記住莪給妳嘚承諾
范文一：植物学常见专业词汇
adventitious roots -- A root that grows from somewhere other than the primary root, for example, roots that arise from stems or leaves. alternation of generations -- Life cycle in which haploid and diploid generations alternate with each other.
anemophily -- Seed plants which are pollinated by wind are said to be anemophilous.
angiosperm -- n. A group of plants that produce seeds enclosed within an ovary, which may mature into a fruit; . anther -- The pollen producing tip of a stamen ; part of a flower.
antheridium -- The organ on a plant which produces the sperm cells.
anthophyte -- A flowering plant, or any of its closest relatives, such as the Bennettitales, Gnetales, or Pentoxylales.
apical meristem -- Group of cells at the growing tip of a branch or root. It divides cells to create new tissues.
archegonium -- The organ on a plant which produces the egg cell, and nurtures the young .
axil -- The angle formed between a leaf stalk and the stem to which it is attached. In flowering plants, buds develop in the axils of leaves. bipinnate -- Describing a pinnate leaf in which the leaflets themselves are further subdivided in a pinnate fashion.
bisporangiate -- When a flower or cone produces both megaspores and microspores , it is said to be bisporangiate. Most flowers are bisporangiate.
blade -- Any broad and flattened region of a plant or alga, which allows for increased photosynthetic surface area.
bract -- Any reduced leaf-like structure associated with a cone or flower.
bryophyte -- Plants in which the gametophyte generation is the larger, persistent phase; they generally lack conducting tissues. Bryophytes include the Hepaticophyta (liverworts),
(hornworts), and Bryophyta (mosses).
carpel -- A unit of the pistil ; it is evolutionarily a modified leaf. cataphyll -- In , a scale-like modified leaf which protects the developing true leaves.
columella -- A small column of tissue which runs up through the center of a spore capsule. It is present in , mosses, and some rhyniophytes.
compound leaves -- n. Leaves with two or more leaflets attached to a single leaf stem.
cotyledon -- n. The
elater -- A cell or part of a cell which assists in dispersing spores. The elaters change shape as they lose or acquire water, and they will then push against surrounding spores.
embryophyte -- Synonym for the , as here defined. It includes all green photosynthetic organisms which begin the development of the sporophyte generation within the
enations -- Flaps of tissue such as those found on psilophytes. endodermis -- Literally
entomophily -- Seed plants which are pollinated by are said to be entomophilous.
epiphyte -- A which grows upon another plant. The epiphyte does not
canopy environment.
eustele -- When a plant's vascular tissue develops in discrete bundles, it is said to have a eustele. See also protostele and siphonostele.
fiber -- Elongated and thickened cell found in xylem tissue. It strengthens and supports the surrounding cells.
flower -- Collection of reproductive structures found in flowering plants.
fruit -- In , the structure which encloses the seeds. True fruits develop from the ovary wall, such as bananas and tomatoes, though not all fruits are edible, such as the dry pods of milkweed or the winged fruits of the maple.
grain -- (1) The texture of wood, produced by the kinds of xylem cells present. (2) The fruit of a member of the .
guard cells -- Pair of cells which surround a stomate and regulate its size by altering their shape.
gymnosperm -- n. A plant that produces seeds, which are not enclosed; includes any that does not produce flowers. gynostemium -- The central reproductive stalk of an , which consists of a stamen and pistil fused together.
habit -- The general growth pattern of a plant. A plant's habit may be described as creeping, trees, shrubs, vines, etc.
herb -- Generally any plant which does not produce wood, and is therefore not as large as a tree or shrub, is considered to be an herb. heterosporangiate -- Producing two different kinds of sporangia , specifically microsporangia and megasporangia. Compare with heterosporous .
heterosporous -- Producing two different sizes or kinds of spores. These may come from the same or different sporangia, and may produce similar or different gametophytes. Contrast with homosporous , and compare with heterosporangiate .
holdfast -- Anchoring base of an alga.
homosporous -- Producing only one size or kind of spore. Contrast with heterosporous .
hypha -- n.Threadlike filaments that form the mycelium (body) of a fungus; hyphae - pl.
inflorescence -- A cluster of flowers.
internode -- The region of a stem between two nodes , when there is no branching of the vascular tissue.
lamina -- Any broad and flattened region of a plant or alga, which allows for increased photosynthetic surface area.
leaf -- An organ found in most vascular plants; it consists of a flat lamina (blade) and a petiole (stalk). Many flowering plants have additionally a pair of small stipules near the base of the petiole. leaf trace -- The strand of vascular tissue which connects the leaf veins to the central vascular system of the stem.
leaflet -- In a compound leaf, the individual blades are called leaflets. magnoliid -- Any member of the basal assemblage of
.
mannoxylic -- Wood in which there is a great deal of parenchyma tissue among the xylem is called mannoxylic. and pteridosperms have mannoxylic wood. Contrast with . megaspore -- In plants which are heterosporous , the larger kind of spore is called a megaspore; it usually germinates into a female (egg-producing) gametophyte . Contrast with microspore .
meristem -- Group of undifferentiated cells from which new tissues are produced. Most plants have apical meristems which give rise to the primary tissues of plants, and some have secondary meristems which add wood or bark.
merophytes -- Group of cells which have all been produced from the same initial cell. Leaves and stems in particular are often built from
specific patterns of merophytes.
microphyll -- A kind of leaf, specifically one which has a single, unbranched vein in it. Microphylls are only found in the . microspore -- In plants which are heterosporous , the smaller kind of spore is called a microspore; it usually germinates into a male
(sperm-producing) gametophyte . Contrast with megaspore . mycorrhizae -- Symbiotic association between a and the roots or rhizoids of a .
node -- The region of a stem between two internodes , where there is branching of the vascular tissue into leaves or other appendages. ovary -- In , the part of the flower which encloses the ovules . When the ovary matures, it becomes the fruit .
ovule -- In , the structure which gives rise to the seed. paleoherb -- Any member of a group of basal which may be the closest relatives of the . They include the water lilies, Piperales, and Aristolochiales.
parenchyma -- A generalized cell or tissue in a plant. These cells may manufacture or store food, and can often divide or differentiate into other kinds of cells.
perennial -- A plant which continues to grow after it has reproduced, usually meaning that it lives for several years.
perianth -- The sepals and petals of a flower are together called the perianth; literally
peristome -- A set of cells or cell parts which surround the opening of a moss sporangium. In many mosses, they are sensitive to humidity, and will alter their shape to aid in spore dispersal.
petal -- One of the outer appendages of a flower, located between the outer sepals and the stamens . Petals often display bright colors that serve to attract pollinators.
phloem -- Nutrient-conducting tissue of vascular plants.
phragmoplast -- The cell plate formed during cell division. phytomelanin -- a papery
pinnately compound -- Leaves which are divided up like a feather are said to be pinnately compound.
pistil -- The central set of organs in a flower; it is composed of one or more carpels.
pith -- To severely damage the brain of a frog, also any central region of parenchyma tissue within a plant stem.
pits -- Thin regions of the cell wall in xylem conducting cells. Their structure is an important characteristic for recognizing different kinds of wood.
plasmodesmata -- Cytoplasmic connections between neighboring cells in plant tissues.
platyspermic -- Having seeds which are flattened and disc-like. Contrast with radiospermic .
plicate -- Folded like a paper fan, as in the leaves of palms, cyclanthoids, and some orchids.
pollen -- The microspore of .
pollen tube -- In , the extension of the male gametophyte as it emerges from the pollen grain in search of the female gametophyte.
pollination -- Process of transferring the pollen from its place of production to the place where the egg cell is produced. This may be accomplished by the use of wind, water, , , , or other means. Pollination is usually followed by fertilization , in which sperm are released from the pollen grain to unite with the egg cell.
pollinia -- A mass of fused pollen produced by many . protostele -- When a plant's vascular tissue develops in a solid
central bundle, it is said to have a protostele. See also siphonostele and eustele.
pseudoelaters -- Moisture-sensitive cells produced in the sporangium of .
pteridophyte -- Plant in which the sporophyte generation is the larger phase and in which the gametophyte lives an existence independent of its parent sporophyte. Pteridophytes are almost all vascular plants, and include the , ,
, and ferns.
pteridosperm -- An extinct group of which bore fern-like leaves.
pycnoxylic -- Wood in which there is little or no parenchyma tissue among the xylem is called pycnoxylic. Conifers and
have pycnoxylic wood. Contrast with .
radicle -- The end of a plant embryo which gives rise to the first root. radiospermic -- Having seeds which are round or ovoid. Contrast with platyspermic .
reticulate -- Interconnecting, like a network.
rhizoid -- n. A cellular outgrowth of a plant that usually aids in anchoring to the surface and increasing surface area to acquire water or nutrients; found in mosses, liverworts, and hornworts.
rhizome -- n. A horizontal underground stem, such as found in many ferns, where only the leaves may stick up into the air; sphenophytes (horsetails and their relatives) spread via rhizomes, but also produce erect stems.
root -- Usually the below ground portion of a plant. Contrast with shoot .
rosette -- A series of whorls of leaves or leaf-like structure produced at the base of the stem, just above the ground.
secondary growth -- Growth in a plant which does not occur at the tips of the stems or roots. Secondary growth produces wood and bark
in .
sepal -- The outermost structures of a flower.
shoot -- Usually, the above ground portion of a plant, bearing the leaves. Contrast with root .
siphonostele -- When a plant's vascular tissue develops as a central cylinder, it is said to have a siphonostele. See also protostele and eustele.
spermatophyte -- A .
sporangiophore -- A stalk to which sporangia are attached. sporangium -- A chamber inside of which spores are produced through .
sporophyll -- Any leaf which bears sporangia is called a sporophyll. stamen -- Part of a flower, the tip of which produces pollen and is called the anther .
stigma -- The sticky tip of a pistil . Or, the dense region of pigments found in many photosynthetic protists which is sensitive to light, and thus functions somewhat like a miniature eye.
stipe -- A scientific term for
stipules -- Paired appendages found at the base of the leaves of many .
stomata -- Openings in the epidermis of a stem or leaf of a plant which permit gas exchange with the air. In general, all plants except liverworts have stomata in their sporophyte stage.
streptophytes -- The consisting of the plus their closest relatives, the .
strobilus -- A tightly clustered group of sporophylls arranged on a central stalk; commonly termed a
style -- The narrow stalk of the pistil , located above the ovary but
below the stigma .
synangium -- A cluster of sporangia which have become fused in development.
tepal -- When the sepals and petals of a flower are indistinguishable, they are referred to as tepals. Tepals are common in many groups of .
thalloid -- Plants which have no roots, stems, or leaves are called thalloid, such as liverworts and .
tracheophyte -- Any member of the clade of plants possessing vascular tissue; a vascular plant.
tree -- Any tall plant, including many conifers and , as well as extinct lycophytes and sphenophytes.
tuber -- An underground stem which has been modified for storage of nutrients, such as a potato.
turgor pressure -- Force exerted outward on a cell wall by the water contained in the cell. This force gives the plant rigidity, and may help to keep it erect.
vegetative growth -- Growth of a plant by division of cells, without sexual reproduction.
venation -- The arrangement and pattern of veins in a leaf.
whorl -- An arrangement of appendages, such as branches or leaves, such that all are equally spaced around the stem at the same point, much like the spokes of a wheel or the ribs of an umbrella
wood -- A secondary tissue found in which consists largely of xylem tissue.
xylem -- Water-conducting tissue of vascular plants.
范文二：植物学专业词汇英语
晶体(cryst?al) 侵填体(tylos?es) 硬壁侵填体?(Scier?otic tylos?is) 假根(rhizo?id)根托(Rhizo?phore?) 子叶节(cotyl?edon node zone) 分枝(branc?hing)节(node)节间(inter?node) 保卫细胞(guard? cells?) 原套—原体学说 (tunic?a?corpu?s theor?y) 原套(tunic?a)初生组织(prima?ry tissu?e) 角质(cutin?) 角质层(cutic?le) 气孔(stoma?) 外韧维管束?(colla?teral? bundl?e) 内始式(exarc?h) 筛管(Sieve? tube) 伴胞(Compa?nion cell) 筛域(Sieve? area) 筛孔(Sieve? pore) 筛板(Sieve? plate?)髓(pith) 初生射线(prima?ry ray) 髓射线(pith ray) 髓环带细胞?(perim?edull?ary zone) 皮孔(Lenti?cel)
(fasci?cular? cambi?um) 束间形成层?(inter?fasci?cular?cambi?um) 束内维管形?成层
管孔链(pore-chain?) 复管孔(multi?ple pore) 单管孔(solit?ary pore)散孔材(diffu?se-porus? wood)补充组织(compl?ement?ary tissu?e) 管孔链(pore -chain?)单列射线(unise?riate? ray) 复管孔(multi?ple pore)傍管薄壁细?胞 (parat?rache?al paren?chyma?) 二列射线(biser?iate ray) 多列射线(multi?seria?te ray) 纺锤原始细?胞(fusif?orm initi?al cell) 穿孔(perfo?retio?n) 维管形成层? (vascu?lar cambi?um) 原形成层(proca?mbium?) 底壁(end wall) 粘液(Slime?) 纺锤原始细?胞(fusif?orm initi?al cell) 导管分子(vesse?lelem?ent membe?r) 尾端(tail) 穿孔板(perfo?-ratio?n pitti?ng) 管间纹孔式?(inter?vascu?lar pitti?ng) 节间(mesom?e) 顶枝(telom?e) 螺纹加厚(spira?l thick?ening?) 穿孔板(perfo?ratio?n pitti?ng) 顶枝束(telom?e truss?es) 单穿孔( simpl?e perfo?ratio?n) 复穿孔(multi?plepe?rfora?tion) 导管穿孔(Vesse?l perfo?ratio?n) 傍管轴向薄?壁组织(parat?rache?al axial?-paren?chyma?) 角质层(cutic?le) 复合顶枝(synte?lome) 稀疏傍管轴?向薄壁组织?(axial? paren?chyma? parat?rache?al) 扁化(plana?tion) 越顶 ( overt?oppin?g) 叶系统发育?的并合(fushi?on in leaf phyll?ogenc?y) 三出羽状复?叶(terna?te pinna?te leaf) 气孔原始细?胞(Initi?al cell of stoma?ta) 蜡被(Wex coat) 角质(cutin?)角质层纹饰? (Sculp?-tine)
叶肉(mesop?hyll)栅栏组织(palis?adeti?ssue) 海绵组织(spong?y tissu?e) 异面叶(bifac?ial leaf)
叶脉(Vein) 蜜腺(necta?ry)二体雄蕊 (diade?lphou?s stame?n) 雄蕊(stame?n) 雄蕊群(andro?ecium?) 花瓣(petal?) 胚珠(ovule?) 边缘胎座(margi?nal place?nta) 心皮(carpe?l) 花柱(style?)子房(ovary?) 柱头(stigm?a) 单雌蕊(simpl?e pisti?l) 大豆花图式?(flora?l diagr?am) 大豆花程式?(flora?l formu?la) 绒毡层(tapet?um) 中层 ( middl?e layer?) 纤维层 (fibro?us layer?) 造孢细胞(sporo?genou?s cell) 周缘细胞(parie?tal cell) 孢原细胞(arche?spori?al cell) 胚珠(ovule?) 合点(chala?za) 珠柄(funic?ulus) 外珠被(outer? integ?ument?) 内珠被(inner? integ?ument?) 珠被 (in-tegum?ent) 珠心(mucel?lnus) 珠孔(micro?pyle) 反足细胞(antip?odal cell)助细胞(syner?gid) 极核(polar? nucle?i)拳卷胚珠(circi?notro?pous ovule?)横生胚珠(amphi?tropo?us ovule?)珠脊(raphe?)八分体 (octan?t) 双受精(doubl?e fert-iliza?tion) 自花传粉(self-polli?natio?n) 闭花受精 (cleis?togam?y) 中央细胞( centr?alcel?l) 反足细胞(antip?odal cell) 卵细胞(egg) 助细胞(syner?gid) 胚根原细胞?(hypop?hysis?) 组织(tissu?e)复合组织(Compo?und tissu?e) 分生组织(meris?temat?ic tissu?e)成熟组织(matur?e tissu?e)顶端分生组?织 (apica?l meris?tem) 侧生分生组?织 (later?al meris?tem)原分生组织?(prome?riste?m)初生分生组?织(prima?ry meris?tem)次生分生组?织(secon?dary meris?tem)传递细胞(trans?fer cell)通气组织(aeren?chyma?) 储水组织(aqueo?us tissu?e)储藏组织(stora?ge tissu?e)同化组织(assim?ilati?ng tissu?e) 薄壁组织( paren?chyma? )周皮(perid?erm)表皮(epide?rmis)保护组织(prote?ctive? tissu?e) 纤维(fiber?)石细胞(scler?eid)厚壁组织(scler?enchy?ma)厚角组织(colle?nchym?a) 机械组织(mecha?nical? tissu?e )输导组织( condu?cting? tissu?e)韧皮纤维 (fiber?) 伴胞com?panio?n cell)筛管分子(sieve? tube)木纤维(fiber?)木薄壁细胞?(paren?chyma?) 导管分子(vesse?l membe?r)韧皮薄壁细?胞(paren?chyma?)周皮(perid?erm) 表皮(epide?rmis) 基本组织系?统(funda?menta?l tissu?e syste?m) 基本组织系?统(funda?menta?l tissu?e syste?m) 维管组织系?统(vascu?lar tissu?e syste?m ) 乳汁管(latic?ifer)分泌腔(secre?tory cavit?y) 分泌细胞(secre?tory cell)蜜腺 (necta?ry)腺毛(gland?ular hair)分泌结构(secre?tory struc?
- 1 -
ture)
韧皮部(phloe?m)木质部(xylem?)子叶节区(cotyl?edon node zone) 子叶出土幼?苗(epiga?eous seedl?ing)
向基移位型?(Basip?etals?hifti?ng type) 顶枝束(Telom?e truss?es) 阳地大豆植?物(Sun plant?) 直根系(tap root syste?m)阴地大豆植?物(Shade? plant?) 根尖(root tip) 根冠(root cap) 皮层(corte?x) 分生区(meris?temat?ic zone) 伸长区(elong?ation? zone) 成熟区(matur?ation? zone) 顶枝( telom?e) 内皮层(endod?ermis?) 凯氏带(caspa?rians?-trip)外皮层(exode?rmis) 后生韧皮部?(metap?hloem?) 原生韧皮部?(Proto?phloe?m) 后生木质部?(metax?ylem) 原生木质部?(proto?xylem?) 中柱鞘(peric?ycle) 异源根 ( Allor?hizic?plant?) 同源根(Homor?hizic? plant?)侵填体(tylos?es) 根瘤(root nodul?e) 周皮(Perid?erm) 栓内层(phell?oderm?)木栓层(phell?em) 木栓形成层?(phell?ogen) 花冠(corol?la) 韧皮射线(Phloe?m ray) 木质射线(Xylem? ray)维管射线(Vascu?lar ray) 形成层环(Cambi?um ring) 花萼(calyx?) 花被(peria?nth) 花托(recep?tacle?) 花柄(pedic?el) 伸长细胞(eleng?ante cell) 上胚轴(epico?tyl) 卵器(egg appar?atus)极核(polar? nucle?i)
原胚(Proem?bryo) 双受精(doubl?e fert-iliza?tion)
- 2 -
范文三：理学硕士-植物学专业
理学硕士 -植物学专业
Master of Science in Botany
?所属院校
英属哥伦比亚大学 University of British Columbia
?
?学术地位
《麦克林杂志》 2015年加拿大医博类大学排名(Maclean's Medical Doctoral University Rankings)第 3位
《麦克林杂志》 2014年加拿大医博类大学排名(Maclean's Medical Doctoral University Rankings)第 2位
《麦克林杂志》 2013年加拿大医博类大学排名(Maclean's Medical Doctoral University Rankings)第 2位
?
?院校位置
?
加拿大 -- 温哥华市(Vancouver ) -不列颠哥伦比亚省
?
?办学性质公立
?
?专业类型
自然科学类 , 生物学
?
?海飓解读课程说明
学生修满 30个学分即可毕业,完成该课程的时间长度因学生而异,一般 是 1至 3年。本课程的“费用总额”是按一年的标准计算的。
?
?课程长度
学生修满 30个学分即可毕业。
?
?开学日期
1月 ,9月最近一次开学申请截止日期:2015-12-01
?
?申请费用
CAD 159
?
?留学加拿大留学费标准
CAD 加元 26,399.10/年
?
?费用总额
RMB 人民币 259,494.00元
?
完成该课程需要花费的学费 +生活费
?
?学术要求
1. 该校认可的国内高等院校全日制本科毕业生,均分 85%以上;或 211大学,均分 80%以上。
2. 有专业背景要求(申请人本科专业须与本课程相同或至少相关)。
?
?成绩要求
雅思 6.5(单项不低于 6)
?
托福 80
注:雅思及托福成绩要求满足其一即可。
范文四：植物学专业实习报告
DOC格式，方便您的复制修改删减
植物学专业实习报告
植物学专业实习报告
一(前言
1.实习目的:
A.观察和了解庐山的植被及其主要植物群落类型，了解植物群落与环境的相互关系，认识植物群落在生态系统中的地位和作用及其分布规律;识别本地区主要的一些植物种类;调查样地的植物群落。
B.通过观察、解剖、描述和采集、压制、制作标本以及应用工具书和检索表鉴定植物等，培养我们的动手能力和分析、解决实际问题的综合素质，学会鉴定植物的方法。
C.验证、复习和巩固课堂和书本上所学的理论知识，做到理论联系。
2.实习内容:庐山植物的观察与分析，调查庐山主要植被类型及组成、结构动态和分布规律
3.实习时间:2011.08.162011.08.24
4.实习工具:标本夹，卷尺，放大镜，望远镜，罗盘，GPS，剪刀，标签
5.实习人员:XXXXXXXXXXXX全体学生
6.指导老师:XXXXXXXXXX老师
7.实习意义:
A.通过实习可以培养学习科学的态度，吃苦耐劳的精神，严明
DOC格式，方便您的复制修改删减
的组织纪律性，团结协作精神。
B.利用野外实习可以很好的让同学们感受到祖国山河的壮丽，培养热爱自然，保护生态环境的意识。
C.野外实习不仅是对理论知识的验证和巩固、对课堂知识的补充和深化，同时也是对综合素质的全面锻炼和提高。野外实习对于激发同学们学习兴趣，培养观察能力、创新思维和动手能力具有重要意义。
二(区域背景:
1.庐山位于江西省北部，北濒长江，南邻鄱阳湖，纬度位置为
(11552E11608E，2926N2941N)
2.植物概况:庐山植物资源丰富。森林覆盖率达76.6%。高等植物近3000种， 在钟灵清秀的庐山，更有集庐山植物景观之大成的璀璨的山中明珠庐山植物园。
3.庐山群落类型:庐山在自然植被上，由于它地处中亚热带，海拔1400多米，属于我国亚热带东部季风区域，离海700公里左右，在植被分布上，其水平地带是常绿阔叶林，随着海拔高度的增加，地表水热状况的垂直分异，深刻地制约着植被的垂直分布，导致植物群落类型多种多样。从大的方面来分，主要分为两部分:针叶林和阔叶林。但由于人类活动的影响，原始植被几乎破坏殆尽，从各种群落类型分析比较，次生的灌丛，草丛面积大于森林面积，从分布地点来看，植被保存较好，具有代表性的是在庐山山麓秀峰，白鹿洞等处，山体中有黄龙寺，大月山等。总体上庐山的南部比北部自然植被保存较好。
DOC格式，方便您的复制修改删减
三(实习概况:
(一)植物园植物观察:
植物园概况:庐山植物园创建于1934年，植物园位于庐山东谷大月山和含鄱岭之间，海拔1000,1300米，原称庐山森林植物园，是一座亚热带山财植物。创始人为我国著名的植物学家胡先骕、秦仁昌、陈封怀等教授。
庐山植物园有五个园区，松柏区，树木园，温室区，岩石园，国际友谊杜鹃园。
在植物园里，经过老师细心介绍，我们了解了很多种在课堂上没有见过的植物。庐山植物园有两大特色:一是杜鹃花种类繁多，植物园已建成拥有300余种杜鹃花的国际友谊杜鹃园，如云锦杜鹃、映山红、满山红等。二是裸子植物丰富，植物园拥有裸子植物260余种，被称为松、杉、桧、柏的活标本园，为中国之冠。庐山由于山地自然条件的复杂性，许多植物比平原更有条件保存下来，如鹅掌楸、擦木、大血藤、紫树等和引进新的植物种类，提供了有利条件。
范文五：植物学专业实习报告
植物学专业实习报告
实习日期:XX年9月6日
带队教师:雷安平，仙湖植物园老师(校外)
摘要:被子植物可区分为草本和木本植物两大类。一般说的草，指的是草本植物，树指的是木本植物。草的茎柔软，没有年轮;树的茎坚硬，有明显的年轮。草本植物是较先进的植物，为各种草丛，滩涂中的昆虫，提供”衣食住行”。
关键词:草本植物，年轮，木本植物。
前言:
植物学的发展:(前人所做的努力)
我国中医药的发展已有数千年。祖先通过他们的勇毅同智慧发现了各种草药的药理性，寒热性。进而治疗各种病人的病症，痛苦。这就是在我国的草本植物的发展。当今已是21世纪，让中医药继续发扬光大是各科学家，医生药师的重任。
在19世纪前国外发展得较我国慢，但当代发展地十分迅速。特别是近代与当代，植物学发展一日千里，新的代表植物分子生物学，植物细胞生物学，引领植物学向更微观世纪进军。植物组织培养，植物pcr技术等在国外是较成熟的。
前人留下的问题:
草本植物与木本植物的异同;植物体内的营养;草本植物
为何高级于木本植物;
选”草本植物”的缘由:
草本植物，我们第一联想到草，草有很多用处。猪牛马羊等各类家畜也都吃草。竹子在日常生活处处可见，在我们中国还有竹子造的房屋。大自然中的野草不止是动物的食物，还能制造大量氧气，防止水土流失。
植物资源是极其丰富的，它的开发利用，能给人类带来物质财富;但若违反自然规律地滥采滥用，则会破坏资源，毁灭资源，给人类生存造成威胁。因此，正确认识植物资源的特点，是合理利用植物资源的出发点。
意义与目的:
1培养学生初步掌握生物学的形态的鉴定技术和分类方法，培养学生具备生命科学的专业基础,以利于更好地学习和从生物学研究;为开拓,发展生态学，环境学等边缘学科研究打下良好基础。
2掌握一般的植物分类的理论基础。能认识30-50科植物。掌握重要植物标本采集的基本方法。认识(海岸)草本植物的特征。
3一般掌握大鹏半岛生物群落的植物分布类型。牢固掌握生物生态学和生物群落学的理论及其内容。
材料与方法:
植物专用钳，尖头钳，镐子，塑料袋，大编织袋，”红
白蓝”大麻袋。
采集方法:
一个同学用小镐子，铲那些地上长的成株的植物;一个同学手持尖头剪或植物剪，剪下一些路边的树枝条(应该尽量带有花和果);一个同学带着大编织袋，把同组同学采集下来的植物放入袋中。
辨别技巧:
辨别植物所属科目时:应该注意植株的各种形态上的区别:根状茎，块茎;贮藏根，寄生根;单叶，复叶;轮生，对生，互生叶。。。。。。
注意:以上的特征就可以辨别大部分的植物的科目了。
花的基本构成:花萼，花被，花瓣，萼片，花冠，雄蕊群，雌蕊，花托等等。
每种花的基本组成，不尽相同。这可以区分各种植物。
实习日志:
7月19日
在海边山路两旁(鹿咀山庄入口路两旁)采集各类植物。下午鉴别植物，粘上纸条(上面写有植物的种名和科名)
7月XX年训练营地外采集各类植物。下午进行植物实习考核。(桌上摆有五株植物，在纸上写种名和科名)
7月22日返校
植株的枝条(最好带有花果)或全株粘上纸条(上面写有
植物的种名和科名)
关于草本的问题:
植物生物多样性;
草本植物 (herbaceous plant或herb)―――自由的百科全书
草本植物是一类植物的总称，但并非植物科学分类中的一个单元，与草本植物相对应的概念是木本植物，人们通常将草本植物称作”草”，而将木本植物称为”树”，但是偶尔也有例外，比如竹，就属于草本植物，但人们经常将其看做是一种树。
草本植物和木本植物最显着的区别在于他们茎的结构，草本植物的茎为”草质茎”，茎中密布很多相对细小的维管束，充斥维管束之间的是大量的薄壁细胞，在茎的最外层是坚韧的机械组织。草本植物的维管束也与木本植物不同，维管束中的木质部分布在外侧而韧皮部则分布在内侧，这是与木本植物完全相反的，另外草本植物的维管束不具有形成层，不能不断生长，因而树会逐年变粗而草和竹子就没有这样的本领。相比于木质茎，草质茎是更进化的特征。
地球上已发现的植物中，草本植物占三分之二还多，大约有 30 万种，所有重要的粮食都是草，如小麦，大豆，高梁，玉米，稻米等。草本植物体形一般都很矮小，墙隅小草长不及 7 厘米，水稻、小麦也仅 1 米上下。
茎内木质部不发达，木质化细胞较少的植物。植株一般较小，茎干一般柔软，多数在生长季终了时，其整体或地上部死亡。
按草本植物生活周期的长短，可分为:
1. 一年生草本(annual) 在一个生长季节内就可完成生活周期的，即当年开花、结实后枯死的植物，如水稻、大豆、西红柿等。
2. 二年生草本(biennial) 第一年生长季(秋季)仅长营养器官，到第二年生长季(春季)开花、结实后枯死的植物，如冬小麦、甜菜、蚕豆等。
3. 多年生草本(perennial herb) 能生活二年以上的草本植物。有些植物的地下部分为多年生，如宿根或根茎、鳞茎、块根等变态器官，而地上部分每年死亡，待第二年春又从地下部分长出新枝，开花结实, 如藕、洋葱、芋、甘薯、大丽菊等;另外有一些植物的地上和地下部分都为多年生的，经开花、结实后，地上部分仍不枯死，并能多次结实，如万年青、麦门冬等。
结论:
结论一:高等植物分类基础 (营养器官/生殖器官)
我组所采野外植物的种类(草本植物):约为30个科
1.木兰科 2.莎草科3.毛茛科 4.十字花科 5.藜科 6蓼科 7.葫芦科8.山茶科 9.桃金娘科 10.大戟科 11.蔷薇科
12.豆科(豆目的三亚科特征与区别)13. 禾本科14.杨柳科 15.桦木科 16.壳斗科 17.榆科 18.桑科 19.杜鹃花科XX年生，优势是更新的次代多了。虽然每一代的生命短了，但是物种有新鲜的”活力”，其实这是先进性的体现。
编表如下:
初生的，原始的性状此生的，较进化的形状
茎木本草本
直立缠绕
叶常绿落叶
单叶全缘叶形复杂化
互生(螺旋状排列)对生或轮生
花被同形，不分化为蕚片和花被花被分化为蕚片和花瓣，或退化为单被或无被花
两性花单性花
整齐花
