范文一:网络安全技术文章
网络安全技术文章
手把手教你捕获数据包
http://www.juntuan.net/hkjc/xinshou/n/2006-07-06/16421.html
第八军团的黑客技术测试游戏,火暴游戏中....
http://www.juntuan.net/hkjc/xinshou/n/2005-05-20/5242.html
惊喜多多,精彩不断,第八军团暑期大献礼!
http://www.juntuan.net/anquan/zxxw/n/2006-07-06/16454.html
关于代码加密解密保护
http://www.juntuan.net/hkjc/xinshou/n/2005-07-24/6541.html 注入点得知是否有硬盘访问权
http://www.juntuan.net/hkjc/xinshou/n/2005-07-24/6540.html 关于网页源代码屏蔽
http://www.juntuan.net/hkjc/xinshou/n/2005-07-24/6539.html IP安全策略 VS 特洛伊木马
http://www.juntuan.net/hkjc/xinshou/n/2005-07-24/6538.html
一个木马加多层壳 (不会破坏掉数据的哦)菜鸟级进
http://www.juntuan.net/hkjc/xinshou/n/2005-07-24/6537.html
修改特征码打造免杀后门之WinShell篇
http://www.juntuan.net/hkjc/xinshou/n/2005-07-24/6530.html
软件工程笔记
http://www.juntuan.net/hkjc/xinshou/n/2005-07-24/6527.html 装防火墙的十二个建议
http://www.juntuan.net/hkjc/xinshou/n/2005-07-24/6519.html
[推荐]SQL注射总结
http://www.juntuan.net/hkjc/xinshou/n/2005-07-24/6524.html
系统设置搞定脚本安全
http://www.juntuan.net/hkjc/xinshou/n/2005-07-24/6534.html
堵住你的机器后门
http://www.juntuan.net/hkjc/xinshou/n/2005-07-24/6517.html 花生壳新手教程
http://www.juntuan.net/hkjc/xinshou/n/2005-07-24/6516.html 笔记本电脑技术基础
http://www.juntuan.net/hkjc/xinshou/n/2005-07-24/6510.html 如何突破TCP-IP过滤防火墙进入内网
DNS基础知识
http://www.juntuan.net/hkjc/xinshou/n/2005-07-24/6507.html
复旦大学黑客试卷,纯属搞笑
http://www.juntuan.net/hkjc/xinshou/n/2005-05-25/5379.html
黑客入门级菜鸟必修教程
http://www.juntuan.net/hkjc/xinshou/n/2005-05-08/4781.html
计算机加密反跟踪技术密文技术
http://www.juntuan.net/hkjc/xinshou/n/2005-05-25/5386.html
绝对珍藏——常用窍门和技巧
http://www.juntuan.net/hkjc/xinshou/n/2005-06-25/5946.html
清理你入侵后的痕迹
http://www.juntuan.net/hkjc/xinshou/n/2005-07-05/6124.html
电脑硬盘数据丢失后的解决方法
http://www.juntuan.net/hkjc/xinshou/n/2005-05-21/5273.html
如何有效的为WindowsXP减肥
http://www.juntuan.net/hkjc/xinshou/n/2005-05-21/5272.html
手把手教你备份Windows密码
http://www.juntuan.net/hkjc/xinshou/n/2005-05-21/5248.html
3389肉鸡快捷键
http://www.juntuan.net/hkjc/xinshou/n/2005-05-25/5403.html
局域网内玩转远程协助(图文)
http://www.juntuan.net/hkjc/xinshou/n/2005-05-25/5399.html
有数据库不用爆破md5
http://www.juntuan.net/hkjc/xinshou/n/2005-05-25/5395.html
盗号后的处理方法与盗号的防治
Ping漏洞的安全须知以及防范措施
http://www.juntuan.net/hkjc/xinshou/n/2005-05-25/5405.html
安全基础知识之账号安全
http://www.juntuan.net/hkjc/xinshou/n/2005-07-04/6096.html
偷看加密的QQ相册
http://www.juntuan.net/QQ/fangdao/n/2006-06-14/15921.html
免费升级你的QQ邮箱由1G升级到2G
http://www.juntuan.net/QQ/jiqiao/n/2006-06-27/16188.html
广外选修纪事[入侵实例]
http://www.juntuan.net/hkjc/rqsl/n/2006-07-05/16387.html
全球最嚣张黑客:一次黑掉21549个网站
http://www.juntuan.net/hkgs/jshs/n/2006-07-05/16367.html
首页没有权限也能挂马么
http://www.juntuan.net/hkjc/xinshou/n/2006-07-05/16385.html
劫持国内超人气论坛---西祠胡同讨论版
http://www.juntuan.net/hkjc/xinshou/n/2006-07-05/16380.html
银行卡诈骗手段曝光
http://www.juntuan.net/hkjc/xinshou/n/2006-07-05/16377.html
笔记本失窃 惠普20万员工资料外泄
http://www.juntuan.net/hkgs/jshs/n/2006-07-05/16356.html
亲身经验如何盗取QQ号
http://www.juntuan.net/QQ/fangdao/n/2006-07-05/16390.html
QQ等级高的好处
http://www.juntuan.net/QQ/jiqiao/n/2006-07-05/16365.html
网络/黑客攻防书籍新书,光盘
http://www.juntuan.net/anquan/zxxw/n/2006-07-04/16341.html
http://bbs.juntuan.net/announcement.php?id=46#46 内网安全技术十大策略
http://www.juntuan.net/wgjs/luyou/n/2006-07-04/16346.html
范文二:网络安全相关英文文章2
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A New Virtual Private Network for Today??s Mobile World
Karen Heyman
coming down to a corporation??s physical setup and access needs. However, Silva said, SSL **s might eventually have the edge as the world goes more mobile. Meanwhile, SSL **s still face some challenges to widespread adoption.
** BACKGROUND
V
irtual private networks were a critical technology for turning the Internet into an important business tool. Today??s **s establish secure connections between a remote user and a corporate or other network via the encryption of packets sent through the Internet, rather than an expensive private network. However, they traditionally have linked only a relatively few nodes that a company??s IT department controls and con?gures. This is not adequate for the many organizations that now must let managers, employees, partners, suppliers, consultants, e-commerce customers, and others access networks from their own PCs, laptops, publicly available computers like those at airport kiosks, and even mobile devices, many not controlled by the organization. **s based on Internet Protocol security (IPsec) technology were not designed for and are not well-suited for such uses. Instead of restricting remote users who should not have access to many parts of a company??s network, explained Graham Titterington, principal analyst with market-research firm Ovum, ??IPsec [generally] connects users into a network and gives the same sort of access they would have if they were physically on the LAN.?? Organizations are thus increasingly adopting **s based on
Secure Sockets Layer technology from vendors such as Aventail, Cisco Systems, F5 Networks, Juniper Networks, and Nortel Networks. SSL **s enable relatively easy deployment, added Chris Silva, an analyst at Forrester Research, a market-research ?rm. A company can install the ** at its headquarters and push any necessary software to users, who then access the network via their browsers, he explained. Organizations thus don??t have to manage, ?x, update, or buy licenses for multiple clients, yielding lower costs, less maintenance and support, and greater simplicity than IPsec **s, Silva said. ??From a remote-access perspective, IPsec is turning into a legacy technology,?? said Rich Campagna, Juniper??s SSL ** product manager. Nonetheless, IPsec **s are still preferable for some uses, such as linking a remote, company-controlled node, perhaps in a branch of?ce, with the corporate
network. Both ** flavors are likely to continue to ?ourish, with the choice
Published by the IEEE Computer Society
An early attempt to create a ** over the Internet used multiprotocol label switching, which adds labels to packets to designate their network path. In essence, all packets in a data set travel through designated tunnels to their destinations. However, MPLS **s don??t encrypt data. IPsec and SSL **s, on the other hand, use encrypted packets with cryptographic keys exchanged between sender and receiver over the public Internet. Once encrypted, the data can take any route over the Internet to reach its ?nal destination. There is no dedicated pathway. US Defense Department contractors began using this technique as far back as the late 1980s, according to Paul Hoffman, director of the ** Consortium (www.**c.org).
Introducing IPsec
Vendors initially used proprietary and other forms of encryption with their **s. However, to establish a standard way to create interoperable **s, many vendors moved to IPsec, which the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) adopted in 1998. With IPsec, a computer sends a request for data from a server through a gateway, acting essentially as a router, at the edge of its network. The gateway encrypts the data and sends it over the Internet. The receiving gateway queries the incoming packets, authenticates the sender??s identity and designated network-access level, and if everything checks out, admits and decrypts the information. Both the transmitter and receiver must support IPsec and share a public encryption key for authentication.
December 2007
17
Firewall Terminal services Decrypted traffic
File and media server
Internet SSL encrypted Remote user: traffic Business partner Kiosk user Temporary staff Traveling staff Telecommuter
Desktop
SSL **: Authentication Authorization Decryption Integrity check
Web proxy Web server E-mail server
Figure 1. In an SSL **, a remote user logs in to a dedicated Web site to access a company??s network. The user??s browser initiates the session with a corporate server or desktop computer, which downloads the necessary software to the client. The software uses SSL for encrypting the transmitted data. At the corporate site, the ** system authenticates users, determines what level of network access they should have, and if everything checks out, decrypts the data and sends it to the desired destination.
Unlike SSL, IPsec is implemented as a full application installed
on the client. And it doesn??t take advantage of existing browser code.
IPsec limitations
According to Forrester??s Silva, corporate IT departments increasingly need to let remote users connect to enterprise networks, which is challenging with IPsec. The normal practice of con?guring IPsec **s to allow full access to a network can create vulnerabilities. To avoid this, administrators would have to configure them to permit access only to parts of a network, according to Peter Silva, technical marketing manager for F5 Networks SSL **s. IPsec **s also have trouble letting certain traffic transverse firewalls, he explained. This isn??t usually a problem, as most companies have the same basic ports open both inbound and outbound. However, it is possible that one company would let traf?c out over a port that another doesn??t leave open for inbound data. By contrast, the vast majority of companies have port 80 (dedicated
18
Computer
to HTTP traf?c) or 443 (dedicated to SSL or HTTPS) open inbound and outbound, so crossing ?rewalls is rarely a problem for SSL **s, which are Web-based. IPsec **s are full programs and thus are large, generally 6 to 8 megabytes. This means they download more slowly and don??t always work well on smaller devices.
ENTER THE SSL **
The first SSL ** vendor was Neoteris, purchased in 2003 by NetScreen, which Juniper bought the next year, according to Juniper??s Campagna.
SSL
Netscape Communications developed SSL and released the ?rst public version in 1994. The IETF adopted the technology as a standard in 1999, naming it Transport Layer Security. However, most users still call it SSL. The technology, which offers the same encryption strengths as IPsec, has been used largely to secure financial transactions on the Web. In an SSL **, a user logs in to a
dedicated Web site. The browser initiates the session with the Web server, which downloads the necessary software to the client, generally using either ActiveX or Java controls. Administrators can con?gure an SSL ** gateway to conduct additional checks, such as whether the connecting device has the latest security upgrades. During this process, the client and server identify common security parameters, such as ciphers and hash functions, and use the strongest ones they both support. The ** gateway identi?es itself via a digital certi?cate that includes information such as the name of the trusted authority that issued the certi?cate, which the client can contact for verification, and the server??s public encryption key. The gateway then sends an encrypted session cookie to the browser to start the communications. To generate the encryption key used for the session, the client encrypts a random
number with the server??s public key and sends the result to the server, which decrypts it with a private key. Once the user??s identity is authenticated, an SSL **, like an IPsec **, allows the level of access granted by company policies for different types of users. Thus, for example, the vice president of human resources would have access to an employee salary database while most other visitors wouldn??t. All major browsers are SSLenabled, so SSL **s can work with almost any browser and are thus platform- and operating-systemindependent, said the ** Consortium??s Hoffman. This makes them more convenient to use, particularly for mobile users, than IPsec **s.
SSL advantages
The mobile or stationary user connects to a company??s SSL ** by entering a URL in a browser and then presenting login credentials, usually a username and password.
This begins the process of establishing a secure connection. Basic functionality and implementation. Once the initial connection is made, the Web server downloads controllers that work with the browser??s own code. Thus, the downloads are small, generally between 100 kilobits and 1 megabit. Because they??re so small, they download fast (making them easier for ad hoc use), take up less space on the hard drive, and work better on smaller devices such as cellular phones. Most SSL **s use a reverse proxy, which rewrites the content from the Web application and presents it to the browser. Proxy servers present a single interface to users, accelerate the encryption process, perform data compression, and provide an additional layer of security. Gateway boxes are the network element that SSL vendors sell. They streamline both ingoing and outgoing traffic and provide proxying, authentication, and authorization. Authentication and authorization. SSL **s check usernames, passwords, and digital certi?cates to authenticate visitors. The gateways then consult a database to determine the level of network access the user should have. This gateway functionality consolidates the combination of ?rewalls, extranets, and other technologies previously used to provide authentication. This not only simpli?es the process but also reduces the amount of equipment that companies must manage.
should not. If an enterprise doesn??t have such rules in place already, designing and implementing them can require considerable work. In addition, companies must choose among multiple approaches to limiting access, including mapping certain users to parts of a network or building tunnels to speci?c applications, servers, ports, or ?lters. SSL **s used to be considerably slower than their IPsec-based counterparts. SSL works with TCP, in which data recipients must acknowledge every incoming packet. IPsec, on the other hand, works with the User Datagram Protocol, which is quicker because it doesn??t require
acknowledgments. Also, many backbone providers give UDP traffic higher priority than TCP communications. Now, though, SSL **s use network optimization and data compression to improve performance. SSL **s are also faster than before because they can use the IETF??s relatively new Datagram Transport Layer Security protocol, which runs over UDP, said Cisco product marketing manager Mark Jansen.
O
ver time, SSL **s will gain additional capabilities. For example, Forrester??s Silva said they are now able to manage users?? connections and preserve their sessions as, for example, they roam from a Wi-Fi network to a public cellular network and back. IPsec **s will still be suf?cient for communications between an ITmanaged machine and a network, or for hub-and-spoke communications within a network. Over time, though, in an increasingly mobile world, said Forrester??s Silva, SSL will become the obvious choice for **s. ??
Karen Heyman is a freelance technology writer based in Santa Monica, California. Contact her at klhscience@ yahoo.com.
Editor: Lee Garber, Computer, l.garber@computer.org
IEEE Computer Society members
25%
SAVE
Challenges
Many businesses might not want to change from the IPsec **s they??ve spent money on, at least until they have recovered their investments. Users of new SSL **s also face a learning curve. Companies need different sets of rules for different users, to provide them with varying degrees of network access. For example, corporate accountants should have access to ?nancial records, but outside visitors
on all confer ences sponsor ed by the IEEE Computer Society
w w w. c o m p u t e r. o r g / j o i n
December 2007
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范文三:网络安全相关英文文章2
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范文五:网络安全概论毕业文章
关于网络安全
网络安全隐患的最初原因不过两种,一是源于自身的设计缺陷或是设备质量不高等,二是源于外部的破坏和攻击。
当然,克服设计缺陷的工作和努力研发、以做出技术突破的工作现在所有的相关的技术人员都在做,并要长期地坚持地做下去。然后我们要谈的是来源于外部的对网络的攻击与破坏。
有人说网络安全的防御是始终要落后于攻击的,是被动的,事实的确如此,但我们可以做最大可能的努力去改变这种状况。
我们都知道网络技术的革新很多时候都要考虑安全问题,但那绝对不是最主要的问题,或者说那完全是次要的问题,每次在做网络升级的时候,最先考虑的就是可行性,实用性的问题了,然后是收益,然后就会考虑到用户的接受能力。随着计算机网络的不断发展,全球信息化已成为人类发展的大趋势;给政府机构、企事业单位带来了革命性的改革。但由于计算机网络具有联结形式多样性、终端分布不均匀性和网络的开放性、互连性等特征,致使网络易受黑客、病毒、恶意软件和其他不轨的攻击,所以网上信息的安全和保密是一个至关重要的问题。对于军用的自动化指挥网络、银行和政府等传输敏感数据的计算机网络系统而言,其网上信息的安全和保密尤为重要。所以其实我们可以在一开始的时候就注重网络的安全问题,消灭隐患于萌芽状态。
从另一方面分析,网络攻击者的攻击目的无非就那么几种。获取进程的执行 获取文件和传输中的数据 获取超级用户的权限 对系统的非法访问 进行不许可的操作 涂改信息 暴露信息。根本上说,攻击者目的可能有如下几个:获得金钱,权利,资料的利益,或为了达到某种不可告人的阴谋,或被人雇佣或是主动向从中牟利;攻击者也许是一名黑客,他想借各种攻击炫耀自己的技术,搞一些故意破坏行为扩大自己的影响力,毫无疑问,这是极其自私的。前者情况的防范需要我们的专业的安全人员以及网监们的不断的努力,而后者,其实成名的愿望在当今的社会各地也许到处都有,但怕再也没有哪个国家的公民会像我们中国公民有更强烈的愿望了吧。事实的确是这样的,中国大地上再也没有像今天这样浮躁,所以这种情况已经上升到了一个社会环境的高度了。这需要我们每个人能更加认清自己,认清自己想要的东西,而不是更风,追求虚浮的东西,另一方面也
要求政府尽快的改革,适应社会发展的需要,提高国民素质。
对普通的用户,或是比较低级的用户而言受到的攻击强度一般情况而言是不会太强的,人家没必要拿着炮弹打蚊子,对吧?而如果上升到国家国际那么高的层面上好像又不关普通人们的事了,因为你关心了也没用。对普通用户而言,做好安全防范其实相较简单容易。
没有绝对安全的网络。制定安全策略时,往往必须在安全性和实用性之间采取一个折中的方案,着重保证一些主要的安全性指标,如数据完整性、数据的可用性、数据保密性。下面我们可以从以下几个方面来阐明网络安全实现的途径。安全的责任和控制:正确分配系统的管理权限往往是安全策略成败的关键。这个
1.问题通常可以从两方面来考虑:(1)账户,考虑如何规定系统备用户对系统各项信息的访问权限,如何监督用户活动,记录用户活动情况等。(2)授权,对系统内每条信息,考虑如何规定各用户对它的操作权限,如只读、读写,以及用户之间的权限转让等。不管是账户管理还是授权管理,关键问题是安全责任控制――一个组织必须像管理有形资产如办公楼、学校设备一样对信息进行管理。
2.利用加密与保密技术。3. 包过滤技术:为了防止网络系统中每台计算机都可随意访问其它计算机以及系统中的各项服务,需要使用包过滤技术。包过滤器是路由器的一部分,它的功能是阻止包任意通过路由器在不同的网络之间穿越。网络管理员可以配置包过滤器,以控制哪些包可以通过路由器,哪些包不可以(一些局域网交换机在局域网内部提供类似的过滤功能,允许管理员控制哪些帧可以从一台计算机到另一台计算机,哪些则不可以)。4.建立可靠的互联网防火墙
对于普通的网民用户则让自己的网络达到一个相对安全的状态可以采取的措施更为简单,只需要保持良好的用网习惯即可,例如安装防火墙和一款优良的杀毒软件,为Administrator用户权限降级,不双击U盘而是用杀毒软件先扫描再打开,禁止所有的磁盘自动运行,经常检查开机启动项,加密隐私的和重要的文件,使用较为复杂的密码,且最好不要告诉其他的人,不随便接受陌生的文件,不浏览奇怪的网页,定期杀毒。相信做好这些,普通用户的电脑就应该能处在一个较为安全的状态,如果实在出了大的问题,可以试着重装系统以彻底解决问题。
总而言之,对网络安全的意识是始终坚持要有的,虽然不去搞破坏,但要坚持坚持一颗防人之心! 网络工程2班
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