范文一:美国餐桌礼仪
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美国餐桌礼仪
美国留学生朋友们到了美国,无论如何都离不开饮食,美国餐桌礼仪就变得尤为重要。下面就和澳际美国留学一起聊聊都有哪些美国餐桌礼仪吧。希望同学们能够快速融入美国留学生活,适应美国风俗习惯。
l.应等全体客人面前都上了菜,女主人示意后才开始用餐。在女主人拿起她的勺子或叉子以前,客人不得食用任何一道菜。这是美国人的习惯,同欧洲有些国家不同。
2.餐巾应铺在膝上。如果餐巾较大,应双叠放在腿上;如果较小,可以全部打开。餐巾虽然也可以围在颈上或系在胸前,但显得不大方,所以最好不这样做。可用餐巾的一角擦去嘴上或手指上的油渍,但绝不可用餐巾揩拭餐具。
3.进餐时身体要坐正,不可过于向前倾斜,也不要把两臂横放在桌上,以免碰撞旁边的客人。
4.使用刀叉时,应右手用刀,左手用叉。只用叉时,可用右手拿。使用刀时,不要将刀刃向外。更不要用刀送食物入口。切肉应 避免刀切在瓷盘上发出响声。吃面条时,可以用叉卷起来吃,不要挑。中途放下刀叉,应将刀叉呈“八”字形分别放在盘子上。如果把刀叉放在一起,表示用餐完毕。
5.取面包应该用手去拿,然后放在旁边的小碟中或大盘的边沿上,绝不要用叉子去叉面包。取黄油应用黄油刀,而不要用个人的刀子。黄油取出要放在旁边的小碟里,不要直接往面包上抹。不要用刀切面包,也不要把整片面包涂上黄油,而应该一次扯下一小块,吃一块涂一块。
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6.吃色拉时只能用叉子。应用右手拿叉,叉尖朝上。如果上色拉的同时也上了面包、饼干的话,可以用左手拿一小块面包或饼干,帮着把色拉推上叉子。
7.吃鱼时可以用左手拿着面包,右手拿着刀子,把刺拨开。已经人口的肉骨或鱼刺,不要直接吐入盘中,而要用叉接住后轻轻放人盘中,或者尽可能不引入注意地用手取出,放在盘子的边沿上,不能扔在桌上或地下。水果核也应先吐在手心里,再放入盘中。
8.要喝水时,应把口中的食物先咽下去。不要用水冲嘴里的食物。用玻璃杯喝水时,要注意先擦去嘴上的油渍,以免弄脏杯子。
9.进餐时不要将碗碟揣起来。喝汤可以将盘子倾斜,然后用汤匙取食。喝茶或喝咖啡不要把汤匙放在杯子里。
10.吃饭,特别是喝汤,不要发出响声。咀嚼时应该闭嘴。
11.不要在餐桌前擤鼻涕或打嗝。如果打喷嚏或咳嗽,应向周围的人道对不起。
12.在饭桌上不要剔牙。如果有东西塞了牙非取出不可,应用餐巾将嘴遮住,最好等没有别人在场时再取出。
13.进餐时,始终保持沉默是不礼貌的,应该同身旁的人有所交谈。但是在咀嚼食物时不要讲话。即使有人同你讲话,也应咽下口中食物后再回答。谈话时可以不放下刀叉,但不可拿着刀叉在空中摇晃。
14.在餐桌上,一路的食物都应用刀叉去取。只有芹菜、小萝卜、青果、水果、干点心、干果、糖果、炸土豆片、玉米、田鸡腿和面包等可以用手拿着吃。
15.当侍者依次为客人上菜时,走到你的左边,才轮到你取菜。如果侍者站在你右边,就不要取,那是轮到你右边的客人取菜。取菜时,最好每样都取一点,这样会令女主人愉快。如果实在不喜欢吃某种菜,也可以说:“谢谢你,不要了。”
16.当女主人要为你添菜时。你可以将盘子连同放在上面的刀叉一起传递给她或者交给服务员。如果她不问你,你就不能主动要求添菜,那样做很不礼貌。
17.餐桌上有些食品,如面包、黄油、果酱、泡菜、干果、糖果等,应待女主人提议方可取食。大家轮流取食品时,男客人应请他身旁的女客人先取,或者问她是否愿意让你代取一些。进餐时,不能越过他人面前取食物。如需要某种东西时,应在别人背后传递。
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18.用餐毕,客人应等女主人从座位上站起后,再一起随着离席。在进餐中或宴会结束前离席都不礼貌。起立后,男宾应帮助妇女把椅子归回原处。餐巾放在桌上,不要照原来的样子折好,除非主人请你留下吃下顿饭。
要使宴会从始至终充满愉快和谐的气氛,不仅客人要举止得当,彬彬有礼,男女主人的态度也至关重要。 宴会开始后,男女主人的责任是使席间的谈话始终活泼而风趣,每个客人都不受冷落。如果有人谈及不恰当的话,主人应立即巧妙地设法转移话题。
澳际美国留学专家提示,用餐时,主人应待客人吃完一道菜后,再换下一道菜。主人吃饭速度不可太快,如果多数人已吃完,而少数人尚未吃完时,更应放慢速度,以免使客人感到不安。
席间,主人应尽力使每位客人感到舒适自如。如客人将刀叉掉在地上。应立即礼貌地为他换一把。如果客人不慎打碎盘碗,女主人应镇静地收拾干净,安慰客人,绝不能显出不说之色。
最后,主人绝不能在客人面前计算请客所花费的费用。
美国吃法很有趣。无论他们吃什么,都离不开叉子。人们认为右手持刀超过几秒钟都有悖于餐桌礼仪。如果必须用刀,正常情况下,人们就会左手持叉,右手持刀切肉或其他东西。接着,他们把刀放下,将叉子转移到右手。只有这时,才可以把食物送入口中。这个习惯带来以下几种结果:
第一,如果不是必须用刀,美国人一般不用,因此你会看到他们用叉子叉土豆、鱼甚至熏猪肉;
第二,整个用餐过程中,由于只用到一个餐具,人们不得不拿叉子追着食物跑——直到最后一口,还得用大拇指按住食物;
第三,桌之上除了刀外,往往有两个叉子,外侧的是用来吃沙拉的。 更多美国留学最新动态,敬请关注澳际美国留学:http://us.aoji.cn/
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下面是泰戈尔励志经典语录,欢迎阅读。
不需要的朋友可以编辑删除~~
1. 上帝对人说道:“我医治你,所以要伤害你;我爱你,所以要惩罚你。”
2. 如果错过太阳时你流了泪,那么你也要错过群星了。
3. 天空中没有翅膀的痕迹,但我已飞过。
4. 当你把所有的错误都关在门外,真理也就被拒绝了。
5. 错误经不起失败,但是真理却不怕失败。
6. 离我们最近的地方,路程却最遥远。我们最谦卑时,才最接近伟大。
7. 爱就是充实了的生命,正如盛满了酒的酒杯。
8. 月儿把她的光明遍照在天上,却留着她的黑斑给她自己。
9. 生命因为付出了爱,而更为富足。
10. 果实的事业是尊重的,花的事业是甜美的,但是让我做叶的事业罢,叶是谦逊地专心地垂着绿荫的。
11. 上帝对人说道:“我医治你,所以要伤害你;我爱你,所以要惩罚你。”
12. 如果错过太阳时你流了泪,那么你也要错过群星了。
13. 天空中没有翅膀的痕迹,但我已飞过。
14. 当你把所有的错误都关在门外,真理也就被拒绝了。
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15. 错误经不起失败,但是真理却不怕失败。
16. 离我们最近的地方,路程却最遥远。我们最谦卑时,才最接近伟大。
17. 爱就是充实了的生命,正如盛满了酒的酒杯。
18. 月儿把她的光明遍照在天上,却留着她的黑斑给她自己。
19. 生命因为付出了爱,而更为富足。
20. 果实的事业是尊重的,花的事业是甜美的,但是让我做叶的事业罢,叶是谦逊地专心地垂着绿荫的。
21. 失败可以导致胜利,死亡可以导致永生。
22. 任何事物都无法抗拒吞食一切的时间。
23. 虚伪的真诚,比魔鬼更可怕。
24. 母亲不仅仅属于家庭,而且还属于世界。我尝过做母亲的痛苦,但却没有做母亲的自由。
25. 鸟翼系上黄金,这鸟便永远不能在天上翱翔
26. 真理是严酷的,我喜爱这个严酷,它永不欺骗。
27. 果实的事业是尊贵的,花的事业是甜美的;但是让我做叶的事业吧,叶是谦逊地、专心地垂着绿荫的。
28. 夜把花悄悄地开放了,却让白日去领受谢词。
29. 有时候,两个从不相识的人的确也很可能一见面就变成了知心的朋友。
30. 青春啊,难道你始终囚禁在狭小圈子里?你得撕破老年的蛊惑人心的网。
31. 全是理智的心,恰如一柄全是锋刃的刀。它叫使用它的人手上流血。
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32. 要使生如夏花之绚烂,死如秋叶之静美。
33. 权力把受害者的百般苦恼看作忘恩负义
34. 真理之川从他的错误的沟渠中流过。
35. 虚伪的真诚,比魔更可怕。
36. 休息与工作的关系,正如眼睑与眼睛的关系。
37. 抽象概念作为一种见解倒是不错的,但应用到人们身上,就不那么行得通了
38. 你可以从外表的美来评论一朵花或一只蝴蝶,但你不能这样来评论一个人。
39. 世界上的一切伟大运动都与某种伟大理想有关。
40. 我们把世界看错了,反说它欺骗我们
41. 我给你爱的阳光,同时给你光辉灿烂的自由。
42. 顺境也好,逆境也好,人生就是一场对种种困难无尽无休的斗争,一场以寡敌众的战斗。 ——罗宾德拉纳特?泰戈尔
43. 真理穿了衣裳觉得事实太拘束了,在想象中,她却转动得很舒畅。
44. 如果把所有的错误都关在门外的话,真理也要被关在门外了。
45. 贞操是从丰富的爱情中生出来的资产。
46. 有些事情是不能等待的。假如你必须战斗或者在市场上取得最有利的地位,你就不能不冲锋、奔跑和大步行进。
47. 在哪里找到了朋友,我就在哪里重生。
48. 爱是亘古长明的灯塔,它定晴望着风暴却兀不为动,爱就是充实了的生命,正如盛满了酒的酒杯。
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49. 那些仅仅循规蹈矩过活的人,并不是在使社会进步,只是在使社会维持下去
50. 医治罪恶的正确方法是和它进行斗争
51. 在任何情况之下,天神都不会用镣铐来束缚他所创造的人的;他使他们的生活经常发生变化,从而得到启发。
52. 只有人类精神能够蔑视一切限制,相信它的最后成功,将它的探照灯照向黑暗的远方。
53. 不要从你自己的袋里掏出勋绩借给你的朋友,这是污辱他的。
54. 埋在地下的种子产生果实,却并不要求什么报酬。
55. 情报对敌人和我们周围的世界的了
56. 在老年时,会有许多闲暇的时间,去计算那过去的日子,把我们手里永久丢失了的东西,在心里爱抚着。
57. 真理只有用它受到的阻力和反对来检验它是真是假??真理必须通过它在各个时代受到的反对和打击被人重新发现。
58. 生命是永恒不断的创造,因为在它内部蕴含着过剩的精力,它不断流溢,越出时间和空间的界限,它不停地追求,以形形色色的自我表现的形式表现出来。
59. 我宁愿要那种虽然看不见但表现出内在品质的美。
60. 静止便是死亡,只有运动才能敲开永生的大门。
61. 我希望你照自己的意思去理解自己,不要小看自己,被别人的意见引入歧途。
62. 如果错过了太阳时你流了泪,那么你也要错过群星了。
63. 要是童年的日子能重新回来,那我一定不再浪费光阴,我要把每分每秒都用来读书!
64. 月儿把她的光明遍照在天上,却留着她的黑斑给它自己。
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65. 人所追求的,不过是看到“新事物”以无比壮丽的姿态出现在那摧毁“旧事物”的火焰顶上罢了。
66. 我们的生命是天赋的,我们惟有献出生命,才能得到生命。
67. 如果你对一切错误关上了门,那么真理也将将你关在门外
68. 我们如海鸥与波涛相遇似地,遇见了,走近了。海鸥飞去,波涛滚滚地流开,我们也分别了。
69. 完全按照逻辑方式进行思维,就好像是一把两面都昌利刃而没有把柄的钢刀,会割伤使用者的手。
70. 祖国的伟大和力量原来就蓄存在祖国的自己身上
71. 宗派主义,使人完全忘记了人就是人这个简单明白的真理
72. 那些仅仅循规蹈矩的过活的人,并不是在使社会进步,只是在使社会得以维持下去
73. 多和朋辈交游无疑是医治心病的良方。
74. 不要从你自己的袋里掏出勋章借给你的朋友,这是侮辱他的。
75. 永恒的献身是生命的真理。它的完美就是我们生命的完美。
76. 世界上使社会变得伟大的人,正是那些有勇气在生活中尝试和解决人生新问题的人!
77. 有生命力的理想决不能象钟表一样,精确计算它的每一秒钟。
78. 总会发生些情愿与不情愿、知道与不知道、清醒与迷误的那种痛苦与幸福的事儿。但如果心里存在虔诚情感,那么在痛苦中也会得到安宁。否则,便只能在愤怒争吵、妒嫉仇恨、唠唠叨叨中讨活了。
79. 生活本身就是五花八门的矛盾集合——有自然的也有人为的,有想象的也有现实的。
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80. 超越国界,比国家更伟大的东西,只能通过国家来显示自己
81. 思想以自己的言语喂养它自己,而成长起来。
82. 真理之川,从它的错误之沟渠中流过。
83. 附和真理,生命便会得到永生。
84. 蜜蜂从花中啜蜜离开时营营地道谢,浮夸的蝴蝶却是相信花是应该向他道谢的。
85. 有勇气在自己生活中尝试解决人生新问题的人,正是那些使社会臻于伟大的人!那些仅仅循规蹈矩过活的人,并不是在使社会进步,只是在使社会得以维持下去。
86. 人生虽只有几十春秋,但它决不是梦一般的幻灭,而是有着无穷可歌可颂的深长意义的;附和真理,生命便会得到永生。
87. 你若爱她,让你的爱像阳光一样包围她,并且给她自由。
88. 虚伪永远不能凭借它生长在权利中而变成真实。
89. 闪射理想之光吧,心灵之星!把光流注入,未来的暮霭之中。
90. 妥协对任何友谊都不是坚固的基础。
91. 如果你因失去了太阳而流泪,那末你也将失去群星了。
92. 要是爱情不允许彼此之间有所差异,那么为什么世界上到处都有差异呢?
93. 虚伪永远不能凭借它生长在权力中而变成真实。
94. 我们必须奉献于生命,才能获得生命。
95. 当形式是内容的本身,它和内容是
96. 全是理智的人,恰如一把全是锋刃的刀,叫使用它的人手上流血
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97. 造物主把像你这样的人派遣到人世间来,是要你担负一定的责任的,所以你决不应该轻视自己的身体。
98. 人类的历史是很忍耐地等待着被侮辱者的胜利。 (印度)《飞鸟集》
99. 学习必须与实干相结合。
104. 蜜蜂从花中啜蜜,离开时营营的道谢。浮夸的蝴蝶却相信花是应该向他道谢的。
105. 刀鞘保护刀的锋利,它自己则满足于它的迟钝。
106. 知识是珍贵宝石的结晶,文化是宝石放出来的光泽。
107. 当我们是大为谦卑的时候,便是我们最近于伟大的时候。
108. 如果错过了太阳时你流了泪,那么你也要错过群星了。
109. 爱是理解的别名。
110. 眼睛不能看到你,因为你是眼睛中的瞳仁;心灵不能了解你,因为你是内心深处的秘密。
111. 世界上最遥远的距离不是生与死,而是我站在你面前,你却不知道——我爱你。
112. 生当如夏花之绚丽,死当如秋叶之静美。
113. 你微微地笑着,不同我说什么话。而我觉得,为了这个,我已等待得久了。
114. 使生如夏花之绚烂,死如秋叶之静美。
115. 让死者有那不朽的名,但让生者有那不朽的爱。
116. 我们把世界看错了,反说世界欺骗我们。
117. 你看不见你自己,你能看见的只是自己的影子
118. 生当如夏花之绚烂,死当如秋叶之静美。
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119. 闪射理想之光吧/心灵之星!把光流注入/未来的暮霭之中。
120. 我们只有献出生命,才能得到生命。
121. 爱情是理解和体贴的别名。
122. 相信爱情,即使它给你带来悲哀也要相信爱情。
123. 女人,罪恶把你剥得赤裸,诅咒把你洗净,你升华成完善的生命。
124. 在消除贫困的时候,我们会拥有自己的财富,而拥有这笔财富,我们却会失去多少善心,多少美和多少力量啊!
125. 静止便是死亡,只有运动才能敲开永生的大门。
126. 老是考虑怎样去做好事的人,就没有时间去做好事。
127. 那些缠扭着家庭的人,命定要永远闭卧在无灵魂世界的僵硬的生活中。
128. 我希望你照自己的意思去理解自己,不要小看自己,被别人的意见引入歧途
129. 真理之川从他的错误的沟渠中流过。
148. 当青春的光彩渐渐消逝,永不衰老的内在个性却在一个人的脸上和眼睛上更加明显地表露出来,好像是在同一地方久住了的结果。
149. 人的青春时期一过,就会出现名象秋天一样的优美成熟时期,这时,生命的果实象熟稻子似的在美丽的平静的气氛中等待收获。
150. 知识是珍贵宝石的结晶,文化是宝石放出的光泽
151. 在你青春的无忧无虑的生涯里,你屋子里所有的门户始终洞开着。
152. 一个人的青春时期一过,就会出现像秋天一样的优美的成熟时期,这时,生命的果实像熟稻子似的在美丽的平静的气氛中等待收获。
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153. 果实的事业是尊贵的,花的事业是甜美的,但是让我们做叶的事业罢,叶是谦逊地专心地垂着绿荫的
154. 天空虽不曾留下痕迹,但我已飞过
155. 当你错过太阳而流泪,你也将错过群星了
156. 世界上的一切伟大运动都与某种伟大理想有关。
157. 有生命力的理想决不能象钟表一样,精确计算它的每一秒钟。
158. 生命是永恒不断的创造,因为在它内部蕴含着过剩的精力,它不断流溢,越出时间和空间的界限,它不停地追求,以形形色色的自我表现的形式表现出来。
159. 界上使社会变得伟大的人,正是那些有勇气在生活中尝试和解决人生新问题的人!
160.宗教就会象财富、荣誉或家族那样,仅仅成为一种人们引以自豪的东西。
范文二:美国人餐桌礼仪
美国人餐桌礼仪
每个国家都有一些独有的礼仪,美国也一样。美国人餐桌礼仪有哪些,以下是小编为您整理的相关资料,欢迎阅读~
1.应等全体客人面前都上完菜了,女主人示意后才开始用餐。在女主人拿起她的勺子或叉子以前,客人不得食用任何一道菜。这是美国人的习惯,同欧洲有些国家不同。
2.餐巾应铺在膝上。如果餐巾较大,应双叠放在腿上;如果较小,可以全部打开。餐巾虽然也可以围在颈上或系在胸前,但显得不大方,所以最好不这样做。可用餐巾的一角擦去嘴上或手指上的油渍,但绝不可用餐巾揩拭餐具。
3.进餐时身体要坐正,不要过于向前倾斜,也不要把两臂横放在桌上,以免碰撞旁边的客人。
4.使用刀叉时,应右手用刀,左手用叉。只用叉时,可用右手拿。用刀时,不要将刀刃向外。更不要用刀送食物入口。切肉应避免刀切在瓷盘上发出响声。吃面条时,可以用叉卷起来吃,不要挑。中途放下刀叉,应将刀叉呈“八”字形分别放在盘子上。如果把刀叉放在一起,表示用餐完毕。
5.取面包应该用手去拿,然后放在旁边的小碟中或大盘的边沿上,绝不要用叉子去叉面包。取黄油应用黄油刀,而不要用个人的刀子。黄油取出要放在旁边的小碟里,不要直接往面包上抹。不要用刀切面包,也不要把整片面包涂上黄油,而应该一次扯下一小块,吃一块涂一块。
6.吃色拉的时候只能用叉子。应用右手拿叉,叉尖朝上。如果上色拉的同时也上了面包、饼干的话,可以用左手拿一小块面包或饼干,帮着把色拉推上叉子。
7.吃鱼时可以用左手拿着面包,右手拿着刀子,把刺拨开。已经入口的肉骨或鱼刺,不要直接吐入盘中,而要用叉接住后轻轻放人盘中,或者尽可能不引入注意地用手取出,放在盘子的边沿上,不能扔在桌上或地下。水果核也应先吐在手心里,再放入盘中。
8.要喝水时,应把口中的食物先咽下去。不要用水冲嘴里的食物。用玻璃杯喝水时,要注意先擦去嘴上的油渍,以免弄脏杯子。
9.进餐时不要将碗碟端起来。喝汤可以将盘子倾斜,然后用汤匙取食。喝茶或喝咖啡不要把汤匙放在杯子里。
10.吃饭,特别是喝汤,不要发出声。咀嚼时应该闭嘴。
11.不要在餐桌前擤鼻涕或打嗝。如果打喷嚏或咳嗽,应向周围的人道对不起。
12.在饭桌上不要剔牙。如果有东西塞了牙非取出不
可,应用餐巾将嘴遮住,最好等没有别人在场时再取。
13.进餐时,始终保持沉默是不礼貌的,应该同身旁的人有所交谈。但是在咀嚼食物时不要讲话。即使有人同你讲话,也应咽下口中食物后再回答。谈话时可以不放下刀叉,但不可拿着刀叉在空中摇晃。
14.在餐桌上,一路的食物都应用刀叉去取。只有芹菜、小萝卜、青果、水果、干点心、干果、糖果、炸土豆片、玉米、田鸡腿和面包等可以用手拿着吃。
15.当侍者依次为客人上菜时,走到你的左边,轮到你取菜。如果侍者站在你右边,就不要取,那是轮到你右边的客人取菜。取菜时,最好每样都取一点,这样会令女主人愉快。如果实在不喜欢吃某种菜,也可以说:“谢谢你,不要了。”
16.当女主人要为你添菜时。你可以将盘子连同放在上面的刀叉一起传递给她或者交给服务员。如果她不问你,你就不能主动要求添菜,那样做很不礼貌。
17.餐桌上有些食品,如面包、黄油、果酱、泡菜、干果、糖果等,应待女主人提议方可取食。大家轮流取食品时,男客人应请他身旁的女客人先取,或者问她是否愿意让你代取一些。进餐时,不能越过他人面前取食物。如需要某种东西时,应在别人背后传递。
18.用餐毕,客人应等女主人从座位上站起后,再一起随着离席。在进餐中或宴会结束前离席都不礼貌。起立后,
男宾应帮助妇女把椅子归回原处。餐巾放在桌上,不要照原来的样子折好,除非主人请你留下吃下顿饭。
要使宴会从始至终充满愉快和谐的气氛,不仅客人要举止得当,彬彬有礼,男女主人的态度也至关重要。
宴会开始后,男女主人的责任是使席间的谈话始终活泼而风趣,每个客人都不受冷落。如果有人谈到不恰当的话,主人应立即巧妙地设法转移话题。
用餐时,主人应待客人吃完一道菜后,再换下一道菜。主人吃饭速度不可太快,如果多数人已吃完,而少数人尚未吃完时,更应放慢速度,以免使客人感到不安。
席间,主人应尽力使每位客人感到舒适自如。如客人将刀叉掉在地上。应立即礼貌地为他换一把。如果客人不慎打碎盘碗,女主人应镇静地收拾干净,安慰客人,绝不能显出不说之色。
[美国人餐桌礼仪]相关文章:
1.餐桌的礼仪
2.餐桌礼仪图片
3.西方餐桌礼仪
4.餐桌礼仪
5.英语餐桌礼仪
6.西方餐桌的礼仪
7.社交餐桌礼仪
8.各国餐桌礼仪
9.餐桌礼仪
10.餐桌礼仪 英文
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范文三:美国留学餐桌礼仪
美国留学-餐桌礼仪
第一次去美国的美国留学生首先需要做的就是了解自己所在地区的风土人情,尽快适应周围的环境,尤其在就餐问题上大有学问,下面就为大家简单介绍下在美国生活时就餐方面需要注意的事项。
一、美国留学:寄宿家庭的就餐注意事项
1、美国留学生在初次和寄宿家庭见面时将您对食物的特殊要求及避讳向他们说明,以便他们尽量配合您。若您的要求超出他们的预算,您又必须要求满足的话可以提议自付超出的部分。
2、在寄宿学生上学日,寄宿家庭只提供早、晚两餐,中餐需有学生自费在学校的餐厅或食物店购食;周末提供三餐。
3、或许他们每餐开始前都会祷告,您需要尊重他们的信仰,您应该低头闭目,以示尊重。
4、寄宿家庭冰箱或食物柜里的食物,必须经过寄宿家庭的父母同意才可拿取。
5、美国一般家庭不会每天都吃牛排。
二、美国留学:一般就餐注意事项
1、在多人用餐时,西方人的习惯是将餐桌上所置的各盘食物轮流传递,用钗或勺取入自己盘中食用。若自己的食物吃尽而欲取的食物又远在别人面前时,不可不可擅自拿取,应请该人将该盘传递过来再取食。
2、用餐时,若餐桌是长方形,则餐桌面向门的一端是男主人的座位,另一端是女主人的座位。自己应在男女主人入座后再行就座。
3、在进餐中,若出现打喷嚏或咳嗽的情况,需及使用餐巾将嘴鼻遮住,转身而为,不可影响他人;若想要回话或说话而口中食物未尽时,需咽毕再开口;若欲如厕,不可说“I want to toilet/washroom”之类的话,只需说“Excuse me”即可。
4、喝汤时,应将汤匙自汤碗内壁靠近己身的一边向对边延伸,然后将汤舀起送入口中。
5、和他人一起就餐,若你愿意做东,应事先告知他人,因为西方人的习惯AA制,切不可抢着付钱,否则会让人看笑话。另外,西方人没有中国人有“受人一升,报以一斗”的感激心态,你请外国人吃饭,不要期望他会回请你。
6、在用餐完毕前,若刀钗暂停使用,应以刀口朝内,钗背朝上的方式放置,以示仍需使用,否则他人或服务员会误认为你已经用餐完毕,而将你的餐具收走。
7、在用餐完毕离席时,应将座椅归回原位。
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范文四:美国餐桌礼仪
美国餐桌礼仪
材料1 Tableware1)
Always put the napkin2)on your lap first. As the meal is served, use the one farthest from the plate first. Before you leave the table, fold your napkin and put it beside your plate.
How to eat
Wait until everyone has been served to begin eating. The host or hostess may invite you to start eating before everyone is served, since some foods may be cold if you wait until everyone is served. At this time, you should wait until three or four people have been served before starting to eat.
During the meal, the host or hostess will offer you a second helping of food. When they ask, give a direct answer. If you refuse the first time, they might not ask you again.
While eating, remember not to talk with your mouth full. When you have finished your meal, place your knife and fork side by side on the plate. This signals that you have finished eating.
Dos and Don'ts
At the table, ask others to pass you dishes that are out of your reach. Good phrases to know are: "Please pass the...." or "Could you hand me the..., please?" If asked to pass the salt to someone, you should pass both the salt and pepper which are placed on the table together. Hand the salt and pepper to the person seated next to you. Do not reach over the person next to you to pass anything to others.
Do not lean on your arm or elbow while eating. You may rest your hand and wrist on the edge of the table.
Cut large pieces of meat, potatoes and vegetables into small pieces. Eat the pieces one at a time.
Some foods may be eaten with your fingers. If you are not sure if it is proper to eat something by picking it up with your fingers, watch what others do before doing so yourself. Examples of foods which can be eaten with your fingers include: bacon3)which has been cooked until it is very crisp4); bread should be broken rather than cut with a knife; cookies; sandwiches; and small fruits and berries on the stem. Most fast foods can be eaten with your fingers.
Besides, there are two things that need mention:
Noodles
When eating spaghetti5), wind6)the noodles up on your fork. Spoon can be used to help. The spaghetti on your fork should be eaten in one bite. It is very impolite to eat half your noodles and allow the other half to fall back on your plate.
Soup
When eating soup, put the spoon on the plate beneath the bowl. And do not slurp7)the soup. Do not overfill the spoon and do not pick the bowl up to hold it closer to your mouth. You may tip8)away your bowl slightly to collect the last bit of soup to the spoon. The soup spoon is used by moving the spoon away from you.
Anyway, some of the rules mentioned here may be somewhat relaxed9)in informal situations. And the best way to avoid making mistakes is to observe the way your western friends eat.
材料2 American Table MannersThe Role of Manners?There is not much call for a complete working knowledge of table manners in America today. Many families only gather all at once around the dinner table at holiday feasts, and most restaurants are too casual to require, or even to
allow for, more than basic good table manners. If, having dropped his napkin, a diner at a bistro were to attempt to practice proper etiquette by signaling a member of the staff to bring a fresh one, he would probably have to do without a napkin at all. Try as he might to make eye contact and indicate the nature of the problem with a subtle wiggle of the eyebrow and downward flicker of the glance, he is likely to succeed only in causing his date to think he is making a play for the server. Although strict good manners forbid placing a used eating utensil back on the table, the server removing a plate on which a fork has quite properly been positioned "pointing at 11 o'clock" might just plop that item back where it started, making more of a clatter than if the diner had simply done it herself.
From time to time -- perhaps at an important business dinner, a romantic date at an expensive restaurant, or a first dinner with the family of the person who may be "the One" -- it is necessary to display a more sophisticated knowledge of table etiquette. This is not difficult, once you have mastered the basics. Anyone armed with this core knowledge and the ability to adapt smoothly to the situation at hand will be able to handle even the most formal event. The goal is not, after all, to demonstrate utter mastery of the most arcane details of etiquette (which would be quite difficult considering the wide variations of customs in different cultures and from generation to generation), but rather to behave with graciousness and poise at the table.
Mastering the BasicsMuch of the difficulty encountered in learning table manners derives from the struggle to master the ritual handling of the various tools involved. In order to display the right social veneer, it is necessary to sit at the table with elegant ease and wield the utensils with aplomb. The diner who leaves the napkin folded on his plate until it obstructs the placement of his appetizer plate reveals his lack of training. The dinner party guest who observes with dismay the array of flatware on either side of her plate, need only take the time to learn the simple secret to the plan. There are, of course, a few tips and pitfalls to be aware of, as well as the occasional surprising item you can eat with your hands. Here is a quick guide which will help steer you through even the most formal of occasions.
材料3 Manners in every country are different. What is polite in China may not be polite in the United States. These basic rules will help you enjoy western food with your American friends.
Always put the napkin on your lap first. Before you leave the table, fold your napkin and put it beside your plate.
As the meal is served, use the silverware farthest from the plate first. When eating something in a bowl, do not leave the spoon in the bowl. Put it on the plate beneath the bowl. Soup, as well as all American food is eaten quietly. Do not slurp the soup. The soup spoon is used by moving the spoon away from you. Do not over fill the spoon. The bowl may be tipped slightly away from you to allow the last bit of soup to be collected on the spoon. Do not pick the bowl up to hold it closer to your mouth. When you have finished your meal, place your knife and fork side by side on the plate. This signals that you have finished eating.
Wait until everyone has been served to begin eating. Everyone begins to eat at the same time. The host or hostess may invite you to start eating before everyone is served. Some foods may be cold if you are required to wait until everyone is served. If invited to begin before others are served, wait until three or four people have been served before starting to eat.
While eating, remember not to talk with your mouth full of food.
During the meal, the host or hostess will offer you a second helping of food. Sometimes they will ask you to help yourself. When they offer you food, give a direct answer. If you refuse the
first time, they might not ask you again.
At the table, ask others to pass you dishes that are out of your reach. Good phrases to know are: “Please pass the ____” or “Could you hand me the ____, please?” If asked to pass the salt
to someone, you should pass both the salt and pepper which are placed on the table together. Hand the salt and pepper to the person seated next to you. Do not reach over the person next to you to pass anything to others.
Sit up straight at the table. Bring the food up to your mouth. Do not lean down to your plate.
Cut large pieces of meat, potatoes and vegetables into bite size pieces. Eat the pieces one at a time.
When eating spaghetti, wind the noodles up on your fork. You may use your spoon to assist in winding the noodle on your fork. The spaghetti on your fork should be eaten in one bite. It is very impolite to eat half your noodles and allow the other half to fall back on your plate.
Some foods may be eaten with your fingers. If you are not sure if it is proper to eat something by picking it up with your fingers watch what others do before doing so yourself. Examples of foods which can be eaten with your fingers include: bacon which has been cooked until it is very crisp; bread should be broken rather than cut with a knife; cookies; sandwiches; and small fruits and berries on the stem. Most fast foods are intended to be eaten with your fingers.
Do not lean on your arm or elbow while eating. You may rest your hand and wrist on the edge of the table.
In America, people do not use toothpicks at the table.
Some of the rules mentioned here may be somewhat relaxed in informal settings.
The best way to learn good manners is to watch others. Observe the way your western friends eat. This is the best way to avoid making mistakes when you are unsure of what to do.
材料4The Role of Manners?
There is not much call for a complete working knowledge of table manners in America today. Many families only gather all at once around the dinner table at holiday feasts, and most restaurants are too casual to require, or even to allow for, more than basic good table manners. If, having dropped his napkin, a diner at a bistro were to attempt to practice proper etiquette by signaling a member of the staff to bring a fresh one, he would probably have to do without a napkin at all. Try as he might to make eye contact and indicate the nature of the problem with a subtle wiggle of the eyebrow and downward flicker of the glance, he is likely to succeed only in causing his date to think he is making a play for the server. Although strict good manners forbid placing a used eating utensil back on the table, the server removing a plate on which a fork has quite properly been positioned "pointing at 11 o'clock" might just plop that item back where it started, making more of a clatter than if the diner had simply done it herself.
From time to time -- perhaps at an important business dinner, a romantic date at an expensive restaurant, or a first dinner with the family of the person who may be "the One" -- it is necessary to display a more sophisticated knowledge of table etiquette. This is not difficult, once you have mastered the basics. Anyone armed with this core knowledge and the ability to adapt smoothly to the situation at hand will be able to handle even the most formal event. The goal is not, after all, to demonstrate utter mastery of the most arcane details of etiquette (which would be quite difficult considering the wide variations of customs in different cultures and from generation to generation), but rather to behave with graciousness and poise at the table.
Mastering the Basics
Much of the difficulty encountered in learning table manners derives from the struggle to master the ritual handling of the various tools involved. In order to display the right social veneer, it is necessary to sit at the table with elegant ease and wield the utensils with aplomb. The diner who leaves the napkin folded on his plate until it obstructs the placement of his appetizer plate reveals his lack of training. The dinner party guest who observes with dismay the array of flatware on either side of her plate, need only take the time to learn the simple secret to the plan. There are, of course, a few tips and pitfalls to be aware of, as well as the occasional surprising item you can eat with your hands. Here is a quick guide which will help steer you through even the most formal of occassions.
材料5餐桌礼仪是进餐时的礼节,也包括怎样有礼貌地使用餐具。不同的文化有不同的
餐桌礼仪。事实上很多礼节是从实际需要而演变来的,比如把手肘放在餐桌上是属于不礼貌
的行为,因为把手肘放在桌面上的时候就有把碗、杯打翻的可能。然而每一个家庭或者一些
群体有他们自己的餐桌礼仪标准,也有他们自己对于这些礼仪如何严格执行程度的规定。
美国的餐桌礼仪
饭前:
餐桌上都不应该戴帽子;在白天拜访别人的时候女士专用的帽子例外。
在正式的宴会中,男士们须站在自己的座位后面,等女士们都坐下了以后,才能坐下。
在开始吃饭前,主人要做饭前的谢饭祷告,这在美国的家庭里是很普遍的,客人应该加
入这个谢饭的祷告,至少要在祷告的时候保持安静以示尊敬。如果被邀请的客人有不同的信
仰,主人的谢饭祷告不应该包括深奥的宗教仪式。
一般要等到每一个人都拿到了食物以后,大家一起开始吃。在别人还没有拿到食物以前,
不应该擅自开始先吃;除非那些还没有拿到食物的人士请你不要等候,你才可以先吃。
餐巾是放在膝盖上的。在正式的宴会中,客人要等主人把他(她)的餐巾放到膝盖上之
后,才把自己的餐巾放上。
在正式的宴会上,食物应该同时送到餐桌上的每一位,但还是要等主人拿起餐具之后客
人才能拿起餐具进餐。
如果你不能吃某些食品,在你作客的时候,(如果主人不是你的亲戚,)不应要求主人为
你另外再增添你要吃的食品。
进餐时的礼仪:
在家庭式的用餐中常常是把一盘菜传到各位的面前,有时由主人把菜拿到客人面前,稍
微讲究一点的会有佣人把菜呈到客人面前。如果是传的话,你要按其他盘子传的同一个方向
把菜传给下一位。当你拿到传过来的菜盘子,你可以从中取菜。在取的时候,不要取超过餐
桌上人数比例的量,这样的话餐桌上的每一个人都能得到一份。如果你不想吃传过来的菜,
那就把它递给下一位,但是千万不要解释你为什么不吃或者作什么评论。如果是有人把菜盘
子端给你,他会问你是否需要,你可以简单地回答“是的,请给一些”或者“谢谢,我不需
要”。
当为进餐人士服务的时候,上菜都是从进餐者的左边放到他(她)的前面;而撤盘子的
时候,都是从进餐者的右边拿走。但是对于饮料,可以从左右的任何一方呈上和撤离。
在喝汤的时候,用汤匙由靠近你的一处开始,向远离你的方向打汤。不要把整个汤匙放
入嘴里来喝汤,而是在汤匙的边上喝汤。如果汤碗里只剩一点儿汤了,你可以用不拿汤匙的
手把汤碗靠近你的一边略略提起,这将使你比较容易把余下的汤流入你的汤匙。
如果光用叉子把食物叉起来有困难的话,可以用一小片面包或者餐刀帮忙;但是千万不
要直接用手。
按美国人的习惯,你不一定要吃餐桌上所有的菜,而且到最后你盘子里的菜没有吃完,也不是不礼貌的。不要询问别人为什么不吃某个菜,或者询问别人为什么不把菜吃完。
不要对餐桌上的菜进行批评,也不应该对菜的分量多少进行品头论足。
吃东西的时候要闭上嘴。不要在吃东西的时候发出声音,嘴里有食物的时候也不要讲话;在吃的时候也不该有不应有的噪声发出来。
当你需要离开餐桌的时候,只要说“对不起”或者“对不起,我得离开一下”就可以了。不要详细解释为什么要离开的原因,更不要说“我要上厕所了”之类的话语。
不要大声说话,好像非要全桌的人都必须听你似的;要让其他人也有说话的机会。
千万不要在餐桌上擤鼻子或者吐痰。如果你必须做这些,你得先离开餐桌,在隐秘的地方进行。
在餐桌上不该打饱嗝儿、咳嗽、打哈欠和打喷嚏之类。万一你做了,赶快向大家表示歉意,说“对不起”。
坐在餐椅上,不可以没精打采、装聋作哑的样子,也不可把椅子向后倾斜,翘椅子坐。
不可以玩弄食物或者餐具;更不能拿着餐具手舞足蹈地讲话,不能拿餐具指人。
你可以把你手肘以下的部分放在餐桌上,但是不可把手肘放在餐桌上。
餐桌上不可使用手机讲话或者收发短讯,也不该看书和听随身听。只有在早餐的时候可以看报。如果有什么紧急的事必须通话,那也必须先向全桌的人打个招呼,然后离开餐桌才接电话,以免你的讲话影响大家。
如果有些放到嘴里的东西必须拿出来的话,你必须按照:用什么方式放入嘴的,也用同样的方式拿出来。只有鱼刺可以用手拿出来。
在没有把你自己盘子里的那一份吃完以前,不可以要更多同样的菜。
在正式宴会中,男士们在女士进入和离开餐桌的时候都应该起立。
使用餐具的礼仪:
叉子是用来把块状食物送入嘴里的工具。不要直接用手抓着吃。可以直接用手的食物是:面包,芦笋尖,鸡翅膀,和比萨饼之类。
不可把餐具当乐器来玩弄。
美国式的用叉法是:右手拿刀左手拿叉;右手不拿刀时,可以用右手拿叉。欧洲式的用叉法是:永远用左手拿叉。
除非餐桌上提供专门放刀的刀架以外,在不用餐刀时,餐刀应该平放在远离你的盘子一边,刀口对你自己。不可把刀的一头放在盘子上,另外一头放在餐桌上。
当你取菜的时候,用餐具从靠近你一边的盘子边缘,向盘子的中心移动来取菜。如果在送上甜点心的时候没有同时附上餐具,那为甜点心所预备的餐具一定已经预先放在你的主菜盘子远离你的一端。
宴席结束时的礼仪:
只要你把餐具平行放在盘子中央,餐具柄放在盘子的右侧,叉子口向上,这就是你吃好了一道菜的标准,无论你是否吃完,服务员就会把这个盘子连餐具一起收走。所以不要把用过了的餐具放在餐桌上。
如果你被邀请在餐厅就餐或者参与一个正式的宴会,在结束的时候不要提出把剩余的食物打包回家。虽然主人常常会客气地请客人把剩余的食物带回家,但是作为客人不可先提出要带回家的要求。
把餐巾放在椅子上,是表示还要回来的意思。轻轻地把餐巾放在你主餐盘的左方,是表示你已经吃完了这整一桌餐了。
Table manners are the rules of etiquette used while eating, which may also include the appropriate
use of utensils. Different cultures observe different rules for table manners. Many table manners
evolved out of practicality. For example, it is generally impolite to put elbows on tables, since doing so creates a risk of tipping over bowls and cups. Each family or group sets its own standards for how strictly these rules are to be enforced.
American Table Manners
Before dining
Men's and unisex hats should never be worn at the table. Ladies' hats may be worn during the day if visiting others.
Before sitting down to a formal meal, gentlemen stand behind their chairs until the women are seated.
A prayer or 'blessing' may be customary in some households, and the guests may join in or be respectfully silent. Most prayers are made by the host before the meal is eaten. Hosts should not practice an extended religious ritual in front of invited guests who have different beliefs.
One does not start eating until every person is served or those who have not been served request that you begin without waiting.
Napkins are placed in the lap. At more formal occasions diners will wait to place their napkins on their laps until the host places his or her napkin on his or her lap.
At more formal occasions all diners should be served at the same time and will wait until the hostess or host lifts a fork or spoon before beginning.
Even if one has dietary restrictions, it is inappropriate for non-relatives to request food other than that which is being served by the host at a private function.
General manners while dining
When a dish is offered from a serving dish (a.k.a. family style), as is the traditional manner, the food may be passed around or served by a host or staff. If passed, you should pass on the serving dish to the next person in the same direction as the other dishes are being passed. Place the serving dish on your left, take some, and pass to the person next to you. You should consider how much is on the serving dish and not take more than a proportional amount so that everyone may have some. If you do not care for any of the dish, pass it to the next person without comment. If being served by a single person, the server should request if the guest would like any of the dish. The guest may say "Yes, please," or "No, thank you."
When serving, serve from the left and pick-up the dish from the right. Beverages, however, are to be both served as well as removed from the right-hand side.
Dip your soup spoon away from you into the soup. Eat soup noiselessly, from the side of the spoon. When there is a small amount left, you may lift the front end of the dish slightly with your free hand to enable collection of more soup with your spoon.
If you are having difficulty getting food onto your fork, use a small piece of bread or your knife to assist. Never use your fingers or thumb.
It is acceptable in the United States not to accept all offerings, and to not finish all the food on your plate. No one should ask why another doesn't want any of a dish or why he has not finished a serving.
There should be no negative comments about the food nor of the offerings available.
Chew with your mouth closed. Do not slurp, talk with food in your mouth, or make loud or unusual noises while eating.
Say "Excuse me," or "Excuse me. I'll be right back," before leaving the table. Do not state that you are going to the restroom.
Do not talk excessively loudly. Give others equal opportunities for conversation.
Refrain from blowing your nose at the table. Excuse yourself from the table if you must do so.
Burping, coughing, yawning, or sneezing at the table should be avoided. If you do so, say, "Excuse me."
Never slouch or tilt back while seated in your chair.
Do not "play with" your food or utensils. Never wave or point silverware.
You may rest forearms or hands on the table, but not elbows.
Do not talk on your phone or "text" at the table, or otherwise do something distracting, such as read or listen to a personal music player. Reading at the table is permitted only at breakfast. If an urgent matter arises, apologize, excuse yourself, and step away from the table so your conversation does not disturb the others.
If food must be removed from the mouth for some reason, it should be done using the same method which was used to bring the food to the mouth, i.e. by hand, by fork, etc., with the exception of fish bones, which are removed from the mouth between the fingers.
Before asking for additional helpings, always finish the serving on your plate first.
Gentlemen should stand when a lady leaves or rejoins the table in formal social settings.
Using utensils
The fork is used to convey solid food to the mouth. Do not use your fingers unless eating foods customarily eaten as such, such as bread, asparagus spears, chicken wings, pizza, etc.
Do not make unnecessary noises with utensils.
The fork may be used either in the "American" style (use the fork in your left hand while cutting; switch to right hand to pick up and eat a piece) or the European "Continental" style (fork always in left hand).
Unless a knife stand is provided, the knife should be placed on the edge of your plate when not in use and should face inward.
As courses are served, use your silverware from the outside moving inward toward the main plate. Dessert utensils are either above the main plate or served with dessert.
At the end of the meal
When you have finished your meal, place all used utensils onto your plate together, on the right side, pointed up, so the waiter knows you have finished. Do not place used utensils on the table.
Except in a public restaurant, do not ask to take some uneaten food or leftovers home, and never do so when attending a formal dinner. A host may suggest that extra food be taken by the guests, but should not insist.
Leave the napkin on the seat of your chair only if leaving temporarily. When you leave the table at the end of the meal, loosely place the used napkin on the table to the left of your plate.
资料6 In America, before the coming of guests, the host never serves more than 6 dishes.Sometimes, the dishes prepared for guests are extremely simple. The Americans hope their guests are joyful. Meanwhile, they think that invitation is just an occasion for intercourse, a chance of the maintenance of friendship. And the most important is to get much useful information by entertainment. Influenced by this idea, entertainment in America hardly attach importance to food, but also have various and free ways of entertainment. They create a relaxed, comfortable and delighted air for their guest in a thousand and one ways. They want to make their guest enjoy that
good time freely. When the feast starts, the Americans are also warm to guests, urge guests to drink and eat, but only once or twice. They consider saying too much world force their views on others. It does not conform to the way one gets along with people. At last, the Americans like to have some pastries and drink coffee. The coffee spoon is not used to pound the sugar cube into pieces. The spoon is only used to stir the coffee. And do not scoop up coffee dipper and dipper. When people drink coffee, they eat some pastries. They do not take pastry in one hand, and hold coffee in another hand. Drinking does not alternate with eating. Otherwise, people will feel they are greedy. In addition, people do not add sugar to coffee for others. It is impolite to add sugar without knowing others' taste.
On common occasions, the last names are used on the table except when there is more than one guest with the same surname, in which case "Mr. Tom Wolf" and "Mr. Jake Wolf" are written to make the distinction. If there are no place cards, the hostess will tell guests where she would like them to sit. Guests' setting would be arranged with men and women alternating on either side. The host leads the way for the guest. The hostess is always the last to go into the dining room. Men should hold chairs for the women on their right. The male guest of honor, even through he has escorted the hostess' left seat her. Women sit down as soon as they find their place, even through the hostess remains standing everyone is at his or her chair. Men do not sit down until the hostess is seated. When there is more than one table, the host should sit at one table and the hostess at another. A good friend may be asked to act as surrogate host at another table and see that wine is served or plates refilled. Furthermore, husbands and wives are usually separated at a dinner. Since they have the opportunity to talk together all the time, having a different dinner partner offers the chance for comfortable conversation with people other than their own spouses.
In America, When you have finished your meal, place all used utensils onto your plate together, on the right side, pointed up, so the waiter knows you have finished. Do not place used utensils on the table.
Except in a public restaurant, do not ask to take some uneaten food or leftovers home, and never do so when attending a formal dinner. A host may suggest that extra food be taken by the guests, but should not insist.
Leave the napkin on your chair only if leaving temporarily. When you leave the table at the end of the meal, loosely place the used napkin on the table to the left of your plate.
Wait for your host or hostess to rise before getting up from a dinner party table.
Thank your host when leaving a dinner party.
Once dessert, after-dinner coffee, or the equivalent is served, be wary not to overstay your welcome. The party who first wishes to end the event should rise and say something like, "This has been such a nice evening. We hope we can see you again soon."
范文五:美国餐桌礼仪
文化点滴 Culture
American Table Manners 美 国 餐 桌 礼 仪 Author Unknown 译 / 空竹
Tableware1)
Always put the napkin on your lap first. As the meal is served, use the one farthest from the plate first. Before you leave the table, fold your napkin and put it beside your plate.
2)
餐具
就餐时永远应先把餐巾放在大腿上。 在用餐过程中应首先使用离餐盘最远的餐 具。 餐毕离席时, 应叠好餐巾, 放在餐盘旁。
如何就餐
需耐心等待他人的饭菜都上齐后方 可就餐。 男主人或女主人可能会邀请你在 其他人就绪前开始进餐, 因为如果你等所 有人的饭菜都上齐后再用餐, 一些菜可能 会凉了。 但此时, 你也应该等三四个人的 饭菜上齐后再开始用餐。 用餐时,男主人或女主人往往会再 为你添菜。而当他们询问时,要直接回 答。 假如你第一次谢绝了, 他们一般就不 会再问你了。 在进餐时, 切忌含着满嘴东西说话。 当你用餐完毕, 应把刀叉并排放在盘中。 这表示你已经吃完了。
How to eat
Wait until everyone has been served to begin eating. The host or hostess may invite you to start eating before everyone is served, since some foods may be cold if you wait until everyone is served. At this time, you should wait until three or four people have been served before starting to eat. During the meal, the host or hostess will offer you a second helping of food. When they ask, give a direct answer. If you refuse the first time, they might not ask you again. While eating, remember not to talk with your mouth full. When you have finished your meal, place your knife and fork side by side on the plate. This signals that you have finished eating.
切记与切忌
用餐时,可以请他人帮你传递你够 不到的菜。较好的说法是: “请帮我递一 下……” ,或“劳驾您能把……递给我 吗?” 如果别人请你递盐瓶, 你应当将放 在一起的盐瓶与胡椒一并递出。 把盐瓶和 胡椒递给你旁边的人即可, 千万不要越过
Dos and Don'ts
At the table, ask others to pass you dishes that are out of your reach. Good phrases to know are: "Please pass the...." or "Could you hand me the..., please?" If asked to pass the salt to someone, you 122
文化点滴 Culture
should pass both the salt and pepper which are placed on the table together. Hand the salt and pep- per to the person seated next to you. Do not reach over the person next to you to pass anything to others. Do not lean on your arm or elbow while eating. You may rest your hand and wrist on the edge of the table. Cut large pieces of meat, potatoes and veg- etables into small pieces. Eat the pieces one at a time. Some foods may be eaten with your fingers. If you are not sure if it is proper to eat something by picking it up with your fingers, watch what others do before doing so yourself. Examples of foods which can be eaten with your fingers include: bacon which
3)
你身旁的人给别人递东西。 用餐时, 不要靠在肘部或手臂上。 你 可以把手和手腕放在餐桌的边沿上。 应当把大片的肉、 马铃薯或蔬菜切成 小片,而且一次只吃一片。 有些食品可以用手拿着吃。 如果你不 确定拿在手里吃究竟合适与否, 注意观察 他人是怎么做的,然后依样处理即可。一 些可以拿在手里吃的食物包括: 烤得卷曲 的熏肉、饼干、三明治、较小的水果和带 茎的浆果, 吃面包时应当用手撕开而不是 用刀切开。 大多数快餐都可以拿在手里吃。 此外,还有两件事需要注意:
面条的吃法
吃意大利面时, 要将面条缠绕在叉子 上。 勺子也可用来帮忙。 已经缠在叉子上的 面条应一口吃完,如果只吃一半而让另一 半掉回盘里,是非常不礼貌的。
has been cooked until it is very crisp ; bread should
4)
be broken rather than cut with a knife; cookies; sandwiches; and small fruits and berries on the stem. Most fast foods can be eaten with your fingers. Besides, there are two things that need mention: Noodles When eating spaghetti , wind the noodles up on
5) 6)
汤的喝法
喝汤时, 应把汤勺放在汤碗下面的盘 中。 喝汤时也不要发出啧啧的吮吸声。 不 要把勺子盛得太满, 也不要把汤碗端到嘴 边。 你可以稍稍倾斜汤碗以便让最后一点 儿汤流入勺中。 舀汤时, 应从里向外使用 汤勺。 当然, 在非正式场合, 上面提到的一些 规则是不十分严格的。 避免犯错的最好办法 就是注意观察你的西方朋友进餐的方式。 Vocabulary
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. tableware [ 5teIbElweEr] 餐具 n. napkin [5nApkIn] n. 餐巾, 餐巾纸 bacon [ 5beIkEn] 熏肉 n. crisp [ krIsp] adj. 脆的, 易碎的 spaghetti [spE5^etI] 意大利式细 n. 面条 wind [waInd] v. 缠 绕, slurp [ slE:p] 啧啧吃, v. 啜食 tip [tIp] 倾斜 v. relaxed [rI5lAkst] adj. 严格的 不
your fork. Spoon can be used to help. The spaghetti on your fork should be eaten in one bite. It is very impolite to eat half your noodles and allow the other half to fall back on your plate. Soup When eating soup, put the spoon on the plate beneath the bowl. And do not slurp the soup. Do not
7)
overfill the spoon and do not pick the bowl up to hold it closer to your mouth. You may tip8) away your bowl slightly to collect the last bit of soup to the spoon. The soup spoon is used by moving the spoon away from you. Anyway, some of the rules mentioned here may be somewhat relaxed9) in informal situations. And the best way to avoid making mistakes is to observe the way your western friends eat.
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