范文一:高二英语必修四重点句型分析
智力题
常识题:
1. Fourth of July is Independence Day. Yes or no?
2. Koalas can swim. Yes or no?
3. The earth moves round the sun.
4. While having the western food, you use the fork with the left hand and the knife with the right hand.
数学题:
1. What would be the next number in this series?
2 ... 4 ... 8 ... 16 ... 32 ... ??
2. Two men, starting at the same point, walk in opposite directions for 4 meters, turn left and walk another 3 meters. What is the distance between them?
图形题:
1. Which one of the following five is least like the other four?
字母题:
1. If you rearrange the letters NLIRBE, you would have the name of a
River - Country - City - Animal - Plant
2. If you rearrange the letters in "GOICCHA", you get a name of a/an: CITY - ANIMAL - COUNTRY – PARK
推理题
1. There are five employees--G, H, I, J, and K--in an office. Rumors spread through the office according to the following rules; Rumors can be passed in either direction between J and K. Rumors can be passed from G to H, from H to I, and from I to K. A rumor begun by H that reaches J will be known by all the following employees
EXCEPT?
范文二:英语必修一重点句型
be good to 对….友好 add up 合计
another time 改时间 get sth done 使…被做 calm down 镇定下来 have got to 不得不
be concerned about 关心;挂念 walk the dog 遛狗 make a list of 列出
share sth with sb 和某人分享某物 go through 经历;仔细检查 hide away 躲藏;隐藏 set down 放下;记下 a series of 一系列;一套 be crazy about 对…着迷 on purpose 故意
in order to/ so as to 为了 face to face 面对面地
according to 按照;根据…所说 get along with 与…相处 pack up 收拾,打理行装
have trouble with sb/sth 同某人闹意见;做…有困难
throw away the friendship 放弃/终止友谊 try out 试验;试用 join in 参加(活动)
communicate with sb 和…交际 far and wide 到处
look to sth 注意,留心某事 cheat sb (out) of sth 骗取某人某物
have the/a habit of doing sth 有做…的习惯 be ignorant of 无知的
fall in love 相爱
1. I wonder if… 我想知道是否….
2. It’s because… 这是因为…. 此从句中because不能用since或as 代替
3. What do you think a good friend should be like? 你认为一个好朋友应该是什么样的呢? 4. While walking the dog, you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car. =While you were walking the dog, …在遛狗时,你不小心让狗挣脱了绳子,结果狗被车撞了。 (当while, when, before, after 等引导的时间状语从句中的主语与主句的主语一致时,可将从句中的主语和be动词省去。)
5. Do you want a friend whom you could tell everything to, like your deepest feelings and thoughts? 你想有一位无话不谈、能推心置腹的朋友吗?
6. I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature. 我已经很久不能去户外,所以我变得对自然界的所有东西都很感兴趣。 7. I can well remember that there was a time when a deep blue sky, the song of birds, moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound. 我记得非常清楚,曾有一段时间,湛蓝的天空、鸟儿的歌唱、月光和鲜花,从未使我心醉神迷过。
8. It was the first time in a year and a half that I’d seen the night face to face. 这是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚。
9. I would be grateful if you could give me some advice. 如果您给我提些建议,我会非常感谢的。 (I would be grateful if… 委婉客气提出请求)
10. It’s a good habit for you to keep a diary. 记日记对你来说是个好习惯。 11. She found it difficult to settle and… 12. This series of readers is very interesting. 13. A friend in need is a friend indeed.
14. People are told that their actions should be as gentle as the wind that blows from the sea.
in…ways 在…方面 be different from 与…不同
play a role/ part (in) 在…中担任角色;在…中起作用;扮演一个角色;参与 play an important role/ part 在…中起重要作用 because of 因为;由于 such as 例如
believe it or not 信不信由你
come up (vi) 走进;上来;发生;被讨论 come up with 提出
come up to a place 参观某地 ever before 从前 at the end of 在…末期 even if/ though 即使 be based on 在...基础上 close to 距离…近
make (good/ full) use of (好好/充分)利用 change…into 把…变成 in the early days 在早期
from one place to another 从一处到另一处 take…with…随身携带 the same…as 与…相同的
carry out a rule 执行规则 be absent from 缺席 be a native of 是…人
present sth to sb / present sb with sth be native to 是…的土产动物/植物 at sb’s request 应某人的要求 have a command of掌握 make a request 请求 give commands 命令
request that …(should)+v原形 in one direction 朝一个方向
an international language 一门国际语言 an international organization 一个国际组织
in the 1600’s = in the 1600s as we know 正如我们所知
at present 目前 as a rule 通常;照例 be present at 在席;出席
1. However, they may not be able to understand everything. (然而,他们可能不是什么都懂。)
2. This is because Britain ruled India from 1765 to 1947. (这是因为英国于1765年到1947年统治过印度。)
3. All languages change when cultures communicate with one another. (当不同文化互相沟通时,所有的语言都会发生变化。) 4. What the British call “petrol” the Americans call “gas”.
(美国人把被英国人称作“petrol”的东西称作“gas。” 此处what引导宾语从句) 5. Actually, it was based more on German than present day English. (实际上,当时的英语更多地是以德语为基础的,而现代英语不是。)
6. …those who reported the news were expected to speak excellent English. 7. The US is a large country in which many different dialects are spoken. (in which= where, 其引导定语从句。 美国是一个大国,国内说着许许多多的方言。) 8. …there is more than one kind of English in the world. (more than one+单数可数名词,作主语时,谓语用单数)
9. It is not easy for a Chinese person to speak English as well as a native English speaker. (对于一个中国人来说把英语说得跟以英语为母语的人一样好是不容易的。) 句型:It is + adj/n+ for sb to do sth 对于某人来说做某事是… 扩充:It is + adj+ of /for sb to do sth
当句式中形容词修饰to do sth 时用for; 若形容词修饰sb,则用of.
eg: It’s kind of you to help me carry the box. 附:
1. either…or…和neither…nor…连接两个名词作主语,谓语动词采取就近原则。 2. be different in 强调在某方面的不同
be different from 强调在各方面的不同 3. in the end 最后,最终 后无of 结构 三个表示最后最终的用法:
⑴finally: 按照顺序的最后,常与first, secondly 等连用 ⑵at last: 经过长时间等待直到最后
⑶in the end: 经过长期曲折斗争努力,终于… 如:战争等
4. 与人交谈,常会有听不清楚或听不懂的情形,遇到这种情况该如何开口呢? ⑴Pardon?
⑵I beg your pardon? I don’t understand./ Sorry, I can’t follow you. 对不起,我没听懂,请再说一遍好吗?
⑶Could you say that again, please? / Could you repeat that, please? 请再说一遍好吗? ⑷Could you speak more slowly, please? 请你说得慢一点好吗? 5. include ─ including; included identity ─ identify actually ─ actual (adj); rapidly ─ rapid (v)
government (n) ─ govern(v) wide (adj) ─ widen (v);
broad (adj) ─ broaden (v) foreign ─ foreigner; solve (v) ─ solution (n)
6. petrol------gas ; lift------elevator; flat------apartment
film------movie; sweets----candy; post------mail
one-way fare 单程票 round-trip fare 往返票
dream of/ about doing sth 梦想做某事 graduate from 从…毕业
go for long bike rides 做长途自行车旅行
persuade sb to do sth= persuade sb into doing sth 说服某人做某事 persuade sb not to do sth= persuade sb out of doing sth 说服某人不做某事 get sb interested in 使某人对… 感兴趣 insist on (one’s) sth/ doing sth 一定要;坚持要
the best way of doing sth/ the best way to do sth 干某事的最好办法 at an altitude of 在…海拔上 attitude to/ toward(s) 对…态度
care about 忧虑,关心 care for喜欢,照顾 care to do愿意/同意做某事
change one’s mind 改变主意 to my mind = in my opinion
make up one’s mind to do 决心干某事
determine to do sth ( 动作) / be determined to do sth (心理) 决心干某事 give in (to) 投降;屈服;让步 give in (vt) 上交
give up 放弃 give up doing/sth
as usual 像往常一样 at midnight 午夜
make camp 野营,宿营 put up one’s tents 搭起帐篷
sth be familiar to sb某事为某人所熟悉 sb be familiar with sth某人熟悉某事
can’t wait/ can hardly wait to do sth 迫不及待想干某事
for one thing… for another (用来引出某事的理由)一则… 二则… take one’s breath away 使某人大吃一惊
1. It was my sister who first had the idea to cycle along the Mekong River. 强调句基本句型:it is/ was…. that….其中指人时可用who(主),whom(宾)。
2. Although she didn’t know the best way of getting to places, she insisted that we (should) find the source of the river.
insist that….(should)+ v原形 坚持要;坚持要求 insist that….陈述语气 坚持说;坚持认为
3. Have you ever seen snowmen ride bicycles? (metaphor)
4. To climb the mountain road was hard work but to go down the hills was great fun.
5. Good luck on your journey.
6. The lake shone like glass in the moonlight. (simile)
have time to do 有时间做某事 happen to do 碰巧做某事
shake hands with sb 握手 burst into tears/ laughter burst out crying/laughing 突然哭/笑起来
in ruins 成为废墟 cut across 穿过、横穿
blow away 吹走、刮走 fall down 倒塌
rescue workers 救援人员 be pleased to do 乐意做某事
make/ give a speech 发表演说 judging….from 根据……来判断tens of thousands of 成千上万 invite sb to do sth 邀请某人做某事 think little of 对……评价低
invite sb for/ to sth think highly of 对……评价高
one-third 1/3 two-thirds 2/3 seventy-five percent 75%
agree with sb give out 发出(气味等);分发;耗尽agree to sth give off 发出(气味等)
agree to do sth give away 赠送;泄露
agree on sth 达成一致意见 give back 归还
dig out 挖掘
a great/ large number of =a great many/good 大量的 be trapped in/ under 陷入……/ 陷在……下面 the high school speaking competition 高中演讲比赛 have sb do sth= make sb do sth= let sb do sth 让某人做某事
come to an end (vi) = put/ bring sth to an end = put/ bring an end to sth 结束某事 be proud of / take pride in 以……而自豪
right away= right now= at once= immediately 立刻 as you know 正如你所知道的 be known as 作为……而知名
as is known to all 众所周知 be known for 因……而出名
as could be expected 正如可以预料到的 it is useless doing sth 干某事是无用的 happen= take place= come about= break out 偶发 有计划 偶发 战争等爆发
1. It is always calm before a storm.
2. Now, imagine there has been a big earthquake. 此句为There be 句型 3. Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide. 现在分词表伴随 4. It seemed that the world was at an end. 5. Water, food and electricity were hard to get.
句型:主语+ be + adj + to do 其中to do 用主动形式表示被动含义 6. All hope was not lost. all 与not 连用 表示部分否定
7. It’s never too late to learn. 活到老,学到老。 附:分词用法 之 作定语
falling leaves 正在落的叶子 boiling water 正在沸腾的水 fallen leaves 已经落在地上的叶子 boiled water 开水
lose heart 丧失勇气 worry about 担心(动作)
lose one’s heart to sb/sth 爱上,喜欢上 be worried about 担心(状态) in trouble 处于不幸中 be sentenced to 被判处
be out of work = lose one’s job 失业 be equal to 相等的,平等的
as a matter of fact = in fact = actually 事实上 beg for 乞讨 blow up 充气,爆炸
set up 建立,创立;设置,竖起 send up 发射,使上涨
set about 着手做某事 (set about doing sth)
go up 上升,增长;被兴建
set off 出发,动身
set up 设立,建立;设置,竖起
set out 陈列,摆出;开始(set out to do sth)
be active in = take an active part in 积极参与,在……活跃
keep sb from doing sth阻止某人做某事 stop sb (from) doing sth
die from 死于(外因) die for 为……而死
prevent sb (from) doing sth
die of 死于(内因 如:饥饿,寒冷,疾病等)
put sb in prison= throw sb into prison= send sb to prison 把……投入监狱
advise sb to do sth 建议某人做某事
advice 不可数 a piece of advice
advise doing sth
fight for 为争取……而斗争
advise sb on sth
fight against 为反对……而斗争
advise that (should)+ v原
fight with 同……并肩作战/ 同……斗争
have problems/ difficulty/ trouble with sth
work out 算出
have problems/ difficulty/ trouble (in) doing sth have a go= have a try
be willing to do sth 乐于做某事
realize one’s dream of 实现…… 的梦想
answer violence with violence 以暴制暴
break the law 违反法律
come to power 当权,上台
social activities 社会活动
equal (adj)------equally (adv)------equality (n) violence (n)------violent (adj) cruelty (n)------cruel (adj)------cruelly (adv) willing----unwilling 不愿意的 educated (adj)------education (n) active----inactive 不活跃的
1. Only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.
only 放在句首且后接状语时(作状语:副词;介词短语;状语从句),要使用部分倒装------才用一般疑问句语序。
Only yesterday did his father tell him the truth.
Only when his father came back did he go to bed. (从句无需倒装,主句要倒装)
2. He strongly believed in the three principles: nationalism; people’s rights; people’s livelihood.
他主张三民主义:民主、民权、民生。
3. I felt bad the first time I talked to the group.
the first time 用法相当于连词用法,用来引导从句
链接:It’s the first time that 现在完成时
It was the first time that 过去完成时
4. He taught us during the lunch breaks and the evenings when we should have been asleep.
should have done 本应做而未做
needn’t have done 本不应做而做了
can’t have done 过去不可能做过
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范文三:英语必修一重点句型
必修一
Unit 1 friendship
例1 as most people do
①我不愿像大多数人那样在日记里记流水账
I don’②我不愿像大多数人那样使用手机
I don’
例2I wounder if it’s because...that...
grow crazy about everything to do with
①我不知道是不是因为我长久无法出门,所以变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热 ’’②我不知道是不是因为我坚持每天说英语,所以变得对一切与英语学习有关的事物都无比狂热.
I’
例3 another time happen to at dusk
①还有一次,就在五个月前的一个夜晚,我碰巧在楼上,窗户是开着的. ②还有一次,就在两星期前的一个傍晚,我碰巧在街上遇见了他
例4 It/this is/was the first/second time...that sb have/has/had done. ①这是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚
It was the first time in a year and a half that I had seen the night face to face. ②这是我十五年来第一次住在学校里.
It is the first time in fifteen years that I have lived at school.
例5 It’s no pleasure doing sth any longer because...
①观看这些已经不再有乐趣了,因为大自然是你必须亲身体验的
experienced .
②观看这些图片已经不再有乐趣了,因为旅游是你必须亲身体验的.
be experienced.
例6 in order to a series of join in
为了丰富学生的课外生活,学校开展了一系列有趣的户外活动,鼓励学生们踊跃参加.
the after-school life of the students , the school held
例7 add up
好朋友不会计较他们为彼此做了些什么,相反,他们会在彼此需要帮助的时候伸出援手. Good friends don’
例8 until
I didn’=I stay upstairs until the .......
Unit 2 English around the world
例1 play an important part/role in
在学校管理中,校长起着重要的作用
例2 because of
他意识到他的话使玛丽哭了
例3 even if
即使你不成功,他们也会支持你 ’t succeed.
例4 come up
一个乞丐走过来向我们要钱.
例5 such as
他们从邻国大量进口水果,比如橘子、柠檬等
例6 in the 1860s
19世纪80年代,美国内战爆发了 ,the American Civil War broke out.
例7 be based on
众所周知,理论以实践为基础,反过来又为实践服务. 例8 make use of than ever before
所以到17世纪,莎士比亚所用的词汇量比以前任何时期都大
例9 the number of
今天在中国学习英语的人数正在快速增长
例10 as/the same as
例11 believe it or not 信不信由你
例12 command/order/suggest/require that sb should do sth.
例13 there is no such things/person as ...
例14 recognize sth/sb as sth/sb 把...认作...
Unit 3 Travel journal
例1 get/have sth done
我决定明天去修自行车
例2 It’s......that...
我就是在2000年大学毕业的
例3 insist that sb. should do sth. Ahead of schedule
他坚持让我们提前完成工作
例4 sb. be adj to do
王伟是一个很难被说服的人,所以王坤决定让步
例5 once... no matter how...
一旦设定目标,不管多难你都要努力完成
例6 although grow up
虽然他生在城市,但却是在农村长大的
例7 prefer doing A to doing B /prefer to do A rather than do B
查理更愿意坐火车而不是乘飞机旅行
例7 be about to----只能与when 引导的时间状语连用
例8 be dressed in
Unit 4 Earthquakes
例1 too adj to do sth shock
他吃惊得都说不出话来了 The explosion shook the house.
例2 现在分词做伴随状语 trap frighten
他们被困在矿井里,感觉很害怕
They were trapped in the mine,feeling frightened.
例3 It’s seemed as if... right away
他似乎立刻就静下心来了
例4 主语+be+adj+to do dig out
要挖出那些被困的旷工很难
例5 everywhere作连词,引导地点状语从句
无论他走到哪里,他的狗都跟着他
例6 部分否定
不是所有的人都对名利感兴趣
All people are not fond of fame and money.\Not all people are fond of fame and money.
例7express congratulations to sb on sth
我想对你在英语演讲比赛中获奖表示祝贺
I’d like to
例 8 be buried in
杰克如此专注于思考以至于他没有意识到闯了红灯 ’t realize he was running the red light.
Unit 5 Nelson Mandela------a modern hero
例1 devote oneself to
例2 against the law
It’
例3 out of work
例4 come to power
例5 beg for sth
例6 be sentenced to time
例7 escape doings sth
例8 lose heart
当我们身处困境,我们不能失去信心
When we are in trouble,we can’
例9 see
过去几个月里发生了许多起因酒驾引发的事故.
例10 only
只有通过努力拼搏才能实现自己的梦想
例11 as a reward for
我送给她一份礼物作为对她慷慨帮助的回报
例12 介词+which
每当我向老师请教问题时,老师总是舍得花时间指导我,对此我心存感激
Ever time I turn to the teacher , he is always generous with his time and offers me guidance on
范文四:英语必修三 重点句型
英语必修三 重点句型
1. That’s … 引导的表语从句结构:在该句型结构中, that’s… 后面可以用 why“ 那是为什么 ……” , how“ 那 是如何 ……” , because“ 那时因为 ……” , where“ 那是 …… 地方 ” , when“ 那时 …… 时候 ” , what“ 那是 …… 的 ” 。
2. 表示 “ 价值;花费 ” 的句型:(1) be worth +money, sth. +cost +money的意思相同,表示 “ 某样东西 什多少钱 ” ,而 sth. cost sb. +money表示 “ 某种东西花了某人多少钱 ” 的意思。
Eg. How much did it cost to build the bridge?
Such difficult job costs a lot of time and effot.
表示 “ 花费 ” 的句型还有:sb. +spend +money/time +on sth./(in) doing sth.; sb. +pay money +for sth.; It takes sb. some time to do sth.; pay money for sth.; buy sth. for money
(2) be worth doing表示 “…… 值得 ……” ,需要用主动形式表示被动意义。
Eg. This book is well worth reading.
3. 祈使句 +and/then/or/otherwise+陈述句结构:用 and, then表示递进关系, “ 那么 ” 的意思;
Eg. Work hard, and you’ll be successful in time.= If you work hard, you’ll…
用 or 或 otherwise 表示转折关系, “ 否则 ” 的意思。
Eg. Get ready or/ otherwise you won’t pass the test. = If you don’t get ready, you won’t… =Unless you get ready, you won’t …
该句型可以用 if 或 unless 引导的条件状语从句替换, 即 “ 条件句 +陈述句 ” , 这时后面的连词就不需要了。 4. to do作表语的句型结构:be to do结构可以用来表示安排、命令、职责、用途、命中注定要发生的 动作等。
Eg. You are to be back by 10 o’clock.
I am to inform you that the meeting will be held in Hangzhou.
They were never to meet again.
III. 疑难突破
1. go on doing, go on to do, go on with, continue
go on doing sth.指继续做同一件事。
go on to do sth.指接着做另外一件事。
go on with sth.指继续同一件事,此时 with 后能接名词、代词,不能跟 v.-ing 形式。
continue 继续同一件事, 也可以是另一件事。 该词有以下用法:a. continue +n; b. continue doing/to do; c. continue (to be) +adj.
Exercises:
(1). The rain _____ for three days.
(2). They _____ their game after lunch.
(3). He _____ writing/to write late into the night.
(4). The weather _____ (=remains) cold.
(5). After a short rest, they _____ working.
(6). After finishing the words, they _____ to go over the text.
(7). Einstein _____ his research.
2. take care, take care of
take care of“ 爱护;照顾 ” ,后跟名词或代词,不可单独使用。
Take care“ 小心;注意 ” ,后面可以跟动词不定式,也可以跟 that 从句。
注意:watch out和 look out也有 “ 当心;注意 ” 的意思,但用法不同。这两个短语可以单独使用,表示 警告,另外也可以构成 watch out for…/look out for… 表达 “ 注意,留意 ” 的意思。
Exercises:
(1). _____ that you don’t spoil your clothes.
(2). _____ not to drop it!
(3). She stayed at home to _____ the baby.
(4). ______ for a tall man in a black hat.
(5). ______! The train is coming!
2. 非限制性定语从句
3. 限制性定语从句
4. the road to destructiong
5. compare culture
6. in groups or with class, discuss these questions
7. are the traffic problems in your city better, worse or the same as those in Britain
8. are there a lot of advertisements for cards on TV in your city
9. what has the government done or what should it do to help with traffic problems 10. vocabulary matching of words
11. stage3
12.
(2) be worth doing表示 “…… 值得 ……” ,需要用主动形式表示被动意义。
Eg. This book is well worth reading.
3. 祈使句 +and/then/or/otherwise+陈述句结构:用 and, then表示递进关系, “ 那么 ” 的意思;
Eg. Work hard, and you’ll be successful in time.= If you work hard, you’ll…
用 or 或 otherwise 表示转折关系, “ 否则 ” 的意思。
Eg. Get ready or/ otherwise you won’t pass the test. = If you don’t get ready, you won’t… =Unless you get ready, you won’t …
该句型可以用 if 或 unless 引导的条件状语从句替换,即 “ 条件句 +陈述句 ” ,这时后面的连词就不需要了。 4. to do作表语的句型结构:be to do结构可以用来表示安排、命令、职责、用途、命中注定要发生的动作 等。
Eg. You are to be back by 10 o’clock.
I am to inform you that the meeting will be held in Hangzhou.
They were never to meet again.
III. 疑难突破
1. go on doing, go on to do, go on with, continue
go on doing sth.指继续做同一件事。
go on to do sth.指接着做另外一件事。
go on with sth.指继续同一件事,此时 with 后能接名词、代词,不能跟 v.-ing 形式。
continue 继续同一件事,也可以是另一件事。该词有以下用法:a. continue +n; b. continue doing/to do; c. continue (to be) +adj.
Exercises:
(1). The rain _____ for three days.
Eg. This book is well worth reading.
3. 祈使句 +and/then/or/otherwise+陈述句结构:用 and, then表示递进关系, “ 那么 ” 的意思;
Eg. Work hard, and you’ll be successful in time.= If you work hard, you’ll…
用 or 或 otherwise 表示转折关系, “ 否则 ” 的意思。
Eg. Get ready or/ otherwise you won’t pass the test. = If you don’t get ready, you won’t… =Unless you get ready, you won’t …
该句型可以用 if 或 unless 引导的条件状语从句替换,即 “ 条件句 +陈述句 ” ,这时后面的连词就不需要了。 4. to do作表语的句型结构:be to do结构可以用来表示安排、命令、职责、用途、命中注定要发生的动作 等。
Eg. You are to be back by 10 o’clock.
I am to inform you that the meeting will be held in Hangzhou.
They were never to meet again.
III. 疑难突破
1. go on doing, go on to do, go on with, continue
go on doing sth.指继续做同一件事。
go on to do sth.指接着做另外一件事。
go on with sth.指继续同一件事,此时 with 后能接名词、代词,不能跟 v.-ing 形式。
continue 继续同一件事,也可以是另一件事。该词有以下用法:a. continue +n; b. continue doing/to do; c. continue (to be) +adj.
listening song
Car museum
Bulletion museu
范文五:[宝典]高一英语外研版必修四1---6模块重点短语与句型总结
11. 即将淘汰; 即将过时 27. risk doingprobably have a robot (which is) shaped Book 4 Module 1
12. 装载 1. have no alternative/choice but to do28. Twenty years isn?t a long time.like a box with one large eye on the top...
13. 命令他做某事
2. alternative energy 29. Making predictions is a risky business.40. What will you be doing at eight tomorrow
14. 打开 / 关上 3. for sure evening?
15. 把…系到上 4. sth run out 30. In the future, care for the environment will 41. I?ll be studying in the university for the
16. 充足的; 大量的 (cf. sb run out of sth ,sb use up sth)become important asnext four years. earth?s natural
17. 管理一个城市 resources run out. 42. He loaded the truck with furniture..
18. 在范围内/ 限度内 5. rely on = depend on 31. To get rid of garbage problems, the city
19. 一出生 6. get rid of= remove =throw…awaywill load huge spaceships with waste The truck was loaded with furniture.
20. 贯彻; 执行 materials and send them towards the sun,
21. 残疾人 7. place orders for sth = place an order for43. We will run out of natural resources.
22. 在太空中 preventing landfill and environmental
23. 医疗 8. free of charge Natural resources will run out.
24. 环保 9. look out =be careful =take careproblems.
25. 在进行中 Natural resources will be used up.
26. 一个发电站 10. for a start =first of all =above all32. Everyone will be given a phone number at
27. 冒险做 … birth that will never change no matter 44. I got stuck in a traffic jam.
28. 20年并不很长 11. on the way out where they live.
29. 进行预测是一件冒险的事情12. load …with…, …be loaded with45. Look out for the car!
33. Distance surgery will become common as He looked out of the window.
30. 将来,随着地球自然资源濒临枯竭,爱护环境13. command him to do, doctors carry out operations from
会变得非常重要。 command (that) he (should) dothousands of miles away, with each city 46. He charged me five yuan for a cup of tea.
having its own telesurgery outpatient
31. 为了解决垃圾问题,城市将把废物装进巨大的14. switch on/off clinic.
宇宙飞船,把这些废物送往太阳,预防出现垃15. attach… to…
圾填埋问题和环境问题。 16. plenty of34. Senior citizens and people with disabilities
17. run a city will be able to go anywhere in the world, Book 4 Module 1
1. 别无选择只能做 18. within…limits (by) using high-tech camera (which is)
2. 可替代能源 32. 每个人在出生时都会领到一个电话号码,无论19. at birth attached to their head.
3. 确信 他们生活在什么地方,这个号码都不会改变。20. carry out 35. I?m too busy enjoying my life now to
4. 用光, 用完, 枯竭 21. people with disabilities = the disabledworry about the future.
36. I can definitely tell you what I?ll be doing
5. 依赖; 依靠 33. 医生在几千英里以外为病人动手术进行远程22. in space next week.
6. 除掉, 去掉; 摆脱 治疗将成为常事,因为每个城市都有自己的远23. medical treatment 37. Not all predictions will come true.
7. 订购某物 程诊所。 24. be environmentally friendly
8. 免费地 38. He is in charge of our school.=Our school
9. 当心; 小心 25. in progress / process is in the charge of him.
10. 首先 34. 通过系在头上的高科技照相机,行动不便的老26. a power station 39. By the year 2000, housewives will
年人和身体有残疾的人就能周游世界。past the Forbidden City and the White 44. Study hard, and you will make progress.
3. switch off, switch on Pagoda in Beihai Park.
4.If you study hard, you will make progress. keep cool
5. no way 33. You can get a good view of the rapidly 35. 我太忙于享受现在的生活无暇担心未来。6. have…in common changing city. Studying hard, you?ll make progress.
7. ask for a receipt 34. However, there is a also a night service,
8.(which is)provided by buses with numbers get around/about Study hard, or you?ll fail. 36. 我可以肯定地告诉你下个周我将做什么。9. get crowded in the 200s. 45. Let?s go, shall we? Let us go, will you?
10. have a (good) view of…
35. Minibuses with seats for 12 passengers 46. The bike is worth repairing.
37. 并不是所有的预言都会成为现实11.offer an alternative to get on expensive taxis and
12. in/during rush hours crowded public transport in some areas. Book 4 Module 2
38. 他掌管我们学校 13. be under construction
1. 和……相连 14. be marked in pinyin 36. Tricycles are worth using, if you want to 39. 到2000年,家庭主妇们将可能有一个形状像2. 立刻马上 15. be worth doing explore the narrow alleys of Beijing
是一个盒子的机器人,顶上有个大眼睛。3. 关上打开 16. get/be stuck in
4. 保持冷静 17. be in a good mood 37. Los Angeles, which was built with the
5. 没门 18. daily life motor in mind, and is famous for its 40. 明天晚上八点你将在做什么,6. 和……有共同之处 19. in queues/in a queue six-lane highways, is now the USA?s most
7. 要一个收据 20. do something about… congested city.
8. 四处走动 21. a list of… 38. The situation in central London, where 41. 接下来的四年我将在大学学习。9. 拥挤 22. be reduced by drivers spent fifty percent of their time in
10. 可以(很好地)看到…… 23. what?s morequeues, became so bad that the local
11. 上车 24. even though/even if government decided to do something
42. 他把卡车装满家具12. 在高峰时刻25. keep…out of… about it.
卡车装满了家具 13. 正在被建 26. carry out a survey 39. As the cars come into the centre, video 43. 我们会用光自然资源 14. 用拼音被标识 27. be worth doingcameras record their registration numbers,
自然资源会用光的 15. 值得做 28. Simply raise your hand, and a taxi appears and these are checked with a list of drivers
自然资源会用光的16. 被困在……. in no time. who have paid the charge for that day.
44. 我遇上了交通阻塞。 17. 情绪好 29. You should check the cab has a business
45. 当心汽车 18. 日常生活 permit, and make sure you ask for a 40. People who don?t pay the charge will face
他向窗外看。 19. 排队 receipt. a fine of & 80.
46. 这杯茶他收了我五元。 20. 采取措施 30. It is a good idea to avoid public transport 41. A survey carried out at the end of 2003
21. ……的名单 during the rush hour. suggests it does.
22. 被减少了…… 31. Buses (which are)numbered 1 to 100 are 42. What?s more, central London shops didn?t
lose business even though there are fewer cars.23. 此外 limited to travel within the city center.
24. 即便如此 Book 4 Module 2
25. 使……不进入…… 1. be connected to 32. Tourists shouldn?t miss the 103 bus which 43. Please call on me when it is convenient for
26. 进行一个调查 2. in no time/immediately/at once offers one of the most impressive routes, you to visit me.
12. up and down39. Indeed, body positions are just part of what we 27. 值得做
13. on earth call “body language”. 28. 只要你招招手,立刻就会有出租车出现。
14. give reasons for… 39. 当车进入市中心,录像机记录他们的登记号
15. think of… 40. We see examples of unconscious body language 码,这些号码再和已经支付当天费用的司机名
16. vary from culture to culturevery often, yet there is also “learned language”, 29. 你应该确保出租车有营业执照,并且索要发票 单进行核对。
which varies from culture to culture.
17. more than 40. 没有支付费用的人将面对80英镑的罚款。
18. develop a way to do 41. Like other animals, we are on guard until we
19. involve (doing) sth know it is safe to relax. 30. 在高峰时刻避免公共交通工具是一个好主意
be get involved in (doing) …41. 2003年底进行的调查表明的确如此。
42. So every culture has developed a formal way to
20. be busy with sth, be busy (in)doinggreet strangers, to show them we are not 31. 标号是1到100的公共汽车都是仅限于市中心
aggressive. 的。 42. 此外,即使车流量减少,伦敦中部的商店的买
21. help…(to)do sth, help…with sth 卖并没有亏损
43. Traditionally in China, when we greet someone, 32. 乘客们最不应错过的是103路车,他途经紫禁43. 当你方便的时候请过来拜访我
22. use…as…?…be used as.. we put the right hand over the left and bow 城和北海白塔,沿途风景令人深刻。
23. quite a common greeting slightly.
24. be fascinating for sb to do 44. 努力学习天天向上
25. be a mind reader ? read other?s mind44. One person holds up his hand, (with) palm
outwards and five fingers spread. 33. 你可以很好地看到迅速变化的城市。
26. do…in respect
27. at the end of 45. We don?t clap at the end of a television program 45. 我们走吧,怎么样
28. on...occasion or a book, however good they are. 34. 然而,还有编号200多号的夜班车服务46. 自行车值得修理
29. a live performance Book 4 Module 3
1. on guard 30. be in competition with…=compete with…46. We clap at the end of a live performance, such as
2. make a deal a play, or a concert, to say thank you to the
3. hold up 31. add…to…? add up to ... performers. 35. 在一些地区,这种12个座位的小型公共汽车
4. lift up 32. (in) another way 给人们在昂贵的出租车和拥挤的公共汽车之
5. give away 33. at a wedding, at a funeral 47. In classical Athens, applause meant judgement 外,提供了第三种选择。
6. do … by accident 34. Can I ask you a favor? =Could you do me a and taking part. 36. 如果你想探索老北京城的胡同,三轮人力车是
7. say hello to favor. 48. Plays were often in competition with each other, 非常值得坐的
say thank you to sb. 35. How are you doing? and prolonged clapping helped a play (to) win. 37. 初建时考虑到交通拥堵,现今以六车道的高速
say yes / no to … 36. What on earth can I talk about?公路而著称的洛杉矶,成为美国最拥挤的城
say goodbye to … 49. Applause was a sign of being part of the 市。
8. switch on / switch off 37. When in Rome, do as the Romans do.community, and of equality between actors and
9. in the distance audience. 38. 在伦敦中部,司机花费一半时间排队的情形变
10. introduce… to…?…be introduced to 38. Although they are important, we communicate 得如此糟糕以至于当地政府决定采取措施。
with more than just spoken and written words.50. Some occasions on which people clap change
11. shake hands with from one country to another.
3) 应付,对待 How shall we meet this
51. Although/though he is a child, he knows a lot. situation?26. 尊敬地做 …
Child though/as he is, he knows a lot.27. 在…末尾 47. 在古代雅典, 掌声意味着裁决和参与。4) 引申意义: vi 两者碰在一起, 汇合 vt
28. 在…情形下 和…相碰
Turn left where the high way meets the dirt 29. 一个现场直播的演出
road 30. 和…竞争 48. 戏剧互相竞争,延长的拍手帮助一部戏剧获
The house stands where the three roads 31. 把…加到…上 ? 加起来总计胜。 Book 4 Module 3
meet 1. 警惕 49. 掌声标志着是团体的一部分,以及演员和听众
Our car met another car on a narrow road.2. 做成买卖, 成交 32. 通过另一种方式 之间的平等。
3. 举起, 举着; 阻滞, 阻碍, 抑制33. 在婚礼上,在葬礼上
Her eyes meet him 34. 我能请你帮个忙吗 50. 人们拍手的场合国与国之间是不同的.
The river meet the ocean at new York 4. 举起, 拿起
5. 泄露(秘密),赠送,分发 35. 你最近怎样?
6. 偶然地做 36. 我到底能谈什么? 51. 虽然他是一个孩子,他知道许多。
7. 向…问好 37. 入乡随俗 4. surround vt. 包围, 围住围绕, 在…周围(常
向…表达谢意 38. 虽然他们是重要的,我们不仅仅是通过口头语用于被动) be surrounded with/by
赞同/ 拒绝… 和书面语进行交流的。
the river is surrounded by / with 向…说再见 39. 实际上,身体的姿势也是我们所说的肢体语言
trees . 8. 打开/ 关上 的一部分。 Book 4 Module 5 the police surrounded the house 9. 在远处 40. 我们经常看到无意识的身体语言的例子,然而
10. 把…介绍给…?…被介绍给…也有习得体态语。习得的体态语在不同的文化1. plain 1) n.平原. the plains of North China
Britain is surrounded by sea 中各不相同。
11. 和……握手 41. 跟动物一样,我们会保持警惕,直到知道安全 2) adj. 简单的,平淡的,清淡的
The village was surrounded on all 12. 上山下下, 来来回回 的时候才放松。
sides by mountains , 到底 在所有的文化中都有一种向陌生人打招呼的a ~fact 明白的事实 in ~ English13. 究竟42.
He was still in a corner , 14. 给出…的原因, 说出…的原因正规的方式,以表示他们并不具有侵犯倾向。用简易的英语 in ~ words 坦白的语言
surrounded by two boys .
We are surrounded by / with danger 15. 想出来, 考虑 ~ food 清淡的食物 in ~ clothes
16. 随着文化的不同而不同穿便装 43. 与人打招呼时,中国人的传统方式是右手放在
17. 不仅仅是, 超过 左手上,拱手,稍稍躬身而行礼。2. shore n. /c/ (海河湖)岸 the ~ of a lake in surrounding adj. 周围的,附近的 the
~scenery 18. 形成一种做…的方式 ~ 近岸 off the ~ 在离海岸线不远处
19. 包括做… n. 常用复数 ~s I ?d like to
on the ~bring up my child in healthy surroundings.涉及到…, 与…有牵连 44. 一个人举起手,手掌向外,五指张开。
20. 忙于做…
3. meet vt. The surroundings are 21. 帮助某人做…
pleasant 22. 把…用作…? …被用作… 45. 在看完电视节目或书时,不管他们有多好,我1) 遇见 I met him on shore by accident.
It?s important to work in a 23. 一个很常见的问候语 们都不鼓掌。
friendly surrounding 24. 对于某人来说做是有趣的 46. 现场直播节目,比如一场戏或音乐会结束时,2) 满足,符合要求 ~ one?s needs
5. open vt.vi 25. 读懂别人心思的人?读懂别人心思我们会鼓掌,以对表演者表示感谢。
book for your watch 1) 打开 ~ one?s mouth/a gate adv. = nearly 差点没 匙。
Our car went too fast and narrowly missed trade..in 做((的买卖 He made his money 5)It requites courage and patience to go
by trading in corn hitting the other one through the task.. 2) 开始,开业 ~ a business
They trade in 10.have …left we have two more left 完成这项任务需要勇气和耐心。
fruit and vegetables 3) 道路的开通,使-----通行 ~a road
through a forest The Indians we have three apples left 13. set vi (日)落, (太阳)下山 sunset n. 日落
4) The ceremony opened with music.traded furs and skins with white merchants.sunrise n. 日出
there is nothing left in the box The farmers in the countryside go to the fields at
Adj. It?s quite strange that the man sleeps with sunrise and come back home at sunset 8. sound
his mouth closed and his eyes open.n. 声音 Light travels fast than sound.11.heavy 沉重的 2) 厉害的,严重的
The sun rises in the east and sets in the west
Have 4 weeks off for the spring festival The box is too heavy Link-v 听起来-----
The air is too heavy with us ~ +n/adj/短语 set out to do sth . 开始做某事
The plan sounds a good one.Off 不工作, 休息(假)
She is always off on Saturday and Sunday Sorrow lies heavy on their hearts After a long discussion, they set out to carry out
That sounds interesting. the plan She wants to have a day off That sounds like a helicopter.I caught a heavy cold . set about doing sth 着手做某事
He is a heavy smoker
The manager gets the staff a day off Her voice sounds as if she had a cold.heavy rain / punishment /traffic She set about clearing up after the party
Have Monday off 14.join adj. 健康的 用于成语be heavy with 有大量
He came back safe and sound.6. in August 1996 的(((, ((((很厉害 vt. 连接;
The trees in the garden are heavy with fruits join two buildings with a bridgeon a beautiful afternoon on June 4, 2004
注:类似的 look feel taste smell 院子里的树结满了果实
This place of interest is heavy with his 7. trade 参加组织
join the army n. 贸易,买卖 9. narrow historical culture 这一名胜充满了历史文化
He is in the furniture ~. 他从事家具业adj. 狭窄的 加入某人
The road is too ~ for cars to pass. join sb.(in sth.) 12.go through 穿过;经历;仔细检查;被通过;
Would you like to join us in a tennis match? vi. 做买卖 完成
To trade is to buy and sell things 勉强的 have a ~ escape 幸免遇难 a narrow eg. 1) ~ the valley
escape 险些没逃出 2)The poor girl has gone through such a vi. 参加,加入(参加活动)
I refuse to trade with company again lot since her parents died. vt/vi (使)变窄 眯上眼睛 缩小
join in the discussion 那可怜的小女孩自从父母过世后历
join in the games He narrowed his eyes. 他眯起眼睛经了许多苦难。 He trades in tea.他经营茶叶
3)Their plans went through. 他们的计划15。say/read ??上面写着
They trade with many international companies. In the bright sunlight she had to narrow her eyes 得到了批准。 ??的内容是
He put up a notice saying, “Keep out”.4)She went through her pockets and
eventually found her keys. Vt. 交换,经营 The river ~s just before it bends. 这条河在拐弯
The massage says/reads “Sorry to miss you, will trade. …from 拿(((换(( I will trade my 处变窄 她仔细检查了口袋,终于找到了钥
call later.” The doctor forbids him to smoke.情况紧急,
Saying:说法, 俗话 8. get a kick out of 从??中得到乐趣非这样做不可。
There is a famous saying that he who does not reach 医生禁止他吸烟。 require sth. of sb. 对某人有...的要求
the great wall isn?t a true man. 3)ban 语气较重, 指权威机关“正式禁止”, 含 kick n. (俚语 刺激,乐趣)
We did all that was Driving a car at high speed gives her a kick 俗话说,不到长城非好汉. “严厉谴责”之意,只能用事物作其宾语, 如:Ban
As the saying goes, Rome is not built in a day.atomic and nuclear weapons! 禁止原子武器和核武required of us. 我们做了要求我们所做的一切。
He did it for kicks 器!
He got a kick out of driving fast 俗话说罗马不是一日建成的. 4) prohibit指“通过法律或政府法令禁止”, 如:4. how about = what about doing sth. ??怎么
16.Take advantage of 利用(某人的处境,弱点等), 样,(提供建议或征求意见)
The soldiers were prohibited from leaving camp after What about swimming in the river?利用机会 v. 踢 kick …out of 把…踢出…., 解雇….
I can?t take advantage of your good nature dark.
How about the two of us __________ a walk 天黑后士兵不准离开营房。 9.at the mouth (嘴口, 出口, 瓶口) at the
He often takes advantage of his lack of business down the garden?(NET 1993) mouth of the river 2. be against 违反,反对
knowledge A. to take B. take C. taking D. to be 10.all the way Are you for or against the plan?
I took advantage of the moment to leave the room taking
It’s against his will to study medicine 5. book 1) n. 书, 书籍 2) vt. 登记, 预订
I took advantage of the fine weather to play tennis
It’s against the school rules to leave school I will book a hotel room for you. 我会为
without permission 你预定旅馆房间。 Listening & cultural corner 3. require vt. 需要, 要求, 命令 You'll have to book up early. 你要早一
点订座。
require sth. Most plants require 1. forbid vt. 禁止, 不许 妨碍 阻止 6. around adv. 1)环绕 His car circled
(forbad/forbade forbidden) sunlight. 大部分植物需要阳光around. 他的车在兜圈子。
forbid sb. to do sth, I forbid you to go.
require sb. to do sth I require two children to Swimming. 我不许你去游泳。2)在周围;四周 They look around
but Mary is already gone. help me. 我需要两个孩子来帮我的忙。
forbid doing sth. forbid smoking 他们往四周看
All passengers are on trains 火车上禁止吸烟. 看,但玛丽已经不在了。 BOOK 4 Module 6
Forbid sth. Forbid sb. the required to show their tickets. prep. 1)在?的周围 There was a
fence around the yard. 1. high adj. house 不准某人进屋 所有乘客都必须出示
adv. Parking forbidden! 禁止停车 !车票。 在院子的四周围有一
require doing/to be done The desk needs /to Yeti is a monster that lives high up in the 圈篱笆。
Himalayas. Cameras are forbidden! 禁止拍照!be repaired/repairing. 桌子需要修了。2)环绕 They walked around the town.
hold one?s head / hand / the flag high 他们在城里四处走动。
区别:forbid ban prohibit (主动表被动,用3)大约,左右 around 20 people 大约20人
法同want, need) come around four 大约在4点钟来 highly adv. 高度地
require that sb. (should) do sth. The think highly of / speak highly of / 1)都含“禁止”的意思。
emergency requires that it should be done.praise … highly 2)forbid系常用词, 指“命令某人不做某事”, 如:7. rip off敲诈, 敲竹杠 They ripped us off at that
hotel. 那家旅馆敲了我们竹杠2. attack n.进攻 ;发作
Things got better instead of worse. a sharp needle / knife a sharp pain Vt.详述,详细说明
This book details all the scenery spots in this area.make an attack on / upon 对发起攻击
We went there by boat instead of by bus . He made a sharp turn to get away from the man
following him. a surprise attack 突然袭击 ,奇袭Adj. detailed 详细的,细致的
He is old but his mind is still sharp. a ~description/instructions in place of-----in sb / sth?s place 代替(介词短
vt. 进攻 语,同instead of ) 11.adapt vt./vi.使适应,使适合
We attacked the enemy by night.Mr. Wang gave us the lesson in place of our The meeting will start at seven o?clock sharp. ~ to/oneself to
teacher during his absence. We have to ~ quickly to the new system.
He was attacked by the newspapers.take the place of-----take sb / sth ?s place 代替8. against prep. 反对;逆;撞击 ;倚,靠;防
It took him a while to ~himself to the new (动词短语,作谓语) 备;在…的映衬下
Mr. Wang took the place of our teacher to give Those who are against the plan put up your surroundings. 3. close adj. adv. 近的
They are close in relation. Their close us lessons during his absence.hands. 12.evolve vt./vi 进化,演化;发展,形成
relation caused some misunderstanding.They moved on with difficulty because they
were sailing against the wind. ~ +n./from/into 6. stick vi. vt. 刺入,插入 ;粘 ;陷入,卡住
He sat close to the window. ( stuck ,stuck ) Each school must ~ its own way of working.
It was raining heavily. Little Mary felt cold, so He stuck the fork into the meat.Rain beats against the window.
she stood close to her mother. The idea ~d from a drawing.
The car came to a stop because a nail stuck in its He hit his head against the door in the dark. The company has ~d into an advanced
tire . international one. closely adv. 密切地
They watched him closely to see what he was up His letter was returned because he forgot to stick He put the ladder against the wall. evolution n.发展,进化
to there. a stamp on it. the theory of ~
The bus (got) stuck in the traffic jam. The Young people should be taught to save money 13.too much 4. spirit 精神 ;精神实质 ;灵魂 ;精灵,妖精 ;
key stuck in the lock. against old age. much too 情绪( pl. )
The spirit of our times is creativeness.The tall building looks more beautiful against stick out 伸出 ;为坚持到底 too much+n./u/ /作名词词组/作副词词组
the blue sky.
You can?t expect to grasp the spirit of English He stuck out his head / tongue.eg. Too much snow can cause trouble.9. claim 要求享受权利,认领 ;宣称
simply by remembering some new words.
The flowers stick out from inside the fence.Every citizen may claim the protection of the law. You have given me too much..
He turned up like a spirit.
He was in high / low spirits. He has got so fat that his stomach has stuck out.Did anyone claim the umbrella? You have said too much.
much too+adj./adv. 5. instead of 代替(介词短语接名词、代词、动
They were determined to stick out for higher pay.Eg. It was much too late to catch a bus, so he called a 名词、形容词、副词、介词短语等)10.detail n..细节,详情/u/
Let?s discuss the ~ of the plan.taxi.
sb do A instead of doing B ---- instead of doing The problem is too difficult for me to work out.stick to 坚持
B , sb. do A---- sb not do B , instead , sb do AWe should stick to our belief / the truth. Tell me the main points now; leave the details till
later. 14.die out 灭绝 Mr. Wang gave us the lesson instead of our 7. sharp adj. 尖的,锋利的 ;剧烈的 ;敏锐的 in detail 详细地 die away 逐渐消失
teacher during his absence. Let?s discuss the problem in detail next period.eg. This kind of plant died out centuries ago.
adv.(某时刻)整
The old traditions are dying out.Eg: The arrows indicate the way to go.
15.overnight adv.一夜之间;整夜地 表明, 说明
The black clouds indicate that it will rain soon.
eg. The rain turned ~to snow.
Don?t expect it to improve ~. 表示说
They indicated that they were very tired.
We stayed in Beijing ~.
16.quite : adv 完全地, 彻底地 19: character: 人物,角色
性格,品质 ;
It?s quite another thing.
She has a strong character 真正地,真实地,
She is quite a beauty. (汉)字,字体,书写符号 a Chinese character
很,相当地
20: due to : 由于
He speaks English quite well . eg: His lateness was due to the heavy traffic jam. It is quite a long time. Accidents due to driving at high speed were very
common. quite a few (quite 放在冠词前)
21; fortune n. [u] 运气 have good fortune
17. very: adv. 很,非常. a very cold day
a fortune 财富,财产
常用于adj最高级, 以及same ,own,
next ,first ,last等词之前,加强语 make a fortune 发财
气,( 最大程度地,完全地,真正地)
22:arrange vt. 整理,分类 arrange the books on
eg : This is the very lowest price .the desk.
安排 arrange a dinner to celebrate his birthday .
adj 真正地,真的.
,
eg: she is Mr. Wang?s very daughter
和the ,this ,that, my, your ,his 等词连
用,以加强语气( 那个,就是那个,恰好的)
eg: This is the very pen he used when he was writing the book.
18: indicate : vt. 表示,指示,标志,
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