姓 名:

报考专业:

计划书题目:

2013年2月

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一、立题依据

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重点介绍本项目的科学意义、国内外现状，并附主要参考文献

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二、研究内容

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研究目标、研究内容、创新之处和拟解决的关键问题

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三、拟采取的研究方法、技术路线

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四、考核指标

预期成果

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博士生科研计划书模板

()姓 名: 报考专业: 计划书题目: 细胞角蛋白CK20 对胃癌微转移 的预测价值及临床意义2013 年2 月一、立题依据 1 重点介绍本项目的科学意义、国内外现状，并附主要参考文献 胃癌是最常见的恶性肿瘤之一，居消化道肿瘤发病率之首，多见于男性，男女发病率之比为2:1，死亡率居恶性肿瘤首位，平均死亡年龄为 61. 6 岁。 临床上诊断的多为进展期胃癌患者，即使经标准的根治性手术治疗，其5 年生存率仍在40左右，其凶钪匾脑蚴俏赴?颊呤鹾罅烁鼓ぷ啤近年来在临床开展的术前辅助化疗，也即新辅助化疗neoadjuvantchemotherapyNACT是指在恶性肿瘤局部治疗、手术或放疗前给予的全身或局部化疗，也称术前化疗preoperativechemotherapy。新辅助化疗是对肿瘤外科医生及内科医生观念上的一个挑战，其理论依据是:手术切除原发肿瘤可能会刺激剩余肿瘤细胞的生长肿瘤周围组织在术后血供改变影响化疗药物浓度及放疗效果新辅助化疗、放疗的组织病理学反应与预后呈正相关:可以达到预期的目的以提高手术切除率，减少术中播散可能性，降低肿瘤细胞活性消除潜在的微转移灶， 降低术后转移复发的可能术前通过可测量病灶及术后标本准确判定临床缓解率和病理学有效率新辅助治疗可剔除不宜手术治疗的患者。新辅助化疗使进展期胃癌治疗的效果得到显著改善，Wilke 等1和Plukker 2的II 期临床试验发现，NACT 能够使原剖腹探查无法切除的胃癌获得30-50的再切除率，这些再切除患者的中位生存期为24 个月，远高于原无法切除患者小于6 个月的生存期。胃癌的腹膜转移和复发占所有胃癌术后复发的半数以上，而腹膜转移者的5 年生存率低于 20。临床所遇腹膜转移患者多数在已出现腹水、盆腔肿块或肠梗阻时才得以确诊，已失去治疗最好时机，故胃癌腹膜转移的早期诊断和治疗具有重要意义。腹膜转移的关键因素是腹腔内脱落的癌细胞和腹膜微转移灶的存在。 微转移是指在手术治疗时已经存在的各种机体组织、及细胞移植物中的肿瘤残留，是用常规形态学诊断技术不能检测出的、隐匿在原发灶以外的转移。胃癌腹膜微转移指术前或术中常规检查难以发现的，单个癌细胞或一小簇癌细胞构成的种植于腹膜的微小转移。 胃癌腹膜转移发生的途径和步骤可能为:1.原发灶的肿瘤细胞穿透浆膜，脱落到腹腔内，形成高度生物活性的游离肿瘤细胞。2.在一些因子的介导下粘附在腹膜上。3.在基质消化酶和相关因子的作用下，肿瘤细胞向腹膜组织浸润。4.肿瘤细胞不断增值，形成种植结节3。前3 个阶段为微转移阶段，肉眼不可见，亦无法用影像学方法或常规 HE 染色诊断，须通过免疫组织化学或 PCR等方法检测肿瘤特异性标志物。第 4 阶段已经形成肉眼或影像学检查可见的转移。近年来，组织化学和分子生物学技术的迅速发展使得微转移领域也有了较快的发展 随着免疫组化和RT-PCR方法的应用越来越趋向于成熟化和规范化，微转移检测领域日益受到重视，肿瘤微转移的检测可望成为肿瘤患者的常规检查。 2目前对于胃癌腹膜微转移诊断的研究多集中在对腹腔内脱落癌细胞ECC的研究，其中最简便、常用的是腹腔灌洗液细胞学检查印，但是 PLC 的阳性率低。随着免疫细胞化学和逆转录一聚合酶链反应reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction RT-PCR方法的发展和应用，ECC的检出率大大提高。但腹腔内脱落的癌细胞必须粘附于腹膜、着床并增殖方可形成微转移灶和转移灶。所以腹膜组织内种植癌细胞的检测，可以更直观地证实胃癌腹膜微转移的存在。 目前对于胃癌腹膜微转移的研究已经越来越多，但大多数都是针对腹腔冲洗液、腹腔脱落细胞进行研究术中取腹膜组织进行检测的，较少报道，而像本试验一样，术中多处取材，取横结肠系膜前叶、网膜囊后壁近胰腺上缘处、胰腺被膜、盆

底腹膜组织，检测胃癌腹膜微转移者，尚无报道。本试验证实免疫组化法检测细胞角蛋白CK20 能够检测胃癌腹膜微转移，并为胃癌根治术术式的胃癌细胞比较容易通过脱落种植，淋巴转移等途径扩散到胃周系膜组织内。 如果能在在胃癌根治术中对多处腹膜组织进行活检，行免疫组化染色，检测CK20，并与常规HE 染色及PLC 检查结果相比较。结果表明，虽然常规HE 染色检查并不能发现，实际上横结肠系膜前叶、胰腺被膜和胰腺上方的网膜囊后壁等处组织内确实已存在微转移灶以保障手术的彻底性.腹腔化疗是一操作简单而行之有效的治疗方法，能改善经静脉化疗无法完成的腹腔内游离癌细胞阳性和镜下腹膜转移患者的抗肿瘤果，可治疗进展期胃癌术后腹腔残存微小癌灶，并防止腹腔复发。可以通过术中腹腔内置化疗药物缓释剂或术后通过留置导管腹腔内,骨换颇壳吧形尥骋坏挠靡?曜迹鸩接傻ヒ挥靡?蛄嫌靡??埂,骨换埔话愫苌俜?现夭???刖猜龌葡啾龋淙聿???案弊饔玫姆?式系停植坎???姆?式细撸?应注意预防刑会军及早诊断胃癌腹膜微转移，对于胃癌复发和预后的判断及指导临床治疗有着极其重要的意义。 临床所见的胃癌多为进展期胃癌，约 50的患者术后可发生腹膜转移4。发生腹膜转移的患者对静脉辅助化疗、放疗等治疗手段均不敏感，生存率较低。故及早现腹膜微转移，早期治疗，预防和阻断腹膜转移的发生显得尤为重要，而对于已发生腹膜转移的患者，可通过减瘤手术配合腹腔化疗，以期延长患者的生存时间。1 Wilke H Preusser P Fink U et al. Preoperative chemotherapyin locally advanced

and nonresectablegastric cancer:a phase II study with etoposide doxorubicin andcisplatin

J . J ClinOncol19897:1318-1326. 32 Plukker JT Mulder NH Sleijfer DT et al

Chemotherapy and surgery for locallyadvanced cancer of thecardia and fundus: phase II

studywith methotrexate and 5-fluorouracill J . Br J Surg1991 78: 955-958.3吴晴，程海霞，李兆申. 疾病分册.2005 25 3:胃癌腹膜微转移的基因研究进展「J.国外医学.消化139-143.4 Tanak TKumagai KShimizu Ket al. Peritoneal metastasis ingastric cancer with

particular reference tolymphatic advancement extranodal invasion is agnificant risk

factorfor peritoneal metastasis.J SurgOnco1200075:165-171. 4二、研究内容 研究目标、研究内容、创新之处和拟解决的关键问题本研究在胃癌根治术中对多处腹膜组织进行活检，行免疫组化染色，检测CK20，并与常规HE 染色及 PLC 检查结果相比较。虽然常规 HE 染色检查并不能发现，胰腺被膜、横结肠系膜前叶、和胰腺上方的网膜囊后壁等处组织内确实已存在微转移灶，并且微转移发生概率与肿瘤大小、侵透浆膜等因素相关。因此对于进展期胃癌，尤其是肿瘤较大、侵透浆膜者，应该剥离横结肠系膜前叶、胰腺被膜的网膜囊后壁，争取做到网膜囊完整切除，以保证手术的根治性。胃癌腹膜转移发生的途径和步骤可能为:1.原发灶的肿瘤细胞穿透浆膜，脱落到腹腔内，形成高度生物活性的游离肿瘤细胞。2.在一些相关因子的介导下粘附在腹膜上。3.在基质消化酶和相关因子的作用下，肿瘤细胞向腹膜组织浸润。4.肿瘤细胞不断增值，形成种植结节。第4 阶段已经形成肉眼或影像学检查可见的转移，并可由常规病理检查确定。前 3 个阶段为微转移阶段，肉眼不可见，亦无法用影像学方法或常规HE 染色诊断，必须通过免疫组织化学或PCR 等方法检测肿瘤特异性标志物。近年来，组织化学和分子生物学技术的迅速发展使得微转移领域也有了较快的发展随着免疫组化和逆转录一聚合酶链反应RT-PCR方法的应用越来越趋向于成熟化和规范化，微转移检测领域日益受到重视，肿瘤微转移的检测可望成为肿瘤患者的常规检查。虽然取腹腔冲洗液检查具有操作简便、花费较少等优点，但

无论是细胞学检查、化学发光酶联免疫法或RT-PCR 技术，仅仅只是确定游离癌细胞的存在，这些检测方法通胃癌术中取腹膜组织检测微转移的研究国内外较少报道，是近年来比较新的研究领域。术中取材部位有直肠膀肤陷凹直肠子宫陷凹、横结肠系膜、大网膜等，检测方法主要有免疫组织化学方法和RT-PCR。取腹膜组织检测胃癌腹膜微转移，其阳性率一般低于取腹腔灌洗液用同种方法检测的结果。这是因为腹膜取材具有一定的局限性，，但不能确诊腹膜微转移游离的肿瘤细胞必须经过粘附、降解腹膜细胞外基质、着床于腹膜间皮组织并增殖才能形成腹膜微转移. 另外脱落的肿瘤细胞必须经过粘附、浸润、增值等阶段才能形成腹膜微转移。因此，取腹膜组织检测可以直观地证实腹膜微转移灶的存在。过确定游离癌细胞的存在，对腹膜转移、复发有一定的预测价值.本研究于胃癌根治术中自横结肠系膜前叶、网膜囊后壁近胰腺上缘处、盆底腹膜处取活，用免疫组化方法检测细胞角蛋白CK20，研究胃癌患者腹膜微转移的情况，胃癌根治手术经过一个多世纪的发 5展已经相当成熟，近年来在进展期胃癌根治术中，剥离横结肠系膜前叶和胰腺被膜己逐渐成为常规，并有学者提出了胃全系膜切除和胃癌根治术中网膜囊完整切除的概念，以求达到根治。胃全系膜切除术是指完整切除胃腹侧、背侧系膜内所有的组织结构，包括胃及其血管和淋巴脂肪组织。网膜囊完整切除是指将网膜囊的后壁与前壁及胃包括周围淋巴脂肪组织。但胃周系膜内是否存胃癌微转移灶分析腹膜微转移与胃癌大小、侵透膜与否、肿瘤分期、淋巴结转移等临床因素的关系，探讨胃癌腹膜微转发生的因素和微转移的规律，为手术方式选择、判断预后及建立个体化的术后治疗方案提供更可靠的依据。鉴于胃癌行淋巴结清扫一直缺乏较为可靠的理论依据，且剥离操作易进入错误分离层面，造成出血、系膜剥离不全、术后淋巴漏、胰漏等，故对于进展期胃癌是否应该行此术式值得探讨。胃周围系膜表面上无关联，但在胚胎解剖学上具有高度的组织同源性。在胚胎时期，胃腹侧系膜在前肠旋转中形成小网膜，胃背侧系膜的前后两层则广泛覆盖胃、脾、胰腺，衍化成为大网膜、胃脾韧带、胰腺被膜等。在胚胎时期前肠旋转中，胃周围系膜与系膜、系膜与脏器和后腹壁相互靠近并贴在一起发生融合，形成潜在的，分布广泛的，充满淋巴组织和疏松结缔组织的间隙l，容许恶性病变沿其扩散、蔓延。胃癌细胞比较容易通过脱落种植，淋巴转移等途径扩散到胃周系膜组织内。如果能在在胃癌根治术中对多处腹膜组织进行活检，行免疫组化染色，检测CK20，并与常规HE 染色及PLC 检查结果相比较。结果表明，虽然常规HE 染色检查并不能发现，实际上横结肠系膜前叶、胰腺被膜和胰腺上方的网膜囊后壁等处组织内确实已存在微转移灶，并且微转移发生概率与肿瘤大小、侵透浆膜等因素相关。因此对于进展期胃癌，尤其是肿瘤较大、侵透浆膜者，应该剥离横结肠系膜前叶、胰腺被膜和胰腺上方的网膜囊后壁，争取做到网膜囊完整切除，以保证手术的根治性。另外淋巴转移途径在腹膜微转移中占有一定的地位，胃癌根治术中必须严格行D2 淋巴结清扫。 6三、拟采取的研究方法、技术路线选取术前影像学检查及手术中探查未发现周围脏器侵犯(如:肝脏、胰腺、横结肠及其系膜等)、远处转移的患者胃癌肿瘤标本。患者术中为减少腹腔游离癌细胞和脱落种植转移，均实行腹腔高温灌洗，术后进行常规病理学检查以及脱落细胞学和腹腔灌洗液检查，腹腔冲洗液细胞学检查采用转速控制在1600 转/分的低速离心机，上清液去除，沉渣图片行瑞氏染色，镜下观察。检测到癌细胞即为阳性。并去腹膜组织做HE 染色，标本来自横结肠系膜、男性直肠膀胱陷凹(女性为直肠

子宫陷凹)以及网膜囊后壁，采用免疫组化的方法(免疫组化染色采用链霉菌抗生物素蛋白一过氧化酶连接sP法)检查CK20，与腹腔灌洗液体细胞学检查做对比。CK20 阳性者，视为转移，所取不同部位的腹膜组织有一处阳性者即认为发生了腹膜微转移。CK20 存在于上皮来源的肿瘤之中，表达于细胞浆，以胞浆染为淡黄色到深棕黄色，染色强度明显高于背景者为阳性。凡无黄色染色且显色强度与背景无明显差别者为阴性图 5。本试验中若 HE 染色阴性，而 CK20 阳性者，即视为该处腹膜组织发生了微转移。同一病人所取的横结肠系膜前叶、网膜囊后壁近胰腺上缘处、直肠膀肤陷凹直肠子宫陷凹腹膜组织中有一处或一处以上发生微转移者，视为发生了腹膜微转移。比较免疫组化Ck20 腹膜微转移的阳性率与腹腔灌洗液细胞学检查的阳性率。应用SPSS 统计软件进行数据分析。是否发生腹膜微转移与肿瘤侵浆膜与否，淋巴结转移等临床资料的分析采用卡方检验。 7四、考核指标 预期成果 随着免疫组织学和分子生物学技术的不断进步，胃癌微转移的检测手段也越来越可靠，这将为临床工作信卸显ず蟆??袷跏健?范馨徒崆迳ǚ段А?鹾笕妨?制诩敖?鎏寤幕品桨柑峁?靠的依据，在胃癌的诊治中发挥更加重要的作用。由于大量文献中所表现出来的CK20 在胃癌微转移检测中较好的敏感性和特异性，选择CK20 作为免疫组化染色的指标CK20 的表达率高于PLC 的检出率，CK20 是检测胃癌腹膜微转移的较好指标，具有较高的灵敏度。鉴于临床所见的胃癌多为进展期胃癌，约50的患者术后可发生腹膜转移四」。发生腹膜转移的患者对原静脉辅助化疗、新辅助化疗以及放疗等治疗手段均不敏感，生存率偏低。因此及可通过减瘤手术配合腹腔化疗早发现腹膜微转移，早治疗，早预防和阻断腹膜转移的发生显得尤为重要，而对于已发生腹膜转移的患者，，以减少病人的痛苦改善病人的症状延长中卫生存时间.存时间。并且有可能为胃癌根治术以及胃癌的综合治疗提供参考依据和价值.

博士研究生科研计划书 模板

,上海医学院,

姓 名:

报考专业:

计划书题目:

2013年2月

6 HG20201-2000 construction installation engineering construction standard 7, HG ... Pressure gauges, using an installed spark arrestor for acetylene cylinders, illegal carrying, using gas cylinders, each operator fined 20 Yuan. Gas bottle without the hot sun exposure measures, responsibilities of team a fine of 50 Yuan. (7) at height and the opening and provisional protective measures have been taken, the responsible unit fined 200 Yuan, construction person in charge a fine of 50 Yuan. (8) no permit to work and the job in accordance with the provisions, on the job unit fined 300 yuan, the unit will charge a fine of 100 Yuan. 7.5.3 accident penalties (1) injuries fatalities directly punished 1~2 million. Direct responsibility for the accident and have the corresponding responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions, should be brought to the company or the relevant Department. (2) personal injury accident occurred, the direct punishment 0.5-10,000 yuan, responsible for the direct responsibility for the accident and the responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the personnel Department of the company. (3) personal injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit

一、立题依据

重点介绍本项目的科学意义、国内外现状，并附主要参考文献

ership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuitsanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the administrative lead 100 economic-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-rect punishment 500rative sanctions should be dealt with by the personnel Department of the company. (3) personal injury accident occurs, the diing administ10,000 yuan, responsible for the direct responsibility for the accident and the responsibility of leadership, such as concern-be brought to the company or the relevant Department. (2) personal injury accident occurred, the direct punishment 0.5ould ity for the accident and have the corresponding responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions, shcharge a fine of 100 Yuan. 7.5.3 accident penalties (1) injuries fatalities directly punished 1~2 million. Direct responsibil t willfine of 50 Yuan. (8) no permit to work and the job in accordance with the provisions, on the job unit fined 300 yuan, the uning and provisional protective measures have been taken, the responsible unit fined 200 Yuan, construction person in charge a openi20 Yuan. Gas bottle without the hot sun exposure measures, responsibilities of team a fine of 50 Yuan. (7) at height and the gauges, using an installed spark arrestor for acetylene cylinders, illegal carrying, using gas cylinders, each operator fined2000 construction installation engineering construction standard 7, HG ... Pressure -6 HG20201 1

二、研究内容

研究目标、研究内容、创新之处和拟解决的关键问题

se, to inform the administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or fal-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-sonal injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500ing administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the personnel Department of the company. (3) per10,000 yuan, responsible for the direct responsibility for the accident and the responsibility of leadership, such as concern-ed, the direct punishment 0.5occurrncerning administrative sanctions, should be brought to the company or the relevant Department. (2) personal injury accident ished 1~2 million. Direct responsibility for the accident and have the corresponding responsibility of leadership, such as coly punthe job unit fined 300 yuan, the unit will charge a fine of 100 Yuan. 7.5.3 accident penalties (1) injuries fatalities directan, construction person in charge a fine of 50 Yuan. (8) no permit to work and the job in accordance with the provisions, on 200 Yune of 50 Yuan. (7) at height and the opening and provisional protective measures have been taken, the responsible unit fined g gas cylinders, each operator fined 20 Yuan. Gas bottle without the hot sun exposure measures, responsibilities of team a fifor acetylene cylinders, illegal carrying, usin 2000 construction installation engineering construction standard 7, HG ... Pressure gauges, using an installed spark arrestor-6 HG20201 2

三、拟采取的研究方法、技术路线

ership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuitsanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the administrative lead 100 economic-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-rect punishment 500rative sanctions should be dealt with by the personnel Department of the company. (3) personal injury accident occurs, the diing administ10,000 yuan, responsible for the direct responsibility for the accident and the responsibility of leadership, such as concern-be brought to the company or the relevant Department. (2) personal injury accident occurred, the direct punishment 0.5ould ity for the accident and have the corresponding responsibility of leadership, such as concerning administrative sanctions, shcharge a fine of 100 Yuan. 7.5.3 accident penalties (1) injuries fatalities directly punished 1~2 million. Direct responsibil t willfine of 50 Yuan. (8) no permit to work and the job in accordance with the provisions, on the job unit fined 300 yuan, the uning and provisional protective measures have been taken, the responsible unit fined 200 Yuan, construction person in charge a openi20 Yuan. Gas bottle without the hot sun exposure measures, responsibilities of team a fine of 50 Yuan. (7) at height and the gauges, using an installed spark arrestor for acetylene cylinders, illegal carrying, using gas cylinders, each operator fined2000 construction installation engineering construction standard 7, HG ... Pressure -6 HG20201 3

四、考核指标

预期成果

se, to inform the administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or fal-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-sonal injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500ing administrative sanctions should be dealt with by the personnel Department of the company. (3) per10,000 yuan, responsible for the direct responsibility for the accident and the responsibility of leadership, such as concern-ed, the direct punishment 0.5occurrncerning administrative sanctions, should be brought to the company or the relevant Department. (2) personal injury accident ished 1~2 million. Direct responsibility for the accident and have the corresponding responsibility of leadership, such as coly punthe job unit fined 300 yuan, the unit will charge a fine of 100 Yuan. 7.5.3 accident penalties (1) injuries fatalities directan, construction person in charge a fine of 50 Yuan. (8) no permit to work and the job in accordance with the provisions, on 200 Yune of 50 Yuan. (7) at height and the opening and provisional protective measures have been taken, the responsible unit fined g gas cylinders, each operator fined 20 Yuan. Gas bottle without the hot sun exposure measures, responsibilities of team a fifor acetylene cylinders, illegal carrying, usin 2000 construction installation engineering construction standard 7, HG ... Pressure gauges, using an installed spark arrestor-6 HG20201 4

博士研究生科研计划书 模板

,上海医学院,

姓 名:

报考专业:

计划书题目:

2013年2月

layout development cities in developed countries show that developing rail transit Guide and an important means of achieving sustainable urban development. More than the bulk of the urban rail transit vehicles, rail traffic in the urban space layout and guide the evacuation, optimizing the structure and other aspects also play an important role in its role as the scale becomes more important. Rail transit on land development and stimulation is achieved through its good accessibility, under the dual role of mechanisms in land and planning, transport accessibility high land along the rail transit development and high strength, promotion of urban morphology and land use patterns to adjust accordingly. 1, and Copenhagen 1947, Copenhagen refers to shaped planning introduced, requirements land development along narrow of finger corridor concentrated, refers to shaped planning guide big Copenhagen area along track traffic line clear defined of corridor for Metro development, through track traffic and city development of integration, will along development concentrated in track station around a km around, around track site land implementation integrated intensive development, and provides good of non-mobile of way received connection facilities, Ensure that a larger proportion of the region's residents commute using mass transit. Figure 5.1-3 Copenhagen Metro City Development 2, Tokyo 5.1-4 Tokyo Metro to guide regional development (left: 1950, right: 2000) formation is the mass transit system of the city of Tokyo, which have been developed under the guidance of. Eastern suburbs ... Established to track traffic based on the network-city, using rail-oriented intensive development mode has been recognized in many cities. Created the urban structure of the node, forming the urban rail transit-dependent and lifestyle, as well as mass transit systems provide adequate passenger protection. 5.1.3 to guide the healthy development of

一、立题依据

重点介绍本项目的科学意义、国内外现状，并附主要参考文献

-transit. Figure 5.1mobile of way received connection facilities, Ensure that a larger proportion of the region's residents commute using mass -tation integrated intensive development, and provides good of nonplemenevelopment of integration, will along development concentrated in track station around a km around, around track site land imig Copenhagen area along track traffic line clear defined of corridor for Metro development, through track traffic and city dide bplanning introduced, requirements land development along narrow of finger corridor concentrated, refers to shaped planning gu romotion of urban morphology and land use patterns to adjust accordingly. 1, and Copenhagen 1947, Copenhagen refers to shapedth, prole of mechanisms in land and planning, transport accessibility high land along the rail transit development and high streng s more important. Rail transit on land development and stimulation is achieved through its good accessibility, under the dualbecomeut and guide the evacuation, optimizing the structure and other aspects also play an important role in its role as the scale ng sustainable urban development. More than the bulk of the urban rail transit vehicles, rail traffic in the urban space layolayout development cities in developed countries show that developing rail transit Guide and an important means of achievi1.3 to guide the healthy development ofdependent and lifestyle, as well as mass transit systems provide adequate passenger protection. 5.1-urban rail transitoriented intensive development mode has been recognized in many cities. Created the urban structure of the node, forming the -, using railcity-yo, which have been developed under the guidance of. Eastern suburbs ... Established to track traffic based on the network4 Tokyo Metro to guide regional development (left: 1950, right: 2000) formation is the mass transit system of the city of Tok-5.13 Copenhagen Metro City Development 2, Tokyo

二、研究内容

研究目标、研究内容、创新之处和拟解决的关键问题

-3 Copenhagen Metro City Development 2, Tokyo 5.1-ommute using mass transit. Figure 5.1mobile of way received connection facilities, Ensure that a larger proportion of the region's residents c-nd provides good of nont concentrated in track station around a km around, around track site land implementation integrated intensive development, alopmene clear defined of corridor for Metro development, through track traffic and city development of integration, will along deveent along narrow of finger corridor concentrated, refers to shaped planning guide big Copenhagen area along track traffic linvelopmpatterns to adjust accordingly. 1, and Copenhagen 1947, Copenhagen refers to shaped planning introduced, requirements land deort accessibility high land along the rail transit development and high strength, promotion of urban morphology and land use transpelopment and stimulation is achieved through its good accessibility, under the dual role of mechanisms in land and planning, cture and other aspects also play an important role in its role as the scale becomes more important. Rail transit on land deve strun the bulk of the urban rail transit vehicles, rail traffic in the urban space layout and guide the evacuation, optimizing thcountries show that developing rail transit Guide and an important means of achieving sustainable urban development. More thalayout development cities in developed 2festyle, as well as mass transit systems provide adequate passenger protection. 5.1.3 to guide the healthy development ofdependent and li-urban rail transitoriented intensive development mode has been recognized in many cities. Created the urban structure of the node, forming the -city, using rail-ance of. Eastern suburbs ... Established to track traffic based on the networkyo, which have been developed under the guid4 Tokyo Metro to guide regional development (left: 1950, right: 2000) formation is the mass transit system of the city of Tok

三、拟采取的研究方法、技术路线

-transit. Figure 5.1mobile of way received connection facilities, Ensure that a larger proportion of the region's residents commute using mass -tation integrated intensive development, and provides good of nonplemenevelopment of integration, will along development concentrated in track station around a km around, around track site land imig Copenhagen area along track traffic line clear defined of corridor for Metro development, through track traffic and city dide bplanning introduced, requirements land development along narrow of finger corridor concentrated, refers to shaped planning gu romotion of urban morphology and land use patterns to adjust accordingly. 1, and Copenhagen 1947, Copenhagen refers to shapedth, prole of mechanisms in land and planning, transport accessibility high land along the rail transit development and high streng s more important. Rail transit on land development and stimulation is achieved through its good accessibility, under the dualbecomeut and guide the evacuation, optimizing the structure and other aspects also play an important role in its role as the scale ng sustainable urban development. More than the bulk of the urban rail transit vehicles, rail traffic in the urban space layolayout development cities in developed countries show that developing rail transit Guide and an important means of achievi3.3 to guide the healthy development ofdependent and lifestyle, as well as mass transit systems provide adequate passenger protection. 5.1-urban rail transitoriented intensive development mode has been recognized in many cities. Created the urban structure of the node, forming the -, using railcity-yo, which have been developed under the guidance of. Eastern suburbs ... Established to track traffic based on the network4 Tokyo Metro to guide regional development (left: 1950, right: 2000) formation is the mass transit system of the city of Tok-5.13 Copenhagen Metro City Development 2, Tokyo

四、考核指标

预期成果

nd provides good of nont concentrated in track station around a km around, around track site land implementation integrated intensive development, alopmene clear defined of corridor for Metro development, through track traffic and city development of integration, will along deveent along narrow of finger corridor concentrated, refers to shaped planning guide big Copenhagen area along track traffic linvelopmpatterns to adjust accordingly. 1, and Copenhagen 1947, Copenhagen refers to shaped planning introduced, requirements land deort accessibility high land along the rail transit development and high strength, promotion of urban morphology and land use transpelopment and stimulation is achieved through its good accessibility, under the dual role of mechanisms in land and planning, cture and other aspects also play an important role in its role as the scale becomes more important. Rail transit on land deve strun the bulk of the urban rail transit vehicles, rail traffic in the urban space layout and guide the evacuation, optimizing thcountries show that developing rail transit Guide and an important means of achieving sustainable urban development. More thalayout development cities in developed 4festyle, as well as mass transit systems provide adequate passenger protection. 5.1.3 to guide the healthy development ofdependent and li-urban rail transitoriented intensive development mode has been recognized in many cities. Created the urban structure of the node, forming the -city, using rail-ance of. Eastern suburbs ... Established to track traffic based on the networkyo, which have been developed under the guid4 Tokyo Metro to guide regional development (left: 1950, right: 2000) formation is the mass transit system of the city of Tok-3 Copenhagen Metro City Development 2, Tokyo 5.1-ommute using mass transit. Figure 5.1mobile of way received connection facilities, Ensure that a larger proportion of the region's residents c-

联合培养博士生研修计划书模板_20091890408

大连理工大学国家公派研究生(联合培养博士生)研修计划书

Research Plan for CSC Scholarship Program, DLUT

姓名/Name 学号/Student ID

出生年月日/Date of birth 性别/Gender (yy/mm/dd)

所在学院/College 所学专业/Major

国内导师/Domestic 留学国别/Host supervisor foreign country

留学院系/Host 国外留学院/Host faculty or foreign institution department

国外导师/Host 研究领域/Area of research foreign supervisor

months (from ( yy/ mm/) to 学习期限/Duration of Study ( yy/ mm/)

课题研究项目/RESEARCH PROJECT (篇幅1000字以上)

研究课题名称/RESEARCH TITLE :

研究课题在国内外研究情况及水平THE CURRENT RESEARCH CONDITION AND LEVEL OF THE RESEARCH PROJECT AT HOME AND ABROAD:

申请人国内科研准备工作概述 THE SUMMERY OF THE RESEARCH PREPARATION

研究课题的目的及出国学习预期目标THE AIM AND EXPECTATION OF THE RESEARCH:

1

研究具体实施方法THE EXPERIMENTAL METHODS AND DATA ANALYSIS METHODS (where required):

科研工作时间安排 THE ARRAGEMENT OF THE RESEARCH WORK:

回国后续工作/学习计划THE STUDY/WORK PLAN AFTER RETURNING TO CHINA:

国内导师签字 SIGNATURE OF DOMESTIC SUPERVISOR:

Date(yy/mm/dd) :

国外导师签字SIGNATURE OF HOST FOREIGN SUPERVISOR:

Date(yy/mm/dd):

2

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