范文一:2012湖北英语高考卷及答案
2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(湖北卷)
英语
本试题卷共16页,81理。全卷满分150分。考试用时120分钟。
?祝考试顺利?
注意事项:
1. 答卷前,考生务必将白己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上.并将准考证号
条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。用统一提供的2B铅笔将答题卡上试卷类型A
后的方框涂黑。
2. 选择题的作答:每小题选出答案后,用统一提供的2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的
答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮檫干净后,再选涂其它答案标号。答在试题卷、
草稿纸上无效。
3. 完成句子和短文写作班的作答:用统一提供的签字笔将答案直接答在答题卡上对应
的答题区域内。答在试题卷、草稿纸上无效。
4. 考生必须保持答改卡的整洁。考试结束后,请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。
第一部分:听力(共两节,满分30分)
做题时,先将答案划在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的
答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题:每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A, B, C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例:How much is the shirt?
A. ,19.15. B. , 9.15. C.,9.18.
答案: B
1.What is the problem for the man?
A.He has to meet many people.
B.He has to leave his friends.
C.He has to travel a lot.
2. How does the man think of the book?
A. Humorous.
B. Scientific.
C. Popular.
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3. What's the matter with the woman?
A. She has caught a bad cold.
B. She stayed online too long.
C. She is allergic to paint smell.
4. What does the man suggest the woman do?
A. Consult a repair shop.
B. Purchase another car
C. Fix the car herself.
5. In which year is the man in college now?
A. The first year.
B. The second year.
C. The third year.
第二节(共15小短:每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟:听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料,回答第6. 7题.
6.What has the woman ordered for herself?
A. Milk.
B. Juicc.
C. Coll'cc.
7. Why does the man recommend strawberry juice?
A. It's sweeter.
B. It's fresher.
C. It's colder.
听第7段材料,回答第8、 9题.
8. Why is Jane upset?
A. David fell in love with her. B. Kevin made up stories about her. C. She made a mistake in calculation. 9. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Teacher and student.
B. Father and daughter.
C. Employer and employee.
听第8段材料,回答第10至12题.
10: How far away is Hill Farm? A. Nearly a mile.
B. Just one mile.
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C. More than a mile.
11. Which is the route to Hill Farm?
A. Left track -. bridge -. road.
B. Road -. left trek -. bridge.
C. Bridge -. road -. left track.
12. What would the man like the woman to do towards the end of the conversation?
A. Give him a ride.
B. Repeat what she said.
C. Walk him to I fill Farm.
听第9段材料,回答第13至16题.
13. What is the woman doing?
A. Hosting a TV show.
B. Giving a lecture on poetry.
C. Conducting a radio debate.
14. flow did the man's mother contribute to his success in poetry?
A. She sent him to poetry classes.
B. She taught him to write business plans. C. She asked him to read from early childhood. 15. What does the man find most difficult in writing? A. Choosing the right words.
B. Describing real experiences.
C. Getting an appropriate opportunity. 16. What does the man say about his own writing? A. Creative.
B. Successful.
C. Encouraging.
听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。
17. Flow do students enter the library A. With a library account.
B. With a student card.
C. With a password.
18. What is the maximum number of books current students can borrow?
A. 12
B. 11.
C. 9
19. What kind of books have to be returned within one week?
A. Books borrowed by local residents. Books liked by a lot of people.
Books published recently.
20. What will the speaker do next?
A. Tell the students where to get bottled water. B. Take the students on a campus tour. C. Show the students around the Iibmry. 第二部分:词汇知识运用(共两节,满分30分)
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第一节:多项选择(共10小题;每小题I分,满分10分)
从A. B. C. D四个选项中,选出可以峨入空白处的址tt选项.并在答题
卡上将该项涂黑。
例:To make members of a team perform better, the trainer first of
all has to know their and weaknesses.
A. strengths B. benefits
C. techniques D. values
答案:A
21. Two lawyers have donated $50,000 to our school's campaign “Help the
Nccdy”,which was started by our former headmaster three years ago.
A. sponsor B launch C. urbanize D. plan
22. Finally, my thanks go to my tutor, who has offcrcd a lot of suggcstions and comments on
my paper and every page of my draft.
A. approved B. quoted C. polished D. folded
23. Walking alone in the dark, the boy whistled to his courage
A. hold up B keep up C ste up D take up
24. I'm so glad you've come here to this matter in person.
A. lead to B.See to C. turn to D. refer to
25. The furniture, with its modem style and bright colors, suits modem houses and their
gardens, but looks in the garden of a traditional home.
A. out of question B. out of order C. out of sight D. out of place
26. "Perhaps we need to send for Dr. Smith to sec what we can do about it," Father
suggested_ to his neighbor who had come to discuss the problem.
A. tentatively B. thoughtlessly C. definitely D. rudely
27. Can you tell the difference between the words "require" and "request"? I
sometimes get puzzled by their meanings.
A. dramatic B. regional C. apparent D. subtle
28. Whether the buildings in this area should be pulled down has remained
people are still looking for other possible solutions
A. unchallenged B relevant C. controversial D. contradictory
29. It is important to have your eyes examined regularly to check for any sign of eye disease
that may not have any
A. symptom B.similarity C. sample D. shadow
30 The officer insisted that Michael did not follow the correct in applying for a
visa.
A. pattern B. procedure C. program D. perspective 第二节:完形填空(共20小题;每小题1分,满分20分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后所给各题的四个选项(A. B, C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最
佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
I tend to accept any idea put forward by experts on TV. One day, a sociologist proposed
that the 31 society has been consuming modem humans little by little. For fear 高考学习网—www.gkxx.com
that I would become a victim of the consumer society.l 32 hurried to a bicycle shop in
my neighborhood. 33 the shopkeeper Mr-'Johnson was Sclling me the bicycle, he said,
"This is the best thing you 34 have done. Life ha become hopelessly 35 _. A
bicycle is simple, and it brings to you things fresh air, sunshinc and cxcrcisc."Happy as
a child, I got on the bicycle an headed out onto the streets. After some time, I 37_ at
the other end of the town.I was 38 that this simple vehicle could let me 39
long distances in a fairl short time. But how 40 did I really go? Since I hated to
be 41 , I went back to Mr. Johnson and asked him to 42 an odometer (里程表)
on my bicycle. He agreed, but 43 . "An odometer without aspeedometer (速度计)
44 without a knife." I admitted he was right and in a few minutes, the is like a
two devices (装置) were 45 to the handlebars of my bicycle. "What about a
home" he then asked. "Look, this hom is no Iarger than a matchbox and has many
46 ." Attracted by these functions, I bought the hom.
"You can't leave the back part 47 ," noted Mr. Johnson. He fixed a metal box with buttons 48 the seat, and said, "Is there anything better than this oven when you fee 49 on your way? I can give you a special discount." I was not strong enough to 50 the offer.
"I congratulate you once more; this is the best thing you could have done," said Mr. Johnson in the end.
31 .A. adult B. human C. consumcr D.bachclor
31 .A. adult B. human C. consumcr D.bachclor
33. A.Although B.Because C. As D. Unless
34. A. would B. should C. must D. could
35. A. boring B. complicated C. stressful D. tough
36.A(natural B。mysterious C. complex D. unique
37.A.gave up B.broke down C. calmed down D. ended up
38.A.amazed B. amused C. confused D. concerned
40. A. far B. long C.fast D. deep
41. A. unreliable B. impractical C. unprepared D. Inaccurate 42. A. fix B. Check C. repair D. lay
43. A. swore B. added C. replied D. concluded
44. A. pencil B. fork C. box D. cake
45.A.distributed B. converted C. applicd D. attached 46. A. shapes B. sizes C . functions D. models
47. A. loose B. blank C. Bare D. incomplctc
48. A. beside B. before C. below D. behind
49. A. sick B. hungry C. hot D. thirsty
50. A. consider B. withdraw C. make D. resist
第三部分:阅读理解(共20小题;每小题2分,满分40分)
阅读下列短文。从每劝短文后所给各题的四个选项(A、B. C和D)中,选出最佳选项,
并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
You've just come home, after living abroad away, has this country changed for the better-or
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for a few years. Since you've been for the worse?
If you've just arrived back inthe UK after a fortnights holiday, small changes have probably surprised you-anything from a Iocal grcengrocer suddenly being replaced by a mobile-phone shop to someone in your street moving house.
So how have things changed to people coming back to Britain after seven, ten or even 15 year:' living abroad ? What changes in society can they see that the rest of us have hardly noticed ----or now take for granted ? To find out, we asked some people who recently returned. Dcbi: When we Ic几Cheltenham, my home town, was a town of white ,middle-class families-all very conservative(保守的).The town is now home to many eastern Europeans and lots of Australians, who come here mainly to work in hotel and tourism. There are even severai snops only for foreigners.
Having been an inunigrant (移民) myself, I admire people who go overseas to
find a job. Maybe if I lived in an inner city where unemployment was high, I'd think differently, but I believe foreign settlers have improved this country because they're more open-minded and often work harder than the natives.
Christine: As we flew home over Britain, both of us remarked how green everything looked. But the differences between the place we'd left behind and the one we returned to were brought sharply into focus as soon as we landed.
To see policemen with guns in the airport for the first time was frightening-in Cyprus, they're very relaxed-and I got pulled over by customs officers just for taking a woolen sweater with some metal-made buttons out of my case in the arrivals hall. Everyone seemed to be on guard. Even the airport car-hire firm wanted a credit card rather than cash because they said their vehicles had been used by bank robbers.
But anyway, this is still a green, beautiful country. I just wish more people would appreciate w,that they've got.
试卷类型:A
51. After a short overseas holiday, people tend to
A. notice small changes
B. expect small changes
C. welcome small changes
D. exaggerate small changes
52. flow dots Debi look at the foreign settlers?
A. Cautiously.
B. Positively.
C. Sceptically.
D. Critically.
53. When arriving at the airport in Britain, Christine was shocked by
A. the laced policemen
B. The messy arrivals hall
C. the tight security
D. the bank robbers
54. Which might be the best title for the passage?
A. Life in Britain.
B. Back in Britain.
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C. Britain in Future.
D. Britain in Memory.
B
When my brother and I were young, my mom would take us on Transportation Days.
It goes like this: You can't take any means of transportation more than once. We would start from home, walking two blocks to the rail station. We'd take the train into
the city center, then a bus, switching to the tram, then maybe a taxi. We always
considered taking a horse carriage in the historic district, but we didn't like the way the horses were treated, so we never did. At the end of the day, we took the subway to our closest station, where Mom's friend was waiting to give us a ride home-our first
car ride of the day.
The good thing about Transportation Days is not only that Mom taught us how to get around. She was born to be multimodal (多方式的). She understood that
depending on cars only was a failure of imagination and, above all, a failure of
confidence-the product of a childhood not spent exploring subway tunnels.
Once you Ieam the route map and step with certainty over the gap between the train and the platform, nothing is frightening any more. New cities are just light-rail lines to be explored. And your personal car, if you have one, becomes just one more tool in the toolbox-and often an inadequate one. limiting both your nobility and your wallet.
On Transportation Days, we might stop for lunch on Chc.rnw Surd or buy a new book or toy. but the transportation was the point. First , it was exciting enough to watch the world speed by from the train window. As I got older, my mom helped me unlock the mysteries that would otherwise have paralyzed my first attempts to do it myself. How do I know where to get off? How do I know bow much it costs? How do I know when I need tickets, and where to get them? What track. what line. Which direction, where's the stop, and will I get wet when we go under the river?
I'm writing this right now on an airplane .a mean, we didn't try on our Transportation Days and .we now know, the dirtiest and most polluting of them all. My flight touted me through Philadelphia .My multimoda1 mom met me for dinner in The airport. She took a train m meet me.
55. Which was forbidden by Mm on Transportation Days?
A. Having a car ride.
B. Taking the train twice.
C. Buying more d m ate toy.
D. Touring the historic district.
56. According to the writs. what was the greatest benefit of bet Transportation bays?
A. Building confidence in herself.
B. Reducing bee use of private am.
C. Developing her sense of direction.
D. Giving her knowledge about vehicles.
57. The underlined word 'paralyzed ‘ (in Pares 5) is closes in morning to“ ”
A. displayed
B. justified
C. ignored
D. ruined
58. Which means of transportation does the writer probably disapprove of?
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A. Airplane.
B. Subway.
C. Tram.
D. Car.
C
It was a simple letter asking for a place to study at Scotland's oldest university which helped start a revolution in higher education. A 140-ycar-old letter written by a lady calling for her to be allowed to study medicine at St Andrews University has been discovered by researchers. Written by Sophia Jex-Blake in 1873, the seven-page document, which urged the university to allow women to study medicine at the institution, was released yesterday on International Women's Day.
The document was buried in the university archives(档案)by part-time history student Lis
Smith, who is completing her PhD at St Andrews Institute of Scottish I listorical Research. She said: "We knew that Sophia Jex-Blake and her supporters, in their effort to open up university medical education for women, had written t0 the Senatus Academicus(校评议委员会) at St Andrews in
an attempt to gain permission to attend classes there, but we didn't know documentary evidence existed. While searching the archives for information certificate for women, I was astonished to come across Jex-Blake wrote." about the university's higher what must be the very letter Jex-Blake.”
In the letter. Sophia and her supporters offered to hire teachers or build suitable buildings for a medical school and to arrange for lectures' 7o be delivered in the subjects not already covered at St Andrews. Although her letter was not successful, it eventually led to the establishment of the Ladies Literate in Arts at St Andrews, a distance-learning degree for women. The qualification, which ran from 1877 until the 1930s, gave women access to university education in the days before they were admitted as students. It was so popular that it survived long after women were admitted as full students to St Andrews in 1892.
Ms Jcx-Blake went on to help establish the London School of Medicine for Women in 1874. She was accepted by the University of Berne, where she was awarded a medical degree in January 1877. Eventually, she moved back to Edinburgh and opened her own practice. 59. Sophia wrote a letter to St Andrews University because she wanted
A. to carry out a research project there
B. to set up a medical institute there
C. to study medicine there
D. to deliver lectures there
60. Lis Smith found Sophia's letter to St Andrcws University
A. by pure chance
B. in the school office
C. with her supporters' help
D. while reading history books
61. Sophia's letter resulted in the establishment of
A. the London School of Medicine for Women
B. a degree programme for women
C. a system of medical education
D. the University of l3eme
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62. When did $t andrews Univesity begin to take full-time women students?
A.In 1873
B. In 1874.
C. In 1877.
D. In 1892.
D
How is it that siblings(兄弟姐妹) can turn out so diffcrcntly? One answer is that in fact each
sibling grows up in a different family. The firstborn is, for a while, an only child, and therefore has a completely different experience of the parents than those born later. The next child is, for a while, the youngest, until the situation is changed by a new arrival. The mother and father themselves arc changing and growing up too. One sibling might live in a stable and close family in the first few years; another might be raised in a family crisis, with a disappointed mother or an angry father.
Sibling competition was identified as an important shaping force as early as in 1918. But more recently, researchers have found many ways in which brothers and sisters are a lasting force in each others' lives. Dr. Annette Henderson says firstborn children pick up vocabulary more quickly than their siblings. The reason for this might be that the later children aren't getting the same one-on-one time with parents.But that doesn't mean that the younger children have problems with language development. Later-boors don't enjoy that much talking time with parents, but instead they harvest lessons from bigger brothers and sisters, learning entire phrases and getting an understanding of social concepts such as the difference between "I" and "me”.
A Cambridge University study of 140 children found that siblings created a rich world of play that helped them grow socially. Love-hate relationships were common among the children. Even those siblings who fought the most had just as much positive communication as the other sibling pairs.
One way children seek more attention from parents is by making themselves different from their siblings, particularly if they are close in age. Researchers have found that the first two children in a family are typically more different from each other than the second and third. Girls with brothers show their differences to a maximum degree by being more feminine than girls
with sisters. A 2003 research paper studied adolescents from 185 families over two years, finding that those who changed to make themselves different from their siblings were successful in increasing the amount of warmth they gained from their parents.
63. The underlined part "in a different family" (in Para. 1) means“______________”。
A. in a different family environment
B. in a different family tradition
C(in different family crises
D(in different families
64. In terms of language development, Iater-borns __________.
A. get their parents' individual guidance
B. learn a lot from their eider siblings
C. experience a lot of difficulties
D. pick up words more quickly
65. What was found about fights among siblings?
A. Siblings hated fighting and loved playing.
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B. Siblings in some families fought frequently.
C. Sibling fights led to bad sibling relationships.
D. Siblings learned to get on together from tights.
66. The word “feminine" (in Para. 4) means“_____________”.
A. having qualities of parents
B. having qualities of women
C. having defensive qualities
D. having extraordinary qualities
E
Brriiinnng. The alarm clock announces the start of another busy weekday in the morning. You jump out of bed, rush into the shower, into your clothes and out the door with hardly a moment一。think. A stressful journey to work gets your blood pressure climbing. Once at the office, you glance through the newspaper with depressing stories or reports of disasters. In that sort of mood, who can get down to work, particularly some creative, original problem-solving work?
The way most of us spend our mornings is exactly opposite to the conditions that promote flexible, open-minded thinking. Imaginative ideas arc most likely to come to us when we're unfocused. If you arc one of those evening when your are relaxed. Sleepy people's lack of focus leads to an increase in creative problem solving. By not giving yourself time to tune into your wandering mind, you're missing out on the surprising solutions it may offer.
The trip you take to work doesn't help, either. The stress slows down the speed with which signals travel between neurons(神经细胞),making inspirations less likely to occur. And while we
all should read a lot about what' s going on in the world, it would not make you feel good for sure, so put that news website or newspaper aside until after the day's work is done.
So what would our mornings look like if we wanted to start them with a full capacity for creative problem solving? We'd set the alarm a few minutes early and lie awake in bed, following our thoughts where they lead. We'd stand a little longer under the wart water of the shower, stopping thinking about tasks in favor of a few more minutes of relaxation. We'd take some deep breaths on our way to work, instead of complaining about heavy traffic. And once in the office一
一we'd click on links not to the news of the day but to the funniest videos the web has to offer. 67. According to the author. we arc more creative when we are____________________.
A. focused
R. relaxed
C. awake
D. busy
68. What does the author imply about newspapers?
A. They are solution providers.
B. They are a source of inspiration.
C. They are normally full of bad news.
D. They are more educational than websites.
69. By "tune into your wandering mind" (in Para. 2), the author means” ”
A. wander into the wild
B. listen to a beautiful tune
C. switch to the traffic channel
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D. stop concentrating on anything
70. Thee author writes the last paragraph in order to A(offer practical suggestions
B. summarize past experiences
C. advocate diverse ways of life
D. establish a routine for the future
第四部分:书面表达(共两节,满分50分)
第一节:完成句子(共10小题:每小题2分,满分20分)
阅读下列各小题,根据汉语提示,用句末括号内的英语单词完成句子,并
将答案写在答题卡上的相应题号后。
例: was that the young player performed extremely well in the table tennis
tournament. (delight)
令球迷欣喜的是那位年轻的球员在乒乓球锦标赛中表现得极为出色。
答案:What delighted the fans/made the fans delighted
71. With , some animals are facing the danger of dying out. (cut)
由于越来越多的森林被砍伐,一些动物正面临着灭绝的危险.
72. Popularly American films ever made, The Godfather is a milestone of
cinema. (regard)
《教父》被普遍认为是美19有史以来址好的影片之一,是电形界的一个里程碑。
73. 1 don't know in the novel that made him burst into tsars. (what)
我不知道是小说中的什么东西使他突然泪如泉涌。
74. Little what she looks like; all she cares about is her job performance.
(care)
她不在乎外表,她在乎的是自己的工作表现。
75. Had we not used an out-of-date train schedule, we the train. (miss)
要不是用了一张过期的列车时刻表,我们就不会误了火车。
76. However could not read his handwriting. (try)
不论我怎样努力,还是没法石清他写的字。
77. In response to the audience's great demand, the play in the theatre
twice a week . (put)
应观众的强烈要求,这部戏将会在这个剧院每周上演两次。
78. The soldier was absent from his camp for three days without (ask)
这个士兵没有请假就离开营地三天。
79. Our understanding of education, work and society is of the carlier
generation. (different)
我们对教育、工作和社会的认识和我们上一代的不同。
80. Things aren't always (appear)
事情往往不是它们看上去的那样。
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第二节: 短文写作(共I题;满分30分)
请根据以下提示,并结合小例,用英语写一篇短文。
You cannot choose what you arc given, but you can choose how you make use of it.
注意:?无须写标题,不得照抄英语提示语;
?除诗歌外,文体不限;
?文中不得透露个人姓名和学校名称;
?词数为120左右。
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试卷类型:A
绝密?启用前
2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(湖北卷)
英语试题答案
第一部分:听力(每小肠1.5分.满分30分)
1.B 2.A 3.C 4.13 S.C 6.C 7. B 8. B 9.A 10. C 11. B 12.A 13. A 14. C 15.A 16.C 17. B 18.A 19. B 20. C 第二部分:词汇知识运用
第一节:多项选择(每小题1分.满分I0分)
21.A 22.C 23.B 24.B 25.D 26.A 27.D 28.C 29.A 30. B 第二节:完形琪空(每小题1分.满分20分)
31:C 32.B 33,C 34.D 35.B 36.A 37.D 38.A 39.C 40.A 41.D 42 A 43.B 44.B 45: D 46.C 47.C 48. D 49. B 50. D 第三部分:阅读理解(每小题2分.满分40分)
A篇:51.A 52.B 53.C 54.B B篇:55.B 56. A 57. D 58. A
C篇:59. C 60.A 61. B 62. D D篇:63. A 64.B 65. D 66. B
E篇:67. B 68. C 69. D 70.A
第四部分:书面表达
第一节:完成句子(每小双2分.满分20分)
71. more and more forests/trees (being) cut down
72. regarded as one of the best
73. what it was
74. does she care (about)
75. would not have missed
76. hard/much I (had) tried
77. will/would be put on
78. asking for leave (first)
79. different from/than that
80. what they appear (to be)
第二节:短文写作(满分30分)
One Possible Version
Three years ago I failed an important exam in my life and became a student in an ordinary
school. Disappointed as I felt at the shabby campus and the poorly-equipped classroom, I found
the teachers patient and considerate. Besides ,I enjoyed the friendly atmosphere in class. I
decided
to make the best of it. I worked hard and got along well with my teachers and classmates.
Whenever I had difficulties, they were always available. Soon, I became one of the top students
in
my class, which greatly increased my confidence and got me motivated.
My experience tells me that it is not what you are given but how you make use of it that
高考学习网—www.gkxx.com
determines who you are.
本卷答案请参见:http://edu.qq.com/a/20120608/000642.htm#p=1
高考学习网—www.gkxx.com
范文二:2010年山东高考卷英语作文学生习作
假设你是新华中学的学生李华。春节将至,你想邀请你在上海上学的中国朋友 Tom 来你 家做客,感受中国文化 . 请根据以下要点用英语给他写一封邀请信。
要点:1感谢 Tom 对你英语学习的帮助。
2代表全家向 Tom 发出邀请。
3 Tom来到之后的活动安排。
注意:词数 120---150
范文:
Dear Tom,
How are you getting on with your study in Shanghai? In this letter, first of all, I’ d like convey my heartfelt appreciation to you for your kind help in my English study for the past year.
I do hope you haven’ t had any plan for the coming winter holiday, as all my family wish you could spend it with us. The Spring Festival, falling on 3 Feb this year, is the most important festivals for our Chinese. I will be more than delighted to have you join us to celebrate it. On the eve of the Spring Festival, you can make Jiaozi together with my family, and at the same watch the Spring Festival Gala. I will go with you to have a try in lion dance, which is extremely exciting. And the wonderful Lantern Festival parade will be bound to impress you. I’ m sure that you would enjoy staying with us.
With my best regards!
Yours, Li Hua 同学习作:
1
I have been missing you all the time since we last saw each other. What’ s more, it is the help you give me in my English study that I remember deeply. With the Spring Festival drawing near, I’ d like to invite you to spend it with me together.
As you know, the Spring Festival is the most wonderful festival in China. Therefore, all of my family members are looking forward to your coming. In addition, there is no doubt that my mother has decided to treat you to dumplings, which is considered as the most delicious food in Chinese culture. Furthermore, I will take you out to enjoy the atmosphere of the festival, visiting the places of interest. I firmly believe that this trip will leave a profound impression on you.
At last, please write to me soon! I am extremely eager for your arrival.
2
How is everything going? I am writing to make an invitation.
In the past few years, you ’ ve helped me a lot in my English study, which I appreciate very much. Here comes the Chinese New Year, one of the most important festivals for us Chinese. I am wondering if you can come to my home and spend this special day with us together. My family do hope you can make it.
If you can come, we will prepare a variety of amusements for you to enjoy. We can have a great dinner, eat dumplings and watch TV together to welcome the Chinese New Year. I will also show you around the city to take part in some wonderful activities during the Spring Festival. I’ m looking forward to your reply.
3
I am writing to you to express my appreciation for all you ’ ve done in helping me with my
English study. It is communication with you that broadens my horizon.
With the Spring Festival around the corner, I’d like to invite you to my house and experience the traditional Chinese culture on behalf of my family. After all, only after you spend the holiday with a Chinese family can you know more about the customs in China.
If you are willing to come, chances are that you’ ll be surprised by the various activities. You can ’ t miss the Jiaozi eaten on New Year’ s Eve and we are able to make it by ourselves. What’s more, experiencing the atmosphere of staying with the whole family, which plays an important part in traditional Chinese culture, will be unforgettable.
With best wishes.
1. 春节将至:The Spring Festival is coming / approaching / drawing near /around the corner / on the way.
With the Spring Festival drawing near / approaching / on the way / around the corner, I ---
2. 春节联欢晚会:the CCTV Spring Festival Gala
3. 代表某人 --- On behalf of my parents, I ---
4. 感激某人的帮助 appreciate your help in my English study
I’ d appreciate it that you help me a lot with my English study.
I’ m grateful for you help in my English study.
5. 参观名胜 visit places of interest
6. 贴春联 paste up / put up couplets
7. 衷心的感谢 sincere / hearty / heartfelt appreciation / thanks /gratefulness for ---
其他有关春节的一些表达:
Setting off firecrackers (爆竹 ) is the happiest part of the Spring Festival for most Chinese kids. When the New Year bell sounds, fireworks and crackers begin to explode here and there, which usually lasts for hours. Then a special meal of jiaozi starts and the whole family stay up for the night, chatting and playing games.
During the next few days, quite a lot of people visit Chinese temple fairs, which are quite like carnivals in the West. Some families go to places of interest for a visit throughout the country. From the beginning of Laba Festival people clean their houses and put up paper-cuts and couplets (对联 ) in windows.
*Shousui (守岁 ): It occurs on the Chinese New Year’ s Eve when members of the family gather around after the reunion dinner. They talk about the year that has passed while welcoming in the new year.
*Red envelope. For many young people, Chinese new year is just as much about yasuiqian – money in red envelopes traditionally given to children. On the Chinese mainland, kids get red envelopes at home from their parents and relatives.
A common custom is to stick the character fu on the door.\
Introducing Spring Festival
Spring festival is to the Chinese, like Christmas is to Europeans and Americans, their most important festival.
Spring Festival is a festival when the family gathers together. Children living away from home will travel great distances to be at their parents' side. The night before the festival starts, called New Year's Eve or Reunion Night, the family will sit around together making dumplings (jiaozi). The way to make these jiaozi is first to roll out the noodle mixture. The character
means
Spring Festival, or Chinese new year, is China's most important traditional festival. Legend has it that the Spring Festival was started because of the struggle against a mythical beast called nian, which came to attack people on the last day of the lunar year. Then people discovered that nian was afraid of loud noises and the color red.
They came to believe that setting off firecrackers could drive the demon (恶魔 ) and bad luck away for the coming year.
There are a number of activities, such as a dragon dance and a lion dance, and caigaoqiao (walking on stilts), that are performed to celebrate the festival.
Spring festival also means reunions, and no matter how far away people are from home, they will try their best to get back for a reunion feast. Among the lavish (丰富的 ) dishes, fish is a must, but it's not eaten completely.
This is related to the Chinese phrase “ May there be surpluses every year” (年年有余 ), where “ fish ” in Chinese sounds the same as the word for “ surplus ” .
与春节有关的作文
今年春节 Carol 来到她的中国朋友家一起度过了中国的传统节日春节。假设你是 Carol , 给你远在大洋彼岸的父母写一封 e-mail , 介绍你在中国是如何度过春节的。 字数:(约 100-120字左右 ) 提示词:eat dumplings, set off fireworks, have a big family dinner.
审题 想一想:根据本次命题,在写作中应该突出的重点是什么?
A. 春节的来历,传说。
B .中国人是如何欢度春节的。
C. Carol在中国欢度春节的经历。
重点应该讲述 Carol 的经历。
列出要写的重要事件:eat dumplings; set off fireworks, say
注意:要紧扣主题,挑一两件典型的,能够突出春节主题的事情写。
学生习作
Dear Mother and Father,
It's a great pleasure to tell you about my experience during the trip in China. And I was lucky enough to be invited by a Chinese friend to celebrate Spring Festival together.
Spring Festival is one of the most important traditional festivals in China. Members of my friend's family come together for Spring Festival no matter where they live. Together we all ate a big, delicious dinner of dumplings and other great Chinese dishes. After dinner, we set off fireworks, which my friend said was to help drive away evil spirits.
It was a wonderful treat to experience this part of Chinese culture firsthand. It was an experience I will never forget.
I believe you would also like it if you come here to spend Spring Festival with me.
Yours, Carol
范文三:2011天津高考卷英语作文答案
2011年天津卷
第二节:书面表达(满分25分)
61. 假设你是晨光中学学生会主席李华。你校将于6月26日接待来自于美国某
中学的学生访问团。你受学校委托,负责安排在津的一日活动。请根据以下提
示,用英语给该团的领队Smith 先生写一封电子邮件,介绍活动计划并简要
说明理由,最后征求对方意见。
? 上午与我校学生座谈(话题如校园生活、文化差异等);
? 中午与我校学生共同进餐(午餐包括饺子、面条等);
? 下午与我校学生游览海河。
注意:
1. 词数不少于100;
2. 可适当加入细节,以使内容充实、行文连贯;
3. 信的开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
参考词汇:海河 the Haihe River
Dear Mr Smith,
I am Li Hua, chairman of the Student Union, from Chenguang High School.
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely
Li Hua
2011天津高考卷英语作文答案
书面表达(满分25分)
61. 假设你是李津,你的美国朋友Chris 就读于天津某国际学校。他熟悉中国文化,特别是戏曲文化。8月5日下午2:00在新落成的天津大剧院将上演越剧《梁山伯与祝英台》。请你根据以下提示,用英语给Chris 写一封电子邮件,邀请他一起观看演出。
*提出邀请并简述原因;
*提出观剧后活动建议(如参观附近的博物馆或美术馆等)
*请求对方回复
注意:
1. 请使用规范英语,词数不少于100;
2. 可适当加入细节,以使内容充实、行文连贯;
3. 开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
参考词汇:
越剧:Shaoxing Opera 《梁山伯与祝英台》 Butterfly Lovers 天津大剧院Tianjin Grand Theater
Dear Chris,
I have good news to tell you._______________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Jin
范文四:2011湖北高考卷
一、(15分,每小题3分)
1.下列各组词语中加点的字,读音全都相同的一组是
A.棘手 际遇 极乐鸟 集腋成裘
B.嗜好 侍奉 试金石 适逢其会
C.钦慕 倾情 青云志 轻车熟路
D.溺爱 丽质 逆时针 匿迹销声
2.下列各组词语中,没有错别字的一组是
A.平添 骁勇 秣马厉兵路遥知马力
B.描摹 肖像 白璧微瑕信誊值千金
C.披览 缕析 远见灼识细嚼出滋味
D.迁徙 熏淘 不翼而飞海阔凭鱼跃
3.依次填入下列横线处的词语,最恰当的一组是
她 盲人和正常人一样也能做很多事情,这正是她只身来到拉萨旅游的原因。她喜欢这座 在历史和信仰中的圣城, 看不见,她也能感受到这里绵延的雪山、清冽的空气、闪耀着金光的寺庙和那些 向大昭寺缓缓前行的信徒。
A.相信 沉醉 既然 顶礼膜拜
B.自信 沉溺 即使 诚心诚意
C.坚信 沉浸 尽管 三步一叩
D.确信 沉迷 虽然 毕恭毕敬
4.下列各项中,没有语病的一项是
A.新世纪以来,国内出版业遭受了以互联网技术、移动技术、数字化阅读技术为代表的信息技术,呈现出复杂多变的博弈局面,传媒结构发生了微妙变化。
B.汉绣注重构图,讲究纹饰,花鸟虫鱼、龙虎凤凰、飞禽走兽,皆可绣以为纹,写实与抽象融为一体,形成了独特的风格。
C.三年来,地震灾区人民创造了抗震救灾史上的空前奇迹,奏响了惊天动地、气势磅礴的时代壮歌,铸就了自强拼搏、敢于胜利的历史丰碑。
D.信息数字化对个人生活发生了十分直接的影响,如果名字里用了一个计算机字库里没有的字,那么报名、取钱、贷款、登机??都难以办成。
5.下列各项中,标点符号的使用不符合规范的一项是
A.这是一句禅语啊!幸福指数全在自己掌握,如果我们对自己说一句“已经很好了啊” (这是应该经常说的),那么我们生活的枝头也会挂满幸福的露珠儿了吧。
B.某夜,独坐窗前,翻看读书笔记,无意中看到几句话:“素食则气不浊,独窗则神不浊,默坐则心不浊,读书则口不浊”。细细玩味,顿觉神清气爽。
C.一粥一饭是清淡,健康、温暖、妥帖;一瓢一箪是清淡,随意、自在、安心。奢华也罢,绚丽也罢??生命终究归于平淡。
D.如果你茶饭不思,沉湎于“魔兽世界”不能自拔,如果你忽视现实社会,游走于网络虚拟社区,那么,你——可能“病”了!
二、(12分,每小题3分)
阅读下面的文章,完成6—9题。
中国建筑的“文法”
梁思成
一个民族的建筑有它自己的构造规则或组合方式,如同语言的“文法”。中国建筑就具有特殊的“文法”。
我们的祖先在选择了木料之后逐渐了解了木料的特长,创始了骨架结构初步方法——中国系
统的“梁架”。这以后他们发现了木料性能上的弱点。当水平的梁枋将重量转移到垂直的立柱时,在交接的地方会产生极强的剪力,那里梁就容易折断。于是他们用许多斗形木块的“斗”和臂形短木的“拱”,将上面的梁枋托住,使它们的重量一层一层递减集中到柱头上来。梁柱间过渡部分的结构减少了剪力,消除了梁折断的危机。这是一种“文法”,而斗、拱、梁、枋、椽、檩、楹柱、棂窗等,就是主要的“语汇”了。
斗和拱组合而成的组合物,近代叫做“斗拱”。至迟在春秋时代,斗拱已很普遍地应用。它不仅可以承托梁枋,而且可以承托出檐,增加檐向外挑出的宽度。《孟子》里就有“榱题数尺”之句,意思说檐头出去之远。这种结构同时也成为梁间檐下极美的装饰。可能在唐以前,斗拱本身各部已有标准的比例尺度,但要到宋代,我们才确实知道斗拱结构各种标准的规定。全座建筑物中无数构成材料的比例尺度都以一个拱的宽度作度量单位,以它的倍数或分数来计算。宋时把每一构材的做法,把天然材料修整加工到什么程度的曲线,榫卯如何衔接等都规格化了,形成了类似“文法”的规矩。
中国建筑的“文法”还包括关于砖石、墙壁、门窗、油饰、屋瓦等方面,称做“石作做法”“小木作做法”“彩画作做法”和“瓦作做法”等。
屋顶属于“瓦作做法”。它是中国建筑中最显著、最重要、庄严无比、美丽无比的一部分。瓦坡的曲面,翼状翘起的檐角,檐前部的“飞椽”和承托出檐的斗拱,给予中国建筑以特殊风格和无可比拟的杰出姿态,这都是内中木构使然,因为坡的曲面和檐的曲线,都是由于结构中的“举架法”的逐渐垒进升高而成。盖顶的瓦,每一种都有它的任务,有一些是结构上必需的部分,略加处理便同时成为优美的瓦饰,如瓦脊、脊吻、重脊、脊兽等。
油饰本是为保护木材而用的。在这方面中国工匠充分地表现出创造性。他们使用各种颜色在梁枋上作妍丽繁复的彩绘,但主要的却用属于青绿系统的“冷色”而以金为点缀,所谓“青绿点金”。柱和门窗则只用纯色的朱红或黑色的漆料。这样,建筑物直接受光面同檐下阴影中彩绘斑斓的梁枋斗拱,更多了反衬的作用,加强了檐下的艺术效果。
至于建筑物之间的组合,即对于空间的处理,我们的祖先更是表现了无比的智慧。院落组织是中国建筑在平面上的特征。无论是住宅、官署、寺院、宫廷、商店、作坊,都是由若干主要建筑物,如殿堂、厅舍,加以附属建筑物,如厢耳、廊庑、院门、围墙等周绕联络而成一院,或若干相连的院落。这种庭院,事实上是将一部分户外空间组织到建筑范围以内。这样便适应了居住者对于阳光、空气、花木的自然要求,供给生活上更多方面的使用,增加了建筑的活泼和功能。数千年来,无论贫富,在村镇或城市的房屋没有不是组成院落的。一样,在一个城市部署方面,我们祖国的空间处理同欧洲系统的不同,主要也是在这种庭院的应用上。
6.下列对斗拱作用的表述,不符合原文意思的一项是
A.整座建筑物无数构成材料的比例尺度,是根据它们相对于拱的宽度,按倍数或分数计算出来的。
B.用斗拱承托梁枋,是为了减缓梁枋直接压在木柱上所产生的剪力,以消除梁折断的危机。
C.斗拱既有实用价值又有审美价值,既可以用来承托梁枋和出檐,也可以用来装饰美化建筑物。
D.檐下彩绘的梁枋斗拱,在阳光的直接照射下,色彩显得更加绚丽,艺术效果格外强烈。
7.下列涉及中国建筑“文法”的表述,不符合原文意思的一项是
A.中国建筑屋顶的辉煌,表面上出自瓦脊、脊吻、重脊和脊兽等的奇妙组合,实际上全都源自建筑物内部的木构。
B.盖顶的瓦,有一些具有双重功能,既能在结构上发挥作用,也能成为美化屋顶的饰物,如瓦脊、脊吻、重脊、脊兽等。
C.梁枋上妍丽繁复的彩绘,使用了各种颜色,主要的用属于青绿系统的“冷色”,并以金为
点缀,这就是“青绿点金”。
D.如果说“彩画作做法”是中国建筑特有的一种“文法”,那么木柱和门窗上朱红或黑色的漆料,就应该是它的“语汇”。
8.下列对文章最后一段内容的理解和推断,准确的一项是
A.在中国,无论官署寺院还是住宅作坊,都是由若干主、辅建筑物按一定的布局规则组合而成的一个庭院。
B.把阳光、花木等引入到建筑范围内,打通内外,让居住者尽享无限空间带来的生趣,并使建筑更加活泼和适用。
C.数千年来,遍及中国的构型各异的建筑,从富丽堂皇的宫廷到简陋朴素的民居,无一不是同一结构的院落。
D.院落组织有主有次,主次分明,错落有致,显示了古代中国人在空间处理上非凡的想象力和创造性。
9.本文阐述了中国建筑的多种“文法”,请列举其中的三种。
三、(9分,每小题3分)
阅读下面的文言文,完成10—12题。
谏成帝营陵寝疏
[西汉]刘向
臣闻贤圣之君,博观终始,穷极事情,而是非分明。孝文皇帝居霸陵,顾谓群臣曰:“嗟乎!以北山石为椁,岂可动哉!”张释之进曰:“使其中有可欲,虽锢①南山犹有隙;使其中无可欲,虽无石椁,又何戚焉?”夫死者无终极,而国家有废兴,故释之之言,为无穷计也。孝文寤焉,遂薄葬,不起山坟。
《易》曰:“古之葬者,厚衣之以薪,藏之中野,不封不树,后世圣人易之以棺椁。”棺椁之作,自黄帝始。黄帝葬于桥山,尧葬济阴,丘陇皆小,葬具甚微。文、武、周公葬于毕,秦穆公葬于雍橐泉宫祈年馆下,皆无丘陇之处。此圣帝明王、贤君智士远览独虑无穷之计也。逮至吴王阖闾,违礼厚葬。十有余年,越人发之。秦始皇帝葬于骊山之阿,下锢三泉,上崇山坟,其高五十余丈,周回五里有余,水银为江海,黄金为凫雁。天下苦其役而反之,骊山之作未成,而周章百万之师至其下矣。项籍燔其宫室营宇,往者咸见发掘。其后牧儿亡羊,羊入其凿,牧者持火照求羊,失火烧其藏椁。自古至今,葬未有盛如始皇者也,数年之间,外被项籍之灾,内离牧竖之祸,岂不哀哉!是故德弥厚者葬弥薄,知愈深者葬愈微。无德寡知,其葬愈厚,丘陇弥高,宫庙甚丽,发掘必速。由是观之,明暗之效,葬之吉凶,昭然可见矣。
陛下即位,躬亲节俭,始营初陵,其制约小,天下莫不称贤明。及徙昌陵,增埤为高,积土为山,发民坟墓,积以万数,营起邑居,期日迫卒,功费大万百余。死者恨于下,生者愁于上,怨气感动阴阳,因之以饥馑,物故流离以十万数,臣甚愍焉。陛下慈仁笃美甚厚,聪明疏达盖世,宜弘汉家之德,崇刘氏之美,光昭五帝三王,而顾与暴秦乱君竞为奢侈,比方丘陇,违贤知之心,亡万世之安,臣窃为陛下羞之。孝文皇帝去坟薄葬,以俭安神,可以为则;秦始皇增山厚藏,以侈生害,足以为戒。初陵之模,宜从公卿大臣之议,以息众庶。 (选自《汉书?楚元王传》,有删改)
【注】①锢:用金属溶液填塞空隙。
10.对下列语句中加点词语的解释,不正确的一项是
A.外被项籍之灾,内离牧竖之祸离:遭受
B.期日迫卒,功费大万百余迫卒:急促
C.物故流离以十万数 物故:死亡
D.而顾与暴秦乱君竞为奢侈顾:回头
11.下列各组语句中,分别写薄葬和厚葬的一组是
棺椁之作,自黄帝始 丘陇皆小,葬具甚微
下锢三泉,上崇山坟 水银为江海,黄金为凫雁
以北山石为椁 始营初陵,其制约小
积土为山,发民坟墓 葬之吉凶,昭然可见矣
12.下列对原文相关内容的分析和概括,不正确的一项是
A.张释之向汉文帝进言:假如有的王陵被人觊觎,即使陵寝修建得十分坚实,终会被人盗挖开。文帝明白了这个道理,最终薄葬。
B.吴王阖闾违背礼制,实行厚葬;秦始皇大建陵墓,山坟高耸,陪葬丰厚。但没过多长时间,他们的陵墓或被人挖掘,或遭人破坏,可悲可叹。
C.文、武、周公、秦穆公,为长久计,实行薄葬,他们都是道德高尚的智者;那些奢靡厚葬的人,实际上都是无德寡知者。
D.王侯丧葬之事,关乎人心向背、天下安危,俭则吉,奢则凶。因此,作者在文末劝说成帝弘扬古帝先人的美德,简俭薄葬,不要效法暴秦乱君。
四、(24分)
13.请把第三大题文言文阅读材料中画线的语句翻译成现代汉语。(10分)
(1)古之葬者,厚衣之以薪,藏之中野,不封不树,后世圣人易之以棺椁。(4分)
(2)其后牧儿亡羊,羊入其凿,牧者持火照求羊,失火烧其藏椁。(3分)
(3)孝文皇帝去坟薄葬,以俭安神,可以为则。(3分)
14.阅读下面两首宋诗,完成后面的题目。(8分)
登城 望湖楼晚景
刘敞 苏轼
雨映寒空半有无, 横风吹雨入楼斜,
重楼闲上倚城隅。 壮观应须好句夸。
浅深山色高低树, 雨过潮平江海碧,
一片江南水墨图。 电光时掣紫金蛇。
(1)两诗均写江南雨景,但景色有异,《登城》写的是,《望湖楼晚景》写的是疾风骤雨。(2分)
(2)两诗第三句都描写相对静止的画面,请分别说说它们在原诗结构中的作用。(2分)
(3)以上两首诗,刘诗优美,苏诗壮美,请结合诗句赏析。(4分)
15.填空。(6分)
(1)中国现代小说的开山之作是鲁迅的《 》。
(2)日本作家 曾因《雪国》《古都》等作品获诺贝尔文学奖。
(3)《过秦论》中“① ,吞二周而亡诸侯”,气势恢宏;《屈原列传》中“其称文小而其指极大,② ”,评断公允;《滕王阁序》中“潦水尽而寒潭清,③”,意境澄静;《琵琶行》中“醉不成欢惨将别,④ ”,情景交融。
五、(18分)
阅读下面的文章,完成16—19题。
才子赵树理
汪曾祺
①赵树理是个高个子,长脸,眉眼也细长。看人看事,常常微笑。
他是个农村才子。②有时赶集,他一个人能唱一台戏。口念锣鼓,拉过门,走身段,夹白带做还误不了唱。他是长治人,唱的当然是上党梆子。严文井说赵树理五音不全,其实赵树理的音准是好的,恐怕倒是严文井有点五音不全,听不准。他爱“起霸”①,也是揸②手舞脚,
看过北京的武生起霸,再看赵树理的,觉得有点像螳螂。他能弹三弦,不常弹。他会刻图章,我没有见过。他的字写得很好,是我见过的作家里字最好的。字是欧字底子,结体稍长,字如其人。
他的稿子非常干净,极少涂改。他写稿大概不起草。我曾见过他的底稿,只是一些人物名姓,东一个西一个,姓名之间牵出一些细线,这便是原稿了,考虑成熟,一气呵成。赵树理衣着不讲究,但对写稿有洁癖。他痛恨人把他文章中的“你”字改成“妳”字(有一个时期有些人爱写“妳”字,这是一种时髦),说:“当面说话,第二人称,为什么要分性别?——‘妳’也不读‘你’!”他在一篇稿子的页边批了一行字:“排版、校对同志请注意,文中所有‘你’字,一律不准改为‘妳’,否则要负法律责任。”
赵树理是《说说唱唱》副主编,实际上是执行主编。他是负责发稿的。有时没有好稿,稿发不出,他就从编辑部抱一堆被审掉的稿子回屋里去看,不好,就丢在一边,弄得一地都是废稿。有时忽然发现一篇好稿,就欣喜若狂。他说这种编辑方法是“绝处逢生”。陈登科的《活人塘》就是这样发现的。有次实在没有好稿,康濯就说:“老赵,你自己来一篇吧!”赵树理关上门,写出了一篇名著《登记》(即《罗汉钱》)。
赵树理吃食很随便,随便看到路边的一个小饭摊,坐下来就吃。后来是胡乔木同志跟他说:“你这么乱吃,不安全,也不卫生。”他才有点选择。他爱喝酒。每天晚上要到霞公府间壁一条胡同的馄饨摊上,来二三两酒,一碟猪头肉,吃两个芝麻烧饼,喝一碗馄饨。他和老舍感情很好。每年老舍要在家里请市文联的干部两次客。一次是菊花开的时候,赏菊。一次是腊月二十三,老舍的生日。赵树理必到,喝酒,划拳。老赵划拳与众不同,两只手出拳,左右开弓,一会儿用左手,一会儿用右手。老舍摸不清老赵的拳路,常常败北。
赵树理很有幽默感。赵树理的幽默和老舍的幽默不同。老舍的幽默是市民式的幽默,赵树理的幽默是农民式的幽默。他爱给他的小说里的人起外号:翻得高、糊涂涂??他写的散文中有一个国民党小军官爱训话,训话中爱用“所以”,而把“所以”联读成为“水”,于是农民听起来很奇怪:他干嘛老说“水”呀?他写的“催租吏”为了“显派”,戴了一副红玻璃的眼镜,眼镜度数不对,深一脚浅一脚地在农村的土路上走。他抨击时事,也往往以幽默的语言出之。有一个时期,很多作品对农村情况多粉饰夸张,他回乡住了一阵,回来做报告,说农村的情况不像许多作品描写得那样好,农民还很苦,城乡差别还很大,说,我这块表,在农村可以买五头毛驴,这是块“五驴表”!他因此受到批评。
【注】①起霸:戏曲表演程式之一,即武将上阵前所做的整盔、束甲等一套舞蹈动作。②揸:把手指伸张开。
16.下列对赵树理才气的表述,不符合原文意思的一项是(3分)
A.赵树理喜爱民间戏曲,唱念做打样样都会,一个人能演活一台戏。
B.赵树理的字写得好,是欧体字的底子,结体也很有个性。
C.赵树理写东西从不起草,考虑成熟,一气呵成,稿子非常干净。
D.赵树理文学眼光独到,有时能使被弃置的好稿起死回生。
17.本文语言很有特色,请结合文中画线的①②两处分别加以赏析。(4分)
18.本文细节描写十分精彩,请举两例加以评析。(6分)
19.请概括本文最后一段的主要内容,并谈谈该段在塑造赵树理形象上的作用。(5分)
六、(12分)
20.从今年5月1日起,我国在室内公共场所实行全面禁烟。请你为校园内的“禁烟提示牌”编写一条温馨提示语。要求:①符合场景;②语言表达简明、生动、得体;③不超过20字。(4分)
21.分析下图,得出结论,并合理推断其原因。要求:①语言表达准确、简明;②结论和原因均不超过25字。(4分)
(1)结论: 。(2分)
(2)原因: 。(2分)
22.某中学文学社举办“感动心灵——我最崇敬的课文人物”评选活动,请从入选的蔺相如和刘和珍中任选一位,为其写一则颁奖词。要求:①请先将所选人物姓名写在答题卡上,然后写颁奖词;②符合人物特征;③语言表达生动、连贯、得体;④至少运用一种修辞手法。(4分)
七、(60分)
23. 请以“旧书”为题写一篇作文。要求:①请先将作文题写在答题卡上,然后作文;②立意自定;③文体自选;④字数不少于800字。(60分)
范文五:湖北语文高考卷
2012年普通高考学校招生全国统一考试(湖北卷)
语文基础知识(共15分,共5小题,每小题3分)
1.下列各组词语中加点的字,读音全都相同的一组是
A.灵秀 磷光 玲珑剔透 聆听教诲
B.诞生 旦角 淡泊明志 担当重任
C.宿营 诉说 夙兴夜寐 素昧平生
D.咨询 滋生 芝兰之室 孜孜不倦
2.下列各组词语中,没有错别字的一组是
A.羞涩 袅娜 歌声缈茫 荷塘薄雾
B.霜天 廖廓 峥嵘岁月 浪遏飞舟
C.细腻 箫索 落蕊残叶 秋蝉嘶叫
D.嫩黄 葱茏 婆娑起舞 繁茂苍翠
3.依次填入下列横线处的词语,最恰当的是
说到底,世上风景闲流水,端的还是咬人慢下来。中国这如诗的城市中,最是江城得了个中,且将它 地挥洒出来。这 江城街头巷尾,湖畔公园里数不胜数的茶馆,茶铺,一个人在清晨的不慌不忙的起来,
到茶馆里,一坐就是一天,那叫一个悠闲!
A.趣味 痛痛快快 当是 溜
B.滋味 淋漓尽致 便是 走
C.意味 兴致勃勃 自是 逛
D.韵味 尽情尽兴 恰是 晃
4.下列各项中,没有语病的是
A.坐上画舫游清江,如行画卷之中,江水清澈,绿树蓊郁,自然与人,相遇相依,随风生长,好一派如诗如画的风光。
B.游览三峡大瀑布时,我们从倾泻而下的水帘中狂奔而过,尖叫声,嬉笑中响声一片,真是充满刺激的难忘体验。
C.当今已经很少有人回想以前那样闲情逸致,拿出一本小说,从头到尾阅读一遍,欣赏其委婉动人的故事。
D.现代文明不仅带来了理性化、工业化、市场化、都市化、民主化和法制化这些美好的社会制度,而却创造了前所未有的物质财富。
5.下列有关文学常识的表述,有错误的一项是
A.《孔乙己》描写了科举考试失意者的命运。作者对孔乙己的穷困潦倒和因窃书而被赶出鲁镇的悲惨遭遇,寄予了同情。
B.已知杀父娶母的实情却迟迟不采取复仇行动,这一情节构成《哈姆莱特》中著名的“延宕”,体现了主人公复杂、矛盾的心理。
C.宋词至苏轼,让人耳目一新,苏轼拓宽了词的题材,提升了词的格调,丰富了词的表现手法,开创了具有革新意义的豪放词派。
D.意识流小说以心理时间作为叙述的主要时序,代表作品有《墙上的斑点》、《追忆逝水年华》等。斯特林堡的《半张纸》也有一点意识流的味道。
二、现代文(论述类文本)阅读(共9分,共3小题,每小题3分)
阅读下面的文章,完成6-8题。
中国哲学家表达自己思想的方式
冯友兰
人们开始读中国哲学著作时,第一个印象也许是,这些言论和文章都很简短,没有联系。打开《论语》,你会看到每章只有廖廖数语,而且上下章几乎没有任何联系。打开《老子》,你会看到全书只约有五千宇,不长于杂志上的一篇文章;可是从中却能见到老子哲学的全体。习惯于精密推理和详细论证的学生,要了解这些中国哲学到底在说?什么,简直感到茫然。他会倾向于认为,这些思想本身就是没有内部联系吧。如果当真如此,那还有什么中国哲学。因为没有联系的思想是不值得名为哲学的。
可以这么说:中国哲学家的言论、文章没有表面上的联系,是由于这些言论、文章都不是正式的哲学著作。照中国的传统,研究哲学不是一种职业。每个人都要学哲学,正像西方人都要进教堂。学哲学的目
的,是使人作为人能够成为人,而不是成为某种人。其他的学习(不是学哲学)是使人能够成为某种人,即有一定职业的人。所以过去没有职?业哲学家;非职业哲学家也就不必有正式的哲学著作。在中国,没有正式的哲学著作的哲学家,比有正式的哲学著作的哲学家多得多。若想研究这些人的哲学,只有看他们的?语录或写给学生、朋友的信。这些信写于他一生的各个时期,语录也不只是一人所记。?所以它们不相联系,甚至互相矛盾,这是可以预料的。
以上所说可以解释为什么有些哲学家的言论、文章没有联系:还不能解释它们为什么简短。有些哲学著作,像孟子的和荀子的,还是有系统的推理和论证。但是与西方哲学著作相比,它们还是不够明晰。这是由于中国哲学家惯于用名言隽语、比喻例证的形式表达自己的思想。《老子》全书都是名言隽语,《庄子》各篇大都充满比喻例证。这是很明显的。但是,甚至在上面提到的孟子、荀子著作,与西方哲学著作相比,还是有过多的名言隽语、比喻例证。名言隽语一定很简短;比喻例证一定无联系。
因而名言隽语、比喻例证就不够明晰。它们明晰不足而暗示有余,前者从后者得到补偿。当然,明晰与暗示是不可得兼的。一种表达,越是明晰,就越少暗示;正如一种表达,越是散文化,就越少诗意。正因为中国哲学家的言论、文章不很明晰,所以它们所暗示的几乎是无穷的。
富于暗示,而不是明晰得一览无遗,是一切中国艺术的理想,诗歌、绘画以及其他无不如此。拿诗来说,诗人想要传达的往往不是诗中直接说了的,而是诗中没有说的。照中国的传统,好诗“言有尽而意无穷。”所以聪明的读者能读出诗的言外之意,能读出书的“行间”之意。中国艺术这样的理想,也反映在中国哲学家表达自己思想的方式里。
中国艺术的理想,不是没有它的哲学背景的。《庄子》说:“言者所以在意,得意而忘言。道家认为,道不可道,只可暗示。言透露道,是靠言的暗示,不是靠言的固定的外延和内涵。言一旦达到了目的,就该忘掉。既然再不需要了,何必用言来自寻烦恼呢?诗的文字和音韵是如此,画的线条和颜色也是如此。 《论语》、《老子》中简短的言论,都不单纯是一些结论,?而推出这些结论的前提都给丢掉了。它们都是富于暗示的名言隽语。暗示才耐人寻味。你可以把你从《老子》中发现的思想全部收集起来,写成一部新书。不管写得多么好,它也不过是一部新书。它可以与《老子》 原书对照着读,也可以对人们理解原书大有帮助,但是它永远不能取代原书。
6.下列关于原文前三段内容的表述,不正确的一项是
A. 《论语》每张只有寥寥数语,上下章在思想上也几乎没有任何联系,因为他不只是一人所记,所以彼此不相联系也是可以预料的。
B.照中国的传统,研究哲学不是一种职业,表达哲学思想也就不必非有正式的哲学著作,而是可以散见于日常的交谈和书信之中。
C.西方哲学著作采用系统的推理和论证表达思想,而中国哲学家习惯于用名言隽语,比喻例证表达思想,所以思想的表达不够明晰。
D.《庄子》各篇大都充满比喻例证,这些比喻例证之间可以没有相互联系,不像西方哲学著作中的推理论证那样有密切联系。
7.下列理解和分析,不符合原文意思的一项是
A.诗意往往不直接表达,而是通过暗示让人领会。中国哲学家表达自己思想的方式,比如名言隽语和比喻论证,正是一种诗意的表达方式。
B.明晰的表达固然值得肯定,但富于暗示的表达则更耐人寻味,只有聪明的读者才能发掘出诗的言外之意和书的行间之意。
C.照中国的传统,好诗言有尽而意无穷,因为其意可由读者读出。同理,中国哲学家的言论,文章正因为语言简短,才能读出更多新意。
D.中国艺术的思想,当然不是只为中国艺术所独有,中国哲学家表达自己思想的方式就体现了这种理想,《老子》堪称范例。
8.根据原文内容,下列理解和分析不正确的一项是
A.中国哲学家表达自己思想的方式固然反映了中国艺术的理想,但从根本上说还是由中国哲学自身的认知特点决定的。
B. 中国哲学家表达自己思想的方式体现了中国哲学对言意关系的独特认识,那就是为语言难以直接、完全地呈现思想。
C. 中国哲学家表达自己思想的方式决定了它所表达的思想是难以还原的,因为读者所发现的思想包含他自己的体会。
D.中国哲学家表达自己思想的方式强调暗示,体现出对语言作用的排斥,因为思想无法靠语言的固定
外延和内涵来表达。
三、古代诗文阅读(共34分,工7小题)
阅读下面的文言文,完成9—12题。
家有名士
王汝南既除所生服,遂停墓所。兄子济每来拜墓,略不过叔,叔亦不候。济脱时过,止寒温而已。后聊试问近事,答对甚有音辞,出济意外,济极惋愕。仍与语,转造清微。济先略无子侄之敬,既闻其言,不觉懔然,心形俱肃。遂留共语,弥日累夜。济虽俊爽,自视缺然,乃喟然叹曰:“家有名士,三十年而不知!”济去,叔送至门。济从骑有一马,绝难乘,少能骑者。济聊问叔:“好骑乘不?”曰:“亦好尔。”济又使骑难乘马,叔姿形既妙,回策如萦,名骑无以过之。济益叹其难测,非复一事。邓粲晋纪曰:”王湛字处冲,太原人。隐德,人莫之知,虽兄弟宗族,亦以为痴,唯父昶异焉。昶丧,居墓次,兄子济往省湛,见床头有周易,谓湛曰:”叔父用此何为?颇曾看不?”湛笑曰:”体中佳时,脱复看耳。今日当与汝言。”因共谈易。剖析入微,妙言奇趣,济所未闻,叹不能测。济性好马,而所乘马骏驶,意甚爱之。湛曰:”此虽小驶,然力薄不堪苦。近见督邮马,当胜此,但养不至耳。”济取督邮马谷食十数日,与湛试之。湛未尝乘马,卒然便驰骋,步骤不异于济,而马不相胜。湛曰:”今直行车路,何以别马胜不?唯当就蚁封耳!”于是就蚁封盘马,果倒踣,其俊识天才乃尔。“
既还,浑问济:”何以暂行累日?济曰:”始得一叔。“浑问其故?济具叹述如此。浑曰:”何如我?“济曰:”济以上人。“武帝每见济,辄以湛调之曰:”卿家痴叔死未?“济常无以答。既而得叔,后武帝又问如前,济曰:”臣叔不痴。“称其实美。帝曰:”谁比?」济曰:”山涛以下,魏舒以上。」晋阳秋曰:”济有人伦鉴识,其雅俗是非,少有优润。见湛,叹服其德宇。时人谓湛:”上方山涛不足,下比魏舒有余。”
9对下列语句中加点词语的解释,不正确的一项是(3)
A.不觉懔然,心形俱肃 肃:恭敬
B绝难乘,少能骑者 绝:非常
C.唯当就蚁封耳 就:留下
D.时人谓湛上方山涛不足 谓:评价
10.下列各组语句中,全部表明家人不了解王湛的一组是(3)
○1济先略无子侄之敬 ○4唯父昶异焉
○2济益叹其难测,非复一事 ○5浑日:“何如我?”
○3虽兄弟宗族亦以为美痴 ○6卿家痴叔死未
A.○1○3○5 B.○1○4○5 C.○2○3○6 D○3○5○6
11.下列对正文及注解有关内容的分析和概括,不正确的一项是(3分)
A.王湛不被人了解,连侄儿王济也曾以为叔父痴呆,每次去祖父墓地祭祀从不看望叔父,见面不过寒暄而已。
B.王济看到王湛床头放着《周易》,感到奇怪,问叔父要此书何用,是否看过此书,流露出对叔父的轻视。
C.王湛看不上王济的那匹马,王济于是牵来督邮马喂养,十几天后给叔父试骑,方知叔父骑技极为高超。
D.王济告诉父亲,说叔父远比自己强,喜悦之情溢于言表;后来见到武帝时,又说叔父王湛超过了魏舒。
12.请把文言文阅读材料中画线的语句翻译成现代汉语。(9分)
(1)因共谈《易》剖析入微,济所未闻,叹不能测。(3分)
(2)浑问其故,济具叹述如此。(3分)
(3)武帝每见济,辄以湛调之。(3分)
13.请用斜线(/)给下面短文中画线的部分断句。(断句不超过6处)(3分)
魏舒身长八尺二寸,不修常人近事少工射入山泽没猎大获为后将军钟毓长史毓与參佐射戏舒常为坐画筹。后值朋人少,以舒充数,于是发无不中,加举措闲雅,殆尽其妙。
(选自《世说新语》刘孝标注,有删改)
14.阅读下面这首诗,完成后面的题目。(8分)
送邹明府游灵武
曾宰西畿县,三年马不肥。 债多平剑与,官满载书归。
边雪藏行径,林风透卧衣。 灵州听晓角,客馆未开扉。
【注】明府:对县令的尊称。灵武:即灵州(治所在今宁夏灵武县)。
请概括邹明府这个人物形象的主要特点,并作简要分析。(4分)
贾岛注重用字推敲,请对第三联中的“藏”、“透”二字作简要赏析。(4分)
15.补写出下列名篇名句中的空缺部分。(限选其中的5个小题作答)(5分)
(1)窈窕淑女,______________________.(《诗经 关雎》)
(2)吴丝蜀桐张高秋,___________________.(李贺《李凭箜篌引》)
(3)小楼昨夜又东风,______________.(李煜《虞美人》)
(4)_____________,尽西风,季鹰归未?(辛弃疾《水龙吟 登建康赏心亭》)
(5)风之积也不厚,_____________。(庄周《逍遥游》)
(6)_____________________,内无应门五尺之僮。(李密《陈情表》)
(7)土地平旷,屋舍俨然,_____________。(陶渊明《桃花源记》)
(8)亲小人,远贤臣,__________________。(诸葛亮《出师表》)
四、现代文(文学类、实用类文本)阅读(共20分,共4小题)
阅读下面的文章,完成16-19题。
耳边杜鹃啼
罗琅
午夜梦回,睡不着觉时,我通常起身看书或写稿,醒的时间无定时。近来醒来常听见悲切鸟啼,像贺铸词《忆秦城》句:
三更月,中庭恰照梨花雪。梨花雪,不胜凄断,杜鹃啼血。
杜鹃鸟通常在二月份起就开始夜啼,唐诗中有“杜鹃枝上月三更”,年年二月起,它的凄厉悲切德尔啼声,时近时远。我住的地方附近,有一片树林,那一片树林,晨昏可听到各种鸟鸣,自然每年也少不了杜鹃的“不如归去”的鸣叫,夜班鹃啼大概也发自那里。
据说杜鹃啼到吐血而死,三月份姹紫嫣红的“山踟蹰”,有人叫“映山红”,更多人则叫它为杜鹃花,传说是因杜鹃啼叫吐血亡后,这花便是它的血化成的。杜鹃鸟开始啼叫,正式杜鹃花开得最灿烂的时候,像现在已四月立夏,我在浅水湾头,耳边还有它悲悲啼啼的声音,传自山边。看来花虽已谢而鸟未亡,可见啼血化花只是美丽的附会。
杜鹃这种鸟在动物学上,是不值得恭维的,据说它不自己营巢,产卵在地上,等到其它鸟类出去觅食,剩下空果,它就把卵统统放进别人巢中,等别的鸟代它孵育。这自然不是一味好母亲所为。想来小鸟孵出来后,可能还要别人代它喂养到毛翼丰满,能自行觅食为止。这鸟比起乌鸦燕子的母性,显得不负责任,好在它能整天悲悲切切却引人同情,所以又说它是杜宇望帝的化身,是“蜀人悲子鹃鸟鸣”哩! 据说逆旅中的游子,听到这种啼声,常常动起思家归心,唐代无名氏《杂诗》云:
造势有家归来得,杜鹃休向耳边啼。
有家归不得时,整天却听到“不如归去,不如归去”,心中的烦躁牵挂之情可以想象。
杜鹃啼声凄厉悲切,古今公认,但它的声音大概在不同地方有不同的附会。有人听出它是“姑姑,姑姑”,也有人听出是“姑乎,姑乎”,二潮州人则听出是“姑虎,姑虎”,且凭这蹄声,编织成一个动人的故事叫做《姑嫂鸟》,潮州家喻户晓,还在舞台演出。
潮州旧历四月盛产杨梅,到了端午变过时,杨梅花开在初春,也正是杜鹃启啼之时,传说有姑嫂两人善于绣花,工艺精湛,能见之花均被绣尽,唯独未见杨梅花的样貌,杨梅开花在夜间,开完便谢,同时杨梅多种于山林,封建时代的妇女三步不出闺门,她们两人深以未能亲见杨梅花开为憾,于是相议于月明之夜,结伴离家到杨梅林中观赏杨梅花开的形状,准备把它绣出来。当她们到杨梅林时,遇见一只老虎,嫂子惊得昏了过去,及醒来,不见小姑。于是一路呼唤“姑姑,姑姑”,后来叫的精疲力竭,发现小姑的鞋子,知为虎所害,于是啼叫“姑姑”变成“姑虎,姑虎”,因怕回婆家责骂,叫至吐血而死,死后化成鸟,在每年杨梅花开时即开始呼叫,一直叫到端午杨梅过后为止。
潮州人叫这种鸟为“姑嫂鸟”,而不说它是与杜宇有关。一种鸟有这样那样的传说,自然是各地有不同人创造的故事。文学作品是人创造出来的,故事同环境、时间相结合,可以编成动人的作品。即使像杜
鹃这样不值得恭维的鸟,一样可以附会成凄婉哀伤的故事。当我们听到这些故事,甚至读到前人写的诗词时,我们同情其故事,就自然忘记了这种鸟的恶行止,可见文学手段可以可以化腐朽为神奇。人们也喜欢把一些耳闻眼见的事物,与美好的传说结合在一起。杜鹃这种鸟就这样美化了几千年,而且还会继续下去。
16.下列对文章有关内容的分析和概括,不正确的两项是(4分)
A.文章开头部分引用贺铸的词句,烘托了杜鹃鸟的凄美形象,引发了人们对杜鹃鸟的同情,也增强了文章的抒情意味和文学性。
B.关于杜鹃鸟啼血化花的传说,作者对其事实依据不以为然,对其文化内涵和文学意蕴也并不认同。
C.作者介绍动物学上的杜鹃鸟,其目的不过是把真实的,行为恶劣的杜鹃鸟客观地介绍给读者,以便读者对杜鹃鸟有更为全面的认识。
D.文章中间引用唐代无名氏的《杂诗》诗句,渲染了杜鹃鸟啼叫声的凄厉悲切,进一步加深了游子“有家归未得”的思想愁绪。
E.文章融叙事、抒情、议论为一体,让个人情思和哲理意蕴相互映衬,形象鲜明,内涵丰富,可读性强。
17.文章用了较大篇幅叙述“姑嫂鸟”的故事,请谈谈作者这样写的用意。(4分)
18.联系全文,简要分析“杜鹃啼”在文章谋篇布局中的作用。(4分)
19.选取一个角度,结合文章对“杜鹃这种鸟就这样被美化了几千年”的原因加深探究。(8分)
五、语言文学运用(共12分,共3小题)
20.2012年4月9日,湖北省“书香荆楚·文化湖北”全民读书月活动正式启动。为配合这次读书月活动,请从《楚辞》和《史记》两本书中任选一本,写一则阅读宣传语。
要求:①联系该书内容;②表达简明得体;③字数不超过40字。(4分)
21.请用对偶句描述下面《红楼梦》中宝黛初会的情景,字数不超过30字。(4分)
黛玉一见便大吃一惊,心下想道:“好生奇怪,倒像在哪里见过一般,何等眼熟到如此”,宝玉也说:“这个妹妹我见过的”贾母笑道:“可又是胡说,你又何曾见过他?”宝玉笑道:“虽然未曾见过他,然我看着面善,心里就算是旧相识,今日只作远别重逢,亦未为不可。”
22.欣赏右边这幅漫画,请为其题诗或配文。
要求:①符合画面情景;
②表达鲜明生动;
③字数不超过40字(4分)
六、写作(共60分,共1小题)
23.阅读下面的材料,按要求作文。(60分)
语文课堂上,老师在讲到杜甫的《春望》“烽火连三月,家书抵万金”时,不无感慨地说:“可惜啊,我们现在已经很难见到家书了,书信这种形式恐怕要消失了。”
学生甲:“没有啊,我上大学的表哥就已经给我写信,我觉得这种交流方式是不可替代的。” 学生乙:“信息技术这么发达,打电话、发短信、写邮件更便捷,谁还用笔写信啊?”
学生丙:“即使不用笔写信,也不能说明书信消失了,只不过是书信的形式变了。”
学生丁:“要是这样说的话,改变的又何止是书信?社会发展了,科技进步了,很多东西都在悄然改变。”
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