踏过荆棘
阅读理解
一、教学目标:掌握阅读技巧、了解中考阅读理解题型、
提高阅读能力
二、导入
Questionnaire
1.Do you have great difficulty finishing reading comprehension in the exam? Why?
2. Read Passage4&5&7&8 On Page105-109and find out which kinds of questions you feel difficult to answer.
Find detailed information?
Give the main idea? Find the topic sentence?
Guess the meaning of the word?
Do you want to do all the questions in reading comprehension correctly? If you want to succeed, please follow me.
三、课堂研讨
1
(一)The main question patterns
1.The Fact Question(查找事实、细节型)
2.Words in the Context (猜测词义型)
3.The Inference Question(判断推理型)
4.The Title/Main idea Question(概括主旨大意型)
(二)In what way can we work outthe meaning of
new words?
1.构词法
2.、
3、近、反义词
4、根据上下文判断 词意
?Is it difficult for you to get up in the morning? Do you
sometimes oversleep? 合成词:睡过头
over=too much
overcrowded, overwork?
Tip1:
?根据合成词中的已知词含义进行整合，
?放入语境中进行猜测。
?With their shining brown eyes, and unconditional
help，dogs can provide the blind with confidence
无条件的
Prefixes: un, ir, dis, im...
2
Tip2:根据生词中已学的词干和前后缀进行推测
?A plumber is someone who knows how to fix broken pipes.
管道工
?确定语境，进行词意辨析
?The old woman has a strange habit to keep over 100 cats in her house. Her neighbors also called her an eccentric lady.
A. kind B. strange C. specialD.strict
?Twelve,year,old Sally was an active girl，but her
sister was quite sedate( A. prettyB. calm C. protective D. energetic
Tip4:利用近义词猜测词义.(关键词:also, that is to say?)
利用反义词猜测词义.(关键词: but ,never,unlike, however, instead, on the other hand...)
?Albert's success after much effort and practice proves the value of persistence.
A. time B. competition C. insistenceD. beginning again
Tip5:
?根据上下文语境翻译该生词所在的句子?然后进行判
断。
Practice makes perfect
3
?For players, playing well and winning are often life-and-death events 生死攸关的
?Pantomime means a short play in which no words are spoken.
哑剧
?Be punctual when you are going to the party.
Never be late
准时的
(三)判断推理
Inference Question
一 :命题方式:
问句中都含有suggest, infer, conclude?
判断推理题的设问方式:
1. The author sugg
ests/infers_____
2. Where can we find this kind of passage?_____
3. From the passage it can be inferred that__
4. It can be concluded from the passage____.
5.What conclusion can be drawn ?_ _______.
6. The passage is mainly written for __sb____
7. What can we learn from the passage?_____.
Practice makes perfect
4
B:1.He was struggling to tie his shoes. I was struggling
with whether I should help him. I did and he was grateful.
2.“Tell me about the world as you see it.” I said.
3.“ Most people can see if someone is comfortable with them
or not in their eyes. I see it in their feet,” he said. “ If people keep moving their feet, I just let them go , because I know
they’re impatient with me. I don’t want to make people
uncomfortable.”
4.“What about me?” I asked.
5.“ I could see your compassion. And then you came down to
my level. I was the one who was nervous,” he said. “ I don’t
normally have someone look me in the eyes.”
6.“ They don’t know what they’re missing,” I told him.
We can infer from the passage that________________
A. the disabled man had sth. wrong with the man’s level
B. not many people went down to the man’s level
C.the man was good at telling people about the world
D.the writer would not give the man more help.
5
Let’s try:
I decided that I would save my paper delivery(送) money,
and in three weeks I had the seven dollars that I thought would cover the cost of her window. I put the money in an envelope (信封) with a note saying that I was sorry for breaking her window and hoped that the seven dollars would cover the cost of repairing it.The next day, I handed the old lady her paper. She thanked me for the paper and gave me a bag of biscuits she had made herself. I thanked her and ate the biscuits as I continued my route.
After several biscuits, I felt an envelope and pulled it out of the bag. When I opened the envelope, I was shocked. Inside were the seven dollars and a short note that said,“I’m
proud of you.”
23. What can we infer(推断) from the story?
A. The old lady was such a rich woman that she didn’t
care about the money.
B. The old lady forgave the boy for what he had done and returned him the money. C. The old lady was too proud to accept the money the boy paid for the broken window.
D. The old lady didn’t forgive the boy for what he had
done though he said sorry to her.
6
Tip6:?根据题干中的关键词或选项中的线索，?找到
原文的相关句,?对相关句进行合理推理和概况，选出正确答
案。
The Title/Main idea Question
(四)主旨大意
“拟题目”题的设问方式
1. What is the main subject /the best title of the passage?
2. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
3. The title that best expresses the main idea of the passageis _____.
4. Choose the best title for the passage.
In what way can we work out the best title? Find out the frequently used key words.
Where can we find the topic sentence
(主旨句)?
The position of the topic sentence:
At the beginning
In the end
In the middle
No clear topic sentence
C:
1.It’s important to tell children the truth what they’ve
7
done. Honest feedback is far better than empty praise,Duke
adds.
2.“People have got into the habit of not telling children
when they’re wrong. That makes it hard for them to deal with
difficulties when they grow up. That’s just how the world
is.
What is the paragraph mainly about?_______
A. It's important to have the habit of praising children.
B. We should praise children honestly and tell them their mistakes.
C. Children should know their mistakes as soon as possible.
D. What children with high self-confidence are like.
(1)主题句在段首
一个主题句常常是一个段落的开头，其后的句子则是论证
性细节。
D:
Some students prefer a strict teacher who tells them exactly what to do. Others prefer to be left to work on their
8
own. Still others like a democratic discussion type of class. No teaching method can be devised to satisfy all students at the same time.
The main idea of the passage is_______
(2)主题句在段尾 作者先摆出事实依据, 层层推理论证,
最后自然得出结论, 即段落的主题。
E:
Nothing is as useful as a flashlight on a dark night
if a tire goes flat. Few inventions are so helpful as
flashlight to a child who is afraid of the dark. In fact, the
modern flashlight brings light to many dark situations.
Finding something in the back of a closet is easy with a
flashlight in hand . A camper also needs one after the light of the campfire has been out.
The passage is mainly about___________
(3)在短文中间
主题句也会在段落中间, 主题句的前面部分做一个铺垫，
后面部分再作进一步的解释。 F:
Good afternoon. This is your captain speaking. We have been warned of the danger of strong air turbulence ahead for the next forty miles or so. Passengers are therefore strongly asked to remain in their seats with their seatbelt on
9
for their safety and not to use the restrooms during that dangerous period if at all possible. During the time young children should be firmly fastened into their seats. The best title for this passage would be ________.
A. The Captain and the Passengers
B. Something About the Strong Air Turbulence
C. For your Own Safety
D. Don’t Move Around and Keep Still
(4)没有明确的主旨句时，必须根据文中所提供的事实细
节，进行信息整合，要全面考虑，综合分析。
(2013常州)One of sweetest memories as a child is of going down to the river and sitting comfortably on the bank. There I would enjoy the peace and quiet, watch the water rush downstream and listen to songs of birds. I would also watch the bamboo trees bend under the pres sure from the wind and watch them return gracefully to their original state after the wind had died down.
When I think about the bamboo tree’s ability to bendand
move back, the word “resilience” comes to my mind. When it is used for a person, this word means the ability to readily recover(恢复) from shock, sadness or any other suffering. Have you ever felt like you were going to snap? Have you
10
ever felt like you were at your breaking point? Thankfully, you have survived to talk about it.Life is a mixture(混合) of
good times and bad times, happy moments and unhappy moments. The next time you are experiencing one of those bad times or unhappy moments that take you close to your breaking point, bend, but don’t break. Try your best not to
let the situation get the best of you.An amount of hope will take you through the unpleasant suffering. With hope for a better tomorrow or a better situation, things may not be as bad as they seem. The unpleasant suffering may be easier to deal with if the end result is worth having. If things get tough and you are at your breaking point, show resilience. Like the bamboo trees, bend, but don’t break!
篇二:中考英语阅读理解教案
阅读理解及其解题方法
要求阅读速度为每分钟40-50个词。
阅读理解的阅读材料的选取一般遵循三个原则:
1. 阅读文章不少于三篇，阅读量在1，000单词左右;
2. 题材广泛，包括科普，社会，文化，政治，经济等;
3. 体裁多样，包阔记叙文，说明文，应用文等;
一、中考阅读理解考查的主要内容
1. 主旨大意题
11
此类考查主旨和大意的题大多数针对段落(或短文)的主
题，主题思想，标题或目的，其主要提问方式是:
(1) Which is the best title of the passage?
(2) Which of the following is this passage about?
(3) In this passage the writer tries to tell us that______.
(4) The passage tells us that______.
(5) This passage mainly talks about_______.
如何获取段落的主旨和大意,
最有效的办法是找出主题句。一篇文章(或一段文章)通
常都是围绕一个中心意思展开的。而这个中心意思往往由一
个句子来概括。这个能概括文章或段落中心意思的句子叫做
主题句。因此，理解一个段落或一篇文章的中心意思首先要
学会寻找主题句。在一篇短文或一个段落中，大部分主题句
的情况有三种:
(1)主题句在段首或篇首。
主题句在段首或篇首的情况相当普遍。一般新闻报道、说
明文， 议论文大都采用先总述，后分述的叙事方法。
例如:2003年陕西省英语中考试题阅读材料B的第一段:
All living things on the earth need other living things to live. Nothing lives alone. Most animals must live in a group, and even a plant grows close together with others of the same kind. Sometimes one living thing kills another, one eats
12
and the other is eaten. Each kind of life eats another kind of life in order to live, and together they form a food chain(食
物链)。
Some food chains become broken up if one of the links disappears
59. Which of the following do you think is the best title for this passage?
A. AnimalsB. PlantsC. Food ChainsD. Living Things
(2)寻找主题句的方法:
1.认真阅读文章的首尾段或每段的首尾句子。
2.文章的主题作者往往有意识地反复论述。抓住反复出现
的中心词，即高频词，也叫做主题词。
There are many different ways to travel to Paris from London. One of the quickest and most popular ways is by train. From Waterloo Railway Station, you can travel all theway to Paris. The journey takes about three hours. The train, called the Eurostar, is very modern, and the seats are comfortable.
You can also travel to France by ship. ??
Another way to travel to Paris is by plane. ??
80. The passage mainly tells us about_______.
A. different ways traveling from London to Paris
13
B. international flights from London to Paris C. buses stopping at FerryTerminal Seven in Dover
Every 30 seconds there is an earthquake. But don't worry because most are so weak that they cannot be. felt. Only a few big ones hurt people.
Many earthquakes happened in China, such as the big one in Sichuan last month. Thousands of people died in it. So it's important to know what to do when one hits. Here are some tips on how to stay safe in an earthquake.
1. If you are indoors during an earthquake, hide (躲藏)
under a desk. Stay away from windows and anything that could fall on you.
??
69. The best title of this passage is _________.
A. How dangerous the earthquake is
B. How to be safe during an earthquake
C. Don't be afraid of the earthquake
[Practice]
A
In every little girl’s toy box, there might be a Barbie Doll. Barbie is 50 years old this year. It was designed in 1959 by an American businesswoman named Ruth Handler. She and
14
her husband Elliott started the toy company Mattel. She named the new doll after their daughter Barbara. The first Barbie Doll appeared at the toy fair (交易会) New York on
March 9th, 1959. This date is used as Barbie’s birthday.
Mattel sold three hundred thousand Barbie Dolls in the first year at a price of three dollars. Today, a fifty-year-old Barbie in good condition might cost more than twenty-seven thousand dollars. Mattel says 90% of the girls inthe United States aged from three to ten own at least one Barbie Doll. And girls aged three to six own an average (平均) of about
twelve.
When Mattel created Barbie Dolls half a century ago, they never thought this doll would become a . Now Barbie Dolls are famous all over the world. They are sold in one hundred and fifty countries, and every second three Barbie Dolls are sold around the world.
65. What’s the best title of the passage?
A. Barbie’s birthday B. Barbie Dolls
C. A lovely girl named BarbieD. Why are Barbies popular
B
??
School life should be some of the best and happiest days of
15
our lives.We shouldn’t waste this wonderful time. Don’t say
things are difficult and boring. Don’t be too disappointed if
things sometimes go badly. Don’t let small problems seem
very big. Be confident, go and play sports, work on a project, or help someone with problems. There are always a lot of things to do to relax yourself and make you happy.
60. What can we learn from the passage?
A. How to get high scores.B. How to be relaxed and happy.
C. How to make friends with foreigners.
2. 细节理解题
此类考查事实和细节的题目大多数是针对文章的细节设
计的，其主要提问方式是:
(1) Which of the following is right?
(2) Which of the following is not mentioned?
(3) Which of the following is Not True in the passage?
(4) Choose the right order of this passage.
(5) From this passage we know ________.
如何确定细节和事实,
在阅读理解题目中，有相当一部分是考查细节和事实的题
目。这类题目相对容易一些。这些题目有两个共同特点:(1)
凡属针对特定细节的考题，其正确答案大都可以在阅读材料
中找到对应的文字部分作为验证。这一部分可能是一个词或
16
短语，也可能是一个句子或相关的若干句子，但句式、用词
和表达方式不同。(2)干扰项往往是主体思想与细节混杂，
正确答案细节和非正确答案的细节混杂，甚至真假混杂。因
此，要做好阅读理解中的确定细节和事实的题目，一要在文
章中找出相应的信息点，二要排除干扰项。
Tea, coffee and cocoa are three major drinks all over the world. Tea is drunk by the largest number of people in the world. Tea, as well as silk and porcelain, began to be known by the world over a thousand years ago and has been an important Chinese export since then. Tea has a history of over 4 , 000 years and China is the home of tea. In ancient China, tea was used as a kind of medicine, while nowadays people drink tea daily.
??
( )66. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Tea, cocoa and silk are important Chinese exports.
B. Tea has more than 1, 000 years of history.
C. Japan is the home of tea.
D. In ancient China, people used tea as a kind of medicine.
(2010，三明)
In the UK, a seven-year-old boy has raised ,800,00 for
17
people of the Haiti(海地)earthquake by riding his bike around his local park.
??
47. The boy has already raises __________________for people in Haiti.
A. ,500B. ,600 C. ,800, 000
(2009，南平)
71. What do people want to do at Sunshine Gym?
A. Lose weight. B. Play basketball. C. Buy books.
75. If you want to buy the book The Red and the Black now, you need to pay .
A.,80 B. ,48 C. ,36
(2011，中考模拟试题)
??.As a singer,she often has to travel abroad.But,on her first trip,she couldn’t even open her mouth to say “thank you”!She is much bolder now!
3.When Nirace first traveled abroad,_________.
A.she could speak English very well
B.she could almost say nothing in English
C.she spoke English better than now
D.she had never learned English before
[Practice]
18
If someone says “give mefive”, do not searchyour pocket to get five yuan! It will make others laugh! The person is not asking for your money, but for your fingers.
In the US, “give me five” or “give me the high five” is a popular gesture. You can see it often in filmsor on TV. It means the slapping(拍)of raising right hands together.
People do it when they meet for the first time or something happy happens. For example, a student has good marks in exams or wins a lottery ticket(彩票). If a football
team wins a game, the players will give high fives to everyone around to celebrate.
??
61. The gesture “give me five” is the slapping of.
A. legs B. hands
62. “Give me five” is a gesture to .
C. arms
A. celebrate success B. ask for money C. search one’s
3. 词义猜测题
此类猜测词义的题目要求考生根据上下文确定某一特定
的词或短语的准确含义。其主要提问方式是:
(1) The word “ ” in the passage probably means
19
________.
(2) The underlined word “It” in the passage refers to
_______.
(3) In this story the underlined word “” means ________.
(4) Here “it” means________.
如何根据上下文猜测词义,
猜测词义也是一种英语阅读能力。英语阅读理解试题中有
不少这样的题目。任何一个实词，只有在一定的上下文中才
能表示一个确定的词义。所谓上下文(context),正如英语辞典
所解释的，其作用就是帮助确定上下文中的词、短语或句子
的意义。据此，我们
可以尽可能地利用上下文来猜测词义，即从已知推求未
知，也就是用我们所熟悉的词或短语来猜测我们不熟悉的词
的词义。猜测词义时，我们可以从三个方面来考虑:1)根
据上下文已知部分进行逻辑上的推理。2)运用语法知识进
行语法分析。3)依靠常识和经验做出判断。 Example:
(2011，三明)
??
A blog has good points，of course. People choose to write
in blogs，they know that their friends will read what they
write. If you feel sad one day and write in your diary，no one
will know about it. If you write the same words in your
20
blog，your friends may quickly are doing.
??
48. The underlined word “comfort” means ________ in Chinese.
A. 责怪 B. 安慰 C. 嘲笑
“I'm sorry,but don't stop me,please!”the small boy said,“It very hot today and there ”
??
54.The underlined word “shade” refers to a place which is _______.
A.wetterB.cooler C.hotter
Doctors and other scientists who study the human mind and try to explain why people behave in the way that they do, called psychologists, are starting to believe it.
55. A psychologist is a person who may help you with your ______.
A. illness and abilities B. thoughts and behaviour
C. mind and nervous system D. physical activity and daily exercise
[Practice] is also something we should never forget. Patriotism means a love for one’s country. Everyone should
love his country. A good youth will do the things his country
21
asks him to do. I think a good youth of today should also have some training in art. If everyone can enjoy art, they
篇三:初中英语阅读课教学设计
初中英语课外阅读课教学案例
英语组:袁迎迎
1、话题:本课时选择的是初二英语review6-8课外阅读文
章， How often do you exercise?中的一篇文章，主要是围绕
本话题的中心任务“Food and lifestyles ”而展开的。
2、内容:这篇文章讲述了很多学生平时的饮食和生活习
惯。通过学习，让学生明白什么是健康的饮食和生活习惯
3、目标:(1)理解课文内容，知道如何捕捉细节。
(2)根据图片猜测大意。
(3)引导学生掌握模仿主题进行描述的技巧, 形成根据
主题理解文章细节并能分辨是非的能力。
Warming–up activities
(一)Free Talk: To ask the student on duty to make a speech: “What is my favorite food?”
(二)1.Revise some names of food (Let the students speak freely.)
2. To show the students beautiful pictures of food . During the talking,the teacher can write some of them on the Bb, especially some new words: fruit, sweet, bread, meat, juice.
22
3. To ask the students to ask and answer: “What is it?”, “Do you like it?”
(三)Discussion : (,)What food can we eat a lot? (,)
Do you think ? is good for our health? (,) Which is your
favorite?
Reading
(一)Listening and scanning:
1. What do students want to be?
2. What do students eat for breakfast now?
(二)Intensive Reading: Read the text again, try to answer some questions:
(三)Skimming: 1. To ask groups 1 & 2 to read the text a third time, and make a dialogue in pairs.
2. To ask groups 3 & 4 to retell the story.
(四)Extension activity: To ask the students to tell something about their own lifestyles.
反思
在教学实践中，体会到，阅读教学应处理好以下四个关系:
,:教师的“教”和学生的“学”的关系。教师应更多地关注
如何教会学生阅读，而不是仅向学生灌输大量的语言知识。
教学过程是学生在教师的帮助和指导下掌握知识和形成技
能的过程。教师应让学生在活动中发挥其主体地位，让学生
23
自己去发现问题、分析问题和解决问题。
,、在教学设计过程中，要尽最大可能考虑学生情感在教学中的重要性，要设法让学生在快乐中学习。但教师不能片面地追求所谓的“快乐”，一味强调热闹课堂，气氛是活跃了，但忽视了学生对知识的掌握和能力的培养。
,、阅读过程与结果的关系。任务型教学要求教师在教学中不仅要关注学习的结果，还要关注学习的过程。学生完成任务的过程就是学生发现问题、分析问题和解决问题的过程。同时也是逐步提升阅读技巧，提高阅读能力的过程。
,、实践和反思的关系。反思是实践的一面镜子，每次的教学反思都能折射出实践中的成功和不足之处。在教学中应该不断借鉴成功，改进不足，把培养学生学会阅读、学会自主学习作为追求的目标。
相关热词搜索:英语 中考 教案 阅读理解 2016中考英语阅读理解 中考英语阅读理解真题
24
中考英语阅读理解教案
阅读理解及其解题方法
要求阅读速度为每分钟40-50个词。
阅读理解的阅读材料的选取一般遵循三个原则：
1. 阅读文章不少于三篇，阅读量在1，000单词左右；
2. 题材广泛，包括科普，社会，文化，政治，经济等；
3. 体裁多样，包阔记叙文，说明文，应用文等；
一、中考阅读理解考查的主要内容
1. 主旨大意题
此类考查主旨和大意的题大多数针对段落（或短文）的主题，主题思想，标题或目的，其主要提问方式是：
(1) Which is the best title of the passage?
(2) Which of the following is this passage about?
(3) In this passage the writer tries to tell us that______.
(4) The passage tells us that______.
(5) This passage mainly talks about_______.
如何获取段落的主旨和大意？
最有效的办法是找出主题句。一篇文章（或一段文章）通常都是围绕一个中心意思展开的。而这个中心意思往往由一个句子来概括。这个能概括文章或段落中心意思的句子叫做主题句。因此，理解一个段落或一篇文章的中心意思首先要学会寻找主题句。在一篇短文或一个段落中，大部分主题句的情况有三种：
（1）主题句在段首或篇首。
主题句在段首或篇首的情况相当普遍。一般新闻报道、说明文， 议论文大都采用先总述，后分述的叙事方法。
例如：2003年陕西省英语中考试题阅读材料B的第一段：
All living things on the earth need other living things to live. Nothing lives alone. Most animals must live in a group, and even a plant grows close together with others of the same kind. Sometimes one living thing kills another, one eats and the other is eaten. Each kind of life eats another kind of life in order to live, and together they form a food chain(食物链)。
Some food chains become broken up if one of the links disappears
59. Which of the following do you think is the best title for this passage?
A. Animals B. Plants C. Food Chains D. Living Things
（2）寻找主题句的方法：
1.认真阅读文章的首尾段或每段的首尾句子。
2.文章的主题作者往往有意识地反复论述。抓住反复出现的中心词，即高频词，也叫做主题词。
There are many different ways to travel to Paris from London. One of the quickest and most popular ways is by train. From Waterloo Railway Station, you can travel all theway to Paris. The journey takes about three hours. The train, called the Eurostar, is very modern, and the seats are comfortable.
You can also travel to France by ship. ??
Another way to travel to Paris is by plane. ??
80. The passage mainly tells us about_______.
A. different ways traveling from London to Paris
B. international flights from London to Paris C. buses stopping at FerryTerminal Seven in Dover
Every 30 seconds there is an earthquake. But don't worry because most are so weak that they cannot be. felt. Only a few big ones hurt people.
Many earthquakes happened in China, such as the big one in Sichuan last month. Thousands of people died in it. So it's important to know what to do when one hits. Here are some tips on how to stay safe in an earthquake.
1. If you are indoors during an earthquake, hide (躲藏) under a desk. Stay away from windows and anything that could fall on you.
??
69. The best title of this passage is "_________".
A. How dangerous the earthquake is
B. How to be safe during an earthquake
C. Don't be afraid of the earthquake
[Practice]
A
In every little girl’s toy box, there might be a Barbie Doll. Barbie is 50 years old this year. It was designed in 1959 by an American businesswoman named Ruth Handler. She and her husband Elliott started the toy company Mattel. She named the new doll after their daughter Barbara. The first Barbie Doll appeared at the toy fair (交易会) New York on March 9th, 1959. This date is used as Barbie’s birthday.
Mattel sold three hundred thousand Barbie Dolls in the first year at a price of three dollars. Today, a fifty-year-old Barbie in good condition might cost more than twenty-seven thousand dollars. Mattel says 90% of the girls inthe United States aged from three to ten own at least one Barbie Doll. And girls aged three to six own an average (平均) of about twelve.
When Mattel created Barbie Dolls half a century ago, they never thought this doll would become a . Now Barbie Dolls are famous all over the world. They are sold in one hundred and fifty countries, and every second three Barbie Dolls are sold around the world.
65. What’s the best title of the passage?
A. Barbie’s birthday B. Barbie Dolls
C. A lovely girl named Barbie D. Why are Barbies popular
B
??
School life should be some of the best and happiest days of our lives.We shouldn’t waste this wonderful time. Don’t say things are difficult and boring. Don’t be too disappointed if things sometimes go badly. Don’t let small problems seem very big. Be confident, go and play sports, work on a project, or help someone with problems. There are always a lot of things to do to relax yourself and make you happy.
60. What can we learn from the passage?
A. How to get high scores. B. How to be relaxed and happy.
C. How to make friends with foreigners.
2. 细节理解题
此类考查事实和细节的题目大多数是针对文章的细节设计的，其主要提问方式是：
(1) Which of the following is right?
(2) Which of the following is not mentioned?
(3) Which of the following is Not True in the passage?
(4) Choose the right order of this passage.
(5) From this passage we know ________.
如何确定细节和事实？
在阅读理解题目中，有相当一部分是考查细节和事实的题目。这类题目相对容易一些。这些题目有两个共同特点：（1）凡属针对特定细节的考题，其正确答案大都可以在阅读材料中找到对应的文字部分作为验证。这一部分可能是一个词或短语，也可能是一个句子或相关的若干句子，但句式、用词和表达方式不同。（2）干扰项往往是主体思想与细节混杂，正确答案细节和非正确答案的细节混杂，甚至真假混杂。因此，要做好阅读理解中的确定细节和事实的题目，一要在文章中找出相应的信息点，二要排除干扰项。
Tea, coffee and cocoa are three major drinks all over the world. Tea is drunk by the largest number of people in the world. Tea, as well as silk and porcelain, began to be known by the world over a thousand years ago and has been an important Chinese export since then. Tea has a history of over 4 , 000 years and China is the home of tea. In ancient China, tea was used as a kind of medicine, while nowadays people drink tea daily.
??
（ ）66. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Tea, cocoa and silk are important Chinese exports.
B. Tea has more than 1, 000 years of history.
C. Japan is the home of tea.
D. In ancient China, people used tea as a kind of medicine.
（2010，三明）
In the UK, a seven-year-old boy has raised ￡800,00 for people of the Haiti(海地)earthquake by riding his bike around his local park.
??
47. The boy has already raises __________________for people in Haiti.
A. ￡500 B. ￡600 C. ￡800, 000
（2009，南平）
71. What do people want to do at Sunshine Gym?
A. Lose weight. B. Play basketball. C. Buy books.
75. If you want to buy the book The Red and the Black now, you need to pay .
A.￥80 B. ￥48 C. ￥36
(2011，中考模拟试题)
??.As a singer,she often has to travel abroad.But,on her first trip,she couldn’t even open her mouth to say “thank you”!She is much bolder now!
3.When Nirace first traveled abroad,_________.
A.she could speak English very well
B.she could almost say nothing in English
C.she spoke English better than now
D.she had never learned English before
[Practice]
If someone says “give mefive”, do not searchyour pocket to get five yuan! It will make others laugh! The person is not asking for your money, but for your fingers.
In the US, “give me five” or “give me the high five” is a popular gesture. You can see it often in filmsor on TV. It means the slapping（拍）of raising right hands together.
People do it when they meet for the first time or something happy happens. For example, a student has good marks in exams or wins a lottery ticket（彩票）. If a football team wins a game, the players will give high fives to everyone around to celebrate.
??
61. The gesture “give me five” is the slapping of.
A. legs B. hands
62. “Give me five” is a gesture to .
C. arms
A. celebrate success B. ask for money C. search one’s pocket
3. 词义猜测题
此类猜测词义的题目要求考生根据上下文确定某一特定的词或短语的准确含义。其主要提问方式是：
(1) The word “ ” in the passage probably means ________.
(2) The underlined word “It” in the passage refers to _______.
(3) In this story the underlined word “ ” means ________.
(4) Here “it” means________.
如何根据上下文猜测词义？
猜测词义也是一种英语阅读能力。英语阅读理解试题中有不少这样的题目。任何一个实词，只有在一定的上下文中才能表示一个确定的词义。所谓上下文(context),正如英语辞典所解释的，其作用就是帮助确定上下文中的词、短语或句子的意义。据此，我们
可以尽可能地利用上下文来猜测词义，即从已知推求未知，也就是用我们所熟悉的词或短语来猜测我们不熟悉的词的词义。猜测词义时，我们可以从三个方面来考虑：1）根据上下文已知部分进行逻辑上的推理。2）运用语法知识进行语法分析。3）依靠常识和经验做出判断。 Example：
（2011，三明）
??
A blog has good points，of course. People choose to write in blogs，they know that their friends will read what they write. If you feel sad one day and write in your diary，no one will know about it. If you write the same words in your blog，your friends may quickly are doing.
??
48. The underlined word “comfort” means ________ in Chinese.
A. 责怪 B. 安慰 C. 嘲笑
“I'm sorry,but don't stop me,please!”the small boy said,“It very hot today and there ”
??
54.The underlined word “shade” refers to a place which is _______.
A.wetter B.cooler C.hotter
Doctors and other scientists who study the human mind and try to explain why people behave in the way that they do, called psychologists, are starting to believe it.
55. A psychologist is a person who may help you with your ______.
A. illness and abilities B. thoughts and behaviour
C. mind and nervous system D. physical activity and daily exercise
[Practice] is also something we should never forget. Patriotism means a love for one’s country. Everyone should love his country. A good youth will do the things his country asks him to do. I think a good youth of today should also have some training in art. If everyone can enjoy art, they
will enjoy their life.
??
68. The word “Patriotism” means. A. 爱国主义 B. 责任感 C. 事业心
Most teenagers wear clothes to be in fashion and to fit in with their friends. However, not all the Gen-Z youth（青年）like the style. Some prefer blue jeans and T-shirts. They don’t feel any pressure from their friends. They just want to be themselves. They give their own opinions by not fitting in with the crowd.
52. The underlined word “ brand-name” here means “________” in Chinese.
A. 商标 B. 品牌 C. 标签
4. 推理判断题。
技巧解析：这类题目有一定难度。做题时要到文章中去找线索，抓住关键词、短语、句子或段落，理解文章层次和逻辑关系，并结合阅读材料外的有关生活、社会常识，作出准确的判断和推理。有时甚至还得联系作者的意图、态度等弦外之音加以推理，才能获得正确答案。推理时一定要以文章提供的事实为依据，不可以凭空想象，或加入个人的想法、观点。
Example：
（
2010，三明）
??
I remember what made me unhappy back in my school days. I cared too much about what other
people thought of me. When I was in school, I was very shy. I had good grades(成绩), but when I spoke in class, my face went red becauseI knew my classmates were all looking at me. It was really terrible. Now I am going to graduate from school and I know what my problem is. I no longer worry about what people think of me. My life is a lot more relaxed, especially in Beijing, where people laugh at me when I speak Chinese! You know Chinese is not my native language.
??
57. The writer is probably_______________.
A. a student who was born in Beijing B. a foreigner who is studying in Beijing
C. a visitor who is visiting China
（2011，莆田）
??Here is the seven-day weather report for Putian.
(
) 62. What do you think Sam should wear when he stays in Putian?
（2009，厦门）
??
“Why are you late?” the teacher asked. “You miss the test.”“Our taxi had a flat tire,” one of the girls said.
The teacher thought for a moment, then he said, “Sit down, one of you in each corner of the room.” The four girls did this. Then the teacher said, “Write the answer to this question on a piece of paper: Which tire was flat?”
54. We can know from the passage that the teacher ______.
A. thought they were good students
B. didn’t believe what they said
C. gave his students too many tests
[Practice]
Several years ago, cell phones were very expensive. Only important people and people with a lot of money had them. These days, the prices have been greatly falling, and they come in small sizes and different colors. So more and more people, even high school students, have one in the hands.
It is true that it’s an easy way to keep in touch with friends at any time and in any place. But
in places like classrooms, movie theatres, and museums, where everyone should be quiet or talk in a low voice, we can also hear the ringing. Some drivers have accidents for using cell phones when driving. Worst of all, some students who can’t pay their phone bills do something illegal to get money. So，are cell phones really a help?
() 3. How does the writer feel about cell phones?
A. They are really a help.
B. They harm people’s health.
C. He wants very much to know if they do people good.
D. It’s all right to use them in theatre.
寄语:
阅读理解题取材广泛，但仍然有规律可循。
1.平时要多阅读并善于总结，积累解题技巧。
2.考试时要研读好文本，不放过文本中细节。
3.做完题后要仔细检查，每篇材料应有完整情节。
中考英语专题复习阅读理解教案
阅读理解
一、教学目标：掌握阅读技巧、了解中考阅读理解题型、提高阅读能力
二、导入
Questionnaire
1.Do you have great difficulty finishing reading comprehension in the exam? Why?
2. Read Passage4&5&7&8 On Page105-109and find out which kinds of questions you feel difficult to answer.
Find detailed information?
Give the main idea? Find the topic sentence?
Guess the meaning of the word?
Do you want to do all the questions in reading comprehension correctly? If you want to succeed, please follow me.
三、课堂研讨
（一）The main question patterns
1.The Fact Question(查找事实、细节型)
2.Words in the Context (猜测词义型)
3.The Inference Question(判断推理型)
4.The Title/Main idea Question(概括主旨大意型)
（二）In what way can we work out the meaning of new words?
1.构词法
2.、
3、近、反义词
4、根据上下文判断 词意
①Is it difficult for you to get up in the morning? Do you sometimes oversleep? 合成词：睡过头
over=too much
overcrowded, overwork?
Tip1:
①根据合成词中的已知词含义进行整合，
②放入语境中进行猜测。
②With their shining brown eyes, and unconditional help，dogs can provide the blind with confidence
无条件的
Prefixes: un, ir, dis, im...
Tip2:根据生词中已学的词干和前后缀进行推测
③A plumber is someone who knows how to fix broken pipes.
管道工
②确定语境，进行词意辨析
④The old woman has a strange habit to keep over 100 cats in her house. Her neighbors also called her an eccentric lady.
A. kind B. strange C. special D.strict
⑤Twelve－year－old Sally was an active girl，but her sister was quite sedate． A. pretty B. calm C. protective D. energetic
Tip4:利用近义词猜测词义.(关键词：also, that is to say?) 利用反义词猜测词义.(关键词： but ,never,unlike, however, instead, on the other hand...)
⑥Albert's success after much effort and practice proves the value of persistence.
A. time B. competition C. insistence D. beginning again
Tip5:
①根据上下文语境翻译该生词所在的句子②然后进行判断。
Practice makes perfect
①For players, playing well and winning are often life-and-death events 生死攸关的
②Pantomime means a short play in which no words are spoken.
哑剧
③Be punctual when you are going to the party.
Never be late
准时的
（三）判断推理
Inference Question
一 :命题方式：
问句中都含有suggest, infer, conclude?
判断推理题的设问方式：
1. The author suggests/infers_____
2. Where can we find this kind of passage?_____
3. From the passage it can be inferred that__
4. It can be concluded from the passage____.
5.What conclusion can be drawn ?_ _______.
6. The passage is mainly written for __sb____
7. What can we learn from the passage?_____.
Practice makes perfect
B:1.He was struggling to tie his shoes. I was struggling
with whether I should help him. I did and he was grateful.
2.“Tell me about the world as you see it.” I said.
3.“ Most people can see if someone is comfortable with them
or not in their eyes. I see it in their feet,” he said. “ If people keep moving their feet, I just let them go , because I know
they’re impatient with me. I don’t want to make people
uncomfortable.”
4.“What about me?” I asked.
5.“ I could see your compassion. And then you came down to
my level. I was the one who was nervous,” he said. “ I don’t
normally have someone look me in the eyes.”
6.“ They don’t know what they’re missing,” I told him.
We can infer from the passage that________________
A. the disabled man had sth. wrong with the man’s level
B. not many people went down to the man’s level
C. the man was good at telling people about the world
D. the writer would not give the man more help.
Let’s try:
I decided that I would save my paper delivery(送) money, and in three weeks I had the seven dollars that I thought would cover the cost of her window. I put the money in an envelope (信封) with a note saying that I was sorry for breaking her window and hoped that the seven dollars would cover the cost of repairing it. The next day, I handed the old lady her paper. She thanked me for the paper and gave me a bag of biscuits she had made herself. I thanked her and ate the biscuits as I continued my route.
After several biscuits, I felt an envelope and pulled it out of the bag. When I opened the envelope, I was shocked. Inside were the seven dollars and a short note that said,“I’m proud of you.”
23. What can we infer(推断) from the story?
A. The old lady was such a rich woman that she didn’t care about the money.
B. The old lady forgave the boy for what he had done and returned him the money. C. The old lady was too proud to accept the money the boy paid for the broken window.
D. The old lady didn’t forgive the boy for what he had done though he said sorry to her.
Tip6：①根据题干中的关键词或选项中的线索，②找到原文的相关句,③对相关句进行合理推理和概况，选出正确答案。
The Title/Main idea Question
(四)主旨大意
“拟题目”题的设问方式
1. What is the main subject /the best title of the passage?
2. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
3. The title that best expresses the main idea of the passage is _____.
4. Choose the best title for the passage.
In what way can we work out the best title? Find out the frequently used key words.
Where can we find the topic sentence
(主旨句）?
The position of the topic sentence：
At the beginning
In the end
In the middle
No clear topic sentence
C:
1.It’s important to tell children the truth what they’ve
done. Honest feedback is far better than empty praise,Duke
adds.
2.“People have got into the habit of not telling children
when they’re wrong. That makes it hard for them to deal with
difficulties when they grow up. That’s just how the world is."
What is the paragraph mainly about?_______
A. It's important to have the habit of praising children.
B. We should praise children honestly and tell them their mistakes.
C. Children should know their mistakes as soon as possible.
D. What children with high self-confidence are like.
（1）主题句在段首
一个主题句常常是一个段落的开头，其后的句子则是论证性细节。
D:
Some students prefer a strict teacher who tells them exactly what to do. Others prefer to be left to work on their own. Still others like a democratic discussion type of class. No teaching method can be devised to satisfy all students at the same time.
The main idea of the passage is_______
(2)主题句在段尾 作者先摆出事实依据, 层层推理论证, 最后自然得出结论, 即段落的主题。
E:
Nothing is as useful as a flashlight on a dark night
if a tire goes flat. Few inventions are so helpful as
flashlight to a child who is afraid of the dark. In fact, the
modern flashlight brings light to many dark situations.
Finding something in the back of a closet is easy with a
flashlight in hand . A camper also needs one after the light of the campfire has been out.
The passage is mainly about___________
(3)在短文中间
主题句也会在段落中间, 主题句的前面部分做一个铺垫，后面部分再作进一步的解释。 F:
Good afternoon. This is your captain speaking. We have been warned of the danger of strong air turbulence ahead for the next forty miles or so. Passengers are therefore strongly asked to remain in their seats with their seatbelt on for their safety and not to use the restrooms during that dangerous period if at all possible. During the time young children should be firmly fastened into their seats. The best title for this passage would be ________.
A. The Captain and the Passengers
B. Something About the Strong Air Turbulence
C. For your Own Safety
D. Don’t Move Around and Keep Still
(4)没有明确的主旨句时，必须根据文中所提供的事实细节，进行信息整合，要全面考虑，综合分析。
（2013常州）One of sweetest memories as a child is of going down to the river and sitting comfortably on the bank. There I would enjoy the peace and quiet, watch the water rush downstream and listen to songs of birds. I would also watch the bamboo trees bend under the pres sure from the wind and watch them return gracefully to their original state after the wind had died down.
When I think about the bamboo tree’s ability to bend and move back, the word “resilience” comes to my mind. When it is used for a person, this word means the ability to readily recover(恢复) from shock, sadness or any other suffering. Have you ever felt like you were going to snap? Have you ever felt like you were at your breaking point? Thankfully, you have survived to talk about it.Life is a mixture(混合) of good times and bad times, happy moments and unhappy moments. The next time you are experiencing one of those bad times or unhappy moments that take you close to your breaking point, bend, but don’t break. Try your best not to let the situation get the best of you.An amount of hope will take you through the unpleasant suffering. With hope for a better tomorrow or a better situation, things may not be as bad as they seem. The unpleasant suffering may be easier to deal with if the end result is worth having. If things get tough and you are at your breaking point, show resilience. Like the bamboo trees, bend, but don’t break!
1. What does the word “snap” in the second paragraph most
probably mean?
A. break B. change
C. win D. Complain
2. What can help people get through sufferings according to
the writer?
A. Holding peace and quiet in mind.
B. Waiting until sufferings disappear.
C. Experiencing more bad times.
D. Hoping for a better tomorrow.
3. What would be the best title of this passage?
A. Memories of Bamboo B. Be Like Bamboo
C. Enjoying Bamboo D. Characteristics of Bamboo
四、What have we learned today?
Suggestions: When you read a very difficult article, don’t be frightened and frustrated . ①You should be confident and believe you can do it.
②Just go on reading and use the strategies and skills the teacher has taught you. You must be successful.Trust yourself!
五、Homework
1.By using the strategies and skills taught in class, finish the passage in the paper carefully.
2.中考指南 第A 篇—E篇短文理解
英语阅读理解复习课教案
英语阅读理解复习课教案
七星一中：郑丽芹
一 、复习内容：
中考英语复习中的阅读理解（答案四选一）复习
二、复习目标：
（一）知识目标
1.学会把握阅读选择题干中的关键词与文章中的关键词、句、段，并从中把握语篇的内容、主旨、 作者的观点、态度及意图等；
2.利用关键词进行解题。
（二）能力目标
让学生掌握一定的阅读理解的解题方法和解题技巧，提高学生分析问题 解决问题和综合运用英语语言的能力。
（三）情感目标
1培养学生自主学习能力，努力培养学生探索规律的精神和不畏艰难的精神。
2运用解题技巧获取信息。增强自信心，获得成功感。
三、复习重点难点：
教学重点：学会寻找题干中的关键词（key word ）与文章的关键词、句、段。
教学难点：掌握利用关键词进行解题的技巧。
四、复习步骤：
Step 1.What is a key word (Match the questions with the sentences quickly)
教学目的：通过让学生快速查找问题所对应的句子材料，以此来激发学生学习本课的热情和兴趣，锻炼学生快速搜寻信息的能力，同时让学生了解题干关键词与材料中关键词、句的对应现象，并为下一步学习段落中、篇章中的关键词、句做铺垫。
教学准备：教师课前搜集一些阅读理解材料，制成PowerPoint。 教学过程：
1．把全班分成男女两个大组，教师在屏幕上展示句子材料及问题。
2．分组进行快速查读（不动头眼球动）问题所对应的句子材料比赛，并让学生解释选对的原因。
3．教师在屏幕上展示题干及选择支，要求学生根据材料细节作出正确判断，并说明原因，继续进行小组比赛。
4．教师总结：阅读理解题中存在题干（有的是选择支）关键词与阅读材料关键词的对应现象及其在解题中所起的作用（快、准）。
Step 2 .Analyze key words in three short PASSAGE and answer questions
教学目的：教师给出三个段落, 让学生根据教师的解释查找题干关键词与材料中的对应关键词,让学生更进一步了解题干关键词与材料关键词的对应现象,及在解题中的作用。
教学过程：1.教师在屏幕上展示段落与问题。
2．利用题干关键词与材料关键词的对应现象，分组进行快速查找问题所对应的段落材料比赛，并让学生解释选对的原因 。
3．教师在屏幕上展示问题及选择支，要求学生精读关键词所在材料细节作出正确判断，并说明原因，继续进行小组比赛。
Step 3. Analyze key words in ARTICLES and answer questions 教学目的：教师给出一篇文章（文篇的开头句已在step1中进行了分析），强调快读首句、首段，因其有开篇启示作用，读懂了第一句，或第一段有可能预测到全篇大意；培养学生学会在文章中查找题干（有的是选择支）关键词与文章关键词、句、段。
教学过程：
1.教师在屏幕上展示文章与问题。
2．教师引导学生快读文章首句及各段首句，并对文章内容、脉络进行预测，由2~3位学生做预测发言。
3．利用题干关键词与材料关键词的对应现象，分组进行快速查找（眼球纵向扫视）问题所对应的段落材料比赛，并让学生解释选对的原因 。
4．教师在屏幕上展示问题及选择支，让学生精读关键词句所在材料细节，注重文章脉络，作出正确的判断、推理，并说明原因，继续进行小组比赛。
5. 学生总结阅读方法。
6. 教师总结：根据同学们这节课的做题体验及刚才同学的总结发言，我们可以把阅读方法归纳为八个字：快读----查找----精选---检查 快读：快速阅读各段首句，预测大意
查找：查读题干及阅读材料关键词
精选：精读关键词句细节，先排除后比较作出正确选择
Step 4.Challenge yourself
教学目的：教师再给出一篇文章（文篇的开头句已在step1中进行了分析）让学生运用所学的阅读理解技巧进行练习，巩固本课所学知识，训练学生的思维能力。此项练习由学生个人独立完成，以便教师能够得到及时的反馈，同时培养学生自主学习的能力。
Step 5.Summary
1. 在一个句子中，可以通过关键词来快速回答有关问题。
2. 在一个段落中，可以通过关键词来快速回答有关问题。
3. 在一个文章中，可以通过关键词来快速回答有关问题。
具体步骤：快读----查找----精选---检查
Step 6.Home work
2011年中考英语阅读理解、教案
2010年沈阳中考英语阅读理解、简答题教案
1、细节题型。
【提问方式】 Wh-特殊问句; From the text...,According to...,True/not true,划线词语、 句子,简单计算、排列事件顺序、识图等。
【解题方法】抓住提问中的关键字眼,仔细阅读相关细节的材料内容,一般可以在短文 中直接找到或稍加归纳就可以找到正确答案。
● 题干 +正确选项的信息值等于或者约等于原文中某句的信息值;
● 体现中心思想的核心名词 , 一篇试题的细节与主旨核心名词沾边是首选。
题干中的标识语是快速寻找答题依据的 “ 路标 ” ,最常见的就是用引号标识的关键词或 标明了标识语所在的具体行数。
干扰选项的特点:
●部分正确 , 部分错误;
●是原文信息 , 但是不是题目要求的内容;
●符合常识 , 但不是文章内容;
●与原句的内容极为相似 , 只是在程度上有些变动。
★ 注意排除下列干扰项 :
<1>.扩缩范围
文章为了表达得准确严密, 很注意对范围的限定。 有的是通过加上相应的 词语限制 , 如涉及到数量时常用 many,almost all,nearly,more than,over,only a few,normally 等限制 . 有些干扰项是通过改变或去掉限定词语, 甚至是扩大或 缩小了语言范围。
<2>.偷换概念
命题者设计试题时往往把原文的概念偷换成另一个不同的概念。 望文生义 是造成错误的主要原因。
<3>.正误并存
在一干扰项中, 某个句子或词语是正确的, 其他分句或词语是错误的或表 达不全面,正误并存,命题者借此以假乱真。要排除这类干扰项,只要一个 选项局部有误或选项不全面,都属排除的干扰项。
你可以在回答问题的时候同时把答案的相应部分用笔标出来,这样的好处有两个,一是 提高准确率,二是当你觉得哪个答案有可能有误差的时候可以只针对那句话和它的上下文来 判断,不必阅读整篇文章。
2、主旨大意题型。
【提问方式】 What' s the topic/subject of the text/the second paragraph?
What is stated in...? The text is cheifly concerned with_______.
【解题方法】
(1) 最常用的方法是仔细研读短文的 1、 2 两句 -----即短文的主题句,或辅以阅读各 段的第 1、 2句 ----即段落中心句。此方法多适用于说明文、议论文。
(2)记叙文等需要通读全文,抓住关键事或论题来归纳意思(常说明一个道理)。
(3)全文末尾(段)找答案。此类文章的特点是 以列举事实开头,通过论证,最后 阐述核心观点。
在处理文章标题的选择时,要避免下列三种错误:
① 概括不够 (多表现为部分代整体,从而导致范围太小 ) ;
② 过度概括 (多表现为人为扩大范围 ) ;
③ 以事实或细节代替抽象具体的大意。
寻找主题句 (topic:sentence) 从而抓住全段的中心思想。一般说来,主题句常见位置是段 首第一句或第二句,但也有可能在段尾或段中。
● 不管它出现在文章的什么位置 , 都作为最后一道题去做 , 因为做完其他题以后会对主旨 的理解有帮助;
● 着重理解首末段 , 首末句;
● 主旨在文章中间的情况 (非文首文尾 ), 遇到文章前后段意思转折 , 提高警惕。
概括全文寻找文章的中心思想。寻找整篇文章的中心思想是建立在寻找具体段落中心的 基础上的,各段落中心句的整体归纳便是文章的中心思想。 ·
主旨题的注意事项:
● 概括的、抽象的、与中心思想核心名词沾边的是正确选项。
● 段落中出现转折时 , 该句很可能是主题句;
● 作者有意识的反复重复的观点通常是主旨;
● 首段出现疑问句时 , 对该问题的解答就是文章主旨;
● 提出文章主旨时常伴有的文字提示 :therefore,thus,but,however,in short等等。
选项特点 :
● 正确选项特点 :不出现细节信息 ; 不含过分肯定或绝对意义的词;
● 干扰项特点 :细节信息明显 ; 过于笼统。
3、推理判断题型。
【解题方法】 推断题是考查学生透过文章表面的文字信息进行分析、 综合、 归纳等逻辑推 理的能力。学生不仅要弄懂文章的字面意思,更重要的是要知道文章的潜在涵义。 【注意点】
(1)那些文章中直接陈述的内容不能选,要选择根据文章推理出来的选项。
(2) 推理不是凭空猜测, 而是立足已知推断未知; 作出正确答案时一定要在文中找 到依据或理由。
(3)不能以自己的观点代替作者的想法;不要脱离原文主观臆断 .
● 简单的 具体的不是解 , 复杂的、 概括的、 抽象的经常是解 ; 照抄原文的不是解 , 同义替换的 经常是解 ; 合理项经常不是解 , 不合理项经常是解 . 字面意义的不是解 , 深刻含义的可能是解 . ● 绝对的一般不是解 (如 must always never the most all only any none entirely)
● 含义肯定的一般不是解;含义相互矛盾的经常是解;
● 含义不肯定的经常是解 . 不肯定的词 :can could may usually might most more ore less nearly not enough suggest partial。
文章题目百分之八十都会出现在以下三个地方:
1 全文的首段 2 每段的首句 3 全文的末句
换言之,这几处大家一定要读懂、读透。
还有以下给大家总结了一些在阅读当中出现的一些关键的词,这些词周围往往也是比较 容易出考题的地方所在。
1. 表示转折关系的:but, however,
2. 表示原因的:because, for
3. 表示结果的:so, so that
4. 一些重要的形容词和短语:important, more than, in surprise
5. 表示强调等感情色彩强烈的词:must, have to, do
6. 表 示顺序的词:First……. Second…….. Third……………
★在遇到两个意思很相近的选项时:特别是假设 A 选项正确, 还能推出 B 选项也正确的 时候,究竟选哪个?要选 B 项!!因为 B 项的范围包括了 A ,即 B 大于 A ,所以 B 正确。 ★原文、问题、选项三者相比较,重要性最高的是问题!!!其次是选项!!最后是原 文!必要性思维——正确选项未必能充分完整地表达原文意思,而只要沾边即可。反之,不 沾边的必错!
解的十个特征
1、 体现中心思想(包括段落中心)的是解;
2、 照抄原文的不是解,同义替换的是解;
3、 含义不肯定的是解,如:can could may usually might most more or less be likely to;
含义绝对的不是解:must always never the most all any none
含义相反的是解;
4、 具体的不是解,概括性的、抽象的是解;
5、 带有 some 的是解:someone somebody sometime something certain ;
6、 简单的不是解,复杂的是解,字面意思不是解,含义深刻的是解;
7、 带虚词的解:
another other more either both also beside additional extra different same nearly not enough;
8、 “变化”是解:change delay improve increase ;
9、 “重要的、基础的”是解:important necessary essential basis be based on; 10、 二选一:反义项有解;形似项有解;近义项有解
实战演练
A
People around the world have different ways of spending the holiday.
Celebrations are held around the nation. In Sydney every year about 1 to 1.5 million people go to the world's largest fireworks (焰火 ) display near the harbor (港口 ).
New year is the most important holiday in Japan. It's a symbol (标志 ) of starting a new life. In December, all kinds of
In Greece, there is a traditional dish for New Year's Day. It is a kind of cake. A silver or gold coin is baked inside the cake. Whoever finds the coin will be especially lucky in the coming year.
( ) 36. The best title of the reading above is “_____________”.
A. Celebrations around the world B. New Year ?s celebration
C. New Yeqar?s gift for children D. Best wishes on New Year
( ) 37. The world?s largest fireworks display is in ____________.
A. Japan B. Australia C. Greece D. China
( ) 38. When and where do temples play their gongs 108 times?
A. On New Year?s Day in Greece. B. At midnight in Australia.
C. On New Year?s Eve in Japan. D. At midnight in China.
( ) 39. A silver or gold coin is baked inside the cake in Greece _________.
A. to find the lucky one B. for the lucky person to find
C. to find a traditional fish D. for the New Year?s Day
B
Have you ever felt lonely and needed a friend? That is exactly how Angus MacMorrow feels in a new movie out in China on February 17.
Angus is a boy living in Scotland during World War II. He shares his home with British soldiers. They think the Germans might use the lake, Loch Ness (尼斯湖 ), to attack Britain. One day Angus?s life changes forever.
Angus finds a strange egg near the loch. He brings it home and the egg hatches (孵化 ). Angus names the animal Crusoe. Crusoe has brought a lot of happiness to Angus? life. Unable to find his new friend in a textbook, Angus shows it to his sister, Kirstie, and the house?s new caretaker (管家 ), Lewis. Lewis explains that it?s a water horse. According to Scottish legend, the water horse is a lonely animal that lays just one egg, then dies. Angus can understand this. His father still hasn?t returned from the war.
Crusoe grows larger every day. He eats lots of food from the kitchen. He seems happiest in the water. Crusoe also starts to get into trouble around the house. He makes an enemy of the cook?s dog. The two have a big fight.
One day, Crusoe grows so big that Angus can no longer hide him in the house. With the help of Lewis, Angus secretly takes Crusoe to the loch. Now Crusoe has room to live and play. But the war is still going on. The loch is a dangerous place. Fighting soon breaks out. Angus and Crusoe must fight to save each other.
If you want to find out what happens to the two, check out The Water Horse: Legend of the Deep (《尼斯湖怪:深水传说》 ).
( ) 40. What do you think the reading above is mainly about?
A. A Scottish boy during World War Two.
B. A lonely boy named Angus MacMorrow.
C. A happy life brought by Crusoe.
D. The real friendship between Angus and Crusoe.
( ) 41. From the reading above, we know that Angus life begins to change ________.
A. after he finds an egg near the loch
B. when he stays with British soldiers
C. before he feels lonely in his house
D. as Crusoe grows lager every day
( ) 42. Who do you think Kirstie is in the reading?
A. Angus?s caretaker. B. Angus?s friend.
C. Angus?s sister. D. Angus?s cook.
( ) 43. Why does Angus secretly takes Crusoe to the loch with the help of Lewis?
A. There is no room for Cusoe to live and play.
B. Crusoe grows too big to hide in the house.
C. Angus and Crusoe might fight to save each other.
D. The loch is a dangerous play to hide himself.
( ) 44. The underlined part “the two” in the reading above refers to (指的是 ) ______. A. Kirstie and Lewis. B. Lewis and Crusoe.
C. Angus and Kirstie. D. Angus and Cruso.
C
YANG Nan, 17, was happy to move to her new home in a northern area of Beijing. She was told that her neighborhood used to be farmland planted with vegetables, corn and wheat.But looking at the new road, beautiful park and supermarkets, Yang couldn't see any sign that food was once grown there.
Yang is not alone. In recent years, many Chinese people have moved into new houses in country areas. Tall buildings have been built everywhere in the suburbs. The crops and fruit trees are no more. But these changes have caused problems too, warns Gan Zang chun, an official (官员 ) at the Ministry of Land and Resources (国土资源部 ).
The country needs farmland to grow food for the people of China. But the recent rise in house prices has made selling land a good business. A lot of land has been used to build new houses for sale.
Pollution, which makes land useless, is another reason for the big drop in China's farmland. About 2.67 million square kilometers of land in China have been polluted and turned into desert.
The government wants China to have at least 120 million hectares (公顷 ) of farmland. But there are only about 121.8 million hectares left.
( ) 45. The article seems to tell us that ___________.
A. farmland is in danger
B. countrysides are turned into towns
C. farmland has been sold
D. Chinese cities are grown fast
( ) 46. From what Gan Zangchun said, he is worrying about ____________.
A. China?s development
B. land and resources
C. Chinese people?s life
D. illegal land use
( ) 47. What size of the land have been polluted and turned into desert?
A. 120 million hectares.
B. 121.8 million hectares.
C. 2.67 million square kilometres.
D. Millions of square kilometres.
D
Bad teeth, a heavier body? And now, weaker bones (骨骼 ). Last week, American scientists found another bad thing about cola: It's bad for our bones, especially women's bones.
Well, if cola is bad for us, you may want other popular drinks, for example, energy drinks (功能饮料 ). Energy drinks look cool. Their makers say they give you energy and make you better at sports. So, many students drink them before exams to help them stay awake. But wait. To keep you awake, most energy drinks have a lot of caffeine (咖啡因 ). They are like a strong cup of coffee or tea. If you drink a lot of them, your heart will beat faster. You will feel nervous. You could also have sleeping problems and find it hard to live without them.
Amanda Smith is a 16-year-old US junior high school student. She drinks one or more energy drinks every day. She started to do this a year ago before dance class. But now, Smith says,
( ) 48. What does the writer mainly try to tell us in the reading?
A. Energy drinks keep us awake.
B. Cola is bad for our bones.
C. Energy drinks can be very helpful.
D. Be careful of unhealthy drinks.
( ) 49. How old did Amanda Smith begin to take energy drnks?
A. Sixteen. B. Fifteen. C. Fourteen. D. Thirteen.
( ) 50. Though energy drinks make one feel good at first, it __________.
A. won?t last for long B. looks very cool
C. won?t be bad for us D. gets worse than before
36. A 37. B 38. C 39. B 40. D 41. A 42. C 43. B 44. D 45. A 46. B 47. C 48. D 49. B 50. A 中考英语简答题精品教案
评分标准:
了解简答题的评分原则及标准有利于我们更好地利用规则取得好的成绩。简答题的评分 原则及标准大致如下:要求在读懂文章的基础上,用准确简洁的语言回答问题,因此在做题 的同时要考虑内容和语言。以每题 2分为例,得 2分的标准是:答出全部内容,语言正确; 得 1分的标准:答出部分内容,语言正确;得 0分的标准是没有答对问题。
★ 答案中出现语言错误,扣 0.5分,每个语言错误扣分不超过 0.5分 (标点符号和大小写错 误忽略不计,也有的要求扣 0.5分 ) ;
★ 涉及无关内容者扣 0.5分,另外若答案中有互相矛盾的内容,则内容互相矛盾的部分皆 不得分,整句原封不动照搬,扣 0.5分;
★ 另外,如答案应涵盖两个方面,而只答对其中一个方面时,答错的一方面则在扣除 1分 后不再以多余信息另外扣分,但其中如有语言错误则再扣 0.5分。
常考题型:
● 细节类试题:细节类问题一般都能在原文中找到答案出处。 但关键是如何从答案出处中 归纳出问题的答案, 因为简答题要求用简洁的语言来回答, 不能原封不动地照搬原文的整句 话。 Mr Green,an English teacher who is working in China will take an “11 Days of China Grand Tour”. The price is $1270 a person. He can see different kinds of scenery during the trip. He?ll visit two important cities of China-Beijing and
Shanghai. In these two cities,he?ll visit the Forbidden City,the Great Wall,the Temple of Heaven, the Shanghai Museum and the oriental Pearl TV Tower. So he can experience old and new China. Suzhou is famous for silk and beautiful gardens. Hainan has different kinds of weather and scenery. There are many things to see,such as Wanquan River, Hairui Tomb and Tianya Hai-jiao. There is also scuba diving,fishing and boating. He?ll have a wonderful time.
41.How long will Mr Green spend on the trip ?
_________________________________________________________
42.How much will Mr Green pay for the trip ?
_________________________________________________________
● 推断类试题:答案在原文中是找不到的,它要求我们进行合理的推断。
43.How many cities will Mr Green visit ?
_____________________________________________________________
42.Where can he experience old and new China ?
______________________________________________________________
Suppose you will travel with your parents to America. You family will stay there for four days and plan between 1500 dollars and 1600 dollars on hotel accommodation. Please make the flowing decisions for your parents according to the given tariff: (价格表 )
MAIN BUILDING WEST BUILDING
Superior Single $418 Standard Double $180
Standard Double $428 Superior Double $268
Superior Double $528 Standard Single $100
Standard Suite $888 Superior Single $218
Superior Suite $1288
Executive Suite $2288
*Rate are subject to 15% service charge in the main Building and 10% in the
West Building.
* Free shuttle bus to the airport and railway station.
*Check-out time 12:00 noon.
76. Which building will you and your parents live in?
________________________________________________
77. How many rooms will you book for your family?
________________________________________________
78. What rooms will you book for your parents and yourself?
________________________________________________
79. What time should you leave the hotel?
________________________________________________
80. How will you go to the railway station so that you can reduce the cost?
________________________________________________
● 主旨类试题:对于此类试题,第一步是找出概括文章中心思想的主题句,对于原文中 没有提供主题句的主旨题,就需要理解文章的主要内容和中心思想,自己归纳总结答案。 During the summer holidays there will be a new schedule (时间表 ).
Changes for meal and library service hours and for bus schedules will be shown on the wall outside the dining room. Weekly film and concert schedules, which are being made, will be shown each Wednesday outside the library.
Buses to the town center will leave the North Beijing every hour on the half during the day. The dining room will serve three meals a day from 7:00 a.m. to 7:00 p.m. during the weekdays and two meals from noon to 7:00p.m on weekends. The library will continue its usual hours during the weekdays, but have shorter hours on Saturdays and Sundays. The weekend hours are from noon to 5:00 p.m.
All students who want to use the library borrowing service must have a new summer card. This announcement (通知 ) will also be shown in the next week?s student newspaper. 66. What?s the main idea of this announcement ?
________________________________________________
通读全文。 做简答题的关键是要读懂原文, 因此首先要通读首段和尾段、 弄清楚段落大 意及文章的中心意思以及作者的基本观点、态度,正确理解语境。
The first newspaper was written by hand and put up on walls. The earliest daily newspaper was started in Rome in 59 BC. In the 700?s ,the world?s first printed newspaper was published. In 1609 in Germany the first regular(定期的 )newspaper was started.
The first regular published newspaper in English was printed in Amsterdam in 1620. In 1621, an English newspaper was started in London and was published once a week. The first daily English newspaper was the Daily Currant. It came out in March 1702.
In 1690, Benjamin Harris printed the first American newspaper in Boston. But not long after it was first published, the government stopped the paper.In 1704,John Campbell started the Boston Newsletter, the first newspaper published daily in America. By 1760,America had more than thirty daily newspapers. There are now about 1800 daily papers in the USA. Tosay,as a group, English language newspaper have the largest circulation(发行量 ) in the world. But the largest circulation for a newspaper is that of the Japanese newspaper Asahi Shimbun. It sells more than eleven million copies every year.
46. Where was the first regular published newspaper in English printed ?
_____________________________________________________________
47.When did the first daily English newspaper come out ?
_____________________________________________________________
48.How many more newspapers are there in America now than that in 1760 ?
_____________________________________________________________
49.Does Asahi Shimbun have the largest circulation of all the newspapers ?
_____________________________________________________________
50.Which English word has the closest meaning to ? Newsletter “?
_____________________________________________________________
简练作答。在基本确定了每道题的回答内容之后,就要用简练、准确的英语表达出来。 注意回答问题时要切中要点,不要画蛇添足。组织答案时,注意避免语言错误,如:时态、 主谓一致、句子结构和拼写等。如需引用原文,要作适当改动,最好不要整句照搬 .
Sydney is a young city. Its history goes back just over 200 years. But in Australia, it is the oldest city. It is also the country?s largest city. Sydney is the capital of New South Wales and the most populous(人口稠密的) city of Australia.
The climate of Sydney is very good. It?s not too cold during the winter and not too hot during the summer. The sky is blue, the air is fresh, birds sing in the garden. People who live in Sydney seem to have an easy life style. They will tell you, ”Don?t worry .”
Many people think that Sydney is one of the most attractive cities in the world. It has many tall and modern buildings. Among them, Centrepoint Tower is the tallest. Standing on the 305— metre tower, you will have a great view of the city.
71.How old is Sydney ?
________________________________________
72.How is the climate of Sydney ?
________________________________________
73.How tall is Centrepoint Tower ?
________________________________________
按题查读,即根据问题去寻找答案。认真阅读问题,充分理解问题,准确理解所问的内 容,确定需要在文章中查找的对象,避免答非所问。
How would you like to live in a land where the sun shines day and night? There are places in the polar regions where , for months, the sun never sets! This is known as the land of the Midnight Sun. This period of sunlight can last up to six months。
This happens because the Earth tilts(倾斜 ) 。 When the North Pole is tilted towards the sun, it has constant(不断) daylight. At that same time, the South Pole is tilted away from the sun.It is in darkness.
Six months later, the South Pole tilts to the sun and has constant daylight. Then the North Pole is tilted away. It has darkness.
71.Where can you see the Midnight Sun ?
_____________________________________________
72. How long can the period of sunlight last?
______________________________________________
73. Why can we see the Midnight Sun?
______________________________________________
74. When there is Midnight Sun in the North Pole?
______________________________________________
75. What happens in the South Pole ?
______________________________________________
认真核查。 完成所填的答案以后, 再将原短文和补全后的短文或句子放在一起 , 审读一遍, 上下对比参照,逐一检查所填的词是否符合原文主旨和细节,是否答非所问,是否仍存在语 法、词汇拼写等错误,另外还有一点也要注意:如果对字数有要求 , 是否符合要求。
Harry Potter is the name of a series of fantasy novels by British writer J.K. Rowling. Six of seven planned books have been published to date. The books depict(描写 )a society of witches and wizards, the man character being a young wizard named Harry Potter. The first novel, Harry Potter and the Philosopher?s Stone( retitled Harry Potter and the Sorcerer?s Stone in the United States) , was released in 1997. The first four books have been made into films, and the fifth book is due to stsrt filming in February 2009.
66. How many books does the series of novel have ?
________________________________________
67.Is Harry Potter a witch or a wizard ?
________________________________________
68. How many books have been made into films so far ?
________________________________________
69.Who is the writer of Harry Potter ?
________________________________________
答案形式要符合提问方式。不同类型的问题要求有不同形式的回答,不能仅仅为了答案 的简洁而忽略了问题与回答在形式上的对应。如原文中提问方式为 “why” ,那么就要用 “ because ” 引导的从句来回答。
答题时值得注意的是:根据语境、先定词义、后定词形。因此首先得纵观全文,围绕中 心意思,综合考虑来确定词义,保证所填的词符合全文的大意。查读相关的段落或词句时, 应仔细对照留有空格的句子或问题,找出充足的依据来确定该空格应填词的词义。所填的词 还必须符合语法正确的原则,必须从词语搭配、句型结构以及人称、时态、语态上来判定所 填词的正确形式,所填的词以实词为主,有些要填的词可以从原短文中直接找到答案。 On the evening of his arrival in New York, Jimmy wanted to make a call to Mother. He found a telephone booth nearby and put some coins into a box in it, dialed 734— 8681. At first the line was busy and then his call was put through. Jimmy was very glad to say
With a polite
After a while, Jimmy dialed again and heard Mother?s voice from far.
With saying
66. Where did Jimmy come from?
_____________________________________________________________
67. Who did Jimmy call?
_____________________________________________________________
68. What is a
A
69. What did the lady mean by saying
The lady meant
70. How many times was Jimmy stopped while he was making a phone call?
____________________________________________________ _
阅读与回答问题(共 15小题;每小题 2分,满分 30分)
阅读下列短文,然后根据意思回答问题。
Every year, thousands of students choose to study in another country for a term, the summer, or a year, Studying overseas(在国外) can be an exciting experience for many people. Why do it
Living in another country can help you to learn a language, and about another culture. You will see the world in a new way, and learn more about yourself. Overseas study may also look good on your future resume(求职简历) . Many companies today want employees(雇员) who speak a second language, or have experienced living or working in another country. Making the right choice
Once you decide to study overseas, you have to make some choices. To choose the right country or school, ask yourself: Where do I want to go and why? How much do I want to pay? How long do I want to study overseas? Do I want to live with roommates, alone or somewhere else?
Getting ready to go
Get your passport and visa(护照与签证) early! Before you go, learn some of the language, and read about some common customs(普通习俗) in the country that you are going to. Learn about the money. Bring some of it, and a credit card with you.
Once you are there
After the first few weeks overseas, many students will feel a little homesick. They may miss their family, friends, and familiar ways of doing things. Remember that it takes time to get used to a new place, school, and culture. When you feel sad or homesick, try to talk to others, or write about your feelings in a notebook.
56. Where can studying bring many people an exciting experience?
_______________________________________________________________
57. Who want employees that are good at foreign languages?
58. What should you do if you decide to study abroad?
_______________________________________________________________
59. What do you have to get before you get ready to go?
_______________________________________________________________
60. What can you do when you feel sad or homesick?
_______________________________________________________________
At the age of 40, Tom Bloch was the head of H&R Block, a huge company that helps people do with their tax(税) forms. He was very successful. Although Bloch was very rich, he wasn?t very happy. He spent too much time at work and didn?t have enough time to spend with his family. Suddenly he left H&R Block and became a teacher in a poor neighbourhood. “I want to help people who didn?t have the chances I had,” Bloch explained.
Learning to teach the students was hard at first. But the results are great. He helps children and hears students say he?s their favourite teacher. And Bloch is able to spend more time with his family.
61. When was Tom Bloch the head of a big company?
________________________________________________________________
62. What does Mr. Bloch?s company do?
________________________________________________________________
63. Why did Mr. Bloch become a teacher in a poor neighbourhood?
________________________________________________________________
64. How was Mr. Bloch?s teaching at first?
________________________________________________________________
65. Is Mr. Bloch able to spend less time with his family now?
________________________________________________________________
Frank Smith I'm in Grade Two in high school, I have a part-time job in a restaurant. I send dishes for the restaurant on Saturdays and Sundays from 8 :00 a. m. until 4 : 00 p. m. . I get $ 5. 50 an hour. It isn't much money, but I save almost every cent. Because I want to go to a good university, and it needs a lot of money.
Liz Johnson I'm in Grade Three in high school. I have a job as a cashier(收银员 )tn a store. The job pay? well— about $ 6.75 an hour. I work every weeknight after school from 4:00 until 8: 00. I don't have time for homework, and my grades aren't very good this year. But I have to study hard because I want to be a doctor in the future.
Mary Connor It's my first year in college. College is very expensive, so I work in a law(法 律 ) office for three hours every weekday afternoon. I get $ 8. 25 an hour. The job gives me good experience because I want to be a lawyer (律师 ) someday. But I don't want to work every term, I need time to study.
46. What does Frank Smith do in the restaurant?
________________________________________________________________
47. How long does Liz Johnson work every weeknight?
________________________________________________________________ 48. Who gets the highest pay an hour?
________________________________________________________________
转载请注明出处范文大全网 » 中考英语阅读理解教案
