M110934736
观察并总结
1) The professor came in, followed by a group of young people . （）
2) Heated , water changes into steam .（）
3) Born in a poor family, he had only two years of schooling.（
4) Given better attention, these flowers could have grown better.（
5) Laughed at by many other scientists, he went on with his research. （）
? Summary
过去分词作状语,与主句主语构成系，在时间上可以表示动作
已 。在句中一般可以作 时间、原因、条件、伴随、方式、让步状语等。
1、 作时间状语，等于when、while 引导时间从句 = When the park is seen from the hill…
【针对练习】
1）
2）__________ (accept) by the Party, he decided to devote his life to the cause of the Party.
2、作原因状语，等于as / since / because 引导从句 ’t help crying .
= As we are moved by what she said …
【针对练习】
1）___________ (attract) by the beauty of nature, the girl from London decided to spend another
two days on the farm.
2）’t what to do.
3、作条件状语等于 if 引导从句 = If they had been given more attention ….
【针对练习】 4、作方式或伴随状语
Eg: The actress came in ,
【针对练习】
1) She sat by the window , 2) He stood there silently, (move) to tears.
5、作让步状语, 相当于though, although引导的从句 =Although he was tired , he ….
【针对练习】
注意：过去分词作状语，其逻辑主语须与句子的主语保持一致，它们之间存在着被动关系。
判断正误
If caught, the police will punish the thief. （）
If caught, the thief will be punished by the police. （
6、独立主格结构
当分词的逻辑主语不是主句主语时，分词可以有自己独立的逻辑主语，这种结构称为 独立主格结构。 【针对练习】
1) 2)
现在分词与过去分词作状语的区别：
? ①现在分词作状语时，与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系；
? ②过去分词与其逻辑主语之间则表示被动关系。
【针对练习】
1） _______ (use) for a long time, the book looks old. ’t help thinking of those days when I was in Beijing . 注意：
1. 有些过去分词来源于系表结构，作状语时不表被动而表主语的状态。
E.g.： (lose)
2. 不与主语保持一致的固定结构
? generally speaking 一般说来
? strictly/ frankly speaking 严格地说/坦白地说
? judging from 从…判断
? all things considered 从整体来看
? taking all things into consideration 全面看来
从他的脸色看，他一定是病了。
总的来说，狗比猪跑得快。
【随堂训练】
句型转换
1） As he is encouraged by the progress he has made ,he works harder.
2) Although we were exhausted by the climb, we continued our journey.
3) When we were asked who had broken the window the children all kept silent.
4) She was dressed in white and suddenly appeared before us.
5) Aunt Wu came in, and she was followed by her daughter.
用下列词的适当形式填空
trap follow visit shoot lose know unnan is now visited by many tourists.
【高考链接】
单选
1. not to miss the flight at 15:20, the manager set out for the airport in a hurry.
A. Reminding B. Reminded C. To remind D. Having reminded
2. the city center, we saw a stone statue of about 10 meters in height.
A. Approaching B. Approached C. To approach D. To be approached
3. The little girl, at the examination results, stood there without saying a word.
A. disappointing B. disappointed C. disappoint D. disappointment
4. from the serious heart trouble for year, Tom has to take some medicine with him wherever he goes.
A. Suffered B. Suffering C. Having suffered D. Being suffered
A. be considered B. considered C. considering D. having considered
6. many women, she was indeed very fortunate.
A. Comparing to B. Compared C. Compared with D. Comparing with
7. The flowers his friend gave him will die unless every day.
A. watered B. watering C. water D. to water
8. Faced with a bill for $10,000, .
A. John has taken an extra job B. the boss has given John an extra job
C. an extra job has been taken D. an extra job has been given to John
语法填空
1. Mrs. White showed her students some old maps ____________(borrow) from the library.
2. John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work _________(finish), he gladly accepted it.
3. Though ____________(surprise) to see us, the professor gave us a warm welcome.
4. __________(dress) in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor.
5. With everything she needed _____________(buy), she went out of the shop, with her hands full of shopping bags. stories.
7. Ladies and gentlemen, please remain _________ (seat) until the plane has come to a complete stop.
8. A good story does not necessarily have to have a happy ending, but the reader must not be left ____________(unsatisfy).
9. _____________ (Determine) to give up smoking, he threw away his __________(remain) cigarettes.
10. ________ (blame) for the breakdown of the school computer network, Alice was in low spirits.
11.The man (stand) by the door is my father.
12. Facing the (puzzle) situation, Tom looked 13. The ’t expected it.
14. Her honesty made her much 15. I found a strange person 16. The most popular food for on any menu in Beijing is roast duck.
过去分词做状语
过去分词作状语学案 2)When asked why he was late, he went red.
一、温故而知新 =When he was asked why he was late, he went red. 一、温故而知新
I. 写出下列动词的过去分词形式 划线部分过去分词充当________________________________________________. 1. broke_______ 2.buy _______ 3.build _______ 4. hold _______ Group B: 3). Done in a hurry, his homework was full of mistakes. 5. eat _______ 6.find _______ 7. get_______ 8.keep_______ =Because it was done in a hurry, his homework was full of mistakes. 9. lead _______ 10.know _______ 11.plan _______ 12.trap _______ 4). Exhausted, I slid into bed and fell fast asleep. 13. study _______ 14.worry _______ 15.carry _______ 16. make _______ =Because I was exhausted, I slid into bed and fell fast asleep. 17. pay _______ 18. sell ______ 19. spend _______ 20. teach _______ 划线部分过去分词充当________________________________________________. II. 根据所提供动词的正确形式填空 GroupC:5). Given another chance, he will do better.
1. I like reading the novels_______ (write) by Zhang Ailing. =If he was given another chance, he will do better. 2. The girl _______(write) a letter is my cousin. 6). United, we stand, divided, we fail.
3. There is something wrong with my car and I have to get it_______(repair). =If we are united, we will stand, but if we are divided, we will fail. 4. He spoke loudly in order to make himself _______(hear). 划线部分过去分词充当________________________________________________. 5. I found the little girl ______(cry) at the corner. GroupD:7).Laughed at by many people, he continued his study.
6. I want the doors of my new house_______ (paint) white. =Although he was laughed at by many people, he continued his study. 7. He was _______(excite) at the good news. 8). (Although) Beaten by the other team, the players were not discouraged. 8. The story was so _______ that he was ______to tears. (move) =Although they were beaten by the other team, the players were not discouraged. III.改错: 划线部分过去分词充当________________________________________________. 9. I want the homework hand by Friday. Group E:9).The hunter left his house, followed by his dog.
10. Our headteacher ordered the classroom clean. =The hunter left his house, and he was followed by his dog. 11. We heard our class praise by the headmaster yesterday. 划线部分过去分词充当________________________________________________. 12. People found the water in the River polluting. lost in thought. Group F: 10) He walked up and down the room, 13. Do you know the teacher with his hair cutting short? = He walked up and down the room and he was lost in thought. 二、观察与思考 划线部分过去分词充当________________________________________________. 请观察下列各组句子之间的变化关系，并思考划线部分中过去分词起什么作用, 小结:_______________________________________________________________ Group A: 1)When heated, ice will be changed into water. ____________________________________________________________________ =When it is heated, ice will be changed into water. 三、模仿与运用
1
运用1:用不同句式翻译下列句子 the flower may seem fresher. “Nothing serious. _______________(钥匙丢了)and someone broke the 例子:如果被困在燃烧的建筑物里，你一定要呼救。 window. Seize every minute to study, and you will be successful!” said the
Locked\ If locked\ If you are locked in a burning house, you must call for help. teacher.____________________(受到老师鼓励), we began to take out the books. 1.当被问到发生了什么事时，他站了起来。 四、比较与领悟
___________(use)for a long time, the book looks old. 2. 如果种在肥沃的土壤里， 这些种子能长得很快。 ___________ (use) the book, I find it useful.
___________ (see) from the top of the hill, our school looks more beautiful.
3. 虽然John 被单独留在房间里，他一点都不害怕 ___________ (see) from the top of the hill, I find our school more beautiful.
五、总结与提升
【观察】 I.根据所提供单词的正确形式填空
请你仔细观察下列两个句子，你能说出过去分词(done)与现在分词完成被动式(having been done)
1 .When I got home, I found the TV_______ .(steal) 在句中作状语有何不同吗,
(1) Deeply moved by the movie,the children began to cry. 2. Don’t expose your skin to the sun or it will get_______(burn)
(2) Having been shown around the library,we were shown around the lab. 3. Everyday in our school we can hear the song ____ (sing) by the students. 【归纳】
4. _______ (give) enough time, we can complete the job in time. 过去分词(done)与现在分词完成被动式(having been done)在句中作状语的辨析:过去分词作
状语侧重的是 ，即不强调动作在时间的先后;现在分词的完成被动式侧重的5. English is not easy _________ (learn) well. 是 ，既强调动作在时间的先后。 6. I am sorry to keep you ________ (wait) for so long. 【观察】
7. Leave the door _______( close) after _______(enter) the room; it’s too cold. 选用分词作状语时，何时用现在分词，何时用过去分词呢,
(1) Seeing nobody at home,I had to leave. 8. Please explain it in simple English so as to make yourself________(understand).
(2) Seen from the hill,our school is more beautiful.
II.根据提示完成短文 (使用分词或分词短语) 【归纳】
选用分词作状语时,首先要弄清句子主语和分词之间的逻辑关系，如果句子的主语(分词的逻辑 Mary is a poor girl who sells flowers, one day…_____________________(卖完了许多花), the 主语)与分词构成 关系，则用现在分词作状语，表 ; 如果句子的主语(分词的逻______(excite) girl hurried home. __________________, (劳累了一天)the girl felt sleepy. On her way 辑主语)与分词构成 关系，则用过去分词作状语，表 。
home, ______________(一个醉汉 ) knocked her down. Her bike was______ (break). She had to 运用2:根据中文提示完成短文
_____________(去修理自行车) near the corner. As she got home, the girl took the ________(overuse) The first day of the new term. I went to school on foot .When I arrived, I found some of my
key out of her___________(破口袋) opened the newly _______(paint) door and sadly found it classmates _____________________(站在教室门口)with _______faces(面色忧郁) . I wondered why.
________(trap). ____________(建于20世纪60年代), the girl’s house is going to be ______(take) With_______________(窗子坏了), the classroom looked terrible . Having been locked for one hours, the
down. At this moment, she___________________(听到有人叫她的名字). It was her uncle who loved door was opened at last .The teacher came into the classroom, _________________(后面跟着学生).
her most. Happily, the girl went into another house, __________(follow) her uncle. There was a pot of flower in the classroom, which is fading. _________________(如果给花多浇点水),
2
过去分词做状语
过去分词作状语学习五要素
过去分词作状语是非谓语动词的重要用法之一，也是高考重要考点之一，学习时应注意下列几点：
一、弄清过去分词作状语的最基本特点→过去分词作状语表示被动的和完成的动作。
Written in a hurry, this article was not so good!
值得注意的是，有些过去分词因来源于系表结构，作状语时不表被动而表主动。这样的过去分词及短语常见的有：be lost （迷路）；be seated（就座） ； be hidden （躲）；be stationed （驻扎）；be lost / absorbed in （沉溺于）；be born （出身于）； ；be tired of （厌烦）;, be dressed in（穿着）, be faced with（面对）, be interested in（对…感兴趣）,be tired of （厌烦）be caught in（被困在）… （熟读以下例句，体会用法和考点）
(2005江苏卷7) Lost in the mountains for a week, the two students were finally saved by the local police.
(2006四川卷33) Faced with so much trouble, we failed to complete the task on time. (2005湖南卷22) Dressed in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor. (2006全国卷I 32) Surprised and happy, Tony stood up and accepted the prize. Interested in English, he listens to BBC every day.
Lost / Absorbed in deep thought, he didn't hear the sound.
Born in this beautiful town, he hates to leave it.
Lost in the streets, we decided to ask for help.
Caught in a heavy rain, he was all wet.
Based on a novel by Dickens, the film tells of a story of an orphan in a dangerous. Tired (= Though he was tired), the worker went on working.
二、明确过去分词作状语时的逻辑主语→过去分词作状语时其逻辑主语为主句的主语. Given another hour, I can also work out this problem.
Seen from the top of the hill, the city looks more beautiful to us.
三、弄清过去分词作状语的由来→过去分词作状语来源于状语从句。例如： Caught in a heavy rain, he was all wet. (Because he was caught in a heavy rain.) Grown in rich soil, these seeds can grow fast. （If these seeds are grown in rich soil.） ★状语从句改成过去分词作状语时有时还可保留连词，构成“连词＋过去分词”结
构作状语。 When given a medical examination, you should keep calm.
四、明确过去分词作状语的位置→过去分词可放在主句前作句首状语，后面有逗号与主句隔开；也可放在主句后面，前面有逗号与主句隔开。例如：
He stood there silently, moved to tears. = Moved to tears, he stood there silently.
五、熟悉与高考试题链接情况，了解高考考查重点。
1 ________ in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him.
A. Losing B. Having lost C. Lost D. To lose
2. __________more attention, the trees could have grown better.
A. Given B. To give C. Giving D. Having given
3. He found Irene ____at the piano with her hands arrested on the keys.
A. having seated B. seated C. being seated D. seating
4. They went to the ball,_______ as pirates.
A. dressed B. to dress C . dressing D. having dressed
5.____ in deep thought, the man stared blankly.
A. Losing B. Being lost C. To being losing D. Lost
6. When____ with a strong enemy they had always retreated（撤退）.
A. face B. facing C. faced D. to face
7. Shy and____, the boy thrust the flowers at his girl friend.
A. embarrassing B. embarrassed C. being embarrassed D. to embarrass
8.____ on Main Street, the market was busy yesterday.
A. Located B. Locating C. Being located D. To be located
9. He was____ that the date of the conference had been fixed.
A. to delight B. to be delighted C. delighting D. delighted
10.____ by the bullets flying at them from all sides, the enemy withdrew into the wood.
A. Having confused B. Confused C. Being confused D. Confusing
11.（安徽卷）30._______ in the fields on a March afternoon, he could feel the warmth of spring.
A. To walk. B. Walking C. Walked D. Having walked
12.（福建卷）22. ______ in the queen for half an hour, the old man suddenly realized he had left the cheque in the car. A. Waiting B. To wait C. Having waited D. To have waited
13.（湖南卷）30. _____ the project as planned, we’ll have to work two more hours a day.
A. Completing B. Complete C. Completed D. To complete
14.（浙江卷）10. ______that he was in great danger, Eric walked deeper into the forest.
A. Not realized B. Not to realize C. Not realizing D. Not to have realized
15.（浙江卷）10. ______that he was in great danger, Eric walked deeper into the forest.
A. Not realized B. Not to realize C. Not realizing D. Not to have realized
16、(2006年陕西17)Faced with a bill for $10，000，___________.
A. John has taken an extra job B. the boss has given john an extra job
C. an extra job has been taken D. an extra job has been given to John
过去分词做状语
I． 过去分词作状语所表示的意义：
过去分词短语作状语，可表示时间，原因，条件等，可发展为一个状语从句。过去分词作状语可分为： 一般式 (done) 表示分词动作与谓语动作同时发生或分词动作发生于谓语动作之前。
完成式 (having been done) 强调分词动作发生在谓语动作之前。例如：
Scolded (As she was scolded) by the teacher, the girl sat there without lifting her head. 由于被老师批评了，那个女孩低着头坐在那儿。
II．过去分词作状语时的具体用法：
1．过去分词作时间状语相当于一个时间状语从句。例如：
Asked (When he was asked) what had happened, he lowered his head.
当他被问问题的时候,他低下了头。
2．过去分词作原因状语相当于一个原因状语从句。例如：
Frightened (=Because / As she was frightened) by the tiger, the girl didn't dare to sleep alone.
因为害怕老虎, 这个女孩不敢单独睡觉。
3．过去分词作条件状语相当于一个条件状语从句。例如：
Grown (If these seeds are grown) in rich soil, these seeds can grow fast.
如果种在肥沃的土壤里， 这些种子能长得很快。
Given (If we were given) more time, we could do it better.
如果给我们更多时间的话，我们可以做得更好。
注意：此句中的given在许多语法书中作为介词处理。
4．过去分词作让步状语相当于一个让步状语从句。例如：
Left (Although he was left) at home, John didn't feel afraid at all.
虽然John被单独留在房间里, 他一点都不害怕。
5． 过去分词作状语表示伴随动作或状态。例如：
The teacher entered the classroom, (and he was) followed by a group of students. 老师进入教室，后面跟着一帮学生。
练一练：
1. ________ in the queue for half an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home.
A. To wait B. Have waited
C. Having waited D. To have waited
2. ________ by the beauty of nature, the girl from London decided to spend another two days on the farm.
A. Attracting B. Attracted
C. To be attracted D. Having attracted
3. The research is so designed that once ________ nothing can be done to change it.
A. begins B. having begun
C. beginning D. begun
4. ________ to sunlight for too much time will do harm to one's skin.
A. Exposed B. Having exposed
C. Being exposed D. After being exposed
5. Price of daily goods ________ through a computer can be lower than store prices.
A. are bought B. bought
C. been bought D. buying
参考答案： 1—5 CBDCB
过去分词做状语
龙源期刊网 http://www.qikan.com.cn
过去分词做状语
作者：赖梅
来源：《广东教育·高中》2015年第12期
一、逻辑主语与非谓语动词的关系
逻辑主语是什么：就是非谓语动作的发出者或承受者。
练习一：找出下列句中非谓语动词短语（即画线部分）的逻辑主语。
1. Used for a long time， the book looks old. （_________）
2. Using the book， I find it useful. （_________）
3. He likes helping others. （_________）
4. Moved by his words， I told him all the news. （_________）
5. It’s kind of you to tell me the news. （_________）
6. It is impossible for you to finish so much work in so short a time.（_________）
7. The teacher asked me to answer his question. （_________）
8. I saw him playing at the river side. （_________）
一般来说，分词做状语，它的逻辑主语就是句子的主语。
如果逻辑主语是非谓语动词的发出者，那么非谓语动词就用主动。如：例2， 3， 5，7， 8；如果逻辑主语是非谓语动词的承受者，那么非谓语动词就用被动。如：例1， 4。
二、过去分词做状语的功能
（一）表被动
过去分词与句子的主语构成动宾关系，也就是逻辑主语是非谓语动词的承受者。 练习二：请用括号中所给词的正确形式填空。
（1）__________ （read ） carefully， the article has several mistakes . ， 6
