (won`t) + 动词原形 +
, 其他
, We will not be late for school again .
, They won`t get up so early .
, C:一般疑问:Will + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他 ,
, Will he come to my home for supper ?
, D:特殊疑问:
, 疑问词 + will + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他 ,
, When will the film begin ?
巩固练习:
(一)(词形变换。
, 1. Today is a sunny day. We_____________ (have) a picnic this afternoon.
, 2. My brother _______________ (fly) to Shanghai next week.
, 3. Tom often ______________(go) to school on foot. But today is rainy. He
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______________ (go) to school by bike.
, 4. Mary ____________ (visit) her grandparents tomorrow. , 5.They ______________(come ) in two days .
, 6.___________she ____________(join ) us tomorrow ? , 7.There __________________(be) a basketball match next Monday . (二)单项选择。
1.Mother ________ me a nice present on my next birthday. A. will gives B. will give C. gives D. give 2.He ________ her a beautiful hat on her next birthday. A. gives B. gave C. will give D. is going giving 3. He ________ in three days.
A. coming back B. came back
C. will come back D. is going to coming back
4. Who ________ ________ swimming with us tomorrow afternoon? A. will; go B. do; go C. will; going D. shall; goes 5. The day after tomorrow they ________ a volleyball match. A. will watch B. watches C. is watching D. to watch 6. They ________ an English evening next Sunday. A. are having B. are going to have C. will having D. is going to have
7. ________ you ________ free next Sunday?
A. Will; are B. Will; be C. Do; be D. Are; be 8. He ________ there at ten tomorrow morning.
A. will B. is C. will be D. be
9. I ____ _____ a teacher in the future.
A. will, be B. is, be C. is, being D. will, is 10.They ____ _____ to the park next Sunday.
A. will goes B. will go C. is going D. will go 11.My family ____ _____ to church next weekend.
A. will go B. goes C. will going D. is going 12.My mother will ____ me a pencil tonight.
A. gives B. giving C. give
13.He ______ play football tomorrow.
A. will B. is C. be
14.My grandpa and grandma ____ ____ to see us in two days. A. will coming B. will come C. is coming D. are coming 15.She ___ ____ TV this evening.
A. wills watch B. will watching C. is watching D. will watch 16.My grandpa ____ _____ at home the day after tomorrow. A. will stay B. wills stay C. will stays D. is staying 17.Mom will _____ back soon.
A. comes B. coming C. comes D. come
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四、现在进行时
, 1.现在进行时的概念和用法:
, 表示某一动作此时此刻或目前阶段正在进行。
, 2.构成形式:
, 助动词be + 动词的现在分词(动词的ing形式)
, 其中的be只能是am , is , are
, (1).肯定:主语 +助动词be + 动词的现在分词+其他
, She is writing a letter. We are having supper .
, (2).否定:主语 +助动词be +not+ 动词的现在分词 + 其他
, Tom isn`t reading English but watching TV at the moment .
, I am not feeling well today .
, (3).一般疑问:
, Be +主语 + 动词的现在分词 + 其他 ,
, Are you singing an English song ?
, Is your mother cooking in the kitchen ?
, (4).特殊疑问:疑问词 + 一般疑问句式
, 即:疑问词+be +主语 + 动词的现在分词 + 其他 ,
, What is Kate doing in her room now ?
, Who are they waiting for ?
, 3.动词的现在分词变法:
, A.一般的直接加ing .
, B.以不发音的字母e结尾，先去掉 e，再加上ing.
, C.以重读闭音节结尾的，即以重读的“辅 + 元 + 辅”结构结尾，先双
, 写后一个辅音字母，再加ing. 如:begin , shop 等 。
巩固练习:
, 1.Li Lei is __________ ( write ) something carefully . , 2.Look ! The little girl ____________(listen) to music . , 3.-Where are the twins ?- They__________( sit ) under the bed .
, 4.Our English teacher __________( not sleep ) right now , instead he is
working .
, 5.____your uncle _____( drive ) a car now ? , 6. Don`t go outside , it ______( rain ) heavily . , 7.What ____your friends _____( do ) at the moment? , 8.What is ______( happen ) over there ? , 9.When spring comes , it`s ____( get ) warmer and warmer. , 10.The children ______( enjoy ) the field trip now 五.过去进行时
, 1.过去进行时的概念和用法:
, 表示过去某一时刻正在进行或发生的动作。常与以下时间状语连用:at
that time , at this time yesterday , at 8:00 last night 等。
, 2.构成形式:
, be( was , were ) + V-ing
, (1).肯定:主语+ was/were + V-ing + 其他
, We were having a meeting at that time .
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, She was cooking when I got home.
, (2).否定:主语+ was/were +not + V-ing + 其他
, She wasn`t watching TV at this time yesterday.
, (3).一般疑问:Were /Was + 主语 +V-ing +其他 ,
, Were you having supper at that moment ?
, (4).特殊疑问:
, 疑问词+ were /was + 主语 +V-ing +其他 ?
, What were you doing at that time ?
巩固练习:
, 1.Tom _____( wash ) clothes when I saw him . , 2.While we _____( talk ) in the room , the light suddenly went out .
, 3.She _____( play ) the piano at that time . , 4.___Mr Zhang ___( give ) a talk when an earthquake , happened ?
, 5.Some of the students _____(clean ) the classroom this time yesterday .
, 6.Where ____your mother ____( shop ) when I called her . 六. 现在完成时
? 一、现在完成时的概念和用法:
? 1.表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
? I have already finished my homework .
? 2.表示过去开始一直延续到现在的动作或状态。(要求动词是延续性的)
? (常与for 或since 引导的时间状语连用)
? I have waited for you for half an hour . ? She has been a teacher since 1999.
? We have studied in this school since two years ago . ? They have been away since the accident happened. ? 【注】 for + 时间段
? since + 过去的某个时间/时刻或者是一个一般过去时的句子。
? 时间段:如:a minute , three days , half an hour等。
? 过去的某个时间/时刻: 如:last week , yesterday, three years ago , 1990等
? 二、构成形式:
? 助动词have/has + 动词的过去分词
? 1.肯定:主语 + have/has +过去分词+其他
? We have planted many trees .
? 2.否定:主语 + have/has +not +过去分词+其他
? I haven`t finished my composition yet . ? She hasn`t been to Chongzuo .
? 3.一般疑问: Have/Has + 主语 + 过去分词+其他,
? Have you had your breakfast ,-----Yes , I have ./ No , I haven`t . ? Has your mother made a cake ?----Yes , she has . /No , she hasn`t .
? 4.特殊疑问:疑问词+一般疑问句式
? 即:疑问词 + have/has + 主语 + 过去分词+其他?
? Where have you spent your winter holidays . ? What has the thief done these days ?
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? 【附】:动词过去分词的变法:
? 说明:规则的动词过去分词的变法与过去式相同;不规则的动词过去分词变
法请参照课本后面的不规则动词表。
? 三、常用的时间状语:these days , for 5 years , since 1989 , so far , already ,
just , yet , ever, never , once , twice , recently等。
? 【注】 already 一般用在肯定句子中。表示“已经”。
? yet 用在否定或疑问句子末。(否:还;疑:已经)
? 四、比较have\has been to , have\has gone to 和have\has been in 的用法:
? 1. have\has been to + 地名 ( have\has been +地副)
? 表示到过或去过某地，现在人已经不在那里。
? I have been to Beijing before .
? She has never been there .
? 2. have\has gone to +地名 ( have\has gone+地副)
? 表示去了某地，可能正在去的途中或已经在那里)
? My aunt has gone to New York on business . ? The twins have gone back to America .
? 3. have\has been in +地名( have\has been +地副)
表示来\在某地呆了多久。
? I have been in this school since I came here .
? Mary has been in that village for over two months . 【注】短暂性动词在肯定句、疑问句中不能与时间段连用，这些动词是:become,
begin, buy, borrow, arrive, come, die, go, join, leave等，为了表述这种意思，我
们常用相应的延续性动词have，keep等或短语“be+名词(形容词、位置副词、
介词短语)”来代替这些短暂性动词， 如:become ?be, begin?have 或 be on,
borrow?keep, buy?have, come(go, arrive, get) ?be here/there/in…，die?be
dead
例如:I have kept this book for two weeks .(不能用borrowed)
She has had the beautiful car for nearly ten years .( 不能用bought)
Lu Xun has been dead for many years .( 不能用died)
The film has been on for half an hour . (不能用 begun)
巩固练习:
?有关since和for的练习
1. He has lived in Nanjing ________ the year before last. 2. I’ve known him __________ we were children.
3. Our teacher has studied Japanese _________ three years. 4. She has been away from the city ___________ about ten years.
5. It has been about ten years __________ she left the city. 6.I've been like this _________ last week. ?用ever , never , already , yet , just 填空
1.I have ______seen him before , so I have no idea about him .
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2.Jack has ________finished his homework .
3. -“Have you _______seen the film”-No , I have _______seen it .”
4.-“Has the bus left _______?”-Yes , it has ________left.”
?用have(has) been to /have(has) gone to /have(has) been in 各种形式填空。
1.-Where is Jack ?-He __________________his country .
2.John _________________England since he came back .
3.How long _______they _____________this village ?
4.The Smiths ____________________Beijing for years .
5.-“________ you ever _____________America ?”
-“Yes , I _________________there many times .”
6.-“Would you like to go to the zoo with me ?”
-“Sorry , but I _______________there before .”
?用所给词的适当形式填空。(与相关时态混合练习)
1.She`s ___________(live ) there ever since she was ten . 2.The doctor ___________( save ) many people`s lives since he became a doctor . 3.Mary______________(lose) her new pen , and now she looks very sad . 4.Mr Gao _______________(teach ) us Chinese for more than six years . 5.-Where is your brother ?-He ____________( go ) to Nanning with my parents . 6.She____________( not have ) my lunch yet .
7.My sister ___________(join) the band in 2001 , and she __________(be) a singer for nearly ten years .
8.My father _____________(read) this novel twice .
9.We _________________( wait )for her since six o`clock this morning. 10.I can`t find my new bike . __________you _________(see) it anywhere ? 11.-________you _________( clean) your room yet ?
-Yes . I ____________(clean) it two hours ago .
12.-_______you ________( return) the book yet ?
-Not yet . I _______________( return ) it this afternoon . 13.-________your mom ________( come) back home yet ?
-Yes , she _____just ________( come) back .
?七(现在完成进行时
现在完成进行时含“进行时”与“完成时”双重意义:
1、 结构形式 .
现在完成进行时由“助动词 have(has) + been + 动词的现在分词”构成:
2, 基本用法
(1). 表示从过去某时间开始一直延续到说话时还在进行,而且可能还要持
续下去的动作:它通常和“for + 一时间段”或“since + 一时间点”这样的时间状
语连用:例如:
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I have been waiting for a letter from my parents. 我一直在等我父母的来信:
It has been raining for three hours. 雨一直下了三个小时了:
We have been studying here since 2004. 自从2004年以来,我们就一直在这
里学习:
(2). 表示从过去某时间开始,一直延续到说话时刻,可能刚刚结束的动作:
例如:
She has been sweeping the street all day. She is too tired. 她一整天都在扫
大街:她太累了:
We have been waiting for you for two hours. We don’t want to wait any
longer. 我们已经等你两个小时了,不想再等了:
3.结构形式:
(1). 肯定句:主语 + have(has) been + 现在分词 + 其他:
例如: I have been sitting here all the afternoon. 我在这儿坐了一下午:
He has been collecting all kinds of stamps since he was ten years old.
从十岁起他就一直在收集各式各样的邮票:
(2). 否定句:主语 + have(has) not been + 现在分词 + 其他:
例如: They haven’t been meeting each other for five years.
他们有五年没有见面了:
(3). 一般疑问句: Have/Has + 主语 + been + 现在分词?
肯定回答是: Yes, 主语 + have(has).
否定回答是: No, 主语 + haven’t(hasn’t).例如:
—Have you been studying for the English test today? 你今天一直在准备英
语考试吗?
—Yes, I have./No. I haven’t. 是的:/不,我没有:
—Has Daniel been skating for two years? 丹尼尔滑冰已经有两年了吗?
—Yes, he has./No, he hasn’t. 是的:/不,没有两年:
(4). 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词 + 一般疑问句?
What book have you been reading these days? 最近你在看什么书?
巩固练习:
? 1. You know, I ________ (look) for a job for three months, and this is my
first formal interview.
? 2. My sister ________ (stay) in Beijing for three months and she will be
back in a few days ..
? 3. The little boy is dirty all over because he ________ (play) in the mud all
the morning.
? 4. Here he is! We ________ (wait) anxiously for him since last night.
5.She ___________________( write) her composition since two hours ago.
You `d better not go to disturb(打扰) her .
第二部分:现在完成时与相关一些时态的用法区别:
? ?与一般过去时的区别:
1.概念不同:
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(1)对于过去已经发生而且结束的动作:一般过去时强调何时何地做了何事，并不说明跟现在的关系;而现在完成时强调对现在产生的结果或影响。 如 I bought a ticket yesterday. (强调我昨天做的一件事是买票)
I have already bought a ticket. (强调我已经有票了，无须再惦记票的事儿了)
(2)对于过去发生的，一直持续到现在的动作，只能用现在完成时。因为一般过去时只能描述已经结束的动作。
I have lived here for ten years. (我已住这儿十年了，今后还可能住下去，一般过去时表达不了这层意思)
2.结构不同:(略)
3.时间状语不同:一般过去时常与明确表示过去的时间状语连用。如 yesterday,
two days ago等。现在完成时不能与明确表示过去的时间状语连用，只能与already, yet, ever等连用。
同时，现在完成时也不与疑问词when连用。
? ?与现在完成进行时的区别:
现在完成进行时表示发生在过去的动作到目前已经部分完成,并将继续进行下去。这种时态的特点是强调已部分完成的动作仍将继续进行下去。现在完成进行时通常和时间段状语连用,如for two days， since early morning， these few days等。
与现在完成时相比,现在完成进行时明确表示已部分完成的动作仍将继续进行。比较:
I have been writing letters for an hour.整整一个小时我一直在写信。(仍将继续写下去)
I have written letters for an hour.我已经写了一个小时的信了。(已经结束或仍有可能继续下去)
【注】现在完成进行时也可表示到说话时刚刚结束的动作或到说话时刻前一直重复的动作。这种用法通常含有“动作持续时间之长,工作如此辛苦”等感情色彩。 I have been waiting for you two hours.我已经等了你两个小时了。(你怎么才来?让我等了这么久)
总之, 现在完成时可以表示一个已经完成的动作，而现在完成进行时则表示一个正在进行的动作:
I have read the book. 我读过这本书。
I have been reading the book. 我一直在读这本书。
【注】有少数动词(如work, study, live, teach, stay等)在表示持续一时间时用这两种时态含义差不多(只是用现在完成进行进更强调动作的持续性): How long have you worked [been working] here? 你在这儿工作多久了, I’ve lived [been living] here since 1988. 自1988年以来我就一直住在这儿。
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原文已完。下文为附加的原创公文，如不需要，下载后可以编辑删除，谢谢～
副县长在2016年县政府全体会议上的讲话
按照会议安排，我就今年分管工作简要讲5个方面:
一、强化调度管理，着力抓好项目建设。一方面，要着力抓好全县项目调度管理。每季度召开一次经济运行分析、项目调度会议，及时查改问题，抓好宏观经济运行调控管理和主要经济指标月度监测预警，确保全县经济运行健康有序，项目建设顺利推进。要抓争取。紧盯争取项目资金增长10%、谋划储备项目150项、向上申报80项以上、争取到位60项以上的目标，继续严格落实责任目标考核制，深谋细研国家、省市的战略意图和政策导向，用足用好政策，主动争抢，争取让更多项目挤进上级的大盘子。要赶进度。按照3月上旬全面开工，6月份完成一半以上实物工作量，11月底圆满完成年度建设任务的总体要求，健全完善重点项目推进和督查考核机制，落实重大项目分析报告制度，特别是对43个千万元以上项目，县发改局要坚持每周一报告，每月一分析，每季一调度，及时研究解决具体问题，全力加快建设进度。要严管理。严格执行项目建设基本程序，切实落实好立项、设计、评审、用地、规划、开工许可、竣工验收以及“四制”管理要求，主要负责同志要对项目质量、资金运行等情况进行全程监管，跟踪问效，确保工程安全、资金安全、干部安全。特别要强调的是，项目建成后要在3个月内完成竣工决算，并按规定报请有关
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部门进行验收，发现问题及时整改。今后，凡建设项目未进行决算验收的，在资金拨付过程中将适当暂扣部分资金，直至决算验收;对擅自扩大投资规模、变更建设标准和建设内容的，超出部分的资金由单位自行解决，情节严重的还要追究相关人员责任。另一方面，要着力抓好分管项目的组织实施。全面完成2015年易地扶贫搬迁项目，建成移民住宅280户,启动实施2016年易地扶贫搬迁项目，新建集中安置点11处～开工建设移民住宅733户～年内完成70%工程量,认真做好村级公益事业建设“一事一议”财政奖补项目～在50个村实施村内基础设施建设项目50个,全面完成2015年巩固退耕还林成果项目、世行贷款可持续发展农业项目和高标准农田建设项目各项任务。
二、围绕提速提质，着力抓好新型城镇化建设。投资10亿元～实施城镇基础设施建设项目36项～着力抓好四个方面的工作:一要瞄准国家政策导向搞规划。积极吃透新型城镇化建设有关精神，做好与省市新型城镇化规划和城镇体系规划的对接，认真调研，科学编制我县新型城镇化发展规划和县域城镇体系规划。全力抓好新一轮县城总体规划修编，完成4个中心村庄风貌规划～**历史文化名镇规划，**两镇镇区给排水专项规划和部分县城重大基础设施建设分项规划，为争取国家对县城和小城镇支持项目打下规划基础。二要强化工程质量进度抓建设。按照“新区提速、老城提质、组团开发、整体推进”的思路～全力抓好**开发、商品房开发、居民迁建安置、保障性住房建设、集中供热、路网改造、绿化亮化、市政设施维修改造“八大工程”20个具体项目建设～扎实推进各项前期工作～确保3月上旬所有
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续建工程、路网建设、城区绿化亮化和市政设施维修工程全面开工～5月底前商品房开发、保障性住房和居民安臵楼建设工程全面开工～11月底前行政中心、多功能文化中心、法院审判庭、公安局业务技术用房、污水处理厂、路网工程、绿化亮化工程全面竣工～集中供热工程确保投用。特别是要把城区居民搬迁安臵作为今年县城建设的一件大事来抓～中台镇和国土、住建等相关部门要克服困难～全力参与～各方齐用劲～拧成一股绳～务必于5月底前完成协议签订～并启动安臵楼建设～力争尽快建成搬迁～为县城建设腾开步子。三要整合执法力量抓管理。推行城市管理相对集中处罚权试点，理顺城市管理体制，整合执法力量，扎实推进环境卫生、市容市貌、交通秩序、市政设施管理。深入开展“三项创建～六大整治”活动,即:示范街、文明个体户、文明工地创建和汽修汽配市场、市容环境、建筑市场、户外广告清理、城区校园周边环境、专业市场整治,～下功夫解决县城区废品收购、汽配维修、乱堆乱放等突出问题。要下硬手查处违建问题～坚决遏制乱修乱建、抢修抢建、谋取征迁私利的势头。四要延伸城市公共服务抓村镇建设。4个重点镇要抓住国家支持建制镇建设的政策机遇～找准功能定位～优化发展布局～积极争取项目支持～全力实施好道路、给排水、集中供暖等基础设施配套项目23项～稳步推进小城镇提质扩容。其他乡镇在现有基础上～以完善功能、强化配套为重点～加强小城镇日常管理～合理控制城镇建设规模。坚持点面结合、以面为主、整村推进的思路～以优先保障住房最危险、经济最困难的群众为前提～持续推进农村危房改造～年内完成危改2000户9万平方米～
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进一步改善群众居住条件。特别是在危改对象确定过程中～要严格按照“一申二评三核四批”的程序～实行三级审批～三榜公示～做到公平、公正、阳光操作。
三、坚持征管并举，着力抓好财税工作。坚定不移地抓好收支调度、资金争取和财经监管，确保财税收入实现新突破，监管水平实现新提高。一要突出财政增收加强预算执行。继续严格执行部门和乡镇税收考核制度，完善征税激励机制，不断健全社会综合治税，扩大税源基础。建立月调度、季考核的财政工作机制和财政收入定期通报制度，避免工作上前松后紧、增幅大起大落，确保收入均衡入库、平稳增长，上半年实现“双过半”，全年突破亿元大关，达到**万元。各涉税业务部门要积极配合开展代征代扣业务，确保各项税收和非税收入应收尽收。要切实保障好农业、教育、医疗卫生、社会保障、保障性安居工程、公共文化等重点支出需要。严格控制一般性支出和“三公经费”，规范会议费、差旅费和车辆管理，降低行政成本。二要突出资金争取狠抓财源建设。紧紧抓住上级投资导向积极论证申报项目，年内力争争取到位各类财政专项资金8亿元以上，比上年提高10%以上。加大财政对工业、农副产品加工、牛果菜农村主导产业等支持力度，设立专项扶持基金，落实税收优惠政策，优先帮助申报项目资金，培育新的稳定财源。三是突出改革创新加强财政管理。积极推进金财工程一体化平台建设，完善国库集中支付改革，逐步取消纸质凭证和单据流转。加快部门电子化预算进程，启动金财工程部门预算模块。健全预决算公开机制。认真实施营改增试点。继续扩大政府
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采购范围和规模，规范政府采购行为。加强国有资产管理，加大清理清查力度，严防流失。推进预算绩效管理，加大对民生项目和政府投资重大项目的财政监管力度。加强政府性投资项目评审和结算。进一步加强政府性债务管理，建立债务风险预警机制。四要突出金融改革破解资金难题。针对当前财力不足，产业发展、项目建设等资金短缺的问题，各金融机构要积极探索，创新金融服务“三农”、助推扶贫攻坚和中小微企业发展机制，探索开展“三权”抵押，量身订作符合企业实际的金融产品和产业链融资等信贷模式，积极支持全县经济发展。
四、严守耕地红线，着力抓好国土资源管理工作。按照保红线、保发展的要求，严格耕地保护，大力推进节约集约用地，强化执法检查，确保国土资源管理科学有序。一要全力保护耕地资源。持续加大基本农田保护力度，从严控制非农建设占用耕地，确保耕地保护红线不突破。全面完成农村集体土地“三权”确权和农民宅基地确权登记颁证工作。争取立项土地整治项目1,2个，争取资金1000万元以上。全面完成**不稳定斜坡治理工程和**等7个乡镇14个村6个土地整治项目～整理土地1161.69公顷。各乡镇要抓建较高标准的土地复垦整理示范点1处，确保耕地占补平衡。二要有力保障发展用地。按照“增量上努力争取、存量上积极盘活、利用上节约集约”的原则，积极盘活土地存量，优先保障重大建设项目、民生工程、基础设施用地，切实保障战略性新兴产业、节能环保、保障住房建设等领域的项目建设用地需求。积极抓好土地资产运营，完成土地出让收益2000万元以上。三要着力保障发展环境。加大国土资源执法监察力度，着力控
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制未报即用、批少占多等违法用地多发的态势，严肃查处国土资源违法案件，有效保障土地开发利用秩序稳定，确保我县卫片执法检查“零通报、零问责、零约谈”。
五、坚持统筹兼顾，着力抓好审计等其他各项工作。审计工作要按照审计监督全覆盖的要求，以财政预算执行审计、领导干部经济责任审计、政府投资项目审计、民生专项资金审计、行政事业单位财务收支审计等为重点，加大审计力度，扩大审计覆盖面，深刻揭示突出问题，及时提出有价值、有针对性的建议，强化审计查出问题的督促整改，有效维护正常的经济秩序。统计工作要深入推进统计制度改革，切实搞好经济运行和社会发展监测服务。加强统计基础建设和统计巡查监管，推进统计能力建设，提高统计质量。法制工作对县政府各类规范性文件从严审核，修订和废止一批现行文件，切实规范约束行政行为。县政务服务中心和乡镇便民服务网点要进一步加强规范化运行，加强人员管理，健全服务制度，完善服务功能，推进审批服务事项办理集中化和网上办理审批、缴费、咨询，最大限度缩短办理时间，提高政务服务效率。物价工作要综合运用多种调控手段，不断强化价格监管和服务。全力争取省级价格调节基金项目支持，在县城建设蔬菜冷贮配送中心1处。防震减灾工作要认真落实建设工程抗震设防要求，实现工程抗震设防全覆盖。
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全县抓农村基层党建促脱贫攻坚工作经验材料
***县是大别山连片特困地区片区县～地处皖西南边陲～皖鄂赣三省交界处～总控制面积1357平方公里～辖10个乡镇、118个村、17个社区～人口63.5万,党员28033名～其中农村党员23087名,基层党组织1217个～其中党委13个、党总支157个、党支部1047个。2014年～按照精准扶贫的要求全面进行建档立卡～全县识别贫困村60个、贫困户3.62万户12.74万人。2014—2015年共减贫1.13万户4.56万人～到2015年底～全县贫困户及贫困人口已减至2.47万户8.14万人。近年来，***县坚持把脱贫攻坚作为主战场～把强化责任落实、措施落细、服务落小、考核落准作为党建助推脱贫攻坚的着力点～扎实推进农村基层党建与脱贫攻坚深度融合。
一、主要做法
,一,坚持目标引领～把责任落实。中央和省、市脱贫攻坚大会后～县委、县政府明确提出将脱贫攻坚作为“十三五”时期“六大攻坚战”之一～紧扣全面建成小康社会目标～用3年左右时间实现县摘帽、村出列、户脱贫。围绕这一目标～层层压紧压实包保帮扶责任。建立了县、乡镇、村、组四级党员干部联系包保责任制～把责任扛在肩上。目前～39名县级领导干部分别联系1-3个贫困村～全县7155名党员干部、职工共包保帮扶14124个贫困户～其中县级领导干部每人帮扶6户～科级领导干部每人帮扶4户～一般干部、职工每人帮扶
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2户～学校、医院行管人员和教师、医生中的党员每人帮扶1户～驻望条管单位干部、职工每人帮扶1户～村级干部每人帮扶3户。2015年～各级包村帮扶单位共向贫困村捐款90.54万元～安排项目帮扶资金112万元。强化驻村扶贫工作队建设～选优配强贫困村党组织第一书记。
,二,坚持问题导向～把措施落细。针对贫困村、贫困户致贫的原因及存在的问题～进行把脉问诊～实行分类施策～认真贯彻“五大”发展理念～全面落实“五大”脱贫计划～重点从五个方面推进。一是实施产业扶贫。以创建全国木本油料重点县为契机～推进油茶、薄壳山核桃等特色种植业～全县计划发展20万亩～2015年已发展4万亩,有力地促进村级集体经济发展和贫困户增收。如～鸦滩镇望马楼村大力发展油茶种植～并通过村党总支牵头、村干部领办、村民入股等方式～成立了油茶合作社资金互助部～截至2015年底已累计为本村农户提供互助资金1750多万元～村集体也因此年增收近60万元。按照“精准扶贫不让一个少数民族掉队”的要求～在全县唯一的少数民族村——漳湖镇回民村发展黄牛、青年鸭、薄壳山核桃等种养产业～并依托“中国少数民族特色村寨”品牌发展乡村旅游。二是实施就业扶贫。充分发挥***纺织服装产业优势～通过基层党组织和党员的牵线搭桥～先后吸纳贫困劳动力1200多人到申洲针织、童装产业基地就业。三是实施光伏扶贫。实行60个贫困村光伏电站全覆盖～建成5000户贫困户光伏电站～并通过农业发展银行融资推进光伏项目向非贫困村延伸。四是实施电商扶贫。利用电商扶贫试点县平台～依托
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电子商务公共服务中心、特产中国1号店〃***馆～发展农村电子商务。五是实施农民专业合作组织带动扶贫。把支部建在产业链上～大力加强农民专业合作社党建～如全国农民专业合作社示范社——***县金穗种植专业合作社～在党组织的引领推动下～流转土地2.6万亩～带动1600多户贫困户增收致富。
,三,坚持机制搞活～把服务落小。一是打造农村党员干部助力脱贫攻坚“一公里”服务圈。全面推行以打造脱贫攻坚“一公里”服务圈为目标的农村党员干部网格化管理～确保贫困户在“一公里”范围内有贫有人扶、有困有人帮、有难有人救、有问有人答、有事有人解。与此同时～通过实施网格化管理～一些贫困户的信访问题得到了及时有效化解～有力促进了基层社会和谐稳定～***的信访维稳工作也进入了全市先进行列。二是落实村级干部助力脱贫攻坚各项保障。在全县135个村,社区,全面建成规范化村级便民服务中心的基础上～2016年县财政及县管党费将投入4200多万元～用于提升村级保障水平。2016年～村主职干部的报酬待遇将达到3.4万元～一般干部的报酬待遇达到3万元,确保3000人以下的村基本运转经费不低于5万元、3000-5000人的村不低于7万元、5000人以上的村不低于9万元,继续实施村级干部参加城镇职工养老保险全覆盖。三是激发村级干部助力脱贫攻坚内生动力。从2016年开始～每年评选10名优秀村党组织书记～重点向脱贫攻坚工作实绩突出的倾斜～对特别优秀的～安排进入乡镇领导班子～并比照副乡镇长工资水平确定其报酬。
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,四,坚持导向鲜明～把考核落准。突出精准考核～制定脱贫攻坚考核办法～将考核结果与干部使用挂钩～充分发挥考核的导向作用。加强乡镇和县直部门扶贫工作考核～对扶贫实绩突出的优先提拔使用,对未能完成年度扶贫开发目标任务的实行“一票否决”～对其党政主要负责同志不予评先评优～3年内不提拔、不重用或调离。加强对行业扶贫和定点帮扶工作的考核～对工作不称职的领导干部和驻村工作队队长及时进行调整。对弄虚作假搞“数字脱贫”的～严肃问责。推行村级干部、普通党员、村民组长“千分制”或“百分制”量化考核～推动农村基层党员干部全面进入脱贫攻坚主战场。各乡镇坚持每年开展一次村级班子“回头看”活动～对抓脱贫攻坚不力的村级干部及时进行调整处理。
二、存在的主要问题
目前～在抓党建促脱贫攻坚工作中～有少数贫困村党组织观念陈旧～缺乏发展意识～依赖思想较重～在如何利用自身优势引导农民增收致富方面思考不多、谋划不够,部分农村党员年龄偏大、文化程度偏低～缺乏带头致富、带领致富能力～不能有效发挥党员在脱贫攻坚中的先锋模范作用,少数村级干部在集体资产处臵、管理使用民生工程资金和政策性涉农资金上存在优亲厚友、虚报冒领等违规违纪现象。此外～还存在以下三个方面较为突出的问题:
1、乡镇村撤并力度大～基层组织管理服务难以有效覆盖。***乡镇、村撤并力度大【由原来的21个乡镇359个村,社区,撤并至10个乡镇135个村,社区,】～在有效精简机构和人员的同时～也
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导致基层党组织服务管理的半径过大～其辐射带动能力受到制约～一些便民利民的基本公共服务难以实现及时有效覆盖。
2、村级集体经济普遍薄弱～村级组织为民办事的实力不足。***作为大别山扶贫开发片区县～村级集体经济普遍薄弱～村级组织在开展公益事业、改善村内基础设施建设方面缺乏资金保障～往往是心有余而力不足。
3、农村基层组织对贫困户留守儿童关爱不到位～极易引起贫困的代际传递。部分农村基层党组织、社会组织及群团组织关爱留守儿童的职责没有很好落实～对贫困家庭特别其中的离异家庭的留守儿童关爱不到位～导致这些留守儿童往往存在心理缺陷、安全隐患、学习成绩滑坡等问题～极易引起贫困的代际传递。
三、几点意见建议
1、要进一步提高农村党员干部的带富能力。建议针对基层实际～进一步下沉教育培训资源～突出现代农业、集体经济发展等方面的教育培训～不断提高农村基层党员干部引领群众脱贫致富的能力。
2、要进一步加强农村基层组织规范化运行的制度建设。针对脱贫攻坚中容易发生腐败的领域～切实加强基层组织规范化运行的制度机制建设～防止农村基层干部在扶贫项目建设和资金管理使用方面优亲厚友、以权谋私～确保每一分“造血钱”、“救命钱”都真正用到贫困村发展和贫困人口脱贫上。
3、要进一步加大对发展壮大村级集体经济的支持力度。建议在村级发展集体经济的项目规划、立项审批、运行指导、金融支持、政
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策激励等方面～出台一些更具刚性的政策措施～并对***这样乡镇村撤并力度较大的贫困县～在资金和项目的安排上给予倾斜照顾。
4、要进一步发挥各类社会组织在关爱农村留守儿童中的能动作用。探索创新相关工作机制～着力引导各类社会组织、群团组织在关爱农村留守儿童特别是贫困家庭留守儿童中～切实担负起应有的社会责任。
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范文二：八年级英语(时态)
八年级英语 (时态 )
1. ( ) 1 We won't go to the Great Wall if it ___ tomorrow.
A. snows B. snowed C. snow D. will snow ( ) 2 We won't come back until we ___ the work.
A. shall finish B. have finished C. will finish D. finish ( ) 3 Could you ring me up as soon as he ___?
A. arrived B. would arrive C. arrives D. will arrive ( ) 4 I will not help you with your English if I ___ time tomorrow.
A. don't have B. will not have C. am not D. won't ( ) 5 The next time you ___ his parents, tell them I want to see them as soon as possible.
A. meet B. will meet C. are going to meet D. met ( ) 6 The key will be left on the table when I ___.
A. left B. leave C. will leave D. am leaving ( ) 7 When you ___ used to the weather here, you will ___ this place.
A. will get; like B. have got; like
C. get; liked D. get; will like
2.
( ) 1 He lived there before he ___ to China.
A. come B. comes C. came D. coming ( ) 2 I ____ very hard when I was young.
A. study B. studied C. had studied D. shall study ( ) 3 A girl ___ the wallet and ___.
A. found; turns it in B. would find; has turned in it C. found; turned it in D. has found; turned in it
( ) 4 I ___ the blackboard but ___ nothing on it.
A. looked at; saw B. have looked; saw
C. saw; looked at D. was looking at; was seeing ( ) 5 I have no idea what ___ while I was asleep.
A. has happened B. was happened C. happened D.had happened ( ) 6 He said he would help me with my maths if he ' free.
A. was B. will be C. would be D. is
3.
( ) 1 When he was young he ____ swim in the river.
A. used B. used to C. uses D. use
( ) 2 He ____ at six, but now at five.
A. used to get up B. used to getting up
C., .used get up D. was used to get up
( ) 3 The old man ___ out for a walk in the evening.
A. used to going B. go C. is used to going D. will go 4.
( )1 When we came in, they___their lessons.
A. are not doing B. weren't doing C. not were doing D have done
( )2 My father___ his clothes, but he is repairing his car.
A. doesn't wash B. isn't washing
C. is washing D. wasn't washing
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( ) 1 ___the Blacks ___TV at seven yesterday?
A. Did; watch B. Are, watching
C. Were; watching D. Do; watch
( ) 2 The scientist___ a walk in his garden at four last Sunday.
A. was taking B. would take C. took D. was taken ( ) 3 What___ from nine to ten last night?
A. did you do B. had you done
C. have you done D. were you doing
( ) 4 While Tom___ a football match, his sister was reading an interesting story in her room.
A. was watching B. is watching
C. has watched D. had watched
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( ) 1 When Miss Zhao came into the classroom, the students___.
A. talked B. were talking C. talking D. talk
( ) 2 When Mary came to see me, I___ the music.
A. am listening to B. listened to
C. was listening to D. was listening
( ) 3 When I arrived there, you___volleyball.
A. has already played B. played
C. were playing D. would play
( ) 4 When I knocked at the door, my mother___.
A. cooked B. cooking C. was cooking D. cook
( ) 5 We heard a cry when we ___ TV last night.
A. were watching B. would watch C. watch D. watched 7
( )1 Mary was drawing a horse on the blackboard when I ___ in.
A. have come B. came C. am coming D. come ( )2 The little boy ___ when I came into the room.
A. is drawing B. draws C. has drawn D. was drawing ( )3 I ___ the floor when my father came in.
A. was sweeping B. swept C. sweeping D. am sweeping ( )4 They ___ a meeting when I saw them.
A. had B. have had C. were having D. are having 知识点小结:
练习与实践:
一、首字母填空
1. Do you know who w_______ the girls’ 100-metre race?
2. Mr. Li is a businessman. He often f________ to different countries.
3. There is a big table in the c________ of the hall.
4. These years many young people volunteers to work in the w __________ part of China.
5. Mrs. Wang has taught for twenty years. She has twenty-year teaching e_______.
6. – Do you know the news?
--Yes. I have j_________ heard it.
7. The old man’ s children all work in other places, so he lives a______________.
8. No one knows that. It’ s a s______________.
9. I ’ m sorry I don’ t have many books, but only s_____________.
10. We know the sun has eight p___________.
11. We haven’ t d_____________ who took away our books.
二、填空选择
( ) 1. – I have been to the Great Wall.
--_______? When did you go?
A. Is it B. Really C. Are you D. Great
( ) 2. – Have you ever seen the TV play?
--_________. Is it interesting?
A. No, I don’ t B. Yes, I do
C. No, I haven’ t D. Yes, I have
( ) 3. I have dreamed of _____ part in the 2008 Olympic Games.
A. take B. to take C. took D. taking
( ) 4. -- ______ you ever ______ Disneyland in Los Angeles?
--No, never.
A. Did; visit B. Are; visiting C. Have; visited D. Will; visit ( ) 5. Mount Tai is very beautiful. It _____ famous in the world now.
A. has been B. was C. seem D. has
( ) 6. – There is nobody here. Let’ s play football.
--No, we can’ t. My father often tells me ______ in the street. It’ s dangerous. A. to play B. don’ t play
C. not to play D. not play
( ) 7. – Have you visited Qingdao?
--Yes. This is ________ time to visit it.
A. third B. thirdly C. my third D. my the third ( ) 8. – Is that Jack speaking?
--Sorry, he isn’ t in right now. He _______ the cinema with his aunt.
A. has been to B. has gone to
C. have been to D. have gone to
( ) 9. Nanjing is a city with many places of interest. ______ tourists come here every year.
A. Thousand of B. Thousand C. Thousands D. Thousands of
( ) 10. – How many people are there in Changsha?
--About six ________.
A. million B. millions C. millions of
( ) 11. Mike _____ the bookshop. I have to wait for him.
A. went to B. was in C. has been to D. has gone to ( ) 12. – Who will be ______ duty tomorrow?
--Susan will.
A. at B. on C. for D. in
( ) 13. You’ ll do much better _______ you’ re more careful with your spelling. A. if B. before C. although D. unless
( ) 14. “ Where is Dad, Mum?” “ He _____ to the factory.”
A. has been B. went C. goes D. has gone
三、阅读理解
A. In the universe, as we know, there is the sun, the moon, the earth and a good many stars. Through our geography lessons, we know the earth goes round then sun, and the moon goes round the earth. We have day and night because the earth keeps turning all the time. When our part of the earth turns to the sun, it is day. When our part of the earth turns away from the sun, it is night. Just because the moon is closer to the earth than the sun, it looks much bigger than the sun. Big things will look smaller when they are farther, and small things also look bigger when they are nearer.
The sun is bright enough to give out very strong light. The moon can’ t give any light at all, but it looks quite bright, too. Why? In fact, the light from the moon comes from the sun. The moon looks much bigger and bright than the stars. But actually the stars are much bigger and brighter than the moon. They look smaller that the moon also because they are farther away from the earth. There are still many other planets in the universe. But of all these planets, only on the earth there are living things and people can only live on the earth, too. But at 9: 00 a.m. on October 15th 2003, Chinese pilot Yang Liwei was sent up to space. He stayed there for 21 hours. It was the first time for Chinese to get into space.
( ) 1. We find the sun ____ than the moon because it is _____ to us. A. bigger; farther B. smaller; closer
C. bigger; closer D. smaller; farther
( ) 2. When our part of the earth turns away from the sun, the other part of the earth is _______.
A. night B. day
C. evening D. Sunday
( ) 3. People and living things can live on the _________.
A. earth B. Mars C. moon D. sun
( ) 4. When did the pilot from our country return to the earth?
A. On November 15th ,2002
B. On October 16th , 2003
C. On May 5th , 2004
D. On October 15th , 2003
( ) 5. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. The moon goes round the earth, and it can’ t give out any light at all.
B. The moon goes round the sun, and its light is from the sun.
C. The earth moves round the moon, and people can live only on the earth
D. Of all the planets, only the earth moves round the sun.
B. One day the sun and the wind had a quarrel. The sun said he was stronger than the wind, and the wind said he was stronger than the sun. Just then they saw a man. The man was walking with a coat on. The sun said, “ Let ’ s see who can make the man take off his coat. If you can do that quicker than I, then you are stronger.” “ All right,” said the wind, “I’ll try first.” So the wind began t blow. But the harder he blew the tighter the man held his coat. The wind could not make the man take off his coat.
The sun tried. Soon the man took off his coat. Then the wind said to the sun ” That ’ s enough. You’ re stronger than I.”
A. 根据短文内容, 判断正误。
( ) 1. The sun and the wind had a meeting one day.
( ) 2. The wind said, “I am stronger than the sun at last.”
( ) 3. The sun and the wind tried to make the man put on his coat.
( ) 4. After the wind tried, the man took off his coat.
( ) 5. The man took off his coat at last.
C. 根据短文内容,用下面的语句填空。
1. The sun and the wind didn’ t know, _________________________________.
2. When they saw a man walking with a coat on, ________________________.
3. The wind began to blow hard, _____________________________________.
4. When the sun was shining, ________________________________________.
5. The sun won the game, __________________________________________.
A. but he didn’ t make the man take off his coat.
B. Because the sun was cleverer than the wind.
C. They decided to play a game
D. The man had to take off his coat
E. Who was stronger than the other
任务型阅读:
Every year, thousands of students choose to study in another country for a term, the summer, or a year. Studying overseas can be an exciting experience for many people. Why do it
Living in another country can help you learn a language, and about another culture. You will see the world in a new way, and learn more about yourself. Overseas study may also look good on your future resume. Many companies today want employees who speak a second language, or have experienced living or working in another country.
Making the right choice
Once you decide to study overseas, you have to make some choices. To choose the right country or school, ask yourself: Where do I want to go and why? How much do I want to pay? How long do I want to study overseas? Do I want to live with roommates, alone or somewhere else?
Getting ready to go
Get your passport and visa(签证 ) early! Before you go, learn some of the language, and read about some common customs in the country that you are going to. Learn about the money. Bring some of it, and a credit card with you.
Once you are there
After the first few weeks overseas, many students will feel a little homesick. They may miss their family, friends, and familiar ways of doing things. Remember that it takes time to get used to a new place, school, and culture. When you feel sad or homesick, try to speak to others, or write about your feelings in a notebook.
1. Where can studying bring many people an exciting experience?
_________________________________________________________ 2. Who want employees that are good at foreign languages?
_________________________________________________________ 3. What should you do if you decide to study abroad?
__________________________________________________________ 4. What do you have to get before you are ready to go?
__________________________________________________________ 5. What can you do when you feel sad or homesick?
四、首字母填空
Fire can help people in many ways. But it can be very h______________. Fire can make water hot and the house warm, give light and cook food. But fire burns t________, too. It can make trees, houses and other things catch fire. If some people can ’ t run away from fire. It can kill them. This can be s________ in every country. Sometimes fire can burn forests and d________ many tall buildings.
Nobody knows c_________ when people began to make fire, but there are many interesting stories about the first time a man or a woman s________ a fire. One story from Australia tells about a man who, a long time ago, went up to the sun and b________ fire down.
Today people know how to make a fire with matches. C______ sometimes like to play with them. But matches can be very d___________. The match can burn a piece of paper and then it can burn a house. A small fire can become a big fire. Fire k________ many people every year. So you must be careful with fire.
范文三：八年级英语时态总结
八年级英语时态总结
八年级英语时态总结
1.discuss(名词) discussion 2.queen(对应词)
king.oh100.fortable(名词) fort 4.safely (形容词) safe (名词)
safety( 二 ) 词的辨析1. find out / look for / find 2. cost / pay for / spend on3. other /else 4. raise /rise5.each /every
6.exciting / excited
(三)重点词组:1.go on a visit to 去??旅行2. make the
decision 做决定3.bring back 带回4.go on a field trip 去野外
旅行5.decide on (upon) sth 对某事做出决定6 see the sunrise 看
日出7. make a reservation 预订8. e up with 想出(主意)9. look
forward to (doing) sth 期望10. pay for 支付;赔偿11. raise
money 筹钱12. book a ticket 订票13. make a room for sb 为??
订房间14. have a wonderful time 玩得愉快15. in the daytime 在
白天16. a two-day visit 为期两天的旅行17.find out 查出18.
some places of interest 名胜19. rooms with bathtub 带浴室的
房间20.a hard (soft) sleeper 硬(软)卧21.my pleasure 不客气
二.重点句型及重点语言点1. I have some exciting news to tell you. 我有一些激动人心的消息要告诉你们。to tell you 是动词不
定式短语， 作定语。动词不定式作定语时常放在被修饰的名词或代
词之后。如:
I have nothing to talk about. He has a lot of work to do.2.
Sounds great!= It sounds great! 听起来不错。3. We will go on
a two-day visit to Mount Tai. 我们将要去泰山玩两天。go on a
visit to 去参观/旅游 They went to a visit to Egypt last year.类似有:
go on a trip / go on a picnica two-day visit 为期两天的旅
行 a two-month holiday 两个月的假期an eighteen-year-old boy 一个18岁的男孩4.It’s hard to say. 这很难说。To say 是动词
不定式作主语，It 是形式主语。如:
It’s nice to meet you.5. I’ll ask the airline on the phone.
我将打电话问问航空公司。同义句是:
I’ll phone and ask the airline.6. Bring back your information to clatomorrow and we’ll decide on the best way to go on our field trip. 明天把你们查到的信息带到班上来，然
后我们来决定最好的郊游方式。bring back 带回。Please bring back
your library books tomorrow.decide on/upon sth 决定，选定
We’re trying to decide on a school.7.It’s too far for cycling. 骑自行车去路太远了。同义句是:
It’ too far to cycle there.8.How long does it take to reach Mount Tai by??乘??去泰山要花多长时间?9.How much does it
cost to go there ?去那里要花多少钱?How much does a standard
room cost ? 一个标准间的价格是多少?10.We have tickets at 120
yuan for the hard sleeper and 180 yuan for the soft sleeper.我们的票价是硬卧120元，软卧是180元。at 意为“以??”，一
般用于表示价格，年龄，速度等词的前面，for 意为“供，适合于”。
I’ve got tickets at 80 yuan for The Sound of Music.11.I’d like to book 20 tickets for the hard sleeper. 我要预订20张硬卧票。
20 tickets for the hard sleeper= 20 hard sleeper ticketsbook tickets 预订票 book a room for sb/sth 为??预订房间e.g. We
want to book some rooms for 14th. 我们想预订一些14号的房间。
12.Please pay for the tickets before 5:30 p.m. 请在下午5:
30之前付款。Pay for 支付 pay for sb to do sth 付钱给某人
做某事e.g. Her parents paid for her to go to America.她的父
母支付她去美国的费用.13. I want to make a hotel reservation. 我想预订房间。make a reservation 预订14. We have rooms with
a bathtub? 我们有带浴缸??的房间。with 有或带着 a house
with a swimming poola standard room with two single beds15.It’s very mon to raise money in Canadian and American schools. 在加拿大和美国的学校里筹钱是很正常的。raise money
筹钱 We can raise the money ourselves.16.It costs each student one dollar to buy a ticket for the draw.每一个学生花一美元便
可买到一张抽奖的票。
(1)each 作主语，谓语用单数 Each of the students spends one dollar buying a ticket..
(2)用于单数名词前，作定语，谓语用单数。Each student has their
own e-mail address.
(3)用于复数主语后，作主语同位语，谓语用复数。They each have
their own e-mail address.17. I am looking forward to hearing from you . 我盼望收到你的来信。Look forward to 盼望，期待 They
are looking forward to solving the problem.三.重点语法动词不
定式
(1) 动词不定式常跟这些及物动词之后，want ,refuse, forget,
need , try, learn , like, agree, help, hope ,decide, begin等。可用顺口溜(要想拒绝忘记，需要努力学习，喜欢同意帮助，希
望决定开始)
(2) 不定式的否定形式是在to的前面直接加not. My mother
decided not to buy a puter for me.
(3) 不定式可以和疑问词who , which ,when, where ,how, what等连用。 Can you tell me what to say at the meeting ? I don’t know how to get to the station.
(4) 本topic出现的句子有:
I have some exciting news to tell you.I want to make a hotel reservation.It is very mon to raise money in Canadian and American schools.The best way to raise money is to sell newspa-pe-rs.I think the most exciting way is to sell flowers in the evening.Kangkang helped us to book the train tickets.Topic2 How about exploring the Ming Tombs ?
一、重点词汇:
(一)词形转换:
1.explore(名词) explore 2. east (形容词) eastern3.north(形
容词) northern 4. push (反义词) pull5.sadly(形容词) sad (名
词) sadne6. crowd (形容词) crowded
(二)重点词组:1.make a plan 拟定计划2. make sure 确信，确
保3. e along with 和??一起来4. at the foot of 在??的脚
下5. be surprised at 对??感到惊奇6. be satisfied with
对??感到满意7. out of sight 看不见8. step on one’s toes 踩
着某人的脚9. can’t help doing sth 忍不住做某事10. spread
over 分布于11.rush out 冲出去12.raise one’s head 抬头13.ask
sb for help 向某人求助14.thank goodne谢天谢地二. 重点句型及
重点语言点1. While you were enjoying your trip, I was busy preparing for my exams.当你在旅行时， 我正忙于准备考试。
(1)be busy doing sth,/ be busy with sth 忙于做某事I’m busy
preparing for my birthday party these days.
(2)while 当??时候，引导时间状语从句。当一个动作在正在进
行时，另一个动作也同时进行。While my mother was cooking , I was watching TV.2.Would you help me plan a trip ? 请你帮我定个旅
行计划好吗?Would you 比will you 语气更加客气，委婉, 类似还
有could youCould you e along with us ?3. They surveyed the area to make sure their tombs faced south and had mountains at the back. 他们仔细勘测了整个区域，确保这些陵墓是坐北朝南，而且在
背后有群山环绕。make sure 确信，确保 Make sure all the windows
are closed before you leave.4.It’s about two and a half hours by bike. 骑自行车大约要2个半小时。Two and a half hours = two
hours and a half5.It’s to the east of Yongling. 它在永陵的东面。to the +方位词+of (表示互不接壤) Japan is to the east of
China.on the +方位词+of (表示相互接壤)Fujian is on the south
of Zhejang .in the +方位词+of 表示在某一范围内的地区 Beijing
is in the north of China.6.They walked into Dingling and were surprised at the wonders. 他们走进定陵，对那里的奇观感到很惊
奇。be surprised at 对??感到很惊奇 He is surprised at
dragons.be surprised to do sth 惊奇地做某事 She was surprised
to find she was lost.7.?so they had to look for space to park
their bikes 他们不得不寻找停自行车的地方space 空间 Can you
make space for this old man ?8. While the crowd was pushing him in different directions, someone stepped on his toes.当人群
从四面八方挤来时，有人踩了他的脚。in one’s direction 朝着某
人的方向 step on one’s toes踩了某人的脚step on sth 踩某物
Don’t step on the flowers and grass.9.When he finally rushed
out of the crowd, he noticed his friends were both out of sight.当他最后冲出人群时，他注意到他的两个朋友都不见了。notice sb do
sth 注意某人做了某事 notice sb doing sth注意某人正在做某事
10. As soon as the three boys saw each other, they all jumped up happily.三个男孩一见面，就高兴得跳了起来。as soon as 引导
时间状语从句 意为“一??就”He left as soon as he heard the
news.I’ll tell him as soon as I see him.11.He didn’t raise his head until someone called his name. 直到有人喊他的名字，
他才抬起头。 not ?until 直到??才12.They were so lovely that
we couldn’t help playing with them.它们太可爱了，我们禁不住
和它们一起玩。can’t help doing sth 忍不住做某事 When I heard
the funny news, I couldn’t help laughing.13. I am satisfied with everything in China. 我对在中国的一切感到满意。]be
satisfied with 对??感到满意 He is satisfied with my work.14.. We even asked the guard for help. 我们甚至向保安寻求帮助。ask
sb for help 向某人求助 The lost boy asked the police for help.三.重点语法 时间状语从句1。引导词:
(1) when, while , as 当??时候. when 后可跟短暂性动词也可
跟延续性动词;while 后跟延续性动词;as 多用于口语，强调同一时
间，或一前一后。The students were talking in the classroom when the teacher came in.= While the students were talking in the classroom , the teacher came in. 学生在教室里谈话时，老师进
来了。Mother always sings as she cooks dinner for us. 妈妈总
是边给我们做饭边唱歌。
(2)not ? until 直到??才，主句谓语动词常用短暂性动词。I
won’t leave here until the rain stops.He didn’t sleep until his mother came back home.
(3) after 在??之后，before 在??之前，as soon as 一??
就I went to sleep after I finished my homework..= I finished my homework before I went to sleep.As soon as the bell rings , the students will go into the classroom.2. 时态
(1)当主句为一般过去时时，从句常用过去的某种时态。While I was
doing my homework , the telephone rang.
(2)当主句的时态为一般将来时， 从句用一般现在时。I will call
you as soon as I get to Beijing.本topic出现的句子有:
1.While you were enjoying your trip, I was busy preparing for my exams.2.He didn’t raise his head until someone called his name.3.While the crowd was pushing him in different directions, someone stepped on his toes..4. As soon as the three boys saw each other, they all jumped up happily.5.After they rode their bikes for two and a half hours, Kangkanf , Michael and Darren arrived at the Ming Tombs.6.As they were exploring happily, the crowd became larger and larger.
范文四：八年级英语时态专项练习
用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。
1. Listen! who________ (sing) in the music room? Oh, Mary____ (sing) there.
2. –_____ your parents ___ ( do ) sports yesterday? –Yes, they _________.
3. When I returned home, he ___________ (leave).
4. Please come to our meeting if you ______ (be) free tomorrow.
5. She _____ (not be) in the library just now, she ___ (write) a letter to her parents.
6. There _______ (be) a meeting tomorrow afternoon.
7. We ____ (have) a piano lesson on Saturdays, but this Saturday we ____ (have) a piano lesson.
8. (go) round the earth.
9. The day after tomorrow they _____ (have) a volleyball match.
10. We ____ (come) to the cinema and _______ (see) a wonderful film last night.
三、按要求改写句子。
划线部分提问) _________________________
2. There will be a supermarket in the future. (改为一般疑问句, 并作否定回答) ____________________________________? ______________________.
3. Lucy is going to (划线部分提问) __________________________
1. 他总是帮助别人。 He________________ others.
2. 这些日子他们一直在看书。They_______________ books these days.
3. 我6点钟要到火车站接汤姆。 I__________________ Tom at the station at six.
4. 她学习很努力。此刻她在复习考试She _______ very hard. At this moment, she _______the test.
5. 这个暑假亚当去了海南。Adam ____________ Hainan this summer holiday.
一、用所给词的适当形式填空：
1．He______ swimming in the river every day in summer. (go)
2.It________you are right. (seem)
3.Look, the children______ basketball on the playground. ( play )
4.He______to the radio when I came in, ( listen )
5.It is very cold .I think it______ . ( rain )
6. —I need some paper . —I______ some for you . ( bring )
7.I can’t find my pen . Who______ it ? ( take )
8.He said that he______ back in five minutes . ( come )
9.I didn’t meet him. He______ when I got there. ( leave )
10.I______my bike, so I have to walk to school. ( lose )
11.He______down and began to read his newspaper. ( sit )
12.He is very hungry. He_________ anything for three days. ( not eat )
13.I______with you if I have time . ( go )
14.We will go to the cinema if it______ fine . (be )
15.I will tell her the news when she______ to see me next week. (come)
16. ― When______ you______ the car ?‖ ― In 1998 . ‖( buy )
17.We______good friends since we met at school . （be ）
18.What______you______ at five yesterday afternoon ? (do)
19.The bike is nice . How much______ it______? (cost)
二、选择最佳答案填空
（ ）1.We’ll go swimming if the weather______ fine tomorrow.
A. is B. was C. will be D .is going to be
（ ）2.It______five years since he has left for Beijing.
A. was B. has been C. is D. is going to be
（ ）3.Please don’t leave the office until your friend______ back.
A. came B. comes C. have come D. will come
（ ）4.By the end of last year he______ about 1500 English words.
A. learns B. learned C. was learning D. had learned
（ ）5.Listen ! Someone______ in the next room
.A. cried B. crying C. is crying D . has cried
（ ）6.You must tell him the news as soon as you______ him.
A. see B. sees C. will see D. is seeing
（ ）7.He told me that he______ to see us the next day.
A. comes B. came C. will come D. would come
（ ）8.We can’t find him anywhere . Perhaps he______ home.
A. is going B. went C. has come D. would come
（ ）9.The teacher told us that the sun______ bigger than the earth.
A. is B. was C. has been D. will be
（ ）10.Could you tell me where the railway station_____?
A. was B. is C. will be D. would be
（ ）11.We______to the Great Wall several times.
A. go B. were going C. have gone D. have been
（ ）12.It seemed that the old man______ for something over there.
A. looks B. looked C. was looking D. has looked
（ ）13.He was sure that he______ his wallet in the office .
A. left B. would leave C. had left D. has left
（ ）14.You must study hard if you______ want to fail the exam.
A. won’t B. don’t C. haven’t D. hadn’t
（ ）15. —I’m afraid you can’t sit here . —Sorry , I______ know.
A. don’t B. won’t C. can’t D. didn’t
（ ）16. As she______ the newspaper , Granny______ asleep.
A. read , was falling B. fell C. was reading , was falling D. read , fell （ ）17. —Jim is not coming tonight . —But he______ !
A. promises（许诺）B. promised C. will promise D. had promised
（ ）18. —What’s her name? —I______.
A. forget B. forgot C. had forgotten D. am forgetting
三、动词时态能力综合测试
（ ）1.He often______ his clothes on Sundays.
A. washing B. washes C. has washed D. wash
（ ）2.I’m Chinese. Where______ from?
A. do you come B. you are coming C. you come D. are you coming （ ）3.May______to school.
A. never walks B. is never walking C. walk never D. never is walking
（ ）4.We will start as soon as our teacher______ .
A. comes B. will come C. come D. is coming
（ ）5.How long ago______ playing football?
A. have you stopped B. had you stopped C. did you stop D. do you stop （ ）6.It______ hard when I left my house .
A. is raining B. rains C. was raining D. will rain
（ ）7.I think this question______ to answer.
A. easy B. is easy C. was easy D. will easy
（ ）8. Don’t talk so loudly . Your father______.
A. sleeps B. is sleeping C. slept D. had slept
（ ）9.How many people does the doctor know who______ of the disease (疾病) ？
A. are dying B. is dying C. has died D. dies
（ ）10.I______my homework now.
A. finish B. finished C. have finished D. had finished
（ ）11.He______for three years.
A. has joined B. has been in the army C. joined D. has served the army （ ）12.His grandfather______ for thirty years.
A. died B. was dead C. has been dead D. has died
（ ）13.I______ from my brother for a long time.
A. not have heard B. have not heard C. have heard not D. do not hear （ ）14.Maths, one of the most important subjects, __always interested him.
A. has B. have C. are D. is
（ ）15. —Did your brother go to America last year? —______.
A. No , he did never go there B. No , he has never gone here
C. No , he never was there D. No , he’s never been there
（ ）17.Our teacher______ to Beijing three times.
A. went B. had gone C. has gone D. has been
（ ）18.Last week John_____ _his leg.
A. felt and broken B. fell and broke C. feels and breaks D. fallen and broken （ ）19.Jack______his thick coat because it was snowing.
A. puts on B. put on C. takes on D. took on
（ ）20.He______the picture on the wall.
A. hanged B. hung C. has hanged D. was hanged
（ ）21.Next month_____ _twenty five.
A. has my sister B. my sister will be
C. my sister shall have D. my sister is going to be
（ ）22.You______her again in a few weeks.
A. will see B. have seen C. had seen D. have been seen
（ ）23. By the end of last term we______ English for two years.
A. have studied B. have been studied C. would studied D. had studied
（ ）24.Mrs. Brown______ in New York for three years before she went to London.
A. lived B. had lived C. has lived D. will live
（ ）25.When we arrived , the dinner______.
A. already began B. has already begun
C. had already begun D. was just begun
（ ）26.I will go home for the holiday as soon as I______ my exams.
A. will finish B. finish C. finishing D. finished （ ）27.When___, I’ll talk to him.
A. does Peter come B. Peter will come C. Peter comes D. can Peter come （ ）28.My sister____ to see me . She’ll be here soon.
A. comes B. is coming C. had come D. came
（ ）29.They said they______ our answer the next day .
A. had heard B. would hear of C. would hear D. will hear （ ）30.The old man said that light______ faster than sound.
A. went B. will go C. travels D. will travel
1.___ you ____ (read) this story book before ?
2. My mother __ (go) out .She 's doing shopping in town.
3. The car doesn't move. What _______ I _______ (do)?
4. Let's run and seen who _______ (get) to the finishing line first.
5. Little Tom ______(draw) every evening after supper but he ______ (not draw ) at the moment.
6. "Listen! Who___ (sing) in the next room?" "Maybe it is Wang Lin. She likes ______ (sing) a lot ."
7. Lucy _______ (not finish) her work yet. She _______ (do) it now. I _______ (be)
sure she _______ (finish) it soon. After she _______ (finish) it ,we _______ (go) swimming together.
8. The story_____ (happen) many years ago.
9. At night we can always see him _____ (study) in the room .
10. Mr. Brown _______ (be) a soldier since 1984.
11. Nobody _______ (finish) the homework yet.
12. How long _______ you _______ (study) in this school?
13. Every time I ______ (want) to sleep, he ______ (make) some noise and I ____ (be) angry at that.
14. I _______ (forget) to bring my ruler, so I _______ (have) to borrow one.
15. If anybody _______ (break) the model plane, he _______ (have) to pay for it.
16. Michael _______ (be) to the zoo twice this month.
17. I _______ never _______ (see) a zebra before.
18. He usually _______ (get) up early, but he _______ (get) up very late this morning.
19. Tom says he _______ (leave) for Beijing next week if it _______ (not rain).
20. I was doing my homework when the light _______ (go) out.
21. Mr. Smith isn’t in at the moment. He _______ (leave) a moment ago.
22. The students all _______ (stop) talking when the teacher _______ (come) in.
23. He _______ (lose) his pen when he _______ (take) a walk in the park.
24. _______ you _______ (see) a horse with one eye?
25. Li Ping _______ (be) to Taiwan twice.
26. She ____ (lend) them some money several weeks ago. But they _____ (not give) it back.
27. How often _______ Lucy _______ (help) Granny Wang to clean the house?
28. How many times _______ you _______ (see) the film? Not even once. But I _______ (see) it sometime next month. Would you please _______ (go) with me?
29. I ______ (lose) the library book. Fortunately, I _______ (find) it already. But it _______ (be) dirty.
30. Everything _______ (go) well so far.
31. It _______ (take) me a lot of time to do the job. But I _______ (not finish) it yet.
32. Stop _______ (laugh). I _______ (can not hear) what the teacher _______ (say).
33. _______ you _______ (hear) from your cousin? Not yet.
34. It’s the most ______ (frighten) story I _______ ever _______ (hear).
35. Though chocolate ______ (taste) good, my doctor ______ (not allow) me ____ (eat) too much.
36. They ___________(go) to the shopping center already.
37. ---__________ you __________(enjoy) it? --- Yes, I did.
38. Mr Green _____________(not come) back to China yet.
39. Where is my pen? How strange! It _________(be) here just a moment ago.
40. They _____________(not see) the film yet.
41. Look! The children ___________(plant) flowers in the garden.
42. My brother ___________(be) to England twice.
43. I _____________(know) the boy since 1993.
44. I __________ ( not see) you for a long time.
45. Look! The children ______ (plant) flowers in the garden.
46. I ____________ (know) the place for many years.
47. Where is my pen? How strange! It ____________ (be) here just a moment ago.
48. He _________ (give) the book back to you if he _____ (finish) reading it tomorrow.
49. Mr. Dong often ____________ (meet) up with his friends in the new park.
50. How long _____ you ______ (live) in Nanjing since you were ________ (bear)?
51. They only __________ (meet) once. But they were __________ (like) old friends.
范文五：八年级英语时态总结
八年级英语时态总结 八年级英语时态总结
Unit6 Fun Cycling
Topic1 We’re going on a spring field trip 一. 重点词汇
( 一 ) 词形转换:
1.discuss(名词) discussion 2.queen(对应词) king www.oh100.comfortable(名词) comfort 4.safely (形容词) safe
(名词) safety
( 二 ) 词的辨析
1. find out / look for / find 2. cost / pay for / spend on
3. other /else 4. raise /rise
5.each /every 6.exciting / excited
(三)重点词组:
1.go on a visit to 去??旅行
2. make the decision 做决定
3.bring back 带回
4.go on a field trip 去野外旅行
5.decide on (upon) sth 对某事做出决定
6 see the sunrise 看日出
7. make a reservation 预订
8. come up with 想出(主意)
9. look forward to (doing) sth 期望
10. pay for 支付;赔偿
11. raise money 筹钱
12. book a ticket 订票
13. make a room for sb 为??订房间
14. have a wonderful time 玩得愉快
15. in the daytime 在白天
16. a two-day visit 为期两天的旅行
17.find out 查出
18. some places of interest 名胜
19. rooms with bathtub 带浴室的房间
20.a hard (soft) sleeper 硬(软)卧
21.my pleasure 不客气
二.重点句型及重点语言点
1. I have some exciting news to tell you. 我有一些激动人心的
消息要告诉你们。
to tell you 是动词不定式短语， 作定语。动词不定式作定语时常
放在被修饰的名词或代词之后。如: I have nothing to talk about. He has a lot of work to do.
2. Sounds great!= It sounds great! 听起来不错。
3. We will go on a two-day visit to Mount Tai. 我们将要去泰
山玩两天。
go on a visit to 去参观/旅游 They went to a visit to Egypt last year.
类似有:go on a trip / go on a picnic
a two-day visit 为期两天的旅行 a two-month holiday 两个月的
假期
an eighteen-year-old boy 一个18岁的男孩
4.It’s hard to say. 这很难说。To say 是动词不定式作主语，It
是形式主语。
如: It’s nice to meet you.
5. I’ll ask the airline on the phone. 我将打电话问问航空公司。同义句是:
I’ll phone and ask the airline.
6. Bring back your information to clatomorrow and we’ll decide on the best way to go on our field trip. 明天把你们查到的信
息带到班上来，然后我们来决定最好的郊游方式。
bring back 带回。Please bring back your library books tomorrow.
decide on/upon sth 决定，选定 We’re trying to decide on a
school.
7.It’s too far for cycling. 骑自行车去路太远了。同义句是:
It’ too far to cycle there.
8.How long does it take to reach Mount Tai by??乘??去泰山要花多长时间?
9.How much does it cost to go there ?去那里要花多少钱?
How much does a standard room cost ? 一个标准间的价格是多少?
10.We have tickets at 120 yuan for the hard sleeper and 180 yuan
for the soft sleeper.
我们的票价是硬卧120元，软卧是180元。
at 意为“以??”，一般用于表示价格，年龄，速度等词的前面，
for 意为“供，适合于”。I’ve got tickets at 80 yuan for The Sound of Music.
11.I’d like to book 20 tickets for the hard sleeper. 我要预订20张硬卧票。
20 tickets for the hard sleeper= 20 hard sleeper tickets book tickets 预订票 book a room for sb/sth 为??预订房间
e.g. We want to book some rooms for 14th. 我们想预订一些14
号的房间。
12.Please pay for the tickets before 5:30 p.m. 请在下午5:
30之前付款。
Pay for 支付 pay for sb to do sth 付钱给某人做某事
e.g. Her parents paid for her to go to America.她的父母支付
她去美国的费用.
13. I want to make a hotel reservation. 我想预订房间。
make a reservation 预订
14. We have rooms with a bathtub? 我们有带浴缸??的房间。
with 有或带着 a house with a swimming pool
a standard room with two single beds
15.It’s very common to raise money in Canadian and American schools. 在加拿大和美国的学校里筹钱是很正常的。raise money
筹钱 We can raise the money ourselves.
16.It costs each student one dollar to buy a ticket for the draw.每一个学生花一美元便可买到一张抽奖的票。
(1)each 作主语，谓语用单数 Each of the students spends one dollar buying a ticket.. (2)用于单数名词前，作定语，谓语用单
数。Each student has their own e-mail address. (3)用于复数主语后，作主语同位语，谓语用复数。They each have
their own e-mail address.
17. I am looking forward to hearing from you . 我盼望收到你
的来信。
Look forward to 盼望，期待 They are looking forward to solving the problem.
三.重点语法
动词不定式
(1) 动词不定式常跟这些及物动词之后，want ,refuse, forget,
need , try, learn , like, agree, help, hope ,decide, begin等。可用顺口溜(要想拒绝忘记，需要努力学习，喜欢同意帮助，希
望决定开始)
(2) 不定式的否定形式是在to的前面直接加not. My mother decided
not to buy a computer for me.
(3) 不定式可以和疑问词who , which ,when, where ,how, what等
连用。 Can you tell me what to say at the meeting ? I don’t know how to get to the station.
(4) 本topic出现的句子有:
I have some exciting news to tell you.
I want to make a hotel reservation.
It is very common to raise money in Canadian and American schools.
The best way to raise money is to sell newspa-pe-rs. I think the most exciting way is to sell flowers in the evening. Kangkang helped us to book the train tickets.
Topic2 How about exploring the Ming Tombs ?
一、重点词汇:
(一)词形转换:
1.explore(名词) explore 2. east (形容词) eastern 3.north(形容词) northern 4. push (反义词) pull 5.sadly(形容词) sad (名词) sadne6. crowd (形容词) crowded (二)重点词组:
1.make a plan 拟定计划
2. make sure 确信，确保
3. come along with 和??一起来
4. at the foot of 在??的脚下
5. be surprised at 对??感到惊奇
6. be satisfied with 对??感到满意
7. out of sight 看不见
8. step on one’s toes 踩着某人的脚
9. can’t help doing sth 忍不住做某事
10. spread over 分布于
11.rush out 冲出去
12.raise one’s head 抬头
13.ask sb for help 向某人求助
14.thank goodne谢天谢地
二. 重点句型及重点语言点
1. While you were enjoying your trip, I was busy preparing for
my exams.当你在旅行时， 我正忙于准备考试。
(1)be busy doing sth,/ be busy with sth 忙于做某事
I’m busy preparing for my birthday party these days. (2)while 当??时候，引导时间状语从句。当一个动作在正在进行时，另一个动作也同时进行。While my mother was cooking , I was
watching TV.
2.Would you help me plan a trip ? 请你帮我定个旅行计划好吗? Would you 比will you 语气更加客气，委婉, 类似还有could you
Could you come along with us ?
3. They surveyed the area to make sure their tombs faced south and had mountains at the back. 他们仔细勘测了整个区域，确保
这些陵墓是坐北朝南，而且在背后有群山环绕。
make sure 确信，确保 Make sure all the windows are closed before you leave.
4.It’s about two and a half hours by bike. 骑自行车大约要2
个半小时。
Two and a half hours = two hours and a half
5.It’s to the east of Yongling. 它在永陵的东面。
to the +方位词+of (表示互不接壤) Japan is to the east of China. on the +方位词+of (表示相互接壤)Fujian is on the south of
Zhejang .
in the +方位词+of 表示在某一范围内的地区 Beijing is in the
north of China.
6.They walked into Dingling and were surprised at the wonders. 他们走进定陵，对那里的奇观感到很惊奇。
be surprised at 对??感到很惊奇 He is surprised at dragons. be surprised to do sth 惊奇地做某事 She was surprised to find
she was lost.
7.?so they had to look for space to park their bikes 他们不得不寻找停自行车的地方
space 空间 Can you make space for this old man ?
8. While the crowd was pushing him in different directions, someone stepped on his toes.
当人群从四面八方挤来时，有人踩了他的脚。
in one’s direction 朝着某人的方向 step on one’s toes踩了
某人的脚
step on sth 踩某物 Don’t step on the flowers and grass.
9.When he finally rushed out of the crowd, he noticed his friends were both out of sight.
当他最后冲出人群时，他注意到他的两个朋友都不见了。
notice sb do sth 注意某人做了某事 notice sb doing sth注意某
人正在做某事
10. As soon as the three boys saw each other, they all jumped
up happily.
三个男孩一见面，就高兴得跳了起来。
as soon as 引导时间状语从句 意为“一??就”
He left as soon as he heard the news. I’ll tell him as soon as I see him.
11.He didn’t raise his head until someone called his name. 直
到有人喊他的名字，他才抬起头。 not ?until 直到??才
12.They were so lovely that we couldn’t help playing with them.
它们太可爱了，我们禁不住和它们一起玩。
can’t help doing sth 忍不住做某事 When I heard the funny news, I couldn’t help laughing.
13. I am satisfied with everything in China. 我对在中国的一
切感到满意。]
be satisfied with 对??感到满意 He is satisfied with my work. 14.. We even asked the guard for help. 我们甚至向保安寻求帮
助。
ask sb for help 向某人求助 The lost boy asked the police for help.
三.重点语法 时间状语从句
1。引导词:
(1) when, while , as 当??时候. when 后可跟短暂性动词也可跟
延续性动词;while 后跟延续性动词;as 多用于口语，强调同一时间，
或一前一后。
The students were talking in the classroom when the teacher came
in.
= While the students were talking in the classroom , the teacher
came in. 学生在教室里谈话时，老师进来了。
Mother always sings as she cooks dinner for us. 妈妈总是边给
我们做饭边唱歌。
(2)not ? until 直到??才，主句谓语动词常用短暂性动词。
I won’t leave here until the rain stops.
He didn’t sleep until his mother came back home.
(3) after 在??之后，before 在??之前，as soon as 一??就
I went to sleep after I finished my homework..= I finished my homework before I went to sleep.
As soon as the bell rings , the students will go into the classroom.
2. 时态
(1)当主句为一般过去时时，从句常用过去的某种时态。
While I was doing my homework , the telephone rang. (2)当主句的时态为一般将来时， 从句用一般现在时。
I will call you as soon as I get to Beijing.
本topic出现的句子有:
1.While you were enjoying your trip, I was busy preparing for my exams.
2.He didn’t raise his head until someone called his name.
3.While the crowd was pushing him in different directions, someone stepped on his toes.
.4. As soon as the three boys saw each other, they all jumped up happily.
5.After they rode their bikes for two and a half hours, Kangkanf , Michael and Darren arrived at the Ming Tombs.
6.As they were exploring happily, the crowd became larger and larger.
